References
- Andrade, E., Leyva, R., Kwan, M., Magis, C., Stainez-Orozco, H., & Brouwer, K. (2019). Women in sex work and the risk environment: Agency, risk perception, and management in the sex work environments of two Mexico-U.S. Border Cities. Sexuality Research & Social Policy, 16(3), 317–328. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s13178-018-0318-0
- Antoniou, T., Ala-Leppilampi, K., Shearer, D., Parsons, J., Tadrous, M., &., & Gomes, T. (2019). Like being put on an ice flow and shoved away”: A qualitative study of the impacts of opioid-related policy changes on people who take opioids. International Journal of Drug Policy, 66, 15–22. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2019.01.015
- Bishop, D., Borkowski, L., Couillard, M., Allina, A., Baruch, S., Wood, S. (2017). Pregnant women and substance use: Overview of research & policy in the United States (Paper 5). Jacobs Institute of Women’s Health. http://hsrc.himmelfarb.gwu.edu/sphhs_centers_jacobs/5
- Bridges, K. (2011). Reproducing race: An ethnography of pregnancy as a site of racialization (Kindle ed.). University of California Press.
- Caputo, G. (2008). Out in the storm: Drug-addicted women living as shoplifters and sex workers. Northeastern University Press.
- Cimino, A. (2012). A predictive theory of intentions to exit street-level prostitution. Violence against Women, 18(10), 1235–1252. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/1077801212465153
- Cohen, L. (2018). Informing consent: Medical malpractice and the criminalization of pregnancy. Michigan Law Review, 116(7), 1297–1316.
- Colen, S. (1995). Like a mother to them”: Stratified reproduction and West Indian childcare workers and employers in New York. In F. Ginsburg & R. Rapp (Eds.), Conceiving the new world order: The global politics of reproduction (pp. 78–102). University of California Press.
- Combellick-Bidney, S., & Genis, A. (2018). Only through the body: Reproductive justice and the practice of embodied theory. Women's Studies, 47(1), 44–59. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/00497878.2017.1406352
- Corrigan, P., Schomerus, G., Shuman, V., Kraus, D., Perlick, D., Harnish, A., Kulesza, M., Kane-Willis, K., Qin, S., & Smelson, D. (2017). Developing a research agenda for understanding the stigma of addictions Part I: Lessons from the Mental Health Stigma Literature. The American Journal on Addictions, 26(1), 59–66. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/ajad.12458
- Cusick, L. (2006). Widening the harm reduction agenda: From drug use to sex work. International Journal of Drug Policy, 17(1), 3–11. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2005.12.002
- Dalla, R. (2004). I fell off [the mothering] track”: Barriers to “effective mothering” among prostituted women. Family Relations, 53(2), 190–200.
- Dennis, C., & Vigod, S. (2019). Association between self-reported prenatal cannabis use and maternal, perinatal, and neonatal outcomes. JAMA, 322, 145–152.
- Dodsworth, J. (2014). Sex worker and mother: Managing dual and threatened identities. Child & Family Social Work, 19(1), 99–108. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2206.2012.00889.x
- Duff, P., Shoveller, J., Feng, P., Ogilvie, G., Montaner, J., & Shannon, K. (2015). Pregnancy intentions among female sex workers: Recognising their rights and wants as mothers. The Journal of Family Planning and Reproductive Health Care, 41(2), 102–108. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1136/jfprhc-2012-100532
- Duff, P., Shoveller, J., Chettiar, J., Feng, P., Nicoletti, R., & Shannon, K. (2015). Sex work and motherhood: Social and structural barriers to health and social services for pregnant and parenting street and off-street sex workers. Health Care for Women International, 36(9), 1039–1055. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/07399332.2014.989437
- Flavin, J. (2010). Our bodies, our crimes: The policing of women’s reproduction in America. New York University Press.
- Flavin, J., & Paltrow, L. (2010). Punishing pregnant drug-using women: Defying law, medicine, and common sense. Journal of Addictive Diseases, 29(2), 231–244. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/10550881003684830
- Frank, D. A., Augustyn, M., Knight, W. G., Pell, T., & Zuckerman, B. (2001). Growth, development, and behavior in early childhood following prenatal cocaine exposure: A systematic review. JAMA, 285(12), 1613–1625. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.285.12.1613
- Glenn, J. E. (2014). Making crack babies: Race discourse and the biologization of behavior. In L. B. Green, J. McKiernan-Gonzalez, & M. Summers (Eds.), Precarious prescriptions: Contested histories of race and health in North America (pp. 237–260). University of Minnesota Press.
- Gurr, B. A. (2015). Reproductive justice: The politics of healthcare for Native American women. Rutgers University Press.
- Guttmacher Institute. (2020). Substance use during pregnancy. https://www.guttmacher.org/state-policy/explore/substance-use-during-pregnancy
- Harris, L., & Wolfe, T. (2014). Stratified reproduction, family planning care and the double edge of history. Current Opinions in Obstetric Gynecology, 26(4), 539–544. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1097/GCO.0000000000000121
- Jones, H. E., & Fielder, A. (2015). Neonatal abstinence syndrome: Historical perspective, current focus, future directions. Preventive Medicine, 80, 12–17. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.07.017
- Kershnar, S., & Paltrow, L. (2001). Pregnancy, parenting and drug use: Which women? Which Harm? Harm Reduction Coalition, 12, 8–11.
- Knight, K. (2015). Addicted.pregnant.poor. Duke University Press.
- Luna, Z., & Luker, K. (2013). Reproductive justice. Annual Review of Law and Social Science, 9(1), 327–352. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-lawsocsci-102612-134037
- Murphy, S., & Rosenbaum, M. (1999). Pregnant women on drugs: Combating stereotypes and stigma. Rutgers University Press.
- Paltrow, L., & Flavin, J. (2013). Arrests of and forced interventions on pregnant women in the United States, 1973–2005: Implications for women's legal status and public health. Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law, 38(2), 299–342. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1215/03616878-1966324
- Paquette, C., Syvertsen, J., & Pollini, R. (2018). Stigma at every turn: Health services experiences among people who inject drugs. The International Journal on Drug Policy, 57, 104–110. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2018.04.004
- Red Umbrella Babies. (2020). https://www.redumbrellababies.com
- Rekart, M. (2005). Sex-work harm reduction. The Lancet, 366(9503), 2123–2134. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(05)67732-X
- Roberts, S. C. M., & Nuru-Jeter, A. (2012). Universal screening for alcohol and drug use and racial disparities in child protective services reporting. The Journal of Behavioral Health Services & Research, 39(1), 3–16. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s11414-011-9247-x
- Ross, L. (2017). Reproductive justice as intersectional feminist activism. Souls, 19(3), 286–314. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/10999949.2017.1389634
- Ross, L., & Solinger, R. (2017). Reproductive justice: An introduction (Vol. 1, Kindle ed.). University of California Press.
- Sangoi, L. (2018). Two states just made it easier to take babies away from mothers who use drugs during pregnancy. The Appeal. https://theappeal.org/two-states-just-made-it-easier-to-take-babies-away-from-mothers-who-use-drugs-during-pregnancy-d6a6f426c6fe/
- Sunderlin, K., Huss, L. (2014). The mythology of ‘addicted babies’: Challenging Media Distortions, Laws and Policies that Fracture Communities. Different Takes: 86. http://msacd.emory.edu/news/Mythology%20of%20Addicted%20Babies.html
- Toquinto, S. (2017). Pregnancy obscured: Street based sex work and the experience of pregnancy. In K. Hail-Jares, C. S. Shdaiman and C. S. Leon (Eds), Challenging Perspectives on Street-based Sex Work (pp. 17–39). Temple University Press.
- Weisman, C. (2018). The right to mother and do sex work. In These Times. https://inthesetimes.com/article/20816/presumed-guilty-of-bad-mothering
- Wright, T. E., Schuetter, R., Fombonne, E., Stephenson, J., & Haning, W. F. (2012). Implementation and evaluation of a harm-reduction model for clinical care of substance using pregnant women. Harm Reduction Journal, 9(5), 5. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1186/1477-7517-9-5