References
- Abdollahian , M. and Kang , K. 2008 . In search of structure: the nonlinear dynamics of power transitions . International Interactions , 34 (4) : 333 – 357 .
- Aizenman , J. and Glick , R. 2006 . Military expenditures, threats and growth . Journal of International Trade & Economic Development , 15 (2) : 129 – 155 .
- Alesina , A. and Spolaore , E. 2006 . Conflict, defense spending, and the number of nations . European Economic Review , 50 (1) : 91 – 120 .
- Chen , B. and Zhao , L. 2006 . The determinants of China’s defense expenditure before and after transition . Conflict Management and Peace Science , 23 (3) : 227 – 244 .
- Christensen , T. 2006 . Fostering stability or creating a monster? the rise of China and U.S. policy toward East Asia . International Security , 31 (1) : 81 – 126 .
- Conybeare , J. A. C. and Sandler , T. 1990 . The triple entente and the alliance 1880–1914: a collective goods approach . American Political Science Review , 84 (4) : 197 – 206 .
- Dunne , P. J. , Smith , R. and Willenbockel , D. 2005 . Models of military expenditure and growth: a critical review . Defence and Peace Economics , 16 (6) : 449 – 461 .
- Fritz‐Aβmus , D. and Zimmermann , K. 1990 . “ West German demand for defense spending ” . In The Economics of Defense Spending , Edited by: Hartly , K. and Sandler , T. 118 – 147 . London : Routledge .
- Garfinkel , M. R. 2004 . Stable alliance formation in distributional conflict . European Journal of Political Economy , 20 (4) : 829 – 852 .
- Garrett , B. and Glaser , B. 1997 . Chinese apprehensions about revitalization of the U.S.—Japan alliance . Asian Survey , 37 (4) : 383 – 402 .
- Gonzales , R. A. and Mehay , S. L. 1991 . Burden sharing in the NATO alliance: an empirical test of alternative views . Public Choice , 68 (1‐3) : 107 – 116 .
- Goo , Y. and Kim , S. 2009 . A study on the military alliance of South Korea—United States with the existence of threat from North Korea: a public good demand approach . Empirical Economics , 36 (3) : 597 – 610 .
- Heritage Foundation . 2009 . Global U.S. Troop Deployment Dataset http://www.heritage.org/Research/NationalSecurity/troopsdb.cfm Accessed 1 September, 2009
- Hilton , B. and Vu , A. 1991 . The McGuire model and the economics of the NATO alliance . Defense Economics , 2 (2) : 105 – 121 .
- International Monetary Fund . 2009 . World Economic Outlook Database, April http://www.imf.org
- Korea Ministry of National Defense . 2008 . Defense White Paper Seoul, Korea
- Looney , R. E. and Mehay , S. L. 1990 . “ United States defence expenditures: trends and analysis ” . In The Economics of Defence Spending , Edited by: Hartly , K. and Sandler , T. 13 – 40 . London : Routledge .
- Long , A. G. and Leeds , B. A. 2006 . Trading for security: military alliances and economic agreements . Journal of Peace Research , 43 (4) : 433 – 451 .
- McGuire , M. C. 1982 . U.S. assistance, Israeli allocation, and the arms race in the Middle East . Journal of Conflict Resolution , 26 (2) : 199 – 235 .
- McGuire , M. C. 1990 . Mixed public‐private benefit and public goods supply with an application to the NATO alliance . Defense Economics , 1 (1) : 17 – 35 .
- Murdoch , J. C. and Sandler , T. 1982 . A theoretical and empirical analysis of NATO . Journal of Conflict Resolution , 26 (2) : 237 – 263 .
- Murdoch , J. C. and Sandler , T. 1984 . Complimentarily, free riding, and the military expenditure of NATO allies . Journal of Public Economics , 25 (1‐2) : 83 – 101 .
- Murdoch , J. C. and Sandler , T. 1985 . Australian demand for military expenditure: 1961–1979 . Australian Economic Papers , 44 (24) : 142 – 153 .
- Murdoch , J. C. and Sandler , T. 1986 . The political economy of Scandinavian neutrality . Scandinavian Journal of Economics , 88 (4) : 583 – 603 .
- Okamura , M. 1991 . Estimating the impact of the Soviet Union’s threat on the United States‐Japan alliance: a demand system approach . Review of Economics and Statistics , 73 (2) : 200 – 207 .
- Olson , M. and Zeckhauser , R. 1966 . An economic theory of alliances . Review of Economics and Statistics , 48 : 266 – 279 .
- Oneal , J. R. 1990 . Testing the theory of collective action: NATO defense burdens, 1950–1984 . Journal of Conflict Resolution , 34 (3) : 426 – 448 .
- Palmer , G. 1990a . Alliance politics and issue areas: determinants of defense spending . American Journal of Political Science , 34 (1) : 190 – 211 .
- Palmer , G. 1990b . Corralling the free rider: deterrence and the western alliance . International Studies Quarterly , 34 (2) : 147 – 164 .
- Pollak , R. A. and Wales , T. J. 1980 . Comparison of the quadratic expenditure system and translog demand systems with alternative specifications of demographic effects . Econometrica , 48 (3) : 595 – 612 .
- Powers , K. L. 2004 . Regional trade agreements as military alliances . International Interactions , 30 (4) : 373 – 395 .
- Roy , D. 1996 . The “China threat” issue: major arguments . Asian Survey , 36 (8) : 758 – 771 .
- Sandler , Todd . 1993 . The economic theory of alliances: a survey . The Journal of Conflict Resolution , 37 (3) : 446 – 483 .
- Sandler , Todd . 1977 . Impurity of defense: an application to the economics of alliances . Kyklos , 30 (3) : 443 – 460 .
- Sandler , T. and Forbes , J. F. 1980 . Burden sharing, strategy, and the design of NATO . Economic Inquiry , 18 (3) : 425 – 444 .
- Sandler , T. and Hartley , K. 2001 . Economics of alliances: the lessons for collective action . Journal of Economic Literature , 39 (3) : 869 – 896 .
- Sandler , T. and Murdoch , J. C. 1990 . Nash‐Cournot or Lindahl behavior?: an empirical test for the NATO allies . Quarterly Journal of Economics , 105 (4) : 875 – 894 .
- Shambaugh , D. 2004 . China engages Asia: reshaping the regional order . International Security , 29 (3) : 64 – 99 .
- Shefi , Y. and Tishler , A. 2005 . The effects of the world defense industry and US mlitary aid to Israel on the Israeli defense industry: a differentiated products model . Defence and Peace Economics , 16 (6) : 427 – 448 .
- Smith , R. P. 1980 . The demand for military expenditure . Economic Journal , 90 (363) : 811 – 820 .
- Smith , R. P. 1987 . The demand for military expenditure: a correction . Economic Journal , 7 (388) : 989 – 990 .
- Smith , R. P. 1989 . Models of military expenditure . Journal of Applied Economics , 4 (4) : 345 – 359 .
- Smith , R. P. 1990 . “ Defence spending in the United Kingdom ” . In The Economics of Defence Spending: An International Survey , Edited by: Hartly , K. and Sandler , T. 76 – 92 . London : Routledge .
- Wong , K. 1991 . Foreign trade, military alliance, and defence‐burden sharing . Defence and Peace Economics , 2 (2) : 83 – 103 .