- Mulgan , A. 1944 . “ ‘Foreword’ ” . In Tales of the Maori Border Edited by: Cowan , J. Wellington
- Eyre , E.L. , ed. 23 June 1926 . “ ‘Riding Home’ ” . In New Zealand Worker 23 June ,
- Ward , R. 1977 . A Nation for a Continent — the History of Australia 1901–1975 12 Richmond
- Andersen , J.C. 1916 . Jubiliee History of South Canterbury 481 Auckland
- Roberts , W.H.S. 1937 . History of North Otago from 1853 Oamaru
- Phillips , J.O.C. 1983 . ‘Musings in Maoriland — or was there a Bulletin School in New Zealand?’ . Historical Studies , 20
- Coghlan , T. A. 1896 . A Statistical Account of the Seven Colonies of Australia, 1895–6 50 Sydney
- Fairburn , M. 1982 . ‘Local Community or Atomised Society? The Social Structure of Nineteenth‐Century New Zealand’ . The New Zealand Journal of History , 16
- Tilly , C. and Shorter , E. 1974 . Strikes in France 1830–1968 Cambridge
- Jackson , H. 1983 . ‘Churchgoing in Nineieenth‐Century New Zealand’ . New Zealand Journal of History , no. 1
- Thompson , A.B . 1945 . Adult Education in New Zealand Christchurch chap. 2
- Nadel , G. 1957 . Australian Colonial Culture — Ideas, Men and Institutions in Mid‐Nineteenth Century Eastern Australia Melbourne
- Coghlan , T.A. 1898 . The Seven Colonies of Australasia 1897–8 65 – 67 . Sydney
- 1891 . Census of Victoria , : 232
- Fahey , C. 1979 . ‘Wealth and Social Mobility in Late Nineteenth Century Bendigo’ . Australia 1888 , : 69 Bulletin No. 2
- 1891 . Census of Victoria , : 29 – 31 .
- Coghlan . The Seven Colonies 1897–8 , 510
- 1891 . Census of Victoria , : 232
- The Seven Colonies 1897–8 , 68 340
- 1911 . Census of the Commonwealth of Australia , : 132 – 133 .
- 1911 . New Zealand Census , : 228 – 229 .
- Phillips , J.O.C. 1980 . “ ‘Mummy's boys: Pakeha Men and Male Culture in New Zealand’ ” . In Women in New Zealand Society Edited by: Bunkle , P. and Hughes , B. 222 Auckland
- Gilkison , R. 1930 . Early Days in Central Otago. . . 144 191 Dunedin
- Money , C.L. 1871 . Knocking About in New Zealand Melbourne
- Macnaughton , D.T. 1971 . ‘The New Zealand Shearers’ Union and the Crisis in the Shearing Industry 1910–1916’ . Auckland University Historical Society Annual ,
- Eton , L. 1980 . “ ‘The Diary of William James Cox 1888–1911’ ” . Victoria University . History 316 Research Paper
- Elkington , E.W. 1906 . Adrift in New Zealand 125 127 128 129 London
- Wright , D.McK. 1950 . “ ‘While the Billy Boils’ ” . In New Zealand Farm and Station Verse 1850–1950 Edited by: Woodhouse , A.E. Christchurch
- Lee , J.A. 1977 . Roughnecks, Rolling Stones and Rouseabouts 32 – 34 . Christchurch
- McLay , E. 1977 . Stepping Out — A History of Clutha County Council 372 – 373 . Dunedin
- Brownlie , H. 1980 . “ ‘“Without Work, Nothing” — A Study of the Changing Attitudes Towards the Swagger in the 1890s’ ” . Otago University . Long Essay for Postgraduate Diploma of Arts in History, Appendix E.
- Newport , J.N.W. 1962 . Footprints — the Story of the Settlement and Development of the Nelson Back Country Districts 395 Christchurch
- Boxall , G. 1899 . The Story of the Australian Bushrangers 384
- Burgess , R. 1983 . Confessions of Richard Burgess — The Maungatapu Murders and Other Grisly Crimes Edited by: Burton , D. Wellington
- Hoffe , K. 1980 . “ ‘Bushranging and Highway Robbery on the South Island Goldfields 1861–1869’ ” . Victoria University . History 316 Research Paper
- Morrissey , D. 1978 . ‘Ned Kelly's Sympathisers’ . Historical Studies , 18
- Blok , A. 1974 . The Mafia of a Sicilian Village 1860–1960 London
- Davison , G. 1978 . ‘Sydney and the Bush: An Urban Context for the Australian Legend’ . Historical Studies , 18
- Stagg , W. 1983 . “ ‘Death by Drowning 1840–1887’ ” . Victoria University . History 316 Research Essay
- Fairburn , M. and Haslett , S.J. 1986 . ‘Violent Crime in New and Old Societies — A Case Study Based on New Zealand, 1853–1931’ . Journal of Social History , Sept.
- Cohen , S. 1980 . Folk Devils and Moral Panics — the Creation of the Mods and Rockers New York
- Lemert , E. 1967 . Human Deviance. Social Problems, and Social Control New Jersey
- Ditton , J. 1979 . Contrology — Beyond the New Criminology London
- Becker , H.S. 1963 . Outsiders — Studies in the Sociology of Deviance New York
- Macfarlane , A. 1970 . Witchcraft in Tudor and Stuart England — A Regional and Comparative Study London
- Evans‐Pritchard , E.E. 1937 . Witchcraft, Oraclesand Magic among the Azande Oxford
- Hall , J. 1884 . Experience of Thirty Years in the Provincial District of Wellington 29 Wellington
- Scholefield , G.H. , ed. 1960 . The Richmond‐Atkinson Papers vol. 1 , 516 Wellington
- Claridge , J. 1886 . Evening Post , 4 June
- Campbell , M.D. 1972 . “ ‘The Evolution of Hawke's Bay Landed Society, 1850–1914” . 263 Victoria University .
- Gibbons , P.J. 1970 . “ ’ “Turning Tramps into Taxpayers” — the Department of Labour and the Casual Labourer in the 1890s’ ” . 88 Massey University .
- McIntyre , W.D. , ed. 1980 . The Journal of Henry Sewell 1853–7 , vol. 1 , 439 Christchurch .
- Hay , W.D. 1882 . Brighter Britain or Settler and Maori in Northern New Zealand vol. 1 , 32 – 33 . London
- Paul , R.B. 1861 . New Zealand as It Was and as It Is 62 London
- Kennedy , D. 1876 . Kennedy's Colonial Travel. . . 165 London
- Adam , J. 1876 . Twenty‐five Years of Emigrant Life in the South of New Zealand , 2nd edn 40 Edinburgh
- Brain , T.H. 1870 . New Homes. . . 35 London
- Ingram , M. J. 1977 . “ ‘Communities and Courts: Law and Disorder in Early Seventeenih‐Century Wiltshire’ ” . In Crime in England 1550–1800 Edited by: Cockburn , J.S. London
- Judges , A.V. , ed. 1965 . The Elizabethan Underworld
- Slack , P.A. 1974 . “ ‘Vagrants and Vagrancy in England 1598–1664’ ” . In Economic History Review , 2nd series
- Hay , D. 1982 . ‘War, Dearth and Theft in the Eighteenth Century’ . Past and Present , May : 95
- Tobias , J.J. 1967 . Crime and Industrial Society in the Nineteenth Century 68 – 77 . London
- Jones , D. 1982 . Crime, Protest, Community and Police in Nineteenth‐Century Britain London chap. 7
- Gatrell , V.A.C. , Lenman , B. and Parker , G. , eds. 1980 . Crime and the Law 315 London
- McConchie , M. 1983 . “ ‘The Police View of Crime’ ” . Victoria University . History 316 Research Essay
- Shepherd , J. 1982 . “ ‘An Analysis of the Evening Post in 1878 and 1928’ ” . Victoria University . History 316 Research Paper
- Pinney , R. 1981 . Early Northern Otago Runs 35 Auckland
- Andersen , A.L. 1972 . Norsewood — the Centennial Story 142 – 143 . Dannevirke
- Curry , G.P. 1971 . “ ‘Vagrancy’ ” . Victoria University . LL.M. thesis
- Tennant , M. 1981 . “ ‘Indigence and Charitable Aid in New Zealand. 1885–1920’ ” . Massey University . Ph.D. thesis
- Kennaway , L.J. 1874 . Crusts — A Settler's Fare Due South London
- Adams , C.W. 1853 . A Spring in the Canterbury Settlement 71 London
- Story , E.M. , ed. “ ‘Our Fathers Have Told Us’ ” . 202 Turnbull Library . MS
- Acland , L.G.D. 1975 . The Early Canterbury Runs , 4th edn 139 186 Christchurch
- Scott , H. 1922 . Reminiscences of a New Chum in Olago. . . 21 Timaru
- Pyke , V. 1889 . Wild Will Enderby 6 London
- Beale , G.C. 1937 . Seventy Years in and around Auckland 61 – 64 . Dunedin
- Satchell , W. 1902 . The Land of the Lost 9 new edn Auckland 1971
- Howitt , W.K. 1945 . A Pioneer Looks Back. . . 164 – 165 . Auckland
- Studholme , E.C . 1954 . Te Waimate — Early Station Life in New Zealand , 2nd edn 216 – 217 . Wellington
- Gillespie , O.A. 1971 . South Canterbury — A Record of Settlement 221 Timaru
- Courage , S.A. 1896 . Light and Shadows of Colonial Life — Twenty‐Six Years in Canterbury New Zealand , : 201 (reprinted Christchurch 1976)
- Simmons , A. 1879 . Old England and New Zealand 61 London
- Stewart , W.D. 1940 . William Rolleston — A New Zealand Statesman 54 Christchurch
- Bagnall , A.G. 1976 . Wairarapa — An Historical Excursion 477 – 479 . Masterton
- Reeves , W.P. 1923 . Slate Experiments in Australia and New Zealand 219 London
- 1893 . New Zealand Official Yearbook , : 218 – 229 .
- Buller , J. 1880 . New Zealand: Past and Present 92 – 94 . 101 – 103 . 128 137 142 London
- Chamier , G. 1895 . A South Sea Siren 113 – 115 . London reprinted Auckland 1970
- Gisborne , W. 1888 . The Colony of New Zealand. . . . 345 London
- Hursthouse , C. 1861 . New Zealand, The ‘Britain of the South’ 255 257 London
- Jones , E. 1933 . Autobiography of an Early Settler in New Zealand 70 Wellington
- Taylor , R. 1855 . Te Ika A Maui 458 London
- Bathgate , J. 1884 . New Zealand — Its Resources and Prospects 105 London
- de Tocqueville , A. 1966 . Democracy in America Edited by: Mayer , J.P. and Lerner , M. 481 485 492 New York
- 1887 . “ ‘Hopeful’ ” . In ’Taken In' — A Sketch of New Zealand Life 145 – 146 . London
- Grossman , E.S. The Heart of the Bush 12 – 14 . London
- Tregear , E. ‘Labour in New Zealand’ . New Zealand Official Year book , 220
- McIntyre , W.D. and Gardner , W.J. , eds. 1971 . Speeches and Documents on New Zealand History 204 Oxford
- Chapple , L. J. B. and Veitch , H. C. 1939 . Wanganui 129 Wanganui
- Nicholls , R. 1978 . “ ‘The Settler in the Liberal Era: Reality and the Myth’ ” . Victoria University . Honours History Research Essay
- Stevens . 1894 . New Zealand Parliamentary Debates , 8–1 : 152
- Hirst , J.B. 1978 . ‘The Pioneer Legend’ . Historical Studies , 18 : 329
- The author is most grateful for the assistance of J.C. Davis and David Thomson in the preparation of this paper.
Historical Studies
Volume 21, 1985 - Issue 85