References
- Andrade, R., K.L. Larson, D.M. Hondula, and J. Franklin. 2019. “Social–Spatial Analyses of Attitudes toward the Desert in a South-western U.S. City.” Annals of the American Association of Geographers 109 (6): 1845–1864. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/24694452.2019.1580498.
- Anselin, L. 1995. “Local Indicators of Spatial association—LISA.” Geographical Analysis 27: 93–115. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-4632.1995.tb00338.x.
- Apotsos, A. 2019. “Mapping Relative Social Vulnerability in Six Mostly Urban Municipalities in South Africa.” Applied Geography 105: 86–101. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2019.02.012.
- Baierl, T., B. Johnson, and F.X. Bogne. 2021. “Assessing Environmental Attitudes and Cognitive Achievement within 9 Years of Informal Earth Education.” Sustainability 13 (7): 3622. doi:https://doi.org/10.3390/su13073622.
- Borden, R., and A. Schettino. 1979. “Determinants of Environmental Responsible Behavior: Facts or Feelings?” Journal of Environmental Education 10 (4): 35–39. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00958964.1979.9941906.
- Breetzke, G. D., and A. L. Pearson. 2014. “The Fear Factor: Examining the Spatial Variability of Recorded Crime on the Fear of Crime.” Applied Geography 46: 45–52. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2013.10.009.
- Brown, G., C.M. Raymond, and J. Corcoran. 2015. “Mapping and Measuring Place Attachment.” Applied Geography 57: 42–53. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2014.12.011.
- Brown, G., P. Reed, and C.M. Raymond. 2020. “Mapping Place Values: 10 Lessons from Two Decades of Public Participation GIS Empirical Research.” Applied Geography 116: 102–156. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2020.102156.
- Chapin, F.S., and C.N. Knapp. 2015. “Sense of Place: A Process for Identifying and Negotiating Potentially Contested Visions of Sustainability.” Environmental Science & Policy 53: 38–46. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2015.04.012.
- Chen, N.C., and L. Dwyer. 2018. “Residents’ Place Satisfaction and Place Attachment on Destination Brand-Building Behaviours: Conceptual and Empirical Differentiation.” Journal of Travel Research 57 (8): 1026–1041. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287517729760.
- Chen, X, M.N. Pieterson, V. Hull, C. Lu, G.D. Lee, D. Hong, and J. Liu. 2011. “Effects of Attitudinal and Sociodemographic Factors on Pro-environmental Behaviour in Urban China.” Environmental Conservation 38: 45–52. doi:https://doi.org/10.1017/S037689291000086X.
- Cheruiyot, K., C. Wray, and S. Katumba. 2015. “Spatial Statistical Analysis of Dissatisfaction with the Performance of Local Government in the Gauteng City-Region, South Africa.” South African Journal of Geomatics 4 (3): 224–239. doi:https://doi.org/10.4314/sajg.v4i3.4.
- Cheung, T.O., and L.H. Hui. 2018. “Influence of Residents’ Place Attachment on Heritage Forest Conservation Awareness in a Peri-urban Area of Guangzhou, China.” Urban Forestry and Urban Greening 33: 37–45. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2018.05.004.
- Chigeza, S., V. Roos, and K. Puren. 2013. “Here We Help Each Other”: Sense of Community of People Subjected to Forced Removals.” Journal of Psychology in Africa 23 (1): 97–100. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2013.10820599.
- Cundill, G., J.C. Bezerra, A. De Vos, and N. Ntingana. 2017. “Beyond Benefit Sharing: Place Attachment and the Importance of Access to Protected Areas for Surrounding Communities.” Ecosystem Services 28 (B): 140–148. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoser.2017.03.011.
- Daryanto, A., and Z. Song. 2021. “A Meta-analysis of the Relationship between Place Attachment and Pro-environmental Behaviour.” Journal of Business Research 123: 208–219. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.09.045.
- Dominiques, R., and G. Gonçalves. 2018. “Assessing Environmental Attitudes in Portugal Using a New Short Version of the Environmental Attitudes Inventory.” Centre for Marine and Environmental Research 1: 1–18.
- Gao, Y., J. Cheng, H. Meng, and Y. Liu. 2019. “Measuring Spatiotemporal Autocorrelation in Time Series Data of Collective Human Mobility.” Geo-spatial Information Science 22 (3): 166–173. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/10095020.2019.1643609.
- GCRO. 2015. Quality of Life Survey 2015. Johannesburg: Gauteng City Region Observatory. Accessed 06 June 2018. http://www.gcro.ac.za/research/project/detail/quality-of-lifesurvey-iv-2015/
- GCRO. 2019. GCRO Quality of Life Survey V (2018): Data Report. Johannesburg: Gauteng City Region Observatory.
- Getis, A., and J.K. Ord. 2010. “The Analysis of Spatial Association by Use of Distance Statistics.” Geographical Analysis 24 (3): 189–206. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1538-4632.1992.tb00261.x.
- Giddy, J.K., and N.L. Webb. 2018. “Environmental Values and Adventure Tourism Motivations.” GeoJournal 83: 1–15. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10708-017-9768-9.
- Heidari, K., S. Heydarinejad, M. Saffari, and A. Khatibi. 2019. “Investigating the Leisure Behavior of Iranians: The Structural Model of Serious Leisure, Recreation Specialization and Place Attachment.” Journal of Policy Research in Tourism, Leisure and Events 13 (1): 77–93. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/19407963.2019.1694030.
- Hidalgo, M.C., and B. Hernaèndez. 2001. “Place Attachment: Conceptual and Empirical Questions.” Journal of Environmental Psychology 21: 273–281. doi:https://doi.org/10.1006/jevp.2001.0221.
- Holzer, H.J. 1991. “The Spatial Mismatch Hypothesis: What Has the Evidence Shown?” Urban Studies 28 (1): 105–122. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00420989120080071.
- Hosany, S., G. Prayag, S. Deesilatham, S. Cauševic, and K. Odeh. 2015. “Measuring Tourists’ Emotional Experiences: Further Validation of the Destination Emotion Scale.” Journal of Travel Research 54 (4): 482–495. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0047287514522878.
- Hunter, L.M., S. Strife, and W. Twine. 2010. “Environmental Perceptions of Rural South African Residents: The Complex Nature of Environmental Concern.” Society & Natural Resources 23 (6): 525–541. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/08941920903357782.
- Katumba, S., K. Cheruiyot, and D. Mushongera. 2019. “Spatial Change in the Concentration of Multidimensional Poverty in Gauteng, South Africa: Evidence from Quality of Life Survey Data.” Social Indicators Research 145: 95–115. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-019-02116-w.
- Kollmuss, A., and J. Agyeman. 2002. “Mind the Gap: Why Do People Act Environmentally and What are the Barriers to Pro-environmental Behavior?” Environmental Education Research 8 (3): 239–260. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/13504620220145401.
- Le, K.G., P. Liu, and L. Lin. 2020. “Determining the Road Traffic Accident Hotspots Using GIS-based Temporal-spatial Statistical Analytic Techniques in Hanoi, Vietnam.” Geo-spatial Information Science 23 (2): 153–164. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/10095020.2019.1683437.
- Lewicka, M. 2011. “Place Attachment: How Far Have We Come in the Last 40 Years?” Journal of Environmental Psychology 3 (31): 207–230. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2010.10.001.
- Mesch, G.S., and O. Manor. 1998. “Social Ties, Environmental Perception and Local Attachment.” Environment and Behaviour 30: 504–519.
- Moran, P.A.P. 1950. “Notes on Continuous Stochastic Phenomena.” Biometrika 37: 17–23. doi:https://doi.org/10.1093/biomet/37.1-2.17.
- Nyapokoto, R. 2014. “The Road between Sandton and Alexandra Township: A Fanonian Approach to the Study of Poverty and Privilege in South Africa.” Masters diss., University of South Africa, South Africa.
- Orkin, M. 2020. Technical Review of the GCRO QoL Surveys: Synthesis Report. Johannesburg: Gauteng City-Region Observatory. Accessed 20 October 2020. https://gcro.ac.za/research/project/detail/quality-life-survey-10-year-review/
- Pearson, A. L., G. D. Breetzke, and V. Ivory. 2015. “The Effect of Neighborhood Recorded Crime on Fear: Does Neighborhood Social Context Matter?” American Journal of Community Psychology 56: 170–179. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10464-015-9741-z.
- Peberdy, S., P. Harrison, and Y. Dinath. 2017. Uneven Spaces: Central and Periphery in the Gauteng City-Region, 1–315. Johannesburg: Gauteng City-Region Observatory.
- Philippsen, S.J., F.H. Angeoletto, and R.G. Santana. 2017. “Education Level and Income are Important for Good Environmental Awareness: A Case Study from South Brazil.” Ecología Austral 27 (1): 39–44.
- Qu, Y., F. Xu, and X. Lyu. 2017. “Motivational Place Attachment Dimensions and the Pro Environmental Behaviour Intention of Mass Tourists: A Moderated Mediation Model.” Current Issues in Tourism 22 (2): 197–217. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/13683500.2017.1399988.
- Ramkissoon, H., and F. T. Mavondo. 2017. “Pro-environmental Behavior: Critical Link between Satisfaction and Place Attachment in Australia and Canada.” Tourism Analysis 22 (1): 59–73. doi:https://doi.org/10.3727/108354217X14828625279735.
- Ramkissoon, H., B. Weiler, and L.G.D. Smith. 2013. “Relationships between Place Attachment, Place Satisfaction and Pro-environmental Behaviour in an Australian National Park.” Journal of Sustainable Tourism 21 (3): 434–457. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2012.708042.
- Raymond, M. 2010. “The Measurement Place Attachment: Personal, Community and Environmental Connections.” Journal of Environmental Psychology 30 (4): 422–434. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2010.08.002.
- Roos, V. 2008. “The Mmogo-Method: Discovering Symbolic Community Interactions.” Journal of Psychology in Africa 18 (4): 659–668. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/14330237.2008.10820249.
- Schultz, P.W., L. Taciano, R.C. Molfont, G.T. Trou, G. Chance, S. Lius, K. Ando, et al. 2014. “Cross-cultural Evidence for Spatial Bias in Beliefs about the Severity of Environmental Problems.” Environment and Behaviour 46 (3): 267–302. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916512458579.
- Scotts, D., and F.K. Willits. 1994. “Environmental Attitudes and Behaviour: A Pennyslavia Survey.” Environment and Behaviour 2: 239–260. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/001391659402600206.
- Shaoa, Y., and B. Liu. 2017. “Place Attachment Assessment System in Contemporary Urbanism.” Procedia Engineering 198: 152–168. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.07.079.
- Shen, J., and T. Saijo. 2007. “The Socioeconomic Determinants of Individual Environmental Concern: Evidence from Shanghai Data.” Osaka School of International Public Policy, Osaka University. Accessed 06 June 2018. http://files/131/07e003.html
- Stats SA. 2011. Mid-Year Population Estimate 2011: Statistical Release P0302. Pretoria: Statistics South Africa.
- Stedman, R.C. 2003. “Is It Really Just a Social Construction? the Contribution of the Physical Environment to Sense of Place.” Society & Natural Resources 16 (8): 671–685. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/08941920309189.
- Thogersen, J. 2006. “Norms for Environmentally Responsible Behaviour: An Extended Taxonomy.” Journal of Environmental Psychology 26: 247–261. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2006.09.004.
- Tobler, W.R. 1970. “A Computer Movie Simulating Urban Growth in the Detroit Region.” Economic Geography 46: 234–240. doi:https://doi.org/10.2307/143141.
- Triandis, H.C. 1979. “Values, Attitudes and Interpersonal Behavior.” In Nebraska Symposium on Motivation, no. 27: 195–259. University of Nebraska Press.
- Van Liere, K.D., and R.E. Dunlap. 1981. “Environmental Concern: Does It Make a Difference How It’s Measured?” Environment and Behaviour 13: 651–676. doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916581136001.
- Van Veelen, B., and C. Haggett. 2017. “Uncommon Ground: The Role of Different Place Attachments in Explaining Community Renewable Energy Projects.” Sociologia Ruralis 57: 533–554. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/soru.12128.
- Yang, C., Q. Zhan, S. Gao, and H. Liu. 2020. “Characterizing the Spatial and Temporal Variation of the Land Surface Temperature Hotspots in Wuhan from a Local Scale.” Geo-spatial Information Science 23 (4): 327–340. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/10095020.2020.1834882.
- Zube, E.H. 1987. “Perceived Land Use Patterns and Landscape Values.” Landscape Ecology 1 (1): 37–45. doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02275264.