Effects of Dietary Calcium Levels on Growth-performance and Digestive Function in Cattle Fed a High-fat Finishing Diet

References

• AOAC . 1984 . Official Methods of Analysis, , 12th ed , Washington, D.C. : Association of Official Analytical Chemists .
   Google Scholar
• Bergen , W. G. , Purser , D. B. and Cline , J. H. 1968 . Effect of ration on the nutritive quality of rumen microbial protein . J. Anim. Sci. , 27 : 1497 – 1501 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bock , B. J. , Harmon , D. L. , Brandt , R. T. Jr. and Schneider , J. E. 1991 . Fat source and calcium level effects on finishing steer performance, digestion and metabolism . J. Anim. Sci. , 69 : 2211 – 2224 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drackley , J. K. , Clark , A. K. and Sahlu , T. 1985 . Ration digestibilities and ruminal characteristics in steers fed sunflower seeds with additional calcium . J. Dairy Sci. , 68 : 356 – 367 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hatch , C. F. , Perry , T. W. , Mohler , M. T. and Beeson , W. M. 1972 . Effect of added fat with graded levels of calcium and urea-containing rations for beef cattle . J. Anim. Sci. , 34 : 483 – 487 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hill , F. N. and Anderson , D. L. 1958 . Comparison of metabolizable energy and productive determinations with growing chicks . J. Nutr. , 64 : 587 – 603 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goering , H. K. and Soest , P. J. 1970 . Forage fiber analysis (apparatus, reagents, procedures and some applications). Agric , Washington, DC : ARS, USDA . Handbook No 379
   Google Scholar
• Lofgreen , G. P. and Garrett , W. N. 1968 . A system for expressing net energy requirements and feed values for growing and finishing beef cattle . J. Anim. Sci. , 27 : 793 – 806 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lopez , J. R. , Montaño , M. F. , Plascencia , A. , Salinas-Chavira , J. and Zinn , R. A. 2007 . Dietary phosphorus requirements of Holstein steers during early growing period . J. Appl. Anim. Res. , 31 : 113 – 115 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morris , T. R. 1999 . Experimental Design and Analysis in Animal Sciences , New York : CABI Publishing .
   Google Scholar
• NRC . 1984 . Nutrient Requirement of Beef Cattle, , 6th edition , Washington, D.C. : National Academy Press .
   Google Scholar
• NRC . 1996 . Nutrient Requirement of Beef Cattle, , 7th edition , Washington, D.C. : National Academy Press .
   Google Scholar
• Pond , G. W. , Church , D. C. , Pond , K. R. and Schoknecht , P. A. 2005 . Basic Animal Nutrition and Feeding, , 5th edition , USA : John Willey & Sons, Inc. .
   Google Scholar
• Underwood , E. J. and Suttle , N. F. 2001 . The Mineral Nutrition of Livestock, , 3rd edition , New York : CABI Publishing .
   Google Scholar
• USDA . 1965 . Official United States Standars for Grades of Carcass Beef , United States Department of Agriculture .
   Google Scholar
• Wolin , M. J. 1960 . A theoretical rumen fermentation balance . J. Dairy Sci. , 43 : 1452 – 1459 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zinn , R. A. and Owens , F. N. 1986 . A rapid procedure for purine measurement and its use for estimating net ruminal protein synthesis . Can. J. Anim. Sci. , 66 : 157 – 166 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zinn , R. A. and Shen , Y. 1996 . Interaction of dietary calcium and supplemental fat on digestive function and growth performance of feedlot steers . J. Anim. Sci. , 74 : 2303 – 2309 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zinn , R. A. , Calderon , J. F. , Corona , L. , Plascencia , A. and Torrentera , N. 2007 . Phase feeding strategies to meet metabolizable amino acid requirements of calf-fed holstein steers . Professional Animal Scientist , 23 : 333 – 339 .
   Google Scholar