The parallel application of karyotype interphase and metaphase FISH after DSP-30/IL-2 stimulation is necessary for the investigation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia

References

• Hallek M, Cheson BD, Catovsky D, Caligaris-Cappio F, Dighiero G, Dohner H, et al. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a report from the International Workshop on Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia updating the National Cancer Institute-Working Group 1996 guidelines. Blood. 2008;111(12):5446–56. doi: 10.1182/blood-2007-06-093906
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dohner H, Stilgenbauer S, Benner A, Leupolt E, Krober A, Bullinger L, et al.. Genomic aberrations and survival in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. N Engl J Med. 2000;343(26):1910–6. doi: 10.1056/NEJM200012283432602
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muthusamy N, Breidenbach H, Andritsos L, Flynn J, Jones J, Ramanunni A, et al.. Enhanced detection of chromosomal abnormalities in chronic lymphocytic leukemia by conventional cytogenetics using CpG oligonucleotide in combination with pokeweed mitogen and phorbol myristate acetate. Cancer Genet. 2011;204(2):77–83. doi: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2010.12.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Davids MS, Vartanov A, Werner L, Neuberg D, Dal Cin P, Brown JR. Controversial fluorescence in situ hybridization cytogenetic abnormalities in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: new insights from a large cohort. Br J Haematol. 2015;170(5):694–703. doi: 10.1111/bjh.13498
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dicker F, Schnittger S, Haferlach T, Kern W, Schoch C. Immunostimulatory oligonucleotide-induced metaphase cytogenetics detect chromosomal aberrations in 80% of CLL patients: a study of 132 CLL cases with correlation to FISH, IgVH status, and CD38 expression. Blood. 2006;108(9):3152–60. doi: 10.1182/blood-2006-02-005322
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liaw FP, Lau LC, Lim AS, Lim TH, Lee GY, Tien SL. CpG oligonucleotide and Interleukin 2 stimulation enables higher cytogenetic abnormality detection rates than 12-o-tetradecanolyphorbol-13-acetate in Asian patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL). Int J Hematol. 2014;100(6):545–53. doi: 10.1007/s12185-014-1681-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shanafelt TD, Hanson C, Dewald GW, Witzig TE, LaPlant B, Abrahamzon J, et al. Karyotype evolution on fluorescent in situ hybridization analysis is associated with short survival in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and is related to CD49d expression. J Clin Oncol. 2008;26(14):e5–6. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2008.16.7874
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haferlach C, Dicker F, Schnittger S, Kern W, Haferlach T. Comprehensive genetic characterization of CLL: a study on 506 cases analysed with chromosome banding analysis, interphase FISH, IgV(H) status and immunophenotyping. Leukemia. 2007;21(12):2442–51. doi: 10.1038/sj.leu.2404935
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heerema NA, Byrd JC, Dal Cin PS, Dell’ Aquila ML, Koduru PR, Aviram A, et al. Stimulation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells with CpG oligodeoxynucleotide gives consistent karyotypic results among laboratories: a CLL Research Consortium (CRC) Study. Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 2010;203(2):134–40. doi: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2010.07.128
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Decker T, Schneller F, Sparwasser T, Tretter T, Lipford GB, Wagner H, et al. Immunostimulatory CpG-oligonucleotides cause proliferation, cytokine production, and an immunogenic phenotype in chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells. Blood. 2000;95(3):999–1006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takeshita F, Leifer CA, Gursel I, Ishii KJ, Takeshita S, Gursel M, et al. Cutting edge: role of Toll-like receptor 9 in CpG DNA-induced activation of human cells. J Immunol. 2001;167(7):3555–8. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.167.7.3555
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Decker T, Bogner C, Oelsner M, Peschel C, Ringshausen I. Antiapoptotic effect of interleukin-2 (IL-2) in B-CLL cells with low and high affinity IL-2 receptors. Ann Hematol. 2010;89(11):1125–32. doi: 10.1007/s00277-010-0994-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buhmann R, Kurzeder C, Rehklau J, Westhaus D, Bursch S, Hiddemann W, et al. CD40L stimulation enhances the ability of conventional metaphase cytogenetics to detect chromosome aberrations in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia cells. Br J Haematol. 2002;118(4):968–75. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2141.2002.03719.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Heamatology, atlasgeneticsoncology.org
   Google Scholar
• Chapiro E, Antony-Debre I, Marchay N, Parizot C, Lesty C, Cung HA, et al. Sex chromosome loss may represent a disease-associated clonal population in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Genes Chromosomes Cancer. 2013;53(3):240–7. doi: 10.1002/gcc.22134
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karakosta M, Kalotychou V, Kostakis A, Pantelias G, Rombos I, Kouraklis G, et al. UGT1A1*28 polymorphism in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: the first investigation of the polymorphism in disease susceptibility and its specific cytogenetic abnormalities. Acta Haematol. 2013;132(1):59–67. doi: 10.1159/000355714
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karakosta M, Tsakiridou A, Korantzis I, Manola KN. Deletion of 5q as a rare abnormality in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 2010;200(2):175–9. doi: 10.1016/j.cancergencyto.2010.04.002
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mitelman Database of Chromosome Aberrations and Gene Fusions in Cancer. Cancer Genome Anatomy Project.
   Google Scholar
• Houldsworth J, Guttapalli A, Thodima V, Yan XJ, Mendiratta G, Zielonka T, et al. Genomic imbalance defines three prognostic groups for risk stratification of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Leuk Lymphoma. 2014;55(4):920–8. doi: 10.3109/10428194.2013.845882
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cavazzini F, Rizzotto L, Sofritti O, Daghia G, Cibien F, Martinelli S, et al. Clonal evolution including 14q32/IGH translocations in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: analysis of clinicobiologic correlations in 105 patients. Leuk Lymphoma. 2012;53(1):83–8. doi: 10.3109/10428194.2011.606384
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Landau DA, Carter SL, Stojanov P, McKenna A, Stevenson K, Lawrence MS, et al. Evolution and impact of subclonal mutations in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Cell. 2013;152(4):714–26. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2013.01.019
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Falisi E, Novella E, Visco C, Guercini N, Maura F, Giaretta I, et al. B-cell receptor configuration and mutational analysis of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and trisomy 12 reveal recurrent molecular abnormalities. Hematol Oncol. 2014;32(1):22–30. doi: 10.1002/hon.2086
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mayr C, Speicher MR, Kofler DM, Buhmann R, Strehl J, Busch R, et al. Chromosomal translocations are associated with poor prognosis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Blood. 2006;107(2):742–51. doi: 10.1182/blood-2005-05-2093
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baliakas P, Iskas M, Gardiner A, Davis Z, Plevova K, Nguyen-Khac F, et al. Chromosomal translocations and karyotype complexity in chronic lymphocytic leukemia: a systematic reappraisal of classic cytogenetic data. Am J Hematol. 2014;89(3):249–55. doi: 10.1002/ajh.23618
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Van Den Neste E, Robin V, Francart J, Hagemeijer A, Stul M, Vandenberghe P, et al. Chromosomal translocations independently predict treatment failure, treatment-free survival and overall survival in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients treated with cladribine. Leukemia. 2007;21(8):1715–22. doi: 10.1038/sj.leu.2404764
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar