245
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

The geosemiotics of ethno-political graffiti in Kosovo: polyphony, emplacement and heteroglossia

&

References

  • Abousnnouga, G., and D. Machin. 2013. The Language of War Monuments. London: Bloomsbury.
  • Backhaus, P. 2005. “Signs of Multilingualism in Tokyo - A diachronic Look at the Linguistic Landscape.” International Journal of the Sociology of Language 103–121.
  • Backhaus, P. 2007. Linguistic Landscapes. A Comparative Study of Urban Multilingualism in Tokyo. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.
  • Blackwood, R., and J. Macalister. 2019. Multilingual Memories. Monuments, Museums and the Linguistic Landscape. London: Bloomsbury.
  • Clark, K., and M. Holquist. 1986. Mikhail Bakhtin. Harvard: Harvard University Press.
  • Conquergood, D. 1997. “Street Literacy.” In Handbook of Research on Teaching Literacy Through the Communicative and Visual Arts, edited by J. Floord, S. Brice Heath, and D. Lapp, 354–375. New York: Simon & Schuster.
  • Demaj, U. 2022. “Symbolic Identity Building, Ethnic Nationalism and the Linguistic Reconfiguration of the Urban Spaces of the Capital of Pristina, Kosovo.” Ethnicities 23 (3): 500–522. https://doi.org/10.1177/14687968221097810.
  • Demaj, U. 2023. “Constructing National Identity in the Public Space. The Discursive Transformations of the Semiotic-Linguistic Landscapes of Pristina, Kosovo.” National Identities 25 (3): 191–214. https://doi.org/10.1080/14608944.2022.2089643.
  • Demaj, U., and M. Vandenbroucke. 2016. “Post-war Kosovo Landscapes in Pristina: Discrepancies Between Language Policy and Urban Reality. Nationalities PapersNationalities Papers.” The Journal of Nationalism and Ethnicity 44 (5): 804–825. https://doi.org/10.1080/00905992.2016.1187592.
  • Detrez, R. 1999. Kosovo. De uitgestelde oorlog. Uitgeverij Houtekiet.
  • Detrez, R. 2019. De Balkan: Een Geschiedenis. Houtekiet.
  • Detrez, R. 1996. De Sloop van Joegoslavië. Relaas van een Boedelscheiding. Antwerpen: Hadewijch Antwerpen-Baarn, BRTN-VAR.
  • Dovey, K., S. Wollan, and I. Woodcock. 2012. “Placing Graffiti: Creating and Contesting Character in Inner-City Melbourne.” Journal of Urban Design 17 (17): 21–41. https://doi.org/10.1080/13574809.2011.646248.
  • Duncan, D. 2016. “Language Policy, Ethnic Conflict and Conflict Resolution: Albanian in the Former Yugoslavia.” Language Policy 15: 453–474. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10993-015-9380-0.
  • Du Plessis, T. 2010. “Bloemfontein/Mangaung, ‘City on the Move’. Language Management and Transformation of a Non-Representative Linguistic Landscape.” In Linguistic Landscape in the City, edited by E. Shohamy, E. Ben-Rafael, and M. Barni, 74–95. Bristol: Multilingual Matters.
  • Dyrstad, K. 2012. “After Ethnic Civil War: Ethno-Nationalism in the Western Balkans.” Journal of Peace Research, 817–831. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022343312439202.
  • Ermolin, D. 2014. “When Skanderbeg Meets Clinton: Cultural Landscape and Commemorative Strategies in Postwar Kosovo.” Croatian Political Science Review 51 (5): 157–173.
  • Fort, E. 2018. “From Power-Sharing Arrangements to Identity Building: The Case of Kosovo Serbs in Kosovo.” Ethnopolitics 17 (5): 503–518. https://doi.org/10.1080/17449057.2018.1511159.
  • Fridman, O. 2015. “Unstructured Daily Encounters: Serbs in Kosovo After the 2008 Declaration of Independence.” Contemporary Southeastern Europe 2 (1): 173–190.
  • Gonçalves, K., and T. M. Milani. 2022. “Street art/art in the Street – Semiotics, Politics, Economy.” Social Semiotics 32 (4): 425–443. https://doi.org/10.1080/10350330.2022.2114724.
  • Gellner, E. 1989. Nations and Nationalism. Blackwell.
  • Gorter, D. 2006. “Introduction: The Study of the Linguistic Landscape as a New Approach to Multilingualism.” International Journal of Multilingualism 3 (1): 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1080/14790710608668382.
  • Hanauer, D. 2004. “Silence, Voice and Erasure: Psychological Embodiment in Graffiti at the Site of Prime Minister Rabin’s Assassination.” The Arts in Psychotherapy 31: 29–35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aip.2004.01.001.
  • Hanauer, D. 2011. “The Discursive Construction of the Separation Wall at Abu.” Journal of Language and Politics 10 (3): 301–321. https://doi.org/10.1075/jlp.10.3.01han.
  • Hetemi, A. 2020. Student Movements for the Republic of Kosovo 1968, 1981 and 1997. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Ingimundarson, V. 2007. “The Politics of Memory and the Reconstruction of Albanian National Identity in Postwar Kosovo.” History and Memory 19 (1): 95–123. https://doi.org/10.2979/his.2007.19.1.95.
  • Janssen, J. 2015. State-building in Kosovo. A Plural Policing Perspective, 39–52. Antwerpen: Maklu.
  • Janssens, R. 2012. “The Linguistic Landscape as a Political Arena: The Case of the Brussels Periphery in Belgium.” In Linguistic Landscapes, Multilingualism and Social Change, edited by C. Hélot, M. Barni, R. Janssens, and C. Bagna. Berlin: Peter Lang.
  • Jaworski, A., and C. Thurlow, eds. 2010. Semiotic landscapes. Language, image and space. London: Continuum.
  • Jovic, D. 2006. “Communist Yugoslavia and its “Others”.” In Ideologies and National Identities. The Case of Twentieth-Century Southeastern Europe, edited by J. Lampe, and M. Mazower, 277–302. Budapest: Central European University Press.
  • Judah, T. 2008. Kosovo. What Everyone Needs to Know. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Kadric, M. 2016. Legitimizing National Identity Through ‘Transnational Existences:’ Post-war Kosovo and its Relationship with the. European Union. 1998-2008.
  • Kallen, J. 2010. “Changing Landscapes: Language, Space and Policy in the Dublin Linguistic Landcape.” In Semiotic Landscapes. Language, Image and Space, edited by A. Jaworski, and C. Thurlow, 41–58. London: Continuum.
  • Karlander, D. 2018. “Backjumps: Writing, Watching, Erasing Train Graffiti.” Social Semiotics 28 (1): 41–59. https://doi.org/10.1080/10350330.2016.1200802.
  • Kasanga, L. 2015. “Semiotic Landscape, Code Choice ad Exclusion.” In Conflict, Exclusion and Dissent in the Linguistic Landscape, edited by R. Rubdi, and S. Ben Said, 123–144. Hampshire, NY: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Kostovicova, D. 2005. Kosovo. The Politics of Identity and Space. London: Routledge.
  • Krasniqi, V. 2013. “Kosovo: Topography of the Construction of the Nation.” In Strategies of Symbolic Nation-Building in South Eastern Europe, edited by P. Kolstø, 139–164. Surrey: Ashgate Publishing Limited.
  • Lado, B. 2011. “Linguistic Landscape as a Reflection of the Linguistic and Ideological Conflict in the Valencian Community.” International Journal of Multilingualism 8 (2): 135–150. https://doi.org/10.1080/14790718.2010.550296.
  • Lanza, E., and H. Woldemariam. 2009. “Language Ideology and Linguistic Landscape: Language Policy and Globalisation in a Regional Capital of Ethiopia.” In Linguistic Landscape: Expanding the Scenery. NY &, edited by E. Shohamy, and D. Gorter, 189–205. London: Routledge.
  • Ley, David, and Roman Cybriwsky. 2010. “Urban Graffiti as Territorial Markers.” Annals of the Association of American Geographers 64 (4): 491–505. http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8306.1974.tb00998.x.
  • Malcolm, N. 1999. Kosovo. A Short History. New York: Harper Perennial.
  • McGaw, Janet. 2008. “Complex Relationships between Détournement and Récupération in Melbourne's Street (Graffiti and Stencil) Art Scene.” Architectural Theory Review 13 (2): 222–239. http://doi.org/10.1080/13264820802216858.
  • Messekher, H. 2015. “A Linguistic Landscape Analysis of the Sociopolitical Demonstrations of Algiers: A Politicized Landscape.” In Conflict, Exclusion and Dissent, edited by R. Rubdy, and S. Ben Said, 260–279. Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Morel, F. 2013. “Identity and Conflict: Cultural Heritage Reconstruction and National Identity in Kosovo.” Architecture, Media, Politics, Society 3 (1): 1–20.
  • Muth, S. 2014. “War, Language Removal and Self-Identification in the Linguistic Landscapes of Nagorno-Karabakh.” Nationalities Papers: The Journal of Nationalism and Ethnicity 42 (1): 63–87. https://doi.org/10.1080/00905992.2013.856394.
  • Muth, S. 2016. “Street art as Commercial Iscourse: Commericalisation and a new Typology of Signsin the Cityscapes of Chisiau and Minsk.” In Negotiating Identities in Linguistic Landscapes, edited by R. Blackwood, E. Lanza, and H. Woldemariam, 19–36. London: Bloomsbury.
  • Papen, U. 2012. “Commercial Discourses, Gentrification and Citizens’ Protest: The Linguistic Landscape of Prenzlauer Berg, Berlin1.” Journal of Sociolinguistics 16 (1): 56–80. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9841.2011.00518.x.
  • Pavlenko, A. 2009. “Language Conflict in Post-Soviet Linguistic Landscapes.” Journal of Slavic Linguistics 17 (1-2): 247–274. https://doi.org/10.1353/jsl.0.0025.
  • Pavlenko, A. 2010. Linguistic Landscape in the City, 133–152. Multilingual Matters.
  • Payton, J. R. 2006. “Ottoman Millet, Religious Nationalism, and Civil Society: Focus on Kosovo.” Occasional Ppaers on Religion in Eastern Europe 26 (1/2): 11–23.
  • Peck, A., and F. Banda. 2014. “Observatory's Linguistic Landscape: Semiotic Appropriation and the Reinvention of Space.” Social Semiotics 24 (3): 302–323. https://doi.org/10.1080/10350330.2014.896651.
  • Pennycook, A. 2010. Language as a Local Practice. London: Routledge.
  • Pennycook, A. 2022. “Street art Assemblages.” Social Semiotics 32 (4): 563–567. https://doi.org/10.1080/10350330.2022.2114731.
  • Rasinger, S. 2014. “Linguistic Landscapes in Southern Carinthia (Austria).” Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 35 (6): 580–602. https://doi.org/10.1080/01434632.2014.889142.
  • Ross, I. 2016. Routledge Handbook of Graffiti and Street Art.
  • Rubdy, R. 2015a. “Conflict and Exclusion: The Linguistic Landscape as an Arena of Contestation.” In Confluct, Exclusion and Dissent in the Linguistic Landscape, edited by R. Rubdy, and S. Ben Said, 1–26. Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Rubdy, R. 2015b. “A Multimodal Analysis of the Graffiti Commemorating the 26/11 Mumbai Terror Attacks: Constructing Self-Understandings of Senseless Violence.” In Confluct, Exclusion and Dissent in the Linguistic Landscape, edited by R. Rubdy, and S. Ben Said, 280–301. Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Schwandner-Sievers, S. 2013. “Democratisation Through Defiance? The Albanian Civil Organisation ‘Self-Determination and International Supervision in Kosovo.” In Civil Society and Transitions in the Western Balkans, edited by V. Bojicic-Dzelilovic, J. Ker-Lindsay, and D. Kostovicova, 95–116. Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Scollon, R., and S. Scollon. 2003. Discourses in Place. London: Routledge.
  • Seals, C. 2015. “Overcoming Erasure: Reappropriation of Space in the Linguistifc Landscape of Mass-Scale Protests.” In Conflict, Exclusion and Dissent, edited by R. Rubdy, and S. Ben Said, 223–238. Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Sebba, M. 2012. “Multilingualism in Written Discourse: An Approach to the Analysis of Multilingual Texts.” International Journal of BIlingualism 17 (1): 95–120. https://doi.org/10.1177/1367006912438301.
  • Shiri, S. 2015. “Co-constructing Dissent in the Translient Linguistic Landscape: Multilingual Protest Signs of the Tunisian Revolution.” In Conflict, Exclusion and Dissent, edited by R. Rubdy, and S. Ben Said, 239–260. Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Shohamy, E. 2012. Linguistic landscapes and multilingualism. Routledge.
  • Shohamy, E., and S. Waksman. 2010. “Decorating the City of Tel Aviv-Jaffa for its Centennial: Complementary Narratives via Linguistic Landscape.” In Linguistic Landscape in the City, edited by E. Shohamy, E. Ben-Rafael, and M. Barni, 57–73. Bristol: Multilingual Matters.
  • Sloboda, M. 2009. “State Ideology and Linguistic Landscape: A Comparative Analysis of (Post) Communist Belarus, Czech Republic and Slovakia.” In Linguistic Landscape. Expanding the Scenery, edited by E. Shohamy, and D. Gorter, 173–189. London: Routledge. Taylor & Francis Group.
  • Spolsky, B., and R. Cooper. 1991. The Languages of Jerusalem. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Strazzari, F., and E. Selenica. 2013. “Defining Civil Society in the Kosovo Context.” In Civil Society and Transitions in the Western Balkans, edited by V. Bojicic-Dzelilovic, J. Ker-Lindsay, and D. Kostovicova, 117–134. Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Tufi, S. 2016. “Constructing the Self in Contested Spaces: The Case of Slovenia-Speaking Minorities in the Area of Trieste.” In Negotiating and Contesting Identities in Linguistic Landscapes, edited by R. Blackwood, E. Lanza, and H. Woldemariam, 101–116. London: Boomsbury Publishing.
  • Vandenbroucke, M. 2017. “Language Ideologies and Re-emerging Indexicalities of French in Flanders.” Language in Society 46 (2): 407–432. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0047404517000197.
  • Vandenbroucke, M. 2018. “Multilingualism, Urban Change and Gentrification in the Landscape of a Brussels Neighbourhood.” Multilingua 37 (1): 25–52. https://doi.org/10.1515/multi-2015-0103.
  • Van Mensel, L., M. Vandenbroucke, and R. Blackwood. 2016. The Oxford Handbook of language and society, 423–450. Oxford University Press.
  • Wodak, R. 2006. “Mediation Between Discourse and Society: Assessing Cognitive Approaches in CDA.” Discourse Studies 8 (1): 179–190. https://doi.org/10.1177/1461445606059566.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.