133
Views
1
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Editor’s choice

Socio-demographic, health and drug use characteristics among people with different frequency patterns of cannabis use in Brazil

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon show all
Pages 425-433 | Received 17 Aug 2021, Accepted 12 Feb 2022, Published online: 25 Feb 2022

References

  • Adamson, S. J., Kay-Lambkin, F. J., Baker, A. L., Lewin, T. J., Thornton, L., Kelly, B. J., & Sellman, J. D. (2010). An improved brief measure of cannabis misuse: The Cannabis Use Disorders Identification Test-Revised (CUDIT-R). Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 110(1–2), 137–143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.02.017
  • Agrawal, A., Budney, A. J., & Lynskey, M. T. (2012). The co-occurring use and misuse of cannabis and tobacco: a review. Addiction (Abingdon, England), 107(7), 1221–1233. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2012.03837.x
  • Agrawal, A., & Lynskey, M. T. (2007). Does gender contribute to heterogeneity in criteria for cannabis abuse and dependence? Results from the national epidemiological survey on alcohol and related conditions. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 88(2–3), 300–307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.10.003
  • Barnwell, S. S., Earleywine, M., & Wilcox, R. (2006). Cannabis, motivation, and life satisfaction in an internet sample. Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy, 1(1), 2. https://doi.org/10.1186/1747-597X-1-2
  • Bastos, F. I. P. M., Vasconcellos, M. T. L. D., De Boni, R. B., Reis, N. B. D., & Coutinho, C. F. D S. (2017). III Levantamento Nacional sobre o uso de drogas pela população brasileira [III National Survey on drug use by the Brazilian population]. ICICT/FIOCRUZ. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/34614
  • Bjelland, I., Dahl, A. A., Haug, T. T., & Neckelmann, D. (2002). The validity of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. An updated literature review. Journal of Psychosomatic Research, 52(2), 69–77. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-3999(01)00296-3
  • Botega, N. J., Bio, M. R., Zomignani, M. A., Garcia, C., Jr., & Pereira, W. A. B. (1995). Transtornos do humor em enfermaria de clínica médica e validação de escala de medida (HAD) de ansiedade e depressão. Revista de Saúde Pública, 29(5), 359–363.https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-89101995000500004
  • Brière, F. N., Fallu, J. S., Descheneaux, A., & Janosz, M. (2011). Predictors and consequences of simultaneous alcohol and cannabis use in adolescents. Addictive Behaviors, 36(7), 785–788. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2011.02.012
  • Broyd, S. J., van Hell, H. H., Beale, C., Yücel, M., & Solowij, N. (2016). Acute and chronic effects of cannabinoids on human cognition - A systematic review. Biological Psychiatry, 79(7), 557–567. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.12.002
  • Camfield, L., & Skevington, S. M. (2008). On subjective well-being and quality of life. Journal of Health Psychology, 13(6), 764–775. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105308093860
  • Carlini, E. L. D. A., Noto, A. R., Sanchez, Z. V. D. M., Carlini, C. M. D. A., Locatelli, D. P., Abeid, L. R., Amato, T. D. C., Opaleye, E. S., Tondowski, C. S., & de Moura, Y. G. (2010). VI Levantamento Nacional sobre o consumo de drogas psicotrópicas entre estudantes do ensino fundamental e médio das redes pública e privada de ensino nas 27 capitais brasileiras.
  • Connor, J. P., Gullo, M. J., White, A., & Kelly, A. B. (2014). Polysubstance use: Diagnostic challenges, patterns of use and health. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 27(4), 269–275. https://doi.org/10.1097/YCO.0000000000000069
  • Crummy, E. A., O'Neal, T. J., Baskin, B. M., & Ferguson, S. M. (2020). One is not enough: Understanding and modeling polysubstance use. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 14, 569 https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2020.00569
  • Davis, C. N., Slutske, W. S., Martin, N. G., Agrawal, A., & Lynskey, M. T. (2019). Identifying subtypes of cannabis users based on simultaneous polysubstance use. Drug Alcohol Depend, 205, 107696. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.107696
  • de Andrade, A. G., Duarte, P. C. A. V., Barroso, L. P., Nishimura, R., Alberghini, D. G., & de Oliveira, L. G. (2012). Use of alcohol and other drugs among Brazilian college students: Effects of gender and age. Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry, 34(3), 294–305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rbp.2012.02.002
  • Degenhardt, L., Charlson, F., Ferrari, A., Santomauro, D., Erskine, H., Mantilla-Herrara, A., Whiteford, H., Leung, J., Naghavi, M., Griswold, M., Rehm, J., Hall, W., Sartorius, B., Scott, J., Vollset, S. E., Knudsen, A. K., Haro, J. M., Patton, G., Kopec, J., … Vos, T. (2018). The global burden of disease attributable to alcohol and drug use in 195 countries and territories, 1990–2016: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. The Lancet Psychiatry, 5(12), 987–1012. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(18)30337-7
  • Degenhardt, L., Hall, W., & Lynskey, M. (2001). The relationship between cannabis use, depression and anxiety among Australian adults: Findings from the National Survey of Mental Health and Well-Being. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 36(5), 219–227. https://doi.org/10.1007/s001270170052
  • Diener, E. (2007). Guidelines for national indicators of subjective well-being and ill-being. Applied Research in Quality of Life, 1(2), 151–157. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11482-006-9007-x
  • Diener, E., Emmons, R. A., Larsen, R. J., & Griffin, S. (1985). The satisfaction with life scale. Journal of Personality Assessment, 49(1), 71–75. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa4901_13
  • Douglas, S. P., & Craig, C. S. (2007). Collaborative and iterative translation: An alternative approach to back translation. Journal of International Marketing, 15(1), 30–43. https://doi.org/10.1509/jimk.15.1.030
  • EMCDDA (2019). European Drug Report 2019: Trends and developments. Publications Office of the European Union. https://www.emcdda.europa.eu/publications/edr/trends-developments/2019_en
  • Fattore, L., Altea, S., & Fratta, W. (2008). Sex differences in drug addiction: A review of animal and human studies. Women's Health (London, England), 4, 51–65. https://doi.org/10.2217/17455057.4.1.51
  • Fergusson, D. M., & Boden, J. M. (2008). Cannabis use and later life outcomes. Addiction, 103(6), 969–976. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2008.02221.x
  • Fidalgo, T. M., Sanchez, Z. M., Caetano, S. C., Maia, L. O., Carlini, E. A., & Martins, S. S. (2016). The association of psychiatric symptomatology with patterns of alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana use among Brazilian high school students. The American Journal on Addictions, 25(5), 416–425. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajad.12407
  • Fischer, B., Russell, C., Sabioni, P., Brink, W. V. D., Foll, B. L., Hall, W., Rehm, J., & Room, R. (2017). Lower-risk cannabis use guidelines: A comprehensive update of evidence and recommendations. American Journal of Public Health, 107(8), e1–e12. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2017.303818
  • Fischer, J. A., Clavarino, A. M., Plotnikova, M., & Najman, J. M. (2015). Cannabis use and quality of life of adolescents and young adults: Findings from an Australian birth cohort. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 47(2), 107–116. https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2015.1014121
  • Fleck, M. P., Louzada, S., Xavier, M., Chachamovich, E., Vieira, G., Santos, L., & Pinzon, V. (2000). Aplicação da versão em português do instrumento abreviado de avaliação da qualidade de vida "WHOQOL-bref”. Revista de Saúde Pública, 34(2), 178–183. https://doi.org/10.1590/S0034-89102000000200012
  • Fuster, D., Cheng, D. M., Allensworth-Davies, D., Palfai, T. P., Samet, J. H., & Saitz, R. (2014). No detectable association between frequency of marijuana use and health or healthcare utilization among primary care patients who screen positive for drug use. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 29(1), 133–139. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11606-013-2605-z
  • GBD. (2018). Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 354 diseases and injuries for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2017: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. The Lancet, 392(10159), 1789–1858. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32279-7
  • Goldenberg, M., IsHak, W. W., & Danovitch, I. (2017). Quality of life and recreational cannabis use. The American Journal on Addictions, 26(1), 8–25. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajad.12486
  • Grant, J. D., Scherrer, J. F., Neuman, R. J., Todorov, A. A., Price, R. K., & Bucholz, K. K. (2006). A comparison of the latent class structure of cannabis problems among adult men and women who have used cannabis repeatedly. Addiction (Abingdon, England), 101(8), 1133–1142. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2006.01463.x
  • Greaves, L., & Hemsing, N. (2020). Sex and gender interactions on the use and impact of recreational cannabis. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(2), 509. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17020509
  • Gruber, S. A., Sagar, K. A., Dahlgren, M. K., Racine, M., & Lukas, S. E. (2012). Age of onset of marijuana use and executive function. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors: Journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors, 26(3), 496–506. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0026269
  • Hall, W. (2015). What has research over the past two decades revealed about the adverse health effects of recreational cannabis use? Addiction (Abingdon, England), 110(1), 19–35. https://doi.org/10.1111/add.12703
  • Hall, W. (2017). Alcohol and cannabis: Comparing their adverse health effects and regulatory regimes. The International Journal on Drug Policy, 42, 57–62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2016.10.021
  • Hall, W., & Degenhardt, L. (2014). The adverse health effects of chronic cannabis use. Drug Testing and Analysis, 6(1-2), 39–45. https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.1506
  • Hall, W., Stjepanovic, D., Caulkins, J., Lynskey, M., Leung, J., Campbell, G., & Degenhardt, L. (2019). Public health implications of legalising the production and sale of cannabis for medicinal and recreational use. The Lancet, 394(10208), 1580–1590. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(19)31789-1
  • Health Canada (2017). Canadian Tobacco, Alcohol and Drugs Survey (CTADS): Summary of results for 2017. Government of Canada. Retrieved from https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/canadian-tobacco-alcohol-drugs-survey/2017-summary.html
  • Hutz, C. S., Zanon, C., & Bardagi, M. P. (2014). Satisfação de vida. In C. S. Hutz (Ed.), Avaliação em psicologia positiva (pp. 43–47). Artmed.
  • IMB Corp (2015). IBM SPSS Statistics for windows, version 23.0. IBM Corp.
  • Jacobus, J., & Tapert, S. F. (2014). Effects of cannabis on the adolescent brain. Current Pharmaceutical Design, 20(13), 2186–2193. https://doi.org/10.2174/13816128113199990426
  • Laranjeira, R., Madruga, C. S., Pinsky, I., Caetano, R., & Mitsuhiro, S. S. (2014). II Levantamento Nacional de Álcool e Drogas (LENAD) – 2012 [II National Survey on Alcohol and Drugs (LENAD) – 2012]. Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia para Políticas Públicas de Álcool e Outras Drogas. https://inpad.org.br/lenad/resultados/relatorio-final/
  • Lev-Ran, S., Roerecke, M., Le Foll, B., George, T. P., McKenzie, K., & Rehm, J. (2014). The association between cannabis use and depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. Psychological Medicine, 44(4), 797–810. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291713001438
  • Looby, A., & Earleywine, M. (2010). Gender moderates the impact of stereotype threat on cognitive function in cannabis users. Addictive Behaviors, 35(9), 834–839. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2010.04.004
  • Maia, L. O., Daldegan-Bueno, D., & Fischer, B. (2021). Opioid use, regulation, and harms in Brazil: A comprehensive narrative overview of available data and indicators. Substance Abuse Treatment, Prevention, and Policy, 16(1), 12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13011-021-00348-z
  • Manning, K., Garey, L., Paulus, D. J., Buckner, J. D., Hogan, J. B. D., Schmidt, N. B., & Zvolensky, M. J. (2019). Typology of cannabis use among adults: A latent class approach to risk and protective factors. Addictive Behaviors, 92, 6–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2018.12.008
  • Moore, T. H. M., Zammit, S., Lingford-Hughes, A., Barnes, T. R. E., Jones, P. B., Burke, M., & Lewis, G. (2007). Cannabis use and risk of psychotic or affective mental health outcomes: A systematic review. The Lancet, 370(9584), 319–328. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61162-3
  • Murray, R. M., Quigley, H., Quattrone, D., Englund, A., & Di Forti, M. (2016). Traditional marijuana, high-potency cannabis and synthetic cannabinoids: Increasing risk for psychosis. World Psychiatry: Official Journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA), 15(3), 195–204. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20341
  • OECD (2013). OECD guidelines on measuring subjective well-being. OECD Publishing, Paris. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264191655-en
  • Otsuka Nunes, L. Y., Campos Lopes Lemos, D., de Castro Ribas Júnior, R., Brandão Behar, C., & Pires dos Santos, P. P. (2019). Análise psicométrica da PANAS no Brasil. Ciencias Psicológicas, 13, 45–55. http://www.scielo.edu.uy/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1688-42212019000100045&nrm=iso
  • Peacock, A., Leung, J., Larney, S., Colledge, S., Hickman, M., Rehm, J., Giovino, G. A., West, R., Hall, W., Griffiths, P., Ali, R., Gowing, L., Marsden, J., Ferrari, A. J., Grebely, J., Farrell, M., & Degenhardt, L. (2018). Global statistics on alcohol, tobacco and illicit drug use: 2017 status report. Addiction (Abingdon, England), 113(10), 1905–1926. https://doi.org/10.1111/add.14234
  • SAMHSA (2019). Key substance use and mental health indicators in the United States: Results from the 2018 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Retrieved from: https://www.samhsa.gov/data/sites/default/files/cbhsq-reports/NSDUHNationalFindingsReport2018/NSDUHNationalFindingsReport2018.pdf
  • Schlossarek, S., Kempkensteffen, J., Reimer, J., & Verthein, U. (2016). Psychosocial determinants of cannabis dependence: A systematic review of the literature. European Addiction Research, 22(3), 131–144. https://doi.org/10.1159/000441777
  • Skevington, S. M., & Böhnke, J. R. (2018). How is subjective well-being related to quality of life? Do we need two concepts and both measures? Social Science and Medicine (1982), 206, 22–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.04.005
  • Smith, G. W., Farrell, M., Bunting, B. P., Houston, J. E., & Shevlin, M. (2011). Patterns of polydrug use in Great Britain: Findings from a national household population survey. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 113(2-3), 222–228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.08.010
  • Subbaraman, M. S., & Kerr, W. C. (2015). Simultaneous versus concurrent use of alcohol and cannabis in the National Alcohol Survey. Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research, 39(5), 872–879. https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.12698
  • Tomczyk, S., Isensee, B., & Hanewinkel, R. (2016). Latent classes of polysubstance use among adolescents-a systematic review. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 160, 12–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2015.11.035
  • Toothaker, L. E. (1992). Multiple comparison procedures. Sage Publications.
  • Trenz, R. C., Scherer, M., Duncan, A., Harrell, P. T., Moleko, A. G., & Latimer, W. W. (2013). Latent class analysis of polysubstance use, sexual risk behaviors, and infectious disease among South African drug users. Drug and Alcohol Dependence, 132(3), 441–448. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2013.03.004
  • Troup, L. J., Andrzejewski, J. A., Braunwalder, J. T., & Torrence, R. D. (2016). The relationship between cannabis use and measures of anxiety and depression in a sample of college campus cannabis users and non-users post state legalization in Colorado. PeerJ, 4, e2782 https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2782
  • UNODC (2019). World drug report 2019. United Nations Publication. https://wdr.unodc.org/wdr2019/
  • UNODC (2020a). Annex of the world drug report 2020. United Nations Publication. https://wdr.unodc.org/wdr2020/en/maps-and-tables.html
  • UNODC (2020b). World drug report 2020. United Nations Publication. https://wdr.unodc.org/wdr2020
  • Van Dam, N. T., Earleywine, M., & DiGiacomo, G. (2008). Polydrug use, cannabis, and psychosis-like symptoms. Human Psychopharmacology, 23(6), 475–485. https://doi.org/10.1002/hup.950
  • Volkow, N. D., Baler, R. D., Compton, W. M., & Weiss, S. R. B. (2014). Adverse health effects of marijuana use. The New England Journal of Medicine, 370(23), 2219–2227. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMra1402309
  • Volkow, N. D., Swanson, J. M., Evins, A. E., DeLisi, L. E., Meier, M. H., Gonzalez, R., Bloomfield, M. A. P., Curran, H. V., & Baler, R. (2016). Effects of cannabis use on human behavior, including cognition, motivation, and psychosis: A review. JAMA Psychiatry, 73(3), 292–297. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2015.3278
  • Watson, D., Clark, L. A., & Tellegen, A. (1988). Development and validation of brief measures of positive and negative affect: The PANAS scales. Copyright © 1988 by the American Psychological Association. Reproduced with permission. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54(6), 1063–1070. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.54.6.1063
  • WHO. (1998). The World Health Organization Quality of Life Assessment (WHOQOL): Development and general psychometric properties. Social Science & Medicine, 46(12), 1569–1585. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0277-9536(98)00009-4
  • WHO (2016). The health and social effects of nonmedical cannabis use. WHO Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data.
  • WHOQOL (1996). WHOQOL-BREF: Introduction, administration, scoring and generic version of the assessment - field trial version, December 1996. World Health Organization. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/63529
  • WHOQOL. (1998). Development of the World Health Organization WHOQOL-BREF quality of life assessment. The WHOQOL Group. Psychological Medicine, 28(3), 551–558. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291798006667
  • Winstock, A., Barratt, M., Ferris, J., & Maier, L. (2017). Global drugs survey 2017: Global overview and highlights. https://www.globaldrugsurvey.com/wp-content/themes/globaldrugsurvey/results/GDS2017_key-findings-report_final.pdf
  • Yuferov, V., Butelman, E. R., & Kreek, M. J. (2018). Gender-specific association of functional prodynorphin 68 bp repeats with cannabis exposure in an African American cohort. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 14, 1025–1034. https://doi.org/10.2147/NDT.S159954
  • Yurasek, A. M., Aston, E. R., & Metrik, J. (2017). Co-use of alcohol and cannabis: A review. Current Addiction Reports, 4(2), 184–193. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40429-017-0149-8
  • Zanon, C., Bardagi, M. P., Layous, K., & Hutz, C. S. (2014). Validation of the Satisfaction with Life Scale to Brazilians: Evidences of measurement noninvariance across Brazil and US. Social Indicators Research, 119(1), 443–453. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-013-0478-5
  • Zanon, C., & Hutz, C. S. (2014). Escala de afetos positivos e afetos negativos. In C. S. Hutz (Ed.), Avaliação em psicologia positiva (pp. 63–68). Artmed.
  • Zigmond, A. S., & Snaith, R. P. (1983). The hospital anxiety and depression scale. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 67(6), 361–370. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0447.1983.tb09716.x

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.