References
- Bitterman BH. 1991. Application of finite element modeling and analysis to the design of positive pressure oxygen masks [master’s thesis]. Dayton (OH): Air Force Institute of Technology, Wright–Patterson Air Force Base.
- Cai M, Shen S, Li H, Zhang X, Ma Y. 2016. Study of contact characteristics between a respirator and a headform. J Occup Environ Hyg. 13:D50–D60.10.1080/15459624.2015.1116699
- Chabanas M, Luboz V, Payan Y. 2003. Patient specific finite element model of the face soft tissues for computer-assisted maxillofacial surgery. Med Image Anal. 7:131–151.10.1016/S1361-8415(02)00108-1
- Dai J, Yang J, Zhuang Z. 2011. Sensitivity analysis of important parameters affecting contact pressure between a respirator and a headform. Int J Ind Ergon. 41:268–279.10.1016/j.ergon.2011.01.007
- Darwin C. 1872/1998. The expression of emotion in man and animals. New York (NY): Oxford University Press.
- Duck FA. 2013. Physical properties of tissues: a comprehensive reference book. London: Academic press.
- Engelbrektsson K. 2011. Evaluation of material models in LS-DYNA for impact simulation of white adipose tissue [master’s thesis in solid and fluid mechanics]. Goteborg: Chalmers University of Technology.
- Hedenstierna S, Halldin P. 2008. How does a three-dimensional continuum muscle model affect the kinematics and muscle strains of a finite element neck model compared to a discrete muscle model in rear-end, frontal, and lateral impacts. Spine. 33:E236–E245.10.1097/BRS.0b013e31816b8812
- Hendriks F, Brokken D, Van Eemeren J, Oomens C, Baaijens F, Horsten J. 2003. A numerical-experimental method to characterize the non-linear mechanical behaviour of human skin. Skin Res Technol. 9:274–283.10.1034/j.1600-0846.2003.00019.x
- Lei Z, Yang J, Zhuang Z. 2012. Headform and N95 filtering facepiece respirator interaction: contact pressure simulation and validation. J Occup Environ Hyg. 9:46–58.10.1080/15459624.2011.635130
- Lei Z, Ji X, Li N, Yang J, Zhuang Z, Rottach D. 2014. Simulated effects of head movement on contact pressures between headforms and N95 filtering facepiece respirators-part 1: headform model and validation. Ann Occup Hyg. 58:1175–1185.
- Lei Z, Ji X, Li N, Yang J, Zhuang Z, Rottach D. 2014. Simulated effects of head movement on contact pressures between headforms and N95 filtering facepiece respirators-part 2: simulation. Ann Occup Hyg. 58:1186–1199.
- Matsumoto D, Ekman P. 2008. Facial expression analysis. Scholarpedia. 3:4237.
- Occupational Safety and Health Administration. 1999. Respiratory protection OSHA technical manual (OTM). Section VIII, Chap. 2. Available from: https://www.osha.gov/dts/osta/otm/otm_viii/otm_viii_2.html
- Piccione D, Moyer ET Jr, Cohen KS. 1997. Modeling the interface between a respirator and the human face. Adelphi, MD: Army Research Laboratory, Human Engineering and Research Laboratory.
- Qian Y, Willeke K, Grinshpun SA, Donnelly J, Coffey CC. 1998. Performance of N95 respirators: filtration efficiency for airborne microbial and inert particles. Am Ind Hyg Assoc. 59(2):128–132.10.1080/15428119891010389
- Rouvière H, Delmas A. 2002. Anatomie humaine: descriptive, topographique et fonctionnelle Tête et cou (Vol. 1). Paris: Elsevier Masson.
- Standardization Administration of the P.R.C. 2016. Technical specification of daily protective mask. Available from: http://www.sac.gov.cn/was5/web/search?channelid=160591&templet=gjcxjg_detail.jsp&searchword=STANDARD_CODE=%27 GB/T%2032610-2016%27
- Wu T, Hung APL, Hunter P, Mithraratne K. 2013. Modelling facial expressions: a framework for simulating nonlinear soft tissue deformations using embedded 3D muscles. Finite Elem Anal Des. 76:63–70.10.1016/j.finel.2013.08.002
- Fung YC. 2013. Biomechanics: mechanical properties of living tissues. New York: Springer Science & Business Media.
- Yang J, Dai J, Zhuang Z. 2009. Simulating the interaction between a respirator and a headform using LS-DYNA. Comput Aided Des Appl. 6:539–551.10.3722/cadaps.2009.539-551
- Yang G, Wang Y, Zeng Y, Gao GF, Liang X, Zhou M, Wan X, Yu S, Jiang Y, Naghavi M. 2013. Rapid health transition in China, 1990–2010: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010. Lancet. 381:1987–2015.10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61097-1
- Zhuang Z, Benson S, Viscusi D. 2010. Digital 3-D headforms with facial features representative of the current US workforce. Ergonomics. 53:661–671.10.1080/00140130903581656