Explaining the 2016 Islamist Mobilisation in Indonesia: Religious Intolerance, Militant Groups and the Politics of Accommodation

References

• Al Jazeera. (2014, 12 May). Is political Islam rising in Indonesia? Features.
   Google Scholar
• Aspinall, E. (2015). Oligarchic populism: Prabowo Subianto’s challenge to Indonesian democracy. Indonesia, 99, pp. 1–28.
   Google Scholar
• Aspinall, E. (2017, 16 February). Interpreting the Jakarta election. New Mandala.
   Google Scholar
• Assyaukanie, L. (2017, January). Unholy alliance: Ultra-conservatism and political pragmatism in Indonesia. Thinking ASEAN, 19.
   Google Scholar
• Bayat, A. (2007). Making Islam democratic: Social movements and the post-Islamist turn. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Buehler, M. (2012). Revisiting the inclusion-moderation thesis in the context of decentralized institutions: The behavior of Indonesia’s Prosperous Justice Party in national and local politics. Party Politics, 19( 2), 210–229.
   Google Scholar
• Bush, R. (2015). Religious politics and minority rights during the Yudhoyono presidency. In E. Aspinall, M. Mietzner, & D. Tomsa (Eds.), The Yudhoyono presidency: Indonesia’s decade of stability and stagnation (pp. 239–257). Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.
   Google Scholar
• Chaplin, C. (2016, 8 November). Stuck in the immoderate middle. New Mandala.
   Google Scholar
• Chernov Hwang, J. (2017). The disengagement of Indonesian jihadists: Understanding the pathways. Terrorism and Political Violence, 29(2), 277–295.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Clark, J. A., & Schwedler, J. (2003). Who opened the window? Women’s activism in Islamist parties. Comparative Politics, 35, 293–312.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fauzi, I. A. (2016, 9 December). Mobocracy? Counting the cost of the rallies to “defend Islam”. Indonesia at Melbourne.
   Google Scholar
• Fealy, G. (2016, 7 December). Bigger than Ahok: Explaining the 2 December mass rally. Indonesia at Melbourne.
   Google Scholar
• Fionna, U. (2016). The trap of pop-charisma for the institutionalization of Indonesia’s post-Suharto parties. Asian Journal of Political Science, 24(1), 124–141.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hamayotsu, K. (2011). The end of political Islam? A comparative analysis of religious parties in the Muslim democracy of Indonesia. Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs, 30(3), 133–159.
   Google Scholar
• Hamid, S. (2012, 25 July). Is the party over for Indonesia’s political parties? The Asia Foundation in Asia.
   Google Scholar
• Harsono, A. (2014, 14 May). Undoing Yudhoyono’s sectarian legacy. New Mandala.
   Google Scholar
• Hasyim, S. (2015). Majelis Ulama Indonesia and pluralism in Indonesia. Philosophy and Social Criticism, 41(4–5), 487–495.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huber, S., & Huber, O. W. (2012). The centrality of religiosity scale (CRS). Religion, 3, 710–724
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Indikator. (2017). Evaluasi tiga tahun pemerintahan Jokowi-JK dan efek elektoralnya: temuan survei nasional, 7–24 September 2017. Jakarta: Indikator Politik Indonesia.
   Google Scholar
• Jones, S. (2016, 1 November). Why Indonesian extremists are gaining ground. The Interpreter.
   Google Scholar
• Kalyvas, S. N. (1996). The rise of Christian democracy in Europe. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Lindsey, T. (2016, 25 November). Blasphemy charge reveals real fault lines in Indonesian democracy. Indonesia at Melbourne.
   Google Scholar
• LSI. (2010). Kerentanan terhadap radikalisme sosial-keagamaan. Temuan survei: 26 Maret – 6 April 2010. Jakarta: Lembaga Survei Indonesia.
   Google Scholar
• LSI. (2011). Kerentanan terhadap radikalisme sosial-keagamaan. Temuan survei: Juni–Juli 2011. Jakarta: Lembaga Survei Indonesia.
   Google Scholar
• LSI. (2016). Potensi radikalisme dan intoleransi sosial-keagamaan di kalangan Muslim Indonesia. Temuan survei: 30 Maret – 9 April 2016. Jakarta: Lembaga Survei Indonesia.
   Google Scholar
• Macdonald, G. (2016). Indonesia’s path to a liberal democracy: Lessons for the Middle East. In S. Florensa (Ed.), The challenges of transitions in the Arab world: Building democracies in light of international experiences (pp. 102–115). Barcelona: Institut Europeu de la Mediterrània.
   Google Scholar
• Mietzner, M. (2013). Money, power, and ideology: Political parties in post-authoritarian Indonesia. Honolulu: Hawaii University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Muhtadi, B. (2012). Dilema PKS: Suara dan syariah. Jakarta: Gramedia.
   Google Scholar
• Muhtadi, B. (2015). Jokowi’s first year: A weak president caught between reform and oligarchic politics. Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies, 51(3), 349–368.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mujani, S., & Liddle, R. W. (2009). Muslim Indonesia’s secular democracy. Asian Survey, 49(4), 575–590.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Murshed, S. M., & Pavan, S. (2009). Identity and Islamic radicalization in Western Europe. MICROCON Research Working Paper 16. Brighton: MICROCON.
   Google Scholar
• Pew Research Center. (2013). The world’s Muslims: Religion, politics and society. Washington, DC: Pew Research Center.
   Google Scholar
• Ricklefs, M. (2013). Religious elites and the state in Indonesia and elsewhere: Why takeovers are so difficult and usually don’t work. In Y.-F. Hui (Ed.), Encountering Islam: The politics of religious identities in Southeast Asia (pp. 17–46). Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.
   Google Scholar
• Scherpen, B. (2017, 24 February). Is hardline Islam really rising in Indonesia? New Mandala.
   Google Scholar
• Schwedler, J. (2006). Faith in moderation: Islamist parties in Jordan and Yemen. New York: Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Sherlock, S. (2008). Parties and decision-making in the Indonesian parliament: A case study of RUU APP, the Anti-pornography Bill. Australian Journal of Asian Law, 10(2), 159–183.
   Google Scholar
• SMRC. (2016). Protes massa dan kepemimpinan nasional: Sebuah evaluasi publik. Jakarta: Saiful Mujani Research and Consulting.
   Google Scholar
• Storm, I. (2012). Researching religion using quantitative methods. Manchester: Institute of Social Change, University of Manchester.
   Google Scholar
• Tomsa, D. (2010). The Indonesian party system after the 2009 elections: Towards stability? In E. Aspinall & M. Mietzner (Eds.), Problems of democratisation in Indonesia: Elections, institutions and society (pp. 141–159). Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.
   Google Scholar
• Tomsa, D. (2012). Moderating Islamism in Indonesia: Tracing patterns of party change in the Prosperous Justice Party. Political Research Quarterly, 65(3), 486–498.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Universität Münster. (2010, December). “Deutsche sind viel weniger tolerant gegenüber Muslimen”. Exzellenzcluster Religion und Politik.
   Google Scholar
• Varagur, K. (2017, 14 February). Indonesia’s moderate Islam is slowly crumbling. Foreign Policy.
   Google Scholar
• Veldhuis, T., & Staun, J. (2009). Islamist radicalisation: A root cause model. The Netherlands: Netherlands Institute of International Relations Clingendael.
   Google Scholar
• Wall Street Journal. (2016, 5 November). Hard-line strain of Islam gains ground in Indonesia, world’s largest Muslim country.
   Google Scholar
• Warburton, E. (2016). Jokowi and the New Developmentalism. Bulletin of Indonesian Economic Studies, 52(3), 297–320.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ward, K. (2008). Indonesian terrorism: From jihad to dakwah. In G. Fealy & S. White (Eds.), Expressing Islam: Religious life and politics in Indonesia (pp. 211–228). Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.
   Google Scholar
• Ward, K. (2009). Non-violent extremists? Hizbut Tahrir Indonesia. Australian Journal of International Affairs, 63(2), 149–164.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weng, H. W. (2016, 15 December). Defending Islam and reclaiming diversity. New Mandala.
   Google Scholar
• Wilson, I. (2014). Morality racketeering: Vigilantism and populist Islamic militancy in Indonesia. In K. Teik, V. Hadiz, & Y. Nakanishi (Eds.), Between dissent and power: The transformation of Islamic politics in the Middle East and Asia (pp. 248–274). Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
   Google Scholar
• Wilson, I. (2015). The politics of protection rackets in post-New Order Indonesia: Coercive capital, authority and street politics. London: Routledge.
   Google Scholar