321
Views
9
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Effects of L-carnitine in the Gestating Sow Diet on Fetal Muscle Development and Carcass Characteristics of the Offspring

, , , , , & show all
Pages 105-111 | Published online: 11 Nov 2011

References

  • Bassett , N. S. , Oliver , M. H. , Breier , B. H. and Gluckman , P. D. 1990 . The effect of maternal starvation of plasma insulin-like growth factor I concentration in the late gestation ovine fetus . Pediatr. Res. , 27 : 401 – 404 .
  • Birkenfeld , C. , Ramanau , A. , Kluge , H. , Spike , J. and Eder , K. 2005 . Effect of dietary L-carnitine supplementation on growth performance of piglets from control sows or sows treated with L-carnitine during pregnancy . J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. , 89 : 277 – 283 .
  • Doberenz , J. , Birkenfeld , C. , Kluge , H. and Eder , K. Online publication date: 12-May-2006 Effects of L-carnitine supplementation in pregnant sows on plasma concentrations of insulin-like growth factors, various hormones and metabolites and chorion characteristics . J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. , doi: 10.1111/j. 1439–0396.2006.00631
  • Dwyer , C. M. , Stickland , N. C. and Fletcher , J. M. 1994 . The influence of maternal nutrition on muscle fiber number development in the porcine fetus and on subsequent postnatal growth . J. Anim. Sci. , 72 : 911 – 917 .
  • Eder , K. , Ramanau , A. and Kluge , H. 2001 . Effect of L-carnitine supplementation on performance parameters in gilts and sows . J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nut. , 85 : 73 – 80 .
  • Guth , L. and Samaha , F. J. 1970 . Research note: procedure for the histochemical demonstration of actomyosin ATP ase . Exp. Neurol. , 28 : 365 – 367 .
  • Handel , S. E. and Stickland , N. C. 1987 . Muscle cellularity and birth weight . Anim. Prod. , 44 : 311 – 317 .
  • Magri , K. A. , Ewton , D. Z. and Florini , J. R. 1991 . “ The role of the IGFs in myogenic differentiation ” . In Molecular Biology and Physiology of Insulin and Insulin-like Growth Factors , Edited by: Raizada , M. K. and LeRoith , D. 57 – 76 . New York : Plenum Press .
  • Musser , R. E. , Goodband , R. D. , Tokach , M. D. , Owen , K. Q. , Nelssen , J. L. , Blum , S. A. , Dritz , S. S. and Civis , C. A. 1999 . Effects of L-carnitine fed during gestation and lactation on sow and litter performance . J. Anim. Sci. , 77 : 3289 – 3295 .
  • Musser , R. E. , Davis , D. L. , Tokach , M. D. , Nelssen , J. L. , Dritz , S. S. and Goodband , R. D. 2006 . Effects of high feed intake during early gestation on sow performance and offspring growth and carcass characteristics . Anim. Feed Sci. Tech. , 127 : 187 – 199 .
  • Owen , K. Q. , Ji , H. , Maxwell , C. V. , Nelssen , J. L. , Goodband , R. D. , Tokach , M. D. , Tremblay , G. C. and Koo , S. I. 2001 . Dietary L-carnitine suppresses mitochondrial branch-chain keto acid dehydrogenase activity and enhances protein accretion and carcass characteristics of swine . J. Anim. Sci. , 79 : 3104 – 3113 .
  • Parvin , R. and Pandle , S. V. 1977 . Microdetermination of (-) carnitine and carnitine acetyl transferase . Anal. Biochem. , 79 : 190 – 201 .
  • Ramanau , A. , Kluge , H. , Spilke , J. and Eder , K. 2002 . Reproductive performance of sows supplemented with dietary L-carnitine over three reproductive cycles . Arch. Anim. Nutr. , 56 : 287 – 296 .
  • Ramanau , A. , Kluge , H. , Spilke , J. and Eder , K. 2004 . Supplementation of sows with L-carnitine during pregnancy and lactation improves growth of the piglets during the suckling period through increased milk production . J. Nutr. , 134 : 86 – 92 .
  • Ramanau , A. , Schmidt , R. , Kluge , H. and Eder , K. 2006 . Body composition, muscle fibre characteristics and postnatal growth capacity of pigs born from sows supplemented with L-carnitine . Arch. Anim. Nutr. , 60 : 110 – 118 .
  • Rehfeldt , C. , Fiedler , I. , Weikard , R. , Kanitz , E. and Ender , K. 1993 . It is possible to increase skeletal muscle fibre number in utero . Bioscience reports , 13 : 213 – 220 .
  • Sterle , J. A. , Cantley , T. C. , Lamberson , W. R. , Lucy , M. C. , Gerrard , D. E. , Matteri , R. L. and Day , B. N. 1995 . Effects of recombinant porcine somatotropin on placental size, fetal growth, and IGF-I and IGF-II concentrations in pigs . J. Anim. Sci. , 73 : 2980 – 2985 .
  • Suzuki , A. and Cassens , R. G. 1980 . A histochemical study of myofiber types in muscle of the growing pig . J. Anim. Sci. , 51 : 1449 – 1461 .
  • Waylan , A. T. , Kayser , J. P. , Gnad , D. P. , Higgins , J. J. , Starkey , J. D. , Sissom , E. K. , Woodworth , J. C. and Johnson , B. J. 2005 . Effects of L-carnitine on fetal growth and the IGF system in pigs . J. Anim. Sci. , 83 : 1824 – 1831 .
  • Wigmore , P. M. and Stickland , N. C. 1983 . Muscle development in large and small pig foetuses . J. Anat. , 137 : 235 – 245 .
  • Woodworth , J. C. , Tokach , M. D. , Nelssen , J. L. , Goodband , R. D. , Dritz , S. S. , Minton , J. E. and Owen , K. Q. 2002 . Influence of carnitine and/or chromium on blood parameters of gestating sows . J. Anim. Sci. , 80 ( Supp. 1 ) (Abstr.)

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.