Bearing Force Monitoring in a Three-Shift Production Environment

REFERENCES

• Dyer , D. and Stewart , R. M. , “ Detection of Rolling Element Bearing Damage by Statistical Vibration Analysis ,” Jour. of Mech. Design , 100 , pp 229 – 235 ( 1978 ).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mathew , J. and Alfredson , R. J. , “ The Condition Monitoring of Rolling Element Bearings Using Vibration Analysis ,” Jour. of Vibration, Acoustics, Stress, and Reliability in Design , 106 , pp 447 – 453 ( 1984 ).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Braun , S. , “ Vibration Based Diagnostics ,” Cond. Monitoring & Diagnostic Tech. , 1 , 4 , pp 136 – 143 ( 1991 ).
   Google Scholar
• Tan , C. C. , “ Application of Acoustic Emission to the Detection of Bearing Failures ,” in Proc. of Intl. Trib. Conf , Institution of Engineers, Australia, Brisbane, Australia, 90 , 14 , pp 110 – 114 ( 1990 ).
   Google Scholar
• Harris , T. A. , “ How to Compute the Effects of Preloaded Bearings ,” Product Eng , pp 84 – 90 ( 1965 ).
   Google Scholar
• Golovatenko , V. G. and Skorynin , Yu. V. , “ Selection of Optimum Interferences in High-Speed Anti-Friction Bearings ,” Soviet Eng. Res. , 7 , 9 , pp 14 – 17 ( 1987 ).
   Google Scholar
• Kim , K. and Kim , S. S. , “ Effect of Preload on Running Accuracy of Spindle ,” Int'l Jour. of Mach. Tools and Manufacture , 29 , 1 , pp 99 – 105 ( 1989 ).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• RHP Precision , High Precision Bearings , Catalog C826 , ( 1987 ).
   Google Scholar
• Carmichael , G. D. T. and Davies , P. B. , “ Measurement of Thermally Induced Preloads in Bearings ,” Strain , 6 , 4 , pp 162 – 165 ( 1970 ).
   Google Scholar
• Tlusty , J. and Andrews , G. C. , “ A Critical Review of Sensors for Unmanned Machining ,” Annals of the CIRP. 32 , 2 , pp 563 – 572 ( 1983 ).
   Google Scholar
• Promess Inc. , System Description, Tool Monitoring with Wear Control , Documentation No. 046: Turning 1 , ( 1984 ).
   Google Scholar
• Tu , J. F. and Stein , J. L. , “ On-Line Preload Monitoring for High-Speed Anti-Friction Spindle Bearings ,” ASME Jour. of Dynamic Systems, Measurements, and Control , 117 , ( 1995 ).
   Google Scholar
• Sud , O. N. , Davies , P. B. and Halling , J. , “ The Thermal Behavior of Rolling Bearing Assemblies Subjected to Preload ,” Wear , 27 , 2 , pp 240 – 246 ( 1974 ).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lacey , S. J. , Wardle , F. P. and Poon , S. Y. , “ High-Speed Bearing for CNC Machine Tool Spindles ,” Chartered Mech. Eng , 30 , 12 , pp 51 – 56 ( 1983 ).
   Google Scholar
• Tu , J. F. , “ On-Line Preload Monitoring for High-Speed Anti-Friction Spindle Bearings Using Robust State Observers ,” Ph.D. Thesis, The University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , MI , ( 1991 ).
   Google Scholar
• Stein , J. L. and Tu , J. F. , “ A State-Space Model for Monitoring Thermally Induced Preload in Anti-Friction Spindle Bearings of High-Speed Machine Tools ,” ASME Jour, of Dynamic Systems, Measurements, and Control , 116 , 3 , pp 372 – 386 ( 1994 ).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tu , J. F. , “ Thermoelastic Instability Monitoring for Preventing Spindle Bearing Seizure ,” Trib. Trans. , 38 , 1 , pp 11 – 18 ( 1995 ).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harris , T. A. , Rolling Beating Analysis , Wiley , New York , ( 1991 ).
   Google Scholar