The impact of flavonoids and BDNF on neurogenic process in various physiological/pathological conditions including ischemic insults: a narrative review

References

• Ojaghihaghighi S, Vahdati SS, Mikaeilpour A, et al. Comparison of neurological clinical manifestation in patients with hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke. World J Emerg Med. 2017;8:34–8. doi:10.5847/wjem.j.1920-8642.2017.01.006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prabhakaran S, Ruff I, Bernstein RA. Acute stroke intervention: a systematic review. JAMA. 2015;313:1451–62. doi:10.1001/jama.2015.3058
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dorado L, Millan M, Davalos A. Reperfusion therapies for acute ischemic stroke: an update. Curr Cardiol Rev. 2014;10:327–35. doi:10.2174/1573403X10666140320144637
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Rahman AA, Amruta N, Pinteaux E, et al. Neurogenesis after stroke: a therapeutic perspective. Transl Stroke Res. 2021;12:1–14. doi:10.1007/s12975-020-00841-w
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Culig L, Chu X, Bohr VA. Neurogenesis in aging and age-related neurodegenerative diseases. Ageing Res Rev. 2022;78:101636. doi:10.1016/j.arr.2022.101636
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hagg T. From neurotransmitters to neurotrophic factors to neurogenesis. Neuroscientist. 2009;15:20–7. doi:10.1177/1073858408324789
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Terranova JI, Ogawa SK, Kitamura T. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis for systems consolidation of memory. Behav Brain Res. 2019;372:112035. doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2019.112035
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Treves A, Tashiro A, Witter MP, et al. What is the mammalian dentate gyrus good for? Neuroscience. 2008;154:1155–72. doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2008.04.073
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anacker C, Luna VM, Stevens GS, et al. Hippocampal neurogenesis confers stress resilience by inhibiting the ventral dentate gyrus. Nature. 2018;559:98–102. doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0262-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lieberwirth C, Pan Y, Liu Y, et al. Hippocampal adult neurogenesis: its regulation and potential role in spatial learning and memory. Brain Res. 2016;1644:127–40. doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2016.05.015
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leal G, Bramham CR, Duarte CB. BDNF and hippocampal synaptic plasticity. Vitam Horm. 2017;104:153–95. doi:10.1016/bs.vh.2016.10.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bath KG, Akins MR, Lee FS. BDNF control of adult SVZ neurogenesis. Dev Psychobiol. 2012;54:578–89. doi:10.1002/dev.20546
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bekinschtein P, Oomen CA, Saksida LM, et al. Effects of environmental enrichment and voluntary exercise on neurogenesis, learning and memory, and pattern separation: BDNF as a critical variable? Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2011;22:536–42. doi:10.1016/j.semcdb.2011.07.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kotlega D, Zembron-Lacny A, Morawin B, et al. Free fatty acids and their inflammatory derivatives affect BDNF in stroke patients. Mediators Inflamm. 2020;2020:6676247. doi:10.1155/2020/6676247
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang L, Zhang Z, Wang Y, et al. Treatment of stroke with erythropoietin enhances neurogenesis and angiogenesis and improves neurological function in rats. Stroke. 2004;35:1732–7. doi:10.1161/01.STR.0000132196.49028.a4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim YR, Kim HN, Ahn SM, et al. Electroacupuncture promotes post-stroke functional recovery via enhancing endogenous neurogenesis in mouse focal cerebral ischemia. PLoS One. 2014;9:e90000. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0090000
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ni GX, Liang C, Wang J, et al. Astragaloside IV improves neurobehavior and promotes hippocampal neurogenesis in MCAO rats though BDNF-TrkB signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother. 2020;130:110353. doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110353
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sun Q, Liu Q, Zhou X, et al. Flavonoids regulate tumor-associated macrophages - from structure-activity relationship to clinical potential (Review). Pharmacol Res. 2022;184:106419. doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2022.106419
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cichon N, Saluk-Bijak J, Gorniak L, et al. Flavonoids as a natural enhancer of neuroplasticity-an overview of the mechanism of neurorestorative action. Antioxidants (Basel). 2020;9.
   Google Scholar
• Collaborators GBDS. Global, regional, and national burden of stroke and its risk factors, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet Neurol. 2021;20:795–820. doi:10.1016/S1474-4422(21)00252-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murphy SJ, Werring DJ. Stroke: causes and clinical features. Medicine (Abingdon). 2020;48:561–6.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jung S, Wiest R, Gralla J, et al. Relevance of the cerebral collateral circulation in ischaemic stroke: time is brain, but collaterals set the pace. Swiss Med Wkly. 2017;147:w14538.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuriakose D, Xiao Z. Pathophysiology and treatment of stroke: present status and future perspectives. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21. doi:10.3390/ijms21207609
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feske SK. Ischemic stroke. Am J Med. 2021;134:1457–64. doi:10.1016/j.amjmed.2021.07.027
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Campbell BCV, Silva D, Macleod DA, R M, et al. Ischaemic stroke. Nat Rev Dis Primers. 2019;5:70. doi:10.1038/s41572-019-0118-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Botelho A, Rios J, Fidalgo AP, et al. Organizational factors determining access to reperfusion therapies in ischemic stroke-systematic literature review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19. doi:10.3390/ijerph192316357
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Powers WJ, Rabinstein AA, Ackerson T, et al. Guidelines for the early management of patients with acute ischemic stroke: 2019 Update to the 2018 guidelines for the early management of acute ischemic stroke: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2019;50:e344–e418. doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.118.022606
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tao T, Liu M, Chen M, et al. Natural medicine in neuroprotection for ischemic stroke: challenges and prospective. Pharmacol Ther. 2020;216:107695. doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107695
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Azad TD, Veeravagu A, Steinberg GK. Neurorestoration after stroke. Neurosurg Focus. 2016;40:E2. doi:10.3171/2016.2.FOCUS15637
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Koh SH, Park HH. Neurogenesis in stroke recovery. Transl Stroke Res. 2017;8:3–13. doi:10.1007/s12975-016-0460-z
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Altman J, Das GD. Autoradiographic and histological evidence of postnatal hippocampal neurogenesis in rats. J Comp Neurol. 1965;124:319–35. doi:10.1002/cne.901240303
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spalding KL, Bergmann O, Alkass K, et al. Dynamics of hippocampal neurogenesis in adult humans. Cell. 2013;153:1219–27. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2013.05.002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boldrini M, Fulmore CA, Tartt AN, et al. Human hippocampal neurogenesis persists throughout aging. Cell Stem Cell. 2018;22:589–99 e585. doi:10.1016/j.stem.2018.03.015
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao C, Deng W, Gage FH. Mechanisms and functional implications of adult neurogenesis. Cell. 2008;132:645–60. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2008.01.033
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jorgensen C. Adult mammalian neurogenesis and motivated behaviors. Integr Zool. 2018;13:655–72. doi:10.1111/1749-4877.12335
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dranovsky A, Picchini AM, Moadel T, et al. Experience dictates stem cell fate in the adult hippocampus. Neuron. 2011;70:908–23. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2011.05.022
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berg DA, Yoon K-J, Will B, et al. Tbr2-expressing intermediate progenitor cells in the adult mouse hippocampus are unipotent neuronal precursors with limited amplification capacity under homeostasis. Front Biol (Beijing). 2015;10:262–71. doi:10.1007/s11515-015-1364-0
   Google Scholar
• Grochowski C, Radzikowska E, Maciejewski R. Neural stem cell therapy-brief review. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2018;173:8–14. doi:10.1016/j.clineuro.2018.07.013
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Niklison-Chirou MV, Agostini M, Amelio I, et al. Regulation of adult neurogenesis in mammalian brain. Int J Mol Sci. 2020;21. doi:10.3390/ijms21144869
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu TS, Washington PM, Kernie SG. Injury-induced neurogenesis: mechanisms and relevance. Neuroscientist. 2016;22:61–71. doi:10.1177/1073858414563616
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gu W, Brannstrom T, Wester P. Cortical neurogenesis in adult rats after reversible photothrombotic stroke. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2000;20:1166–73. doi:10.1097/00004647-200008000-00002
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bellenchi GC, Volpicelli F, Piscopo V, et al. Adult neural stem cells: an endogenous tool to repair brain injury? J Neurochem. 2013;124:159–67. doi:10.1111/jnc.12084
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuhn HG, Toda T, Gage FH. Adult hippocampal neurogenesis: a coming-of-age story. J Neurosci. 2018;38:10401–10. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2144-18.2018
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suh H, Deng W, Gage FH. Signaling in adult neurogenesis. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol. 2009;25:253–75. doi:10.1146/annurev.cellbio.042308.113256
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moreno-Jimenez EP, Terreros-Roncal J, Flor-Garcia M, et al. Evidences for adult hippocampal neurogenesis in humans. J Neurosci. 2021;41:2541–53. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0675-20.2020
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bond AM, Ming GL, Song H. Adult mammalian neural stem cells and neurogenesis: five decades later. Cell Stem Cell. 2015;17:385–95. doi:10.1016/j.stem.2015.09.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tong CK, Alvarez-Buylla A. SnapShot: adult neurogenesis in the V-SVZ. Neuron. 2014;81:220– e221. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2013.12.004
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• De Marchis S, Bovetti S, Carletti B, et al. Generation of distinct types of periglomerular olfactory bulb interneurons during development and in adult mice: implication for intrinsic properties of the subventricular zone progenitor population. J Neurosci. 2007;27:657–64. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.2870-06.2007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bagley JA, Belluscio L. Dynamic imaging reveals that brain-derived neurotrophic factor can independently regulate motility and direction of neuroblasts within the rostral migratory stream. Neuroscience. 2010;169:1449–61. doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.05.075
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bovetti S, Hsieh YC, Bovolin P, et al. Blood vessels form a scaffold for neuroblast migration in the adult olfactory bulb. J Neurosci. 2007;27:5976–80. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0678-07.2007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Whitman MC, Fan W, Rela L, et al. Blood vessels form a migratory scaffold in the rostral migratory stream. J Comp Neurol. 2009;516:94–104. doi:10.1002/cne.22093
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Snapyan M, Lemasson M, Brill MS, et al. Vasculature guides migrating neuronal precursors in the adult mammalian forebrain via brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling. J Neurosci. 2009;29:4172–88. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4956-08.2009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao C, Teng EM, Summers RG, Jr, et al. Distinct morphological stages of dentate granule neuron maturation in the adult mouse hippocampus. J Neurosci. 2006;26:3–11. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3648-05.2006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toda T, Gage FH. Review: adult neurogenesis contributes to hippocampal plasticity. Cell Tissue Res. 2018;373:693–709. doi:10.1007/s00441-017-2735-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cameron HA, Woolley CS, McEwen BS, et al. Differentiation of newly born neurons and glia in the dentate gyrus of the adult rat. Neuroscience. 1993;56:337–44. doi:10.1016/0306-4522(93)90335-D
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karakatsani A, Alvarez-Vergara MI, Ruiz de Almodovar C. The vasculature of neurogenic niches: properties and function. Cells Dev. 2023;174:203841. doi:10.1016/j.cdev.2023.203841
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Heberden C. Modulating adult neurogenesis through dietary interventions. Nutr Res Rev. 2016;29:163–71. doi:10.1017/S0954422416000081
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sairanen M, Lucas G, Ernfors P, et al. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and antidepressant drugs have different but coordinated effects on neuronal turnover, proliferation, and survival in the adult dentate gyrus. J Neurosci. 2005;25:1089–94. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3741-04.2005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Han W, Jiang L, Song X, et al. VEGF modulates neurogenesis and microvascular remodeling in epileptogenesis after status epilepticus in immature rats. Front Neurol. 2021;12:808568. doi:10.3389/fneur.2021.808568
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Leal-Galicia P, Chavez-Hernandez ME, Mata F, et al. Adult neurogenesis: a story ranging from controversial new neurogenic areas and human adult neurogenesis to molecular regulation. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22. doi:10.3390/ijms222111489
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fletcher JL, Murray SS, Xiao J. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor in central nervous system myelination: a new mechanism to promote myelin plasticity and repair. Int J Mol Sci. 2018;19. doi:10.3390/ijms19124131
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• von Bohlen Und Halbach O, von Bohlen Und Halbach V. BDNF effects on dendritic spine morphology and hippocampal function. Cell Tissue Res. 2018;373:729–41. doi:10.1007/s00441-017-2782-x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Park H, Poo MM. Neurotrophin regulation of neural circuit development and function. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2013;14:7–23. doi:10.1038/nrn3379
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaplan DR, Miller FD. Neurotrophin signal transduction in the nervous system. Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2000;10:381–91. doi:10.1016/S0959-4388(00)00092-1
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gorski JA, Zeiler SR, Tamowski S, et al. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor is required for the maintenance of cortical dendrites. J Neurosci. 2003;23:6856–65. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.23-17-06856.2003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kwon M, Fernandez JR, Zegarek GF, et al. BDNF-promoted increases in proximal dendrites occur via CREB-dependent transcriptional regulation of cypin. J Neurosci. 2011;31:9735–45. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.6785-10.2011
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Orefice LL, Waterhouse EG, Partridge JG, et al. Distinct roles for somatically and dendritically synthesized brain-derived neurotrophic factor in morphogenesis of dendritic spines. J Neurosci. 2013;33:11618–32. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0012-13.2013
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zagrebelsky M, Tacke C, Korte M. BDNF signaling during the lifetime of dendritic spines. Cell Tissue Res. 2020;382:185–99. doi:10.1007/s00441-020-03226-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Almulla AYH, Mogulkoc R, Baltaci AK, et al. Learning, neurogenesis and effects of flavonoids on learning. Mini Rev Med Chem. 2022;22:355–64. doi:10.2174/1389557521666210707120719
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Araki T, Ikegaya Y, Koyama R. The effects of microglia- and astrocyte-derived factors on neurogenesis in health and disease. Eur J Neurosci. 2021;54:5880–901. doi:10.1111/ejn.14969
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Numakawa T, Odaka H, Adachi N. Actions of brain-derived neurotrophin factor in the neurogenesis and neuronal function, and its involvement in the pathophysiology of brain diseases. Int J Mol Sci. 2018;19. doi:10.3390/ijms19113650
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qian MD, Zhang J, Tan XY, et al. Novel agonist monoclonal antibodies activate TrkB receptors and demonstrate potent neurotrophic activities. J Neurosci. 2006;26:9394–403. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1118-06.2006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee J, Duan W, Mattson MP. Evidence that brain-derived neurotrophic factor is required for basal neurogenesis and mediates, in part, the enhancement of neurogenesis by dietary restriction in the hippocampus of adult mice. J Neurochem. 2002;82:1367–75. doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.01085.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pearson-Fuhrhop KM, Cramer SC. Genetic influences on neural plasticity. PM R. 2010;2:S227–240. doi:10.1016/j.pmrj.2010.09.011
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wang L, Chang X, She L, et al. Autocrine action of BDNF on dendrite development of adult-born hippocampal neurons. J Neurosci. 2015;35:8384–93. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4682-14.2015
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sonoyama T, Stadler LKJ, Zhu M, et al. Human BDNF/TrkB variants impair hippocampal synaptogenesis and associate with neurobehavioural abnormalities. Sci Rep. 2020;10:9028. doi:10.1038/s41598-020-65531-x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Quesseveur G, David DJ, Gaillard MC, et al. BDNF overexpression in mouse hippocampal astrocytes promotes local neurogenesis and elicits anxiolytic-like activities. Transl Psychiatry. 2013;3:e253. doi:10.1038/tp.2013.30
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vitaliano GD, Kim JK, Kaufman MJ, et al. Clathrin-nanoparticles deliver BDNF to hippocampus and enhance neurogenesis, synaptogenesis and cognition in HIV/neuroAIDS mouse model. Commun Biol. 2022;5:236. doi:10.1038/s42003-022-03177-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scharfman H, Goodman J, Macleod A, et al. Increased neurogenesis and the ectopic granule cells after intrahippocampal BDNF infusion in adult rats. Exp Neurol. 2005;192:348–56. doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2004.11.016
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Numakawa T, Odaka H, Adachi N. Actions of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and glucocorticoid stress in neurogenesis. Int J Mol Sci. 2017;18. doi:10.3390/ijms18112312
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ben-Zeev T, Shoenfeld Y, Hoffman JR. The effect of exercise on neurogenesis in the brain. Isr Med Assoc J. 2022;24:533–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tharmaratnam T, Tabobondung T, Tabobondung T, et al. Synergistic effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and exercise intensity on memory in the adolescent brain: a commentary. Environ Health Prev Med. 2018;23:12. doi:10.1186/s12199-018-0701-8
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Katoh-Semba R, Asano T, Ueda H, et al. Riluzole enhances expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor with consequent proliferation of granule precursor cells in the rat hippocampus. FASEB J. 2002;16:1328–30. doi:10.1096/fj.02-0143fje
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jung HY, Kim W, Kwon HJ, et al. Physical stress induced reduction of proliferating cells and differentiated neuroblasts is ameliorated by fermented Laminaria japonica extract treatment. Mar Drugs. 2020;18.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tsao R. Chemistry and biochemistry of dietary polyphenols. Nutrients. 2010;2:1231–46. doi:10.3390/nu2121231
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fraga CG, Croft KD, Kennedy DO, et al. The effects of polyphenols and other bioactives on human health. Food Funct. 2019;10:514–28. doi:10.1039/C8FO01997E
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shen N, Wang T, Gan Q, et al. Plant flavonoids: classification, distribution, biosynthesis, and antioxidant activity. Food Chem. 2022;383:132531. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132531
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Manach C, Scalbert A, Morand C, et al. Polyphenols: food sources and bioavailability. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004;79:727–47. doi:10.1093/ajcn/79.5.727
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu W, Feng Y, Yu S, et al. The flavonoid biosynthesis network in plants. Int J Mol Sci. 2021;22.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Toh JY, Tan VM, Lim PC, et al. Flavonoids from fruit and vegetables: a focus on cardiovascular risk factors. Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2013;15:368. doi:10.1007/s11883-013-0368-y
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amiot MJ, Riva C, Vinet A. Effects of dietary polyphenols on metabolic syndrome features in humans: a systematic review. Obes Rev. 2016;17:573–86. doi:10.1111/obr.12409
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kozlowska A, Szostak-Wegierek D. Flavonoids–food sources and health benefits. Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. 2014;65:79–85.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cheng N, Bell L, Lamport DJ, et al. Dietary flavonoids and human cognition: a meta-analysis. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2022;66:e2100976. doi:10.1002/mnfr.202100976
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parrella E, Gussago C, Porrini V, et al. From preclinical stroke models to humans: polyphenols in the prevention and treatment of stroke. Nutrients. 2020;13. doi:10.3390/nu13010085
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spencer JP, Vauzour D, Rendeiro C. Flavonoids and cognition: the molecular mechanisms underlying their behavioural effects. Arch Biochem Biophys. 2009;492:1–9. doi:10.1016/j.abb.2009.10.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramezani M, Meymand AZ, Khodagholi F, et al. A role for flavonoids in the prevention and/or treatment of cognitive dysfunction, learning, and memory deficits: a review of preclinical and clinical studies. Nutr Neurosci. 2023;26:156–72. doi:10.1080/1028415X.2022.2028058
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xiao Z, Cao Z, Yang J, et al. Baicalin promotes hippocampal neurogenesis via the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway in a chronic unpredictable mild stress-induced mouse model of depression. Biochem Pharmacol. 2021;190:114594. doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2021.114594
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Prajit R, Sritawan N, Suwannakot K, et al. Chrysin protects against memory and hippocampal neurogenesis depletion in D-galactose-induced aging in rats. Nutrients. 2020;12. doi:10.3390/nu12041100
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stagni F, Giacomini A, Guidi S, et al. A flavonoid agonist of the TrkB receptor for BDNF improves hippocampal neurogenesis and hippocampus-dependent memory in the Ts65Dn mouse model of DS. Exp Neurol. 2017;298:79–96. doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2017.08.018
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee Y, Jeon SJ, Lee HE, et al. Spinosin, a C-glycoside flavonoid, enhances cognitive performance and adult hippocampal neurogenesis in mice. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2016;145:9–16. doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2016.03.007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang Y, Li M, Xu X, et al. Green tea epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) promotes neural progenitor cell proliferation and sonic hedgehog pathway activation during adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Mol Nutr Food Res. 2012;56:1292–303. doi:10.1002/mnfr.201200035
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ortiz-Lopez L, Marquez-Valadez B, Gomez-Sanchez A, et al. Green tea compound epigallo-catechin-3-gallate (EGCG) increases neuronal survival in adult hippocampal neurogenesis in vivo and in vitro. Neuroscience. 2016;322:208–20. doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2016.02.040
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shengkai D, Qianqian L, Yazhen S. The effects and regulatory mechanism of flavonoids from stems and leaves of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi in promoting neurogenesis and improving memory impairment mediated by the BDNF-ERK-CREB signaling pathway in rats. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2022;21:354–66. doi:10.2174/1871527320666210827112048
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee D, Kim N, Jeon SH, et al. Hesperidin improves memory function by enhancing neurogenesis in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. Nutrients. 2022;14.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gao C, Wu M, Du Q, et al. Naringin mediates adult hippocampal neurogenesis for antidepression via activating CREB signaling. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2022;10:731831. doi:10.3389/fcell.2022.731831
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sawamoto A, Okuyama S, Yamamoto K, et al. 3,5,6,7,8,3’,4'-Heptamethoxyflavone, a citrus flavonoid, ameliorates corticosterone-induced depression-like behavior and restores brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression, neurogenesis, and neuroplasticity in the hippocampus. Molecules. 2016;21:541. doi:10.3390/molecules21040541
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jin K, Minami M, Lan JQ, et al. Neurogenesis in dentate subgranular zone and rostral subventricular zone after focal cerebral ischemia in the rat. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2001;98:4710–5. doi:10.1073/pnas.081011098
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tonchev AB, Yamashima T, Zhao L, et al. Proliferation of neural and neuronal progenitors after global brain ischemia in young adult macaque monkeys. Mol Cell Neurosci. 2003;23:292–301. doi:10.1016/S1044-7431(03)00058-7
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kawai T, Takagi N, Miyake-Takagi K, et al. Characterization of BrdU-positive neurons induced by transient global ischemia in adult hippocampus. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab. 2004;24:548–55. doi:10.1097/00004647-200405000-00009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakatomi H, Kuriu T, Okabe S, et al. Regeneration of hippocampal pyramidal neurons after ischemic brain injury by recruitment of endogenous neural progenitors. Cell. 2002;110:429–41. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(02)00862-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choi YS, Lee MY, Sung KW, et al. Regional differences in enhanced neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of adult rats after transient forebrain ischemia. Mol Cells. 2003;16:232–8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu J, Solway K, Messing RO, et al. Increased neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus after transient global ischemia in gerbils. J Neurosci. 1998;18:7768–78. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.18-19-07768.1998
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Takagi Y, Nozaki K, Takahashi J, et al. Proliferation of neuronal precursor cells in the dentate gyrus is accelerated after transient forebrain ischemia in mice. Brain Res. 1999;831:283–7. doi:10.1016/S0006-8993(99)01411-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salazar-Colocho P, Lanciego JL, Del Rio J, et al. Ischemia induces cell proliferation and neurogenesis in the gerbil hippocampus in response to neuronal death. Neurosci Res. 2008;61:27–37. doi:10.1016/j.neures.2008.01.008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dayer AG, Ford AA, Cleaver KM, et al. Short-term and long-term survival of new neurons in the rat dentate gyrus. J Comp Neurol. 2003;460:563–72. doi:10.1002/cne.10675
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pforte C, Henrich-Noack P, Baldauf K, et al. Increase in proliferation and gliogenesis but decrease of early neurogenesis in the rat forebrain shortly after transient global ischemia. Neuroscience. 2005;136:1133–46. doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.08.043
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jin K, Sun Y, Xie L, et al. Directed migration of neuronal precursors into the ischemic cerebral cortex and striatum. Mol Cell Neurosci. 2003;24:171–89. doi:10.1016/S1044-7431(03)00159-3
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ohab JJ, Fleming S, Blesch A, et al. A neurovascular niche for neurogenesis after stroke. J Neurosci. 2006;26:13007–16. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4323-06.2006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yamashita T, Ninomiya M, Hernandez Acosta P, et al. Subventricular zone-derived neuroblasts migrate and differentiate into mature neurons in the post-stroke adult striatum. J Neurosci. 2006;26:6627–36. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0149-06.2006
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andsberg G, Kokaia Z, Klein RL, et al. Neuropathological and behavioral consequences of adeno-associated viral vector-mediated continuous intrastriatal neurotrophin delivery in a focal ischemia model in rats. Neurobiol Dis. 2002;9:187–204. doi:10.1006/nbdi.2001.0456
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arvidsson A, Collin T, Kirik D, et al. Neuronal replacement from endogenous precursors in the adult brain after stroke. Nat Med. 2002;8:963–70. doi:10.1038/nm747
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang RL, LeTourneau Y, Gregg SR, et al. Neuroblast division during migration toward the ischemic striatum: a study of dynamic migratory and proliferative characteristics of neuroblasts from the subventricular zone. J Neurosci. 2007;27:3157–62. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4969-06.2007
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Parent JM, Vexler ZS, Gong C, et al. Rat forebrain neurogenesis and striatal neuron replacement after focal stroke. Ann Neurol. 2002;52:802–13. doi:10.1002/ana.10393
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thored P, Arvidsson A, Cacci E, et al. Persistent production of neurons from adult brain stem cells during recovery after stroke. Stem Cells. 2006;24:739–47. doi:10.1634/stemcells.2005-0281
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thored P, Wood J, Arvidsson A, et al. Long-term neuroblast migration along blood vessels in an area with transient angiogenesis and increased vascularization after stroke. Stroke. 2007;38:3032–9. doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.488445
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hou SW, Wang YQ, Xu M, et al. Functional integration of newly generated neurons into striatum after cerebral ischemia in the adult rat brain. Stroke. 2008;39:2837–44. doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.107.510982
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cui L, Qu H, Xiao T, et al. Stromal cell-derived factor-1 and its receptor CXCR4 in adult neurogenesis after cerebral ischemia. Restor Neurol Neurosci. 2013;31:239–51.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Imitola J, Raddassi K, Park KI, et al. Directed migration of neural stem cells to sites of CNS injury by the stromal cell-derived factor 1alpha/CXC chemokine receptor 4 pathway. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2004;101:18117–22. doi:10.1073/pnas.0408258102
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Teramoto T, Qiu J, Plumier JC, et al. EGF amplifies the replacement of parvalbumin-expressing striatal interneurons after ischemia. J Clin Invest. 2003;111:1125–32. doi:10.1172/JCI200317170
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jin K, Wang X, Xie L, et al. Evidence for stroke-induced neurogenesis in the human brain. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006;103:13198–202. doi:10.1073/pnas.0603512103
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ruan L, Wang B, ZhuGe Q, et al. Coupling of neurogenesis and angiogenesis after ischemic stroke. Brain Res. 2015;1623:166–73. doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2015.02.042
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang Y, Mao JK, O X, et al. VEGF-overexpressing transgenic mice show enhanced post-ischemic neurogenesis and neuromigration. J Neurosci Res. 2007;85:740–7. doi:10.1002/jnr.21169
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen J, Zacharek A, Zhang C, et al. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase regulates brain-derived neurotrophic factor expression and neurogenesis after stroke in mice. J Neurosci. 2005;25:2366–75. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5071-04.2005
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liang H, Zhao H, Gleichman A, et al. Region-specific and activity-dependent regulation of SVZ neurogenesis and recovery after stroke. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2019;116:13621–30. doi:10.1073/pnas.1811825116
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Feng B, Jia S, Li L, et al. TAT-LBD-Ngn2-improved cognitive functions after global cerebral ischemia by enhancing neurogenesis. Brain Behav. 2023;13:e2847. doi:10.1002/brb3.2847
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jin K, Wang X, Xie L, et al. Transgenic ablation of doublecortin-expressing cells suppresses adult neurogenesis and worsens stroke outcome in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2010;107:7993–8. doi:10.1073/pnas.1000154107
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karantali E, Kazis D, Papavasileiou V, et al. Serum BDNF levels in acute stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicina (Kaunas). 2021;57.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mojtabavi H, Shaka Z, Momtazmanesh S, et al. Circulating brain-derived neurotrophic factor as a potential biomarker in stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Transl Med. 2022;20:126. doi:10.1186/s12967-022-03312-y
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lasek-Bal A, Jedrzejowska-Szypulka H, Rozycka J, et al. Low Concentration of BDNF in the acute phase of ischemic stroke as a factor in poor prognosis in terms of functional status of patients. Med Sci Monit. 2015;21:3900–5. doi:10.12659/MSM.895358
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu W, Wang X, O'Connor M, et al. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor and its potential therapeutic role in stroke comorbidities. Neural Plast. 2020;2020:1969482.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhu ZH, Jia F, Ahmed W, et al. Neural stem cell-derived exosome as a nano-sized carrier for BDNF delivery to a rat model of ischemic stroke. Neural Regen Res. 2023;18:404–9. doi:10.4103/1673-5374.346466
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schabitz WR, Sommer C, Zoder W, et al. Intravenous brain-derived neurotrophic factor reduces infarct size and counterregulates Bax and Bcl-2 expression after temporary focal cerebral ischemia. Stroke. 2000;31:2212–7. doi:10.1161/01.STR.31.9.2212
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luo J, Zheng H, Zhang L, et al. High-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) improves functional recovery by enhancing neurogenesis and activating BDNF/TrkB signaling in ischemic rats. Int J Mol Sci. 2017;18.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schabitz WR, Steigleder T, Cooper-Kuhn CM, et al. Intravenous brain-derived neurotrophic factor enhances poststroke sensorimotor recovery and stimulates neurogenesis. Stroke. 2007;38:2165–72. doi:10.1161/STROKEAHA.106.477331
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bagheri A, Talei S, Hassanzadeh N, et al. The neuroprotective effects of flaxseed oil supplementation on functional motor recovery in a model of ischemic brain stroke: upregulation of BDNF and GDNF. Acta Med Iran. 2017;55:785–92.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Tan XD, Liu B, Jiang Y, et al. Gadd45b mediates environmental enrichment-induced neurogenesis in the SVZ of rats following ischemia stroke via BDNF. Neurosci Lett. 2021;745:135616. doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135616
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang C, Zuo F, Wang Y, et al. Progesterone changes VEGF and BDNF expression and promotes neurogenesis after ischemic stroke. Mol Neurobiol. 2016.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fanaei H, Karimian SM, Sadeghipour HR, et al. Testosterone enhances functional recovery after stroke through promotion of antioxidant defenses, BDNF levels and neurogenesis in male rats. Brain Res. 2014;1558:74–83. doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2014.02.028
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Caliskan M, Mogulkoc R, Baltaci AK, et al. The effect of 3’,4'-dihydroxyflavonol on lipid peroxidation in rats with cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury. Neurochem Res. 2016;41:1732–40. doi:10.1007/s11064-016-1889-x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhuang PW, Cui GZ, Zhang YJ, et al. Baicalin regulates neuronal fate decision in neural stem/progenitor cells and stimulates hippocampal neurogenesis in adult rats. CNS Neurosci Ther. 2013;19:154–62. doi:10.1111/cns.12050
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okuyama S, Morita M, Miyoshi K, et al. 3,5,6,7,8,3’,4'-Heptamethoxyflavone, a citrus flavonoid, on protection against memory impairment and neuronal cell death in a global cerebral ischemia mouse model. Neurochem Int. 2014;70:30–8. doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2014.03.008
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Okuyama S, Shimada N, Kaji M, et al. Heptamethoxyflavone, a citrus flavonoid, enhances brain-derived neurotrophic factor production and neurogenesis in the hippocampus following cerebral global ischemia in mice. Neurosci Lett. 2012;528:190–5. doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2012.08.079
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang JC, Xu H, Yuan Y, et al. Delayed treatment with green tea polyphenol EGCG promotes neurogenesis after ischemic stroke in adult mice. Mol Neurobiol. 2017;54:3652–64. doi:10.1007/s12035-016-9924-0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gao H, Huang N, Wang W et al. (2022) Astragalus flavone induces proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells in a cerebral infarction model. Med Sci Monit 28, e933830.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li R, Li X, Wu H, et al. Theaflavin attenuates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury by abolishing miRNA–128–3p–mediated Nrf2 inhibition and reducing oxidative stress. Mol Med Rep. 2019;20:4893–904.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar