Publication Cover
Continuum
Journal of Media & Cultural Studies
Volume 37, 2023 - Issue 3
217
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Ghosts of eugenics’ past: ‘Childhood’ as a target for whitening race in the United States and Canada

ORCID Icon
Pages 329-347 | Received 03 May 2022, Accepted 23 Aug 2023, Published online: 31 Aug 2023

References

  • Bernasconi, Robert. 2001. “Who Invented the Concept of Race? Kant’s Role in the Enlightenment Construction of Race.” In Race, edited by Robert Bernasconi, 11–36. Oxford: Blackwell.
  • de Bruin, T., and G. Robertson 2019. “Eugenics in Canada.” In The Canadian Encyclopedia. Accessed July 11, 2023 from https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/eugenics.
  • Eze, Emmanuel. 1997. “The Color of Reason: The Idea of Race in Kant’s Anthropology.” In Postcolonial African Philosophy: A Critical Reader, edited by Emmanuel Eze, 103–140. Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell.
  • Fairbrother, Nicole. 2014b. Skoreyko, Roy (Interviewed October 22 2014), University of Alberta Living Archives Project (YouTube Channel). Accessed July 9, 2023 from https://youtu.be/G4CZTH9NYvo.
  • Fairbrother, Nicole. 2014a. Ken Nelson and Crystal Nelson (Interviewed October 22 2014), University of Alberta Living Archives Project (YouTube Channel). Accessed February 28, 2019 from https://youtu.be/syP1RkXlE9c.
  • Fanon, Franz. 2008. Black Skin, White Masks, edited by C. L. Markmann. London: Pluto Press.
  • Faulkner, Joanne. 2010a. “Innocence, Evil, and Human Frailty: Potentiality and the Child in the Writings of Giorgio Agamben.” Angelaki – Journal of the Theoretical Humanities 15 (2): 203–219. https://doi.org/10.1080/0969725X.2010.521419.
  • Faulkner, Joanne. 2010b. “The Innocence Fetish: The Commodification and Sexualisation of Children in the Media and Popular Culture.” MIA Media International Australia 135 (1): 106–117. https://doi.org/10.1177/1329878X1013500113.
  • Faulkner, Joanne. 2011a. The Importance of Innocence: Why We Worry About Children. Cambridge, UK and Melbourne, VIC: Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9781139010481.
  • Faulkner, Joanne. 2011b. “Negotiating Vulnerability Through “Animal” and “Child”.” Angelaki – Journal of the Theoretical Humanities 16 (4): 73–85. https://doi.org/10.1080/0969725X.2011.641346.
  • Faulkner, Joanne. 2013. “Vulnerability of “Virtual” Subjects: Childhood, Memory, and Crisis in the Cultural Value of Innocence.” Sub-Stance 42 (3): 127–147. https://doi.org/10.1353/sub.2013.0029.
  • Faulkner, Joanne. 2015. “‘Humanity’s Little Scrap Dealers’: The Child at Play in Modern Philosophy and Implications for Sexualization Discourse.” In Critical Childhood Studies and the Practice of Interdisciplinarity Disciplining the Child, edited by Joanne Faulkner and Magdalena Zolkos, 83–101. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books.
  • Faulkner, Joanne. 2016. Young and Free: [Post]colonial Ontologies of Childhood, Memory and History in Australia. London, UK and New York, NY: Rowman & Littlefield International.
  • Faulkner, Joanne. 2022. “The Child as Mediator of Racial Ambivalence in Australia: ‘Egg Boy’ and the Racist Girl.” Cultural Studies 37 (4): 669–694. https://doi.org/10.1080/09502386.2022.2034908.
  • Foucault, Michel. 2003. Society Must Be Defended, Edited by David Macey. New York: Picador.
  • Goddard, H. H. 1912. The Kallikak Family: A Study of the Heredity of Feeble-Mindedness. New York: The Macmillan Company. https://doi.org/10.1037/10949-000.
  • Goddard, H. H. 1927. “Who is a Moron?” The Scientific Monthly 24 (1): 41–46.
  • Holmes, Sarah C. 2003. “Re-Examining the Political Left: Erskine Caldwell and the Doctrine of Eugenics.” In Evolution and Eugenics in American Literature and Culture, 1880-1940, edited by L. A. Cuddy and C. M. Roche, 89–101. Lewisburg, PA: Bucknell University Press.
  • Jackson, Peter. 1998. “Constructions of ‘Whiteness’ in the Geographical Imagination.” Area 30 (2): 99–106. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-4762.1998.tb00053.x.
  • Jacyna, L. S. 1980. ““Science and Social Order in the Thought of a.” Journal of Balfour” Isis 71 (1): 11–34. https://doi.org/10.1086/352406.
  • Kline, Wendy. 2001. Building a Better Race: Gender, Sexuality, and Eugenics from the Turn of the Century to the Baby Boom. Berkley, CA: University of California Press.
  • Kurbegovic, E. n.d. “Louisiana Hosts First Better Babies Contest at State Fair.” In Eugenics Archives (Website). Accessed February 27, 2019, from http://eugenicsarchive.ca/discover/tree/535eebfb7095aa0000000228.
  • Ladd-Taylor, Molly 2017. Fixing the Poor: Eugenic Sterilization and Child Welfare in the Twentieth Century. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press.
  • Larrimore, Mark. 2009. “Antinomies of Race: Diversity and Destiny in Kant.” In Naming Race, Naming Racisms, edited by J. Judaken, 7–30. Oxford: Routledge.
  • Levine, Philippa, and Bashford. Alison. 2010. “Introduction: Eugenics and the Modern World.” In The Oxford Handbook of the History of Eugenics, edited by Alisonb Bashford and Philippa Levine, 3–24. Oxford, UK and New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
  • McClintock, Anne. 1995. Imperial Leather: Race, Gender, and Sexuality in the Colonial Contest. New York: Routledge.
  • McLaren, Angus. 1990. Our Own Master Race: Eugenics in Canada, 1885-1945. Kindle. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
  • McLeod, Norm. n.d. An Interview with Roy Skoreyko, InstitutionWatch.Ca (Website). Accessed February 27, 2022 https://institutionwatch.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/interview-with-roy.pdf.
  • Moreton-Robinson, Aileen. 2005. “Terra Nullius and the Possessive Logic of Patriarchal Whiteness: Race and Law Matters.” In Changing Law Rights, Regulation and Reconciliation, edited by Mary Keyes, 123–135. Aldershot, UK: Ashgate Publishing.
  • Moreton-Robinson, Aileen. 2015. The White Possessive: Property, Power, and Indigenous Sovereignty, 65–77. Minneapolis, MN: University of Minnesota Press.
  • Muir, Leilani. 2014. A Whisper Past: Childless After Eugenic Sterilization in Alberta. Victoria, BC: Friesen Press.
  • Pfeiffer, David. 1994. “Eugenics and Disability Discrimination.” Disability & Society 9 (4): 481–499. https://doi.org/10.1080/09687599466780471.
  • Rollo, Toby. 2018. “The Color of Childhood: The Role of the Child/Human Binary in the Production of Anti-Black Racism.” Journal of Black Studies 49 (4): 307–329. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021934718760769.
  • Rousseau, Jean-Jacques. 1974. Émile: Or on Education. Edited by Barbara Foxley, originally published 1762. London, UK and Melbourne, VIC: Dent.
  • Rowlands, Sam, and Jean-Jacques Amy. 2019. “Sterilization of Those with Intellectual Disability: Evolution from Non-Consensual Interventions to Strict Safeguards.” Journal of Intellectual Disabilities 23 (2): 233–249. https://doi.org/10.1177/1744629517747162.
  • Ryan, Kevin. 2014. “Childhood, Biosocial Power and the ‘Anthropological Machine’.” Critical Horizons 15 (3): 266–283. https://doi.org/10.1179/1440991714Z.00000000035.
  • Ryan, Kevin. 2021. Refiguring Childhood: Encounters with Biosocial Power. Manchester, UK: Manchester University. https://doi.org/10.7765/9781526148629.
  • Seitler, Dana. 2003. “Unnatural Selection: Mothers, Eugenic Feminism, and Charlotte Perkins Gilman’s Regeneration Narratives.” American Quarterly 55 (1): 61–88. https://doi.org/10.1353/aq.2003.0001.
  • Selden, Steven. 2000. “Eugenics and the Social Construction of Merit, Race and Disability.” Journal of Curriculum Studies 32 (2): 235–252. https://doi.org/10.1080/002202700182736.
  • Selden, Steven. 2005. “Transforming Better Babies into Fitter Families: Archival Resources and the History of the American Eugenics Movement, 1908-1930.” Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 149 (2): 199–225.
  • Stubblefield, Anna. 2007. “‘Beyond the Pale’: Tainted Whiteness, Cognitive Disability, and Eugenic Sterilization.” Hypatia 22 (2): 162–181. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1527-2001.2007.tb00987.x.
  • Tilley, Elizabeth, Jan Walmsley, Sarah Earle, and Dorothy Atkinson. 2012. ““‘The Silence is roaring’: Sterilization, Reproductive Rights and Women with Intellectual Disabilities.” Disability & Society 27 (3): 413–426. https://doi.org/10.1080/09687599.2012.654991.
  • Watson, Irene. 2002. “Aboriginal Laws and the Sovereignty of Terra Nullius.” Borderlands E-Journal 1 (2). Accessed February 27, 2022. https://webarchive.nla.gov.au/awa/20030624015313/http://www.borderlandsejournal.adelaide.edu.au/vol1no2_2002/watson_laws.html.
  • Watson, Irene. 2009. “Sovereign Spaces, Caring for Country, and the Homeless Position of Aboriginal Peoples.” South Atlantic Quarterly 108 (1): 27–51. https://doi.org/10.1215/00382876-2008-021.
  • Watson, Irene. 2014. “Re-Centring First Nations Knowledge and Places in a Terra Nullius Space.” AlterNative: An International Journal of Indigenous Peoples 10 (5): 508–520. https://doi.org/10.1177/117718011401000506.
  • Weheliye, Alexander G. 2014. Habeas Viscus: Racializing Assemblages, Biopolitics, and Black Feminist Theories of the Human. Kindle Book. Durham, MA: Duke University Press.
  • Wilson, Robert A. 2018. The Eugenic Mind Project. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press. https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/11284.001.0001.
  • Wilson, Robert A., and Joshua St. Pierre. 2016. “Eugenics and Disability.” In Rethinking Disability: World Perspectives in Culture and Society, edited by Patrick Devlieger, Beatriz Miranda-Galarza, Steven E. Brown, and Megan Strickfaden, 93–112. Antwerp, Belgium: Garant Publishers.
  • Wray, Matt. 2006. Not Quite White: White Trash and the Boundaries of Whiteness. Kindle Book. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.