References
Primary Sources
- Treaties and Conventions
- European Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, as amended by Protocols Nos. 11 and 14, 4 November 1950, ETS 5 (entered into force 3 September 1953) (ECHR).
- International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 16 December 1966, 999 UNTS171 (entered into force 23 March 1976) (ICCPR).
- International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, 16 December 1966, 993 UNTS 3 (entered into force 3 January 1976) (ICESCR).
- ILO Convention – Decent Work for Domestic Workers, 16 June 2011, PRNo 15A (entered into force 5 September 2013).
- Slavery Convention, 25 September 1926, No 1414 (Entry into force: 9 March 1927).
- Supplementary Convention on the Abolition of Slavery, the Slave Trade, and Institutions and Practices Similar to Slavery, 7 September 1956, (Entry into Force: 30 April 1957).
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- Cases
- Chameli Singh and Others v State of Uttar Pradesh and Others (1996) 2 SCC 549 (Indian Supreme Court).
- Cth Director of Public Prosecutions v Kumuthini Kannan and Cth DPP and Kandasamy Jannan [2021] VSC 439 (Kannan).
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- Legislation
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- Crimes Legislation Amendment (Law Enforcement Integrity, Vulnerable Witness Protection and Other Measures) Act 2013 (Cth).
- Criminal Code Amendment (Slavery and Sexual Servitude) Act 1999 (Cth).
- Criminal Code Amendment (Trafficking in Persons Offences) Act 2005 (Cth).
- Criminal Code (Slavery and Slavery-like Offences) Act 1995 (Cth).
- Fair Work Act 2009 (Cth).
- Fair Work Amendment (Protecting Vulnerable Workers) Act 2017 (Cth).
- Foreign Passports (Law Enforcement and Security) Act 2005 (Cth).
- Human Rights Act 2019 (Qld).
- Modern Slavery Act 2018 (Cth).
- Modern Slavery Act 2018 (NSW).
- Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 (Cth).
- UN Documents
- Urmila Bhoola, Report of the Special Rapporteur on Contemporary Forms of Slavery, Including Its Causes and Consequences on Her Mission to Paraguay: Note / by the Secretariat, UN SR Report UN Doc A/HRC/39/52 (20 July 2018).
- Jorge Bustamante, Report of the Special Rapporteur on the Human Rights of Migrants, Addendum: Mission to the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, UN Doc A/HRC/14/30/Add.3 (16 March 2010).
- Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, General Comment No 3: The Nature of States Parties’ Obligations (Art. 2, Para. 1, of the Covenant), 51st sess, UN Doc E/1991/23 (14 December 1990).
- Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, General Comment No 4: The Right to Adequate Housing (Art. 11 (1) of the Covenant), UN Doc E/1992/23 (13 December 1991).
- Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, Consideration of Reports Submitted by States Parties under Articles 16 and 17 of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, Fifth Periodic Reports of States Parties due in 2014: Australia, UN Doc E/C.12/AUS/5 (16 February 2016).
- Committee on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families, General Comment No 1 CMW/C/GC1 (23 February 2011).
- Gulnara Shahinian, Report of the UN Special Rapporteur on Contemporary Forms of Slavery, Including Its Causes and Consequences, UN Doc A/HRC/15/20 (18 June 2010).
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- Catherine Christ and Roger Burritt (2017) ‘Current Perceptions on the Problem of Modern Slavery in Business’ 1(2) Business Strategy and Development 103.
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- Deanna Davy (2016) ‘Human Trafficking and Slavery in Australia: Pathways, Tactics, and Subtle Elements of Enslavement’ 26(3) Women and Criminal Justice 1.
- Leilani Farha (1999) ‘Women and Housing’ in KD Askin and DM Koenig (eds) Women and International Human Rights Law, Vol. 1, Transnational Publishers.
- Judy Fudge and Kendra Strauss (2014) ‘Migrants, Unfree Labour, and the Legal Construction of Domestic Servitude: Migrant Domestic Workers in the UK’ in C Costello and M Freedland (eds) Migrants at Work: Immigration and Vulnerability in Labour Law, Oxford University Press.
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- Jessie Hohmann (2013) The Right to Housing: Law, Concepts, Possibilities, Hart Publishing.
- Jessie Hohmann (2020) ‘Toward a Right to Housing for Australia: Reframing Affordability Debates Through Article 11(1) of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights’ 26(2) Australian Journal of Human Rights 292.
- Jessie Hohmann (2022) ‘A Right to Housing for the Victorian Charter of Human Rights and Responsibilities? Assessing Potential Models under the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights; the European Social Charter; and the South African Constitution’ Monash University Law Review, https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3973168.
- Nicola Lacey (1993) ‘Theory into Practice? Pornography and the Public Private Dichotomy’ 20(1) Journal of Law and Society 93.
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- Catherine MacKinnon (1989) ‘Feminism, Marxism, Method and the State: Toward Feminist Jurisprudence’ in AC Hutchinson (ed) Critical Legal Studies, Rowman and Littlefield.
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- John Murphy et al (2011) Half a Citizen: Life on Welfare in Australia, Routledge.
- Michelle Oren et al (2014) ‘Housing Rights in Constitutional Legislation: A Conceptual Classification’ in P Kenna (ed) Contemporary Housing Issues in a Globalized World, Ashgate.
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- Celina Romany (1993) ‘Women as Aliens: A Feminist Critique of the Public/Private Distinction in International Human Rights Law’ 6 Harvard Human Rights Journal 87.
- Alexandra L. Rose (2021), ‘A Cross-Sectional Comparison of the Mental Health of People Trafficked to the UK for Domestic Servitude, for Sexual Exploitation and for Labor Exploitation’ 7(2) Journal of Human Trafficking 1.
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- María Magdalena Sepúlveda-Carmona (2003), The Nature of the Obligations under the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, Intersentia.
- Frances Simmons and Jennifer Burn (2013) ‘Without Consent: Forced Marriage in Australia’ 36(3) Melbourne University Law Review 970.
- Russel Solomon (2017). ‘Bounded Political Contestation: The Domestic Translation of International Health and Housing Rights in Australia’ 52(3) Australian Journal of Political Science 367.
- Victoria Stead and Lucy Davies (2020) ‘Unfree Labour and Australia’s Obscured Pacific Histories: Towards a New Genealogy of Modern Slavery’ 45(3) Journal of Australian Studies 400.
- Ann Stewart (2011) Gender Law and Justice in a Global Market, Cambridge University Press.
- Ramona Vijeyarasa (2019) ‘A Missed Opportunity: How Australia Failed to Make Its Modern Slavery Act a Global Example of Good Practice’ 40(3) Adelaide Law Review 857.
- Ramona Vijeyarasa and Jose Miguel Bello y Villarino (2002) ‘Modern Day Slavery – A Judicial Catchall for Trafficking, Slavery and Labour Exploitation: A Critique of Tang and Rantsev’ 9(1) Journal of IL and IR 38.
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- Stuart Wilson (2020) ‘The Right to Adequate Housing’ in Jackie Dugard et al (eds) Research Handbook on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights as Human Rights, Edward Elgar.
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- Reports and Websites
- ANROWS (2021) ‘Defining and Responding to Coercive Control: Policy Brief’, https://20ian81kynqg38bl3l3eh8bf-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/Coercive-Control-Policy-Brief-ANROWS-Insights-1.1.pdf.
- Australian Government (2020) ‘National Action Plan to Combat Modern Slavery 2020–2025’, https://www.homeaffairs.gov.au/criminal-justice/files/nap-combat-modern-slavery-2020-25.pdf.
- Australian Red Cross (2021) ‘Barriers in Accommodating Survivors of Modern Slavery: Working Towards Safe, Suitable, and Sustainable Housing’, https://www.redcross.org.au/globalassets/corporatecms-migration/migration-support/support-for-trafficked-people/barriers-in-accommodating-survivors-of-modern-slavery.pdf.
- Compass Housing Services (2021) ‘Meeting Social Housing Need: A Tipping Point for Federal Intervention’, https://www.compasshousing.org/sites/default/files/Meeting%20Social%20Housing%20Need%20A%20Tipping%20Point%20for%20Federal%20Intervention_August%202021.pdf.
- Human Rights Watch (2005) ‘Maid to Order: Ending Abuses against Migrant Domestic Workers in Singapore’ (Vol. 17 No 10), https://www.hrw.org/reports/2005/singapore1205/singapore1205wcover.pdf.
- ILO (2013a) ‘Domestic Work Policy Brief No 7: Working Time of Live-in Domestic Workers’, https://www.ilo.org/travail/info/publications/WCMS_230837/lang–en/index.htm.
- ILO (2013b) ‘Domestic Workers Across the World: Global and Regional Statistics and the Extent of Legal Protection’, https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/—dgreports/—dcomm/—publ/documents/publication/wcms_173363.pdf.
- ILO (2015a) ‘Domestic Work Policy Brief No 9: Making Decent Work a Reality for Domestic Workers Worldwide’, https://www.ilo.org/global/topics/domestic-workers/publications/WCMS_436974/lang–en/index.htm.
- ILO (2015b) ‘Global Estimates on Migrant Workers’, https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/—dgreports/—dcomm/documents/publication/wcms_436343.pdf.
- ILO (2017) ‘Global Estimates of Modern Slavery: Forced Labour and Forced Marriage’, https://www.ilo.org/wcmsp5/groups/public/@dgreports/@dcomm/documents/publication/wcms_575479.pdf.
- ILO (2018) ‘Care Work and Care Jobs for the Future of Decent Work’, https://www.ilo.org/global/publications/books/WCMS_633135/lang–en/index.htm.
- ILO (2021) ‘Making Decent Work a Reality for Domestic Workers: Progress and Prospects Ten Years after the Adoption of the Domestic Workers Convention’ (No 189), https://www.ilo.org/global/publications/books/WCMS_802551/lang–en/index.htm.
- Joint Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs (2017) ‘Hidden in Plain Sight: An Inquiry into Establishing a Modern Slavery Act in Australia’, https://parlinfo.aph.gov.au/parlInfo/download/committees/reportjnt/024102/toc_pdf/HiddeninPlainSight.pdf;fileType=application%2Fpdf.
- Jacqueline Joudo Larsen and Lauren Renshaw (2012) ‘People trafficking in Australia’ (No 441), Australian Institute of Criminology, https://apo.org.au/sites/default/files/resource-files/2012-06/apo-nid30100.pdf.
- Samantha Lyneham et al (2019) ‘Estimating the Dark Figure of Human Trafficking and Slavery Victimisation in Australia’, Australian Institute of Criminology, https://www.aic.gov.au/sites/default/files/2020-05/sb_human_trafficking_050219.pdf.
- Heather Moore (2019) ‘Service or Servitude: A Study of Trafficking for Domestic Work in Australia’, Mercy Foundation, https://www.mercyfoundation.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/Service-or-Servitude-Domestic-Servitude-in-Australia-Report.pdf.
- National Roundtable on Human Trafficking and Slavery (2015) ‘Guidelines for NGOs: Working with Trafficked People’, https://www.homeaffairs.gov.au/criminal-justice/files/guidelines-ngos-working-with-trafficked-people.pdf.
- New South Wales Government, Victims Services, Victims Support Scheme, ‘Eligibility Criteria’, https://victimsservices.justice.nsw.gov.au/victims-services/how-can-we-help-you/victims-support-scheme/eligibility-criteria.html#Victims1.
- Parliament of Victoria (2021) ‘Legal and Social Issues Committee’, Inquiry into Homelessness in Victoria (Final Report, March 2021).
- C Powell (2020) Early and Forced Marriage Therapeutic Program: An Evaluative Study (Internal Lighthouse Foundation Report: Unpublished. Lighthouse Institute Record No. 20201YWFP (cited with Permission of the Lighthouse Foundation).
- Red Cross Australia (2019) ‘Support for Trafficked People Program’, https://www.redcross.org.au/getmedia/7a957782-a7a1-4b25-97c0-86930dbf0f53/ARC-Support-For-Trafficked-People-Program-Data-Snapshot-2009-to-2019-small.pdf.aspx.
- Kelly Richards and Samantha Lyneham (2014) ‘Help-Seeking Strategies of Victim/Survivors of Human Trafficking Involving Partner Migration’ (No 468), Australian Institute of Criminology, https://apo.org.au/node/37516.
- UNANIMA International (2021) ‘The Intersections of Family, Homelessness and Human Trafficking’, https://brigidine.org.au/wp-content/uploads/2021/05/Intersections-of-Family-Homelessness-and-Human-Trafficking.pdf.
- US Department of State (2009) ‘Victims of Trafficking and Violence Protection Act of 2000: Trafficking in Persons Report’ (Washington DC), https://2009-2017.state.gov/documents/organization/123357.pdf.
- Danielle Wood et al (2021) ‘Women’s Work: The Impact of the Covid Crisis on Australian Women’, Grattan Institute, https://grattan.edu.au/wp-content/uploads/2021/03/Womens-work-Grattan-Institute-report.pdf.