Exploring the emotional experiences of alcohol hangover syndrome in healthy UK-based adults

References

• Al-Shawaf, L., Conroy-Beam, D., Asao, K., & Buss, D.M. (2016). Human emotions: An evolutionary psychological perspective. Emotion Review, 8, 173–186. doi:10.1177/1754073914565518
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Armstrong, D., Gosling, A., Weinman, J., & Marteau, T. (1997). The place of inter-rater reliability in qualitative research: An empirical study. Sociology, 31, 597–606. doi:10.1177/0038038597031003015
   Google Scholar
• Ashton, C.H. (2001). Pharmacology and effects of cannabis: A brief review. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 178, 101–106. doi:10.1192/bjp.178.2.101
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bailey, C., Andrews, N., McKnight, A., Hughes, J., & Little, H. (2000). Prolonged changes in neurochemistry of dopamine neurones after chronic ethanol consumption. Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, 66, 153–161. doi:10.1016/S0091-3057(00)00230-6
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barnett, N.P., Merrill, J.E., Kahler, C.W., & Colby, S.M. (2015). Negative evaluations of negative alcohol consequences lead to subsequent reductions in alcohol use. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 29, 992–1002. doi:10.1037/adb0000095
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beck, A.T. (1970). Cognitive therapy: Nature and relation to behavior therapy. Behavior Therapy, 1, 184–200. doi:10.1016/S0005-7894(70)80030-2
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beedie, C., Terry, P., & Lane, A. (2005). Distinctions between emotion and mood. Cognition & Emotion, 19, 847–878. doi:10.1080/02699930541000057
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bobier, C.A. (2017). Deflating Moods. Southwest Philosophy Review, 33, 25–32. doi:10.5840/swphilreview20173313
   Google Scholar
• Boileau, I., Assaad, J.-M., Pihl, R.O., Benkelfat, C., Leyton, M., Diksic, M., … Dagher, A. (2003). Alcohol promotes dopamine release in the human nucleus accumbens. Synapse, 49, 226–231. doi:10.1002/syn.10226
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3, 77–101. doi:10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
   Google Scholar
• Braun, V., & Clarke, V. (2013). Successful qualitative research: A practical guide for beginners. London, England: Sage.
   Google Scholar
• Breiter, H.C., Gollub, R.L., Weisskoff, R.M., Kennedy, D.N., Makris, N., Berke, J.D., … Hyman, S.E. (1997). Acute effects of cocaine on human brain activity and emotion. Neuron, 19, 591–611. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80374-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Burke, L.E., Shiffman, S., Music, E., Styn, M.A., Kriska, A., Smailagic, A., … Rathbun, S.L. (2017). Ecological momentary assessment in behavioral research: Addressing technological and human participant challenges. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 19, e77. doi:10.2196/jmir.7138
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Butler, A.C., Chapman, J.E., Forman, E.M., & Beck, A.T. (2006). The empirical status of cognitive-behavioral therapy: A review of meta-analyses. Clinical Psychology Review, 26, 17–31. doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2005.07.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Byrnes, J.P., Miller, D.C., & Schafer, W.D. (1999). Gender differences in risk taking: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 125, 367–383. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.125.3.367
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Calder, I. (1997). Hangovers. BMJ, 314, 2. doi:10.1136/bmj.314.7073.2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Calonne, D.S. (2003). Charles Bukowski: Sunlight Here I Am: Interviews and Encounters 1963–1993. Northville, MI: Sun Dog Press.
   Google Scholar
• Clark, D.M. (2011). Implementing NICE guidelines for the psychological treatment of depression and anxiety disorders: The IAPT experience. International Review of Psychiatry, 23, 318–327. doi:10.3109/09540261.2011.606803
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cohen, S., & Wills, T.A. (1985). Stress, social support, and the buffering hypothesis. Psychological Bulletin, 98, 310. doi:10.1037//0033-2909.98.2.310
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crofton, J. (1987). Extent and costs of alcohol problems in employment: A review of British data. Alcohol Alcohol, 22, 321–325.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cunningham, J.A. (2012). Comparison of two internet-based interventions for problem drinkers: Randomized controlled trial. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 14, e107. doi:10.2196/jmir.2090
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Curtin, J.J., Patrick, C.J., Lang, A.R., Cacioppo, J.T., & Birbaumer, N. (2001). Alcohol affects emotion through cognition. Psychological Science, 12, 527–531. doi:10.1111/1467-9280.00397
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Darwin, C. (1872/1965). The expression of the emotions in man and animals (Vol. 526). Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press (Original work published 1872).
   Google Scholar
• Davis, M.A. (2009). Understanding the relationship between mood and creativity: A meta-analysis. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 108, 25–38. doi:10.1016/j.obhdp.2008.04.001
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dietler, M. (2006). Alcohol: Anthropological/archaeological perspectives. Annual Review of Anthropology, 35, 229–249. doi:10.1146/annurev.anthro.35.081705.123120
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dolan, R.J. (2002). Emotion, cognition, and behavior. Science, 298, 1191–1194. doi:10.1126/science.1076358
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dolinsky, Z.S., & Babor, T.F. (1997). Ethical, scientific and clinical issues in ethanol administration research involving alcoholics as human subjects. Addiction, 92, 1087–1098. doi:10.1046/j.1360-0443.1997.92910875.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ekman, P., Friesen, W.V., & Ellsworth, P. (1972). Emotion in the human face: Guidelines for research and an integration of findings. New York, NY: Pergamon.
   Google Scholar
• Ellis, A. (1958). Rational psychotherapy. The Journal of General Psychology, 59, 35–49. doi:10.1080/00221309.1958.9710170
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fjær, E.G. (2012). The day after drinking: Interaction during hangovers among young Norwegian adults. Journal of Youth Studies, 15, 995–1010. doi:10.1080/13676261.2012.693594
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fjær, E.G. (2014). Making sense of a multitude of (immoral) ‘intoxicating stories’. International Journal of Drug Policy, 25, 353. doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2014.03.010
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fjær, E.G. (2015). Moral emotions the day after drinking. Contemporary Drug Problems, 42, 299–313. doi:10.1177/0091450915604988
   Google Scholar
• Frijda, N.H. (2009). Mood. In D. Sander & K. R. Scherer (Eds.). Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Frijda, N.H., & Davidson, R.J. (1994). Varieties of affect: Emotions and episodes, moods, and sentiments. Oxford, NY: Oxford University Press US.
   Google Scholar
• Gendron, M. (2010). Defining emotion: A brief history. Emotion Review, 2, 371–372. doi:10.1177/1754073910374669
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gruber, R., & Cassoff, J. (2014). The interplay between sleep and emotion regulation: Conceptual framework empirical evidence and future directions. Current Psychiatry Reports, 16, 500. doi:10.1007/s11920-014-0500-x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harburg, E., Davis, D., Cummings, K.M., & Gunn, R. (1981). Negative affect, alcohol consumption and hangover symptoms among normal drinkers in a small community. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 42, 998–1012. doi:10.15288/jsa.1981.42.998
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Harburg, E., Gunn, R., Gleiberman, L., DiFranceisco, W., & Schork, A. (1993). Psychosocial factors, alcohol use, and hangover signs among social drinkers: A reappraisal. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 46, 413–422. doi:10.1016/0895-4356(93)90017-U
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harris, C.R. (2012). Feelings of dread and intertemporal choice. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 25, 13–28. doi:10.1002/bdm.709
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hollon, S.D., & Beck, A.T. (1994). Cognitive and cognitive-behavioral therapies. In A. E. Bergin & S. L. Garfield (Eds.), Handbook of psychotherapy and behavior change (pp. 428–466). Oxford, England: John Wiley & Sons.
   Google Scholar
• Holmes, E.A., Lang, T.J., & Shah, D.M. (2009). Developing interpretation bias modification as a “cognitive vaccine” for depressed mood: Imagining positive events makes you feel better than thinking about them verbally. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 118, 76. doi:10.1037/a0012590
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Howland, J., Rohsenow, D.J., Allensworth-Davies, D., Greece, J., Almeida, A., Minsky, S.J., … Hermos, J. (2008). The incidence and severity of hangover the morning after moderate alcohol intoxication. Addiction, 103, 758–765. doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2008.02181.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Inoue, K., Fukunaga, M., Kiriyama, T., & Komura, S. (1984). Accumulation of acetaldehyde in alcohol‐sensitive Japanese: Relation to ethanol and acetaldehyde oxidizing capacity. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 8, 319–322. doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.1984.tb05519.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Izard, C.E. (2010). The many meanings/aspects of emotion: Definitions, functions, activation, and regulation. Emotion Review, 2, 363–370. doi:10.1177/1754073910374661
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jayawardena, R., Thejani, T., Ranasinghe, P., Fernando, D., & Verster, J.C. (2017). Interventions for treatment and/or prevention of alcohol hangover: Systematic review. Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental, 32, e2600. doi:10.1002/hup.2600
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jefferson, G. (2004). Glossary of transcript symbols with an introduction. Pragmatics and Beyond New Series, 125, 13–34. doi:10.1075/pbns
   Google Scholar
• Kanai, R., & Rees, G. (2011). The structural basis of inter-individual differences in human behaviour and cognition. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 12, 231–242. doi:10.1038/nrn3000
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, D.-J., Kim, W., Yoon, S.-J., Choi, B.-M., Kim, J.-S., Go, H.J., … Jeong, J. (2003). Effects of alcohol hangover on cytokine production in healthy subjects. Alcohol, 31, 167–170. doi:10.1016/j.alcohol.2003.09.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kypri, K., Stephenson, S., & Langley, J. (2004). Assessment of nonresponse bias in an internet survey of alcohol use. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 28, 630–634. doi:10.1097/01.ALC.0000121654.99277.26
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Labhart, F., Graham, K., Wells, S., & Kuntsche, E. (2013). Drinking before going to licensed premises: An event‐level analysis of predrinking, alcohol consumption, and adverse outcomes. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 37, 284–291. doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2012.01872.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lazarus, R.S. (1982). Thoughts on the relations between emotion and cognition. American Psychologist, 37, 1019. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.37.9.1019
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• LeMarquand, D., Pihl, R.O., & Benkelfat, C. (1994). Serotonin and alcohol intake, abuse, and dependence: Clinical evidence. Biological Psychiatry, 36, 326–337. doi:10.1016/0006-3223(94)90630-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leventhal, H., & Scherer, K. (1987). The relationship of emotion to cognition: A functional approach to a semantic controversy. Cognition and Emotion, 1, 3–28. doi:10.1080/02699938708408361
   Google Scholar
• Lyubomirsky, S., Caldwell, N.D., & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (1998). Effects of ruminative and distracting responses to depressed mood on retrieval of autobiographical memories. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 75, 166. doi:10.1037//0022-3514.75.1.166
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lyubomirsky, S., Tucker, K.L., Caldwell, N.D., & Berg, K. (1999). Why ruminators are poor problem solvers: Clues from the phenomenology of dysphoric rumination. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 77, 1041. doi:10.1037//0022-3514.77.5.1041
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mallett, K.A., Bachrach, R.L., & Turrisi, R. (2008). Are all negative consequences truly negative? Assessing variations among college students' perceptions of alcohol related consequences. Addictive Behaviors, 33, 1375–1381. doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2008.06.014
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McIntosh, C., & Chick, J. (2004). Alcohol and the nervous system. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, 75, 16–21. doi:10.1136/jnnp.2004.045708
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McKinney, A. (2010). A review of the next day effects of alcohol on subjective mood ratings. Current Drug Abuse Reviews, 3, 88–91. doi:10.2174/1874473711003020088
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• McKinney, A., & Coyle, K. (2006). Alcohol hangover effects on measures of affect the morning after a normal night's drinking. Alcohol and Alcoholism, 41, 54–60. doi:10.1093/alcalc/agh226
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Measham, F., & Brain, K. (2005). ‘Binge’ drinking, British alcohol policy and the new culture of intoxication. Crime, Media, Culture, 1, 262–283. doi:10.1177/1741659005057641
   Google Scholar
• Merrill, J.E., Rosen, R.K., Walker, S., & Carey, K.B. (2018). A qualitative examination of contextual influences on negative alcohol consequence evaluations among young adult drinkers. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 32, 29–39. doi:10.1037/adb0000339
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mitchell, J.M., O'Neil, J.P., Janabi, M., Marks, S.M., Jagust, W.J., & Fields, H.L. (2012). Alcohol consumption induces endogenous opioid release in the human orbitofrontal cortex and nucleus accumbens. Science Translational Medicine, 4, 116ra6–116ra116. doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.3002902
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Molbak, M., Schou, A., & Tolstrup, J. (2017). Alcohol hangover and risk of drinking problems and alcohol use disorder: A systematic review. J Alcohol Drug Depend, 5, 2. doi:10.4172/2329-6488.1000255
   Google Scholar
• Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (1991). Responses to depression and their effects on the duration of depressive episodes. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 100, 569. doi:10.1037/0021-843X.100.4.569
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2000). The role of rumination in depressive disorders and mixed anxiety/depressive symptoms. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 109, 504. doi:10.1037/0021-843X.109.3.504
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nolen-Hoeksema, S., & Harrell, Z.A. (2002). Rumination, depression, and alcohol use: Tests of gender differences. Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy, 16, 391–403. doi:10.1891/jcop.16.4.391.52526
   Google Scholar
• Office for National Statistics. (2017). Adult drinking habits in Great Britain: 2005 to 2016. London, United Kingdom: Office for National Statistics.
   Google Scholar
• Ozawa, S., Kamiya, H., & Tsuzuki, K. (1998). Glutamate receptors in the mammalian central nervous system. Progress in Neurobiology, 54, 581–618. doi:10.1016/S0301-0082(97)00085-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parrott, A.C., & Lasky, J. (1998). Ecstasy (MDMA) effects upon mood and cognition: Before, during and after a Saturday night dance. Psychopharmacology, 139, 261–268. doi:10.1007/s002130050714
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patock-Peckham, J.A., Canning, J.R., & Leeman, R.F. (2018). Shame is bad and guilt is good: An examination of the impaired control over drinking pathway to alcohol use and related problems. Personality and Individual Differences, 121, 62–66. doi:10.1016/j.paid.2017.09.023
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Patrick, C.H. (1952). Alcohol, culture and society. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Pessoa, L. (2008). On the relationship between emotion and cognition. Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 9, 148–158. doi:10.1038/nrn2317
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Plutchik, R. (1980). Emotion: A psychoevolutionary synthesis. United Kingdom: Longman Higher Education.
   Google Scholar
• Prat, G., Adan, A., & Sánchez-Turet, M. (2009). Alcohol hangover: A critical review of explanatory factors. Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental, 24, 259–267. doi:10.1002/hup.1023
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Routledge, C., Arndt, J., Wildschut, T., Sedikides, C., Hart, C.M., Juhl, J., … Schlotz, W. (2011). The past makes the present meaningful: Nostalgia as an existential resource. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 101, 638. doi:10.1037/a0024292
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruhé, H.G., Mason, N.S., & Schene, A.H. (2007). Mood is indirectly related to serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine levels in humans: A meta-analysis of monoamine depletion studies. Molecular Psychiatry, 12, 331–359. doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4001949
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sandelowski, M. (2008). Theoretical saturation. The Sage Encyclopedia of Qualitative Methods, 1, 875–876.
   Google Scholar
• Scott, S., Shucksmith, J., Baker, R., & Kaner, E. (2017). ‘Hidden Habitus’: A qualitative study of socio-ecological influences on drinking practices and social identity in mid-adolescence. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 14, 611. doi:10.3390/ijerph14060611
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sedikides, C., Wildschut, T., Arndt, J., & Routledge, C. (2008). Nostalgia: Past, present, and future. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 17, 304–307. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8721.2008.00595.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sher, L. (1997). The placebo effect on mood and behavior: The role of the endogenous opioid system. Medical Hypotheses, 48, 347–349. doi:10.1016/S0306-9877(97)90105-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sher, K.J., & Grekin, E.R. (2007). Alcohol and affect regulation. New York, NY: Guildford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Shiffman, S., Stone, A.A., & Hufford, M.R. (2008). Ecological momentary assessment. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, 4, 1–32. doi:10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.3.022806.091415
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shorter, G.W., Murphy, M., & Cunningham, J.A. (2017). Understanding the hangover experience in Canadian adults: A latent class analysis of hangover symptom patterns and their alcohol-related correlates. Drugs: Education, Prevention and Policy, 24, 189–196. doi:10.1080/09687637.2016.1178709
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Single, E., Robson, L., Xie, X., & Rehm, J. (1998). The economic costs of alcohol, tobacco and illicit drugs in Canada, 1992. Addiction, 93, 991–1006. doi:10.1046/j.1360-0443.1998.9379914.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stan, A.D., Schirda, C.V., Bertocci, M.A., Bebko, G.M., Kronhaus, D.M., Aslam, H.A., … Phillips, M.L. (2014). Glutamate and GABA contributions to medial prefrontal cortical activity to emotion: Implications for mood disorders. Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging, 223, 253–260. doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2014.05.016
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Swift, R., & Davidson, D. (1998). Alcohol hangover: Mechanisms and mediators. Alcohol Health and Research World, 22, 54–60.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tolstrup, J.S., Stephens, R., & Grønbaek, M. (2014). Does the severity of hangovers decline with age? Survey of the incidence of hangover in different age groups. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 38, 466–470. doi:10.1111/acer.12238
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Valenzuela, C.F. (1997). Alcohol and neurotransmitter interactions. Alcohol Research and Health, 21, 144.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Verster, J.C. (2008). The alcohol hangover – a puzzling phenomenon. Alcohol and Alcoholism, 43, 124–126. doi:10.1093/alcalc/agm163
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Verster, J.C., Lantman, M.V.S., van de Loo, A.J., & Mackus, M. (2017). Development of a definition for the alcohol hangover: Consumer descriptions and expert consensus. Current Drug Abuse Reviews, 15, 1289–1293. doi:10.2174/1874473710666170216125822
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Verster, J.C., Van Duin, D., Volkerts, E.R., Schreuder, A.H., & Verbaten, M.N. (2003). Alcohol hangover effects on memory functioning and vigilance performance after an evening of binge drinking. Neuropsychopharmacology, 28, 740. doi:10.1038/sj.npp.1300090
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walker, W.R., Skowronski, J.J., & Thompson, C.P. (2003). Life is pleasant–and memory helps to keep it that way!. Review of General Psychology, 7, 203. doi:10.1037/1089-2680.7.2.203
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Watanabe, M., Maemura, K., Kanbara, K., Tamayama, T., & Hayasaki, H. (2002). GABA and GABA receptors in the central nervous system and other organs. International Review of Cytology, 213, 1–47. doi:10.1016/S0074-7696(02)13011-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weidman, A.C., Steckler, C.M., & Tracy, J.L. (2017). The jingle and jangle of emotion assessment: Imprecise measurement, casual scale usage, and conceptual fuzziness in emotion research. Emotion, 17, 267. doi:10.1037/emo0000226
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weight, F., Aguayo, L., White, G., Lovinger, D., & Peoples, R. (1991). GABA-and glutamate-gated ion channels as molecular sites of alcohol and anesthetic action. Advances in Biochemical Psychopharmacology, 47, 335–347.
   Google Scholar
• White, H.R., & Ray, A.E. (2014). Differential evaluations of alcohol-related consequences among emerging adults. Prevention Science, 15, 115–124. doi:10.1007/s11121-012-0360-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wierzbicka, A. (1992). Defining emotion concepts. Cognitive Science, 16, 539–581. doi:10.1207/s15516709cog1604_4
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wiese, J.G., Shlipak, M.G., & Browner, W.S. (2000). The alcohol hangover. Annals of Internal Medicine, 132, 897–902. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-132-11-200006060-00008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wildschut, T., Sedikides, C., Arndt, J., & Routledge, C. (2006). Nostalgia: Content, triggers, functions. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 91, 975–993.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wood, M.D., & Sher, K.J. (2000). Risks of alcohol consumption in laboratory studies involving human research participants. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, 14, 328. doi:10.1037//0893-164X.14.4.328
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou, X., Sedikides, C., Wildschut, T., & Gao, D.-G. (2008). Counteracting loneliness: On the restorative function of nostalgia. Psychological Science, 19, 1023–1029. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2008.02194.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar