Cross-cultural interpretations of changes in early childhood education in the USA, Russia, and Finland

References

• Alasuutari, M., and K. Karila. 2010. “Framing the Picture of the Child.” Children & Society 24: 100–111. doi:10.1111/j.1099-0860.2008.00209.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barnett, W. S. 2010. “Universal and Targeted Approaches to Preschool Education in the United States.” International Journal of Child Care and Education Policy 4 (1): 1–12.
   Google Scholar
• Bennett, J. 2011. “Early Childhood Education and Care Systems: Issue of Tradition and Governance.” In Encyclopedia on Early Childhood Development. Centre of Excellence for Early Childhood Development and Strategic Knowledge Cluster on Early Child Development, edited by R. E. Tremblay, M. Boivin, and R. D. E. V. Peters, i–iv. Montreal. http://www.child-encyclopedia.com/pages/PDF/child_care.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Berry, J. W. 1989. “Imposed Etics, Emics and Derived Etics: The Operationalization of a Compelling Idea.” International Journal of Psychology 24 (1): 721–735.
   Google Scholar
• Bronfenbrenner, U. 1979. The Ecology of Human Development. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Bronfenbrenner, U., and P. A. Morris. 2006. “The Bioecological Model of Human Development.” In Theoretical Models of Human Development. Vol. 1 of Handbook of Child Psychology. 6th ed., edited by R. M. Lerner, Editors-in-chief, W. Damon, and R. M. Lerner, 793–828. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley.
   Google Scholar
• Brown, C. P., Y. -C. Lan, and H. I. Jeong 2015. “Beginning to Untangle the Strange Coupling of Power Within a Neoliberal Early Education Context.” International Journal of Early Years Education. doi:10.1080/09669760.2015.1034093.
   Google Scholar
• Connors, M. C., and P. A. Morris 2015. “Comparing State Policy Approaches to Early Care and Education Quality: A Multidimensional Assessment of Quality Rating and Improvement Systems and Child Care Licensing Regulations.” Early Childhood Research Quarterly 30: 266–279. doi:10.1016/j.ecresq.2014.05.006.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cryer, D. 1999. “Defining and Assessing Early Childhood Program Quality.” Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 563: 39–55.
   Google Scholar
• Einarsdottir, J., A.-M. Purola, E. M. Johansson, S. Broström, and A. Emilson. 2014. “Democracy, Caring and Competence: Values Perspectives in ECEC Curricula in the Nordic Countries.” International Journal of Early Years Education 23 (1): 97–114. doi:10.1080/09669760.2014.970521.
   Google Scholar
• Elliot, J. 2009. “Motivation and Behaviour in Russian Schools: The Impact of Globalization upon the Soviet Educational Legacy.” In World Yearbook Education 2009: Childhood Studies and the Impact of Globalization. Policies and Practices at Global and Local Levels, edited by M. Fleer, M. Hedegaard, and J. Tudge, 233–253. New York: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Fenech, M., J. Sumsion, and J. Goodfellow. 2008. “Regulation and Risk: Early Childhood Education and Care Services as Sites where the ‘Laught of Foucault’ Resounds.” Journal of Education Policy 23 (1): 35–48. doi:10.1080/02680930701754039.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fonsén, E. 2014. Pedagoginen johtajuus varhaiskasvatuksessa. Acta Universitatis Tamperensis 1914. Tampere: Tampere University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Graves, S. B., and R. M. Gargiulo. 1994. “Early Childhood Education in Three Eastern Europe Countries.” Childhood Education 70 (4): 205–209.
   Google Scholar
• Happo, I., K. Määttä, and S. Uusiautti. 2012. “How Do Early Childhood Teachers Perceive Their Expertise? A Qualitative Study of Child Care Providers in Lapland, Finland.” Early Childhood Education Journal 41: 273–281. doi:10.1007/s10643-012-0551-8.
   Google Scholar
• Harris, M. 1976. “History and Significance of the Emic/Etic Distinction.” Annual Review of Anthropology 5: 329–350.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heikka, J. 2014. Distributed Pedagogical Leadership in Early Childhood Education. Acta Universitatis Tamperensis 1908. Tampere: Tampere University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Ho, D., V. Campbell-Barr, and C. Leeson. 2010. “Quality Improvement in Early Years Settings in Hong Kong and England.” International Journal of Early Years Education 18 (3): 243–258. doi:10.1080/09669760.2010.524058.
   Google Scholar
• Howe, N., E. Jacobs, G. Vukelich, and H. Recchia. 2013. “Canadian Parents’ Knowledge and Satisfaction Regarding Their Child’s Day-Care Experience.” Journal of Early Childhood Research 11 (2): 133–148. doi:10.1177/1476718X12466214.
   Google Scholar
• Hujala, E. 1996. “Varhaiskasvatuksen teoreettisen kehyksen rakentuminen.” Kasvatus 27 (5): 489–500.
   Google Scholar
• Hujala, E., E. Fonsén, and J. Elo. 2012. “Evaluating the Quality of the Child Care in Finland.” Early Child Development and Care 182 (3–4): 299–314. doi:10.1080/03004430.2011.646721.
   Google Scholar
• Huttunen, E. 1992. “ Education in a Changing Society. Research Project in Finland, in the United States and in Russia.” University of Joensuu. Department of Education. Report 47.
   Google Scholar
• Karila, K. 2012. “A Nordic Perspective on Early Childhood Education and Care Policy.” European Journal of Education 47 (4): 584–595. doi:10.1111/ejed.12007.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mahon, R. 2010. “After Neo-Liberalism? The OECD, the World Bank and the Child.” Global Social Policy 10 (2): 172–192.
   Google Scholar
• Mitchell, A. 2000. “The Case for Credentialing Directors Now and Considerations for the Future.” In Managing Quality in Young Children’s Programs. The Leader’s Role, edited by M. L. Culkin, 152–169. New York: Teachers College Press.
   Google Scholar
• Moss, P. 2014. Transformative Change and Real Utopias in Early Childhood Education: A Story of Democracy, Experimentation and Potentiality. New York: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• NACCRRA (National Association of Child Care Resource & Referral Agencies). 2010. “ Child Care in America. 2010 State Fact Sheet.” www.naccrra.org.
   Google Scholar
• National Curriculum Guidelines on Early Childhood and Care in Finland. 2005. “ Stakes. Oppaita 56.” http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi-fe201204193910.
   Google Scholar
• Pike, K. L. 1967. Language in Relation to a Unified Theory of the Structure of Human Behaviour. The Hague: Mouton.
   Google Scholar
• Pike, K. L. 1990. “On the Emics and Etics of Pike and Harris.” In Emics and Etics. The Insider/Outsider Debate. Frontiers of Anthropology 7, edited by T. N. Headland, K. L. Pike, and M. Harris, 28–47. London: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Rosenthal, M. K. 2003. “Quality in Early Childhood Education and Care: A Cultural Context.” European Early Childhood Education Research Journal 11 (2): 101–116. doi:10.1080/13502930385209191.
   Google Scholar
• Rubtsov, V. V., and E. G. Yudina. 2010. “Current Problems of Preschool Education.” Psychological Science and Education 3: 5–15.
   Google Scholar
• Rury, J. L. 2016. Education and Social Change: Contours in the History of American Schooling. 5th ed. New York: Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Russell, J. L. 2011. “From Child’s Garden to Academic Press: The Role of Shifting Institutional Logics in Redefining Kindergarten Education.” American Educational Research Journal 48 (2): 236–267. doi:10.3102/0002831210372135.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sabol, T. J., and R. C. Pianta. 2015. “Validating Virginia’s Quality Rating and Improvement System Among State-Funded Pre-Kindergarten Programs.” Early Childhood Research Quarterly 30: 183–198. doi:10.1016/j.ecresq.2014.03.004.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strandell, H. 2011. “Policies of Early Childhood Education and Care – Partnership, and Individualisation.” In The Modern Child and the Flexible Labour Market: Child Care Policies and Practices at a Crossroad?, edited by A. T. Kjorholt and J. Qvortrup, 222–240. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Taratukhina, M. S., M. N. Polyakova, T. A. Berezina, N. A. Notkina, R. M. Sheraizina, and M. I. Borovkov. 2006. “ Early Childhood Care and Education in the Russian Federation.” Background paper for EFA Global Monitoring Report 2007.
   Google Scholar
• Triandis, H. C. 1994. Culture and Social Behavior. New York: McGraw-Hill.
   Google Scholar
• Tudge, J. 2008. The Everyday Lives of Young Children: Culture, Class, and Child Rearing in Diverse Societies. New York: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Tuomi, J., and A. Sarajärvi. 2009. Laadullinen tutkimus ja sisällönanalyysi. 5th ed. Helsinki: Tammi.
   Google Scholar
• UNESCO. 2010. “ Status and Development of the Preschool Education System in the Russian Federation. Early Childhood Care and Education Country Report.” Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation 2010. Country report. http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0018/001893/189374e.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Urban, M., M. Vandenbroeck, K. Van Laere, A. Lazzari, and J. Peeters. 2012. “Towards Competent Systems in Early Childhood Education and Care. Implications for Policy and Practice.” European Journal of Education 47 (4): 508–526. doi:10.1111/ejed.12010.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vlasov, J. Forthcoming. “ The Use of Reflective Emic Analysis in Comparative Research .”
   Google Scholar
• Wibeck, V., M. A. Dahlgren, and G. Oberg. 2007. “Learning in Focus Groups: An Analytical Dimension for Enhancing Focus Group Research.” Qualitative Research 7: 249–267. doi:10.1177/1468794107076023.
   Google Scholar