Extraction, modification, and characterization of natural ligno-cellulosic fiber strands from napier grass

References

• Fuqua, M. A., S. Huo, and C. A. Ulven. 2012. Natural fiber reinforced composites. Polym. Rev. 52(3):259–320.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thakur, V. K., M. K. Thakur, and R. K. Gupta. 2014. Review: Raw natural fiber–based polymer composites. Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. 19(3):256–271.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pandey, J. K., S. H. Ahn, C. S. Lee, A. K. Mohanty, and M. Misra. 2010. Recent advances in the application of natural fiber based composites. Macromol. Mater. Eng. 295(11):975–989.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reddy, N., and Y. Yang. 2005. Biofibers from agricultural byproducts for industrial applications. Trends Biotechnol. 23(1):22–27.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fowler, P. A., J. M. Hughes, and R. M. Elias. 2006. Biocomposites: Technology, environmental credentials and market forces. J. Sci. Food Agric. 86(12):1781–1789.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Ferranti, D., G. E. Perry, D. Lederman, and W. E. Maloney. 2002. From Natural Resources to the Knowledge Economy: Trade and Job Quality. Washington, DC: World Bank.
   Google Scholar
• Rowell, R. M., A. R. Sanadi, D. F. Caulfield, and R. E. Jacobson. 1997. Utilization of natural fibers in plastic composites: Problems and opportunities. In Lignocellulosic-Plastic Composites, ed. A. L. Leao F. X. Carvalho and E. Frollini. São Paulo, Brazil: USP-UNESP, pp. 23–51.
   Google Scholar
• Valadez-Gonzalez, A., J. M. Cervantes-Uc, R. Olayo, and P. J. Herrera-Franco. 1999. Effect of fiber surface treatment on the fiber–matrix bond strength of natural fiber reinforced composites. Composites Part B: Eng. 30(3):309–320.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohanty, A. K., M. Misra, and L. T. Drzal. 2001. Surface modifications of natural fibers and performance of the resulting biocomposites: An overview. Compos. Interfaces 8(5):313–343.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kalia, S., B. S. Kaith, and I. Kaur. 2009. Pretreatments of natural fibers and their application as reinforcing material in polymer composites—A review. Polym. Eng. Sci. 49(7):1253–1272.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mukhopadhyay, S., and R. Fangueiro. 2009. Physical modification of natural fibers and thermoplastic films for composites—A review. J. Thermoplast. Compos. Mater. 22(2):135–162.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• John, M. J., and R. D. Anandjiwala. 2008. Recent developments in chemical modification and characterization of natural fiber-reinforced composites. Polym. Compos. 29(2):187–207.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xie, Y., C. A. Hill, Z. Xiao, H. Militz, and C. Mai. 2010. Silane coupling agents used for natural fiber/polymer composites: A review. Composites Part A: Appl. Sci. Manuf. 41(7):806–819.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maheswari, C. U., K. O. Reddy, E. Muzenda, and A. V. Rajulu. 2012. Tensile and thermal properties of polycarbonate-coated tamarind fruit fibers. Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. 17(8):578–589.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kabir, M. M., H. Wang, K. T. Lau, and F. Cardona. 2012. Chemical treatments on plant-based natural fibre reinforced polymer composites: An overview. Composites Part B: Eng. 43(7):2883–2892.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thakur, V. K., A. S. Singha, I. Kaur, R. P. Nagarajarao, and Y. Liping. 2010. Silane functionalization of Saccaharum cilliare fibers: Thermal, morphological, and physicochemical study. Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. 15(7):397–414.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beckermann, G. W., and K. L. Pickering. 2008. Engineering and evaluation of hemp fibre reinforced polypropylene composites: Fibre treatment and matrix modification. Composites Part A: Appl. Sci. Manuf. 39(6):979–988.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reddy, K. O., M. Shukla, C. U. Maheswari, and A. V. Rajulu. 2012. Evaluation of mechanical behavior of chemically modified Borassus fruit short fiber/unsaturated polyester composites. J. Compos. Mater. 46(23):2987–2998.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Woodard, K. R., and G. M. Prine. 1993. Dry matter accumulation of elephantgrass, energycane, and elephantmillet in a subtropical climate. Crop Sci. 33(4):818–824.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wise, L. E., M. Murphy, and A. A. D’Addieco. 1946. Chlorite holocellulose: Its fractionation and bearing on summative wood analysis and on studies on the hemicellulose. Pap. Trade J. 122(2):35–43.
   Google Scholar
• Segal, L., J. J. Creely, A. E. Martin, Jr., and C. M. Conrad. 1959. An empirical method for estimating the degree of crystallinity of native cellulose using the X-ray diffractometer. Text. Res. J. 29(10):786–794.
   Google Scholar
• Patterson, A. L. 1939. The Scherrer formula for X-ray particle size determination. Phys. Rev. 56(10):978–982.
   Google Scholar
• Akil, H., M. F. Omar, A. A. M. Mazuki, S. Z. A. M. Safiee, Z. A. M. Ishak, and A. A. Bakar. 2011. Kenaf fiber reinforced composites: A review. Mater. Des. 32(8):4107–4121.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sarikanat, M., Y. Seki, K. Sever, and C. Durmuşkahya. 2014. Determination of properties of Althaea officinalis L. (marshmallow) fibres as a potential plant fibre in polymeric composite materials. Composites Part B: Eng. 57:180–186.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reddy, K. O., C. U. Maheswari, M. Shukla, J. I. Song, and A. V. Rajulu. 2013. Tensile and structural characterization of alkali treated Borassus fruit fine fibers. Composites Part B: Eng. 44(1):433–438.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reddy, K. O., K. R. N. Reddy, J. Zhang, J. Zhang, and A. V. Rajulu. 2013. Effect of alkali treatment on the properties of century fiber. J. Nat. Fibers 10(3):282–296.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suryanto, H., E. Marsyahyo, Y. S. Irawan, and R. Soenoko. 2014. Morphology, structure, and mechanical properties of natural cellulose fiber from mendong grass (Fimbristylis globulosa). J. Nat. Fibers 11(4):333–351.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reddy, K. O., B. Ashok, K. R. N. Reddy, Y. E. Feng, J. Zhang, and A. V. Rajulu. 2014. Extraction and characterization of novel lignocellulosic fibers from Thespesia lampas plant. Int. J. Polym. Anal. Charact. 19(1):48–61.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reddy, K. O., B. R. Guduri, and A. V. Rajulu. 2009. Structural characterization and tensile properties of borassus fruit fibers. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 114(1):603–611.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maheswari, C. U., K. O. Reddy, E. Muzenda, B. R. Guduri, and A. V. Rajulu. 2012. Extraction and characterization of cellulose microfibrils from agricultural residue–Cocos nucifera L. Biomass Bioenergy 46:555–563.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang, H., R. Yan, H. Chen, D. H. Lee, and C. Zheng. 2007. Characteristics of hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin pyrolysis. Fuel 86(12):1781–1788.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar