A guide for proper utilisation of stable isotope reference materialsFootnote^*

* Originally presented at the Stable Isotope Summer School 2018 ‘Stable isotopes in ancient and contemporary environments’, 15–19 April 2018, University of Konstanz, Germany.

References

• de Groot PA, editor. Handbook of stable isotope analytical techniques. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 2004.
   Google Scholar
• Fry B. Stable isotope ecology. New York (NY): Springer; 2006; https://doi.org/10.1007/0-387-33745-8; http://www.jlakes.org/ch/web/0-387-33745-8.pdf.
   Google Scholar
• Carter JF, Chesson LA, editors. Food forensics: stable isotopes as a guide to authenticity and origin. Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group; 2017.
   Google Scholar
• Sharp Z. Principles of stable isotope geochemistry. 2nd ed. Albuquerque (NM): University of New Mexico; 2017. http://digitalrepository.unm.edu/unm_oer/1/
   Google Scholar
• Meier-Augenstein W. Stable isotope forensics: methods and forensic applications of stable isotope analysis. 2nd ed. Chichester (UK): John Wiley & Sons; 2018; https://doi.org/10.1002/9781119080190.
   Google Scholar
• Brand WA, Coplen TB. Stable isotope deltas: tiny, yet robust signatures in nature. Isot Environ Health Stud. 2012;48:393–409. doi: 10.1080/10256016.2012.666977
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brand WA, Coplen TB, Vogl J, et al. Assessment of international reference materials for isotope-ratio analysis (IUPAC technical report). Pure Appl Chem. 2014;86:425–467. doi: 10.1515/pac-2013-1023
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coleman M, Meier-Augenstein W. Ignoring IUPAC guidelines for measurement and reporting of stable isotope abundance values affects us all. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 2014;28:1953–1955. doi: 10.1002/rcm.6971
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brand WA, Assonov SS, Coplen TB. Correction for the 17O interference in δ(13C) measurements when analyzing CO2 with stable isotope mass spectrometry (IUPAC technical report). Pure Appl Chem. 2010;82:1719–1733. doi: 10.1351/PAC-REP-09-01-05
   Google Scholar
• Coplen TB. Guidelines and recommended terms for expression of stable-isotope-ratio and gas-ratio measurement results. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 2011;25:2538–2560. doi: 10.1002/rcm.5129
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park R, Epstein S. Metabolic fractionation of C13 & C12 in plants. Plant Physiol. 1961;36:133–138. doi: 10.1104/pp.36.2.133
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park R, Epstein S. Carbon isotope fractionation during photosynthesis. Geochim Cosmochim Acta. 1960;21:110–126. doi: 10.1016/S0016-7037(60)80006-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bender MM. Variations in the 13C/12C ratios of plants in relation to the pathway of photosynthetic carbon dioxide fixation. Phytochemistry. 1971;10:1239–1244. doi: 10.1016/S0031-9422(00)84324-1
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coplen TB. Normalization of oxygen and hydrogen isotope data. Chem Geol. 1988;72:293–297.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horita J, Kendall C. Stable isotope analysis of water and aqueous solutions by conventional dual-inlet mass spectrometry. In: de Groot PA, editor. Handbook of stable isotope analytical techniques, volume I. Amsterdam: Elsevier; 2004. p. 1–37.
   Google Scholar
• Schimmelmann A, Qi H, Coplen TB, et al. New organic reference materials for hydrogen, carbon, and nitrogen stable isotope-ratio measurements: caffeines, n-alkanes, fatty acid methyl esters, glycines, L-valines, polyethylenes, and oils. Anal Chem. 2016;88:4294–4302. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b04392
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Coplen TB. New guidelines for reporting stable hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen isotope-ratio data. Geochim Cosmochim Acta. 1996;60:3359–3360. doi: 10.1016/0016-7037(96)00263-3
   Google Scholar
• Coplen TB, Brand WA, Gehre M, et al. New guidelines for δ13C measurements. Anal Chem. 2006;78:2439–2441. doi: 10.1021/ac052027c
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Werner RA, Brand WA. Referencing strategies and techniques in stable isotope ratio analysis. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 2001;15:501–519. doi: 10.1002/rcm.258
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Renpenning J, Kümmel S, Hitzfeld KL, et al. Compound-specific hydrogen isotope analysis of heteroatom-bearing compounds via gas chromatography–chromium-based high-temperature conversion (Cr/HTC)–isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Anal Chem. 2015;87:9443–9450. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b02475
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Qi H, Gröning M, Coplen TB, et al. Novel silver-tubing method for quantitative introduction of water into high-temperature conversion systems for stable hydrogen and oxygen isotopic measurements. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 2010;24:1821–1827. doi: 10.1002/rcm.4559
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hunsinger GB, Tipple CA, Stern LA. Gaseous byproducts from high-temperature thermal conversion elemental analysis of nitrogen- and sulfur-bearing compounds with considerations for δ2H and δ18O analyses. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom. 2013;27:1649–1659. doi: 10.1002/rcm.6608
   Google Scholar
• Gehre M, Renpenning J, Gilevska T, et al. On-line hydrogen-isotope measurements of organic samples using elemental chromium: an extension for high temperature elemental-analyzer techniques. Anal Chem. 2015;87:5198–5205. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b00085
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gentile N, Rossi MJ, Delémont O, et al. δ15n measurement of organic and inorganic substances by EA-IRMS: a speciation-dependent procedure. Anal Bioanal Chem. 2013;405:159–176. doi: 10.1007/s00216-012-6471-z
   Google Scholar
• Dorval E, Piner K, Robertson L, et al. Temperature record in the oxygen stable isotopes of Pacific sardine otoliths: experimental vs. wild stocks from the Southern California bight. J Exp Mar Biol Ecol. 2011;397:136–143. doi: 10.1016/j.jembe.2010.11.024
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sakamoto T, Komatsu K, Yoneda M, et al. Temperature dependence of δ18O in otolith of juvenile Japanese sardine: laboratory rearing experiment with micro-scale analysis. Fish Res. 2017;194:55–59. doi: 10.1016/j.fishres.2017.05.004
   Google Scholar
• Friedman I, O'Neil JR. Compilation of stable isotope fractionation factors of geochemical interest. In: Data of geochemistry. 6th ed. Washington (DC): U.S. Government Printing Office; 1977; p. KK1–KK12. (Geological Survey Professional Paper; 440-KK). Available from: https://pubs.usgs.gov/pp/0440kk/report.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Oxygen isotope materials [Internet]. Ottawa: Commission on Isotopic Abundances and Atomic Weights of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry; Available from: http://ciaaw.org/oxygen-references.htm
   Google Scholar
• Kim S-T, Coplen TB, Horita J. Normalization of stable isotope data for carbonate minerals: implementation of IUPAC guidelines. Geochim Cosmochim Acta. 2015;158:276–289. doi: 10.1016/j.gca.2015.02.011
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar