Threat Perception and European Identity Building: The Case of Elites in Belgium, Germany, Lithuania and Poland

References

• Aberbach , J. D. , Putnam , R. D. and Rockman , B. A. 1981 . “ ‘The Compass of Elite Ideology’ ” . In Bureaucrats and Politicians in Western Democracies , Edited by: Aberbach , J. D. , Putnam , R. D. and Rockman , B. A. Cambridge , MA : Harvard University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Budge , I. , Klingemann , H. D. , Volkens , A. , Bara , J. and Tanenbaum , E. 2001 . Mapping Policy Preferences: Estimates for Parties, Electors, and Governments 1945–1998 , Oxford : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Davis , J. W. 2000 . Threats and Promises: The Pursuit of International Influence , Baltimore , MD : Johns Hopkins University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Jupille , J. , Caporaso , J. A. and Checkel , J. T. 2003 . ‘Integrating Institutions: Rationalism, Constructivism, and the Study of European Union’ . Comparative Political Studies , 36, 1/2 ( February/March ) : 7 – 40 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mörth , U. 2003 . “ ‘Framing an American Threat. The European Commission and the Technology Gap’ ” . In Understanding the European Union's External Relations , Edited by: Knodt , M. and Princen , S. London : Routledge .
   Google Scholar
• Noreen , E. and Sjostedt , R. 2004 . ‘Estonians’ Identity Formation and Threat Framing in the Post-Cold War Era’ . Journal of Peace Research , 4 ( 6 ) : 733 – 750 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Radaelli , C. 2000 . ‘Whither Europeanization? Concept Stretching and Substantive Change’ . European Integration Online Papers EIoP , 4 ( 8 ) available at: http://eiop.or.at/eiop/texte/2000-008a.htm, assessed 12 March 2008
   Google Scholar
• Risse , T. 2001 . “ ‘A European Identity? Europeanization and the Evolution of Nation-State Identities’ ” . In Transforming Europe. Europeanization and Domestic Change , Edited by: Cowles , M. G. , Caporaso , J. and Risse , T. Ithaca , NY & London : Cornell University Press . (2001)
   Google Scholar
• Rousseau , D. L. and Garcia-Retameo , R. 2007 . ‘Identity, Power, and Threat Perception. A Cross-National Experimental Survey’ . Journal of Conflict Resolution , 51 ( 4, October ) : 744 – 771 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sherif , M. 1966 . Group Conflict and Co-operation: Their Social Psychology , London : Routledge & Kegan Paul .
   Google Scholar
• Williams , R. 2006 . ‘Generalized Ordered Logit/Partial Proportional Odds Models for Ordinal Dependent Variables’ . The Stata Journal , 6 ( 1 ) : 58 – 82 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar