Surface Films and Soluble Degradation Products Formed in a PFPAE Fluid and Their Implications to the Wear of Steel

REFERENCES

• Carré , D. J. , “ Perfluoropolyalkylether Oil Degradation: Influence of FeF3 Formation on Steel Surfaces under Boundary Conditions ,” ASLE Trans. , 29 , pp 121 – 125 ( 1986 ).
   Google Scholar
• Zaretsky , E. V. , “ Liquid Lubrication in Space ,” Trib. Int'l , 23 , pp 75 – 93 ( 1990 ).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Snyder , C. E. and Dolle , R. E. , “ Development of Polyperfluoroalkylethers as High Temperature Lubricants and Hydraulic Fluids ,” ASLE Trans. , 19 , pp 171 – 180 ( 1976 ).
   Google Scholar
• Snyder , C. E. , Gschwender , L. J. and Tamborski , C. , “ Linear Polyperfluoroalkylether-Based Wide-Liquid-Range High Temperature Fluids and Lubricants ,” Lubr. Eng. , 37 , pp 344 – 349 ( 1981 ).
   Google Scholar
• Sianesi , D. , Zamboni , V. , Fontanelli , R. and Binaghi , M. , “ Perfluoropolyethers: Their Physical Properties and Behavior at High and Low Temperatures ,” Wear , 18 , pp 85 – 100 ( 1971 ).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paciorek , K. J. L. , Kratzer , R. H. , Kaufman , J. and Nakahara , J. H. , “ Thermal Oxidative Studies of Poly(hexafluoropropene Oxide) Fluids ,” Jour. Appl. Poly. Sci. , 24 , 6 , pp 1397 – 1411 ( 1979 ).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Çavdar , B. and Ludema , K. C. , “ Dynamics of Dual Film Formation in Boundary Lubrication of Steels, Part I: Mechanical Properties ,” Wear , 148 , pp 305 – 327 ( 1991 ).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Çavdar , B. and Ludema , K. C. , “ Dynamics of Dual Film Formation in Boundary Lubrication of Steels, Part II: Chemical Analysis ,” Wear , 148 , pp 329 – 346 ( 1991 ).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Çavdar , B. , “ Dynamics of Chemical Adsorbate Film Formation and Removal in Boundary Lubrication of Steel ,” Ph.D. Dissertation, Univ. of Michigan , Ann Arbor , MI , ( 1991 ).
   Google Scholar
• Carré , D. J. and Markowitz , J. A. , “ The Reaction of Perfluoropolyalkylether Oil with FeF3, AlF3, and AlCl3 at Elevated Temperatures ,” ASLE Trans. , 28 , 1 , pp 40 – 46 ( 1985 ).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zehe , M. J. and Faut , O. D. , “ Acidic Attack of Perfluorinated Alkyl Ether Lubricant Molecules by Metal Oxide Surfaces ,” Trib. Trans. , 33 , 4 , pp 634 – 640 ( 1990 ).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Masuko , M. , Fujinami , I. and Okabe , H. , “ Lubrication Performance of Perfluoropolyalkylethers under High Vacuum ,” Wear , 159 , pp 249 – 256 ( 1992 ).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Strom , B. D. , Bogy , D. B. , Walmsley , R. G. , Brandt , J. and Bhalia , C. S. , “ Gaseous Wear Products from Perfluoropolyether Lubricant Films ,” Wear , 168 , pp 31 – 36 ( 1993 ).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• John , P. J. and Liang , J. , “ Initial Metal Fluoride Formation at Metal/Fluorocarbon Interfaces ,” Jour. Vac. Sci. Tech. , A 12 , pp 199 – 204 ( 1994 ).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walczak , M. M. and Thiel , P. A. , “ The Bonding of Fluorinated and Hydrogenated Diethers to Ru (001) ,” Surf. Sci. , 224 , pp 425 – 450 ( 1989 ).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herrera-Fierro , P. , Jones , W. R. and Pepper , S. V. , “ Interfacial Chemistry of a Perfluoropolyether Lubricant Studied by X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Temperature Desorption Spectroscopy ,” Jour. Vac. Sci. Tech. , A 11 , pp 354 – 367 ( 1993 ).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herrera-Fierro , P. , Masuko , M. , Jones , W. R. and Pepper , S. V. , “ XPS Analysis of 440°C Steel Surfaces Lubricated with Perfluoropolyethers Under Sliding Conditions in High Vacuum ,” NASA TM 106548 , ( 1994 ).
   Google Scholar
• Çavdar , B. , Sharma , S. K. and Gschwender , L. J. , “ Wear-Reducing Surface Films Formed by a Fluorinated Sulfonamide Additive in a Chlorotrifluoroethylene-Based Fluid ,” Lubr. Eng. , 50 , pp 895 – 902 ( 1994 ).
   Google Scholar
• Pan , P. and Hamrock , B. J. , “ Simple Formulas for Performance Parameters Used in Elastohydrodynamic Lubricated Line Contacts ,” ASME Trans. , 111 , pp 246 – 251 ( 1989 ).
   Google Scholar
• Jacobson , B. O. , Rheology and Elastohydrodynamic Lubrication , Elsevier , New York , ( 1991 ).
   Google Scholar
• Katon , J. E. , Sommer , A. J. and Lang , P. L. , “ Infrared Microspectroscopy ,” Appl. Spec. Rev. , 25 , 3 – 4 pp 173 – 211 ( 1989–90 ).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pan , F. M. , Lin , Y. L. and Horng , S. R. , “ Decomposition of Perfluoropolyethers during XPS Measurements ,” Appl. Surf. Sci. , 47 , pp 9 – 16 ( 1991 ).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Redington , R. L. and Lin , K. C. , “ Infrared Spectra of Trifluoroacetic Acid and Trifluoroacetic Anhydride ,” Spectro Chim. Acta , 27A , pp 2445 – 2460 ( 1971 ).
   Google Scholar
• Liang , J. and Roselius , M. J. , “ FTIR Study of a Perfluoroacyl Fluoride Chemisorption onto Alumina ,” Fluorine Chem. , 67 , pp 113 – 117 ( 1994 ).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tallian , T. E. , Failure Atlas for Hertz Contact Machine Elements , ASME Press , New York , ( 1992 ).
   Google Scholar
• Archard , J. F. , “ The Temperature of Rubbing Surfaces ,” Wear , 2 , pp 438 – 455 ( 1958–59 ).
   Google Scholar
• Karis , T. E. , Novotny , V. J. and Johnson , R. D. , “ Mechanical Scission of Perfluoropolyethers ,” Jour. Appl. Polym. Sci. , 50 , pp 1357 – 1368 ( 1993 ).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kasai , P. H. , Tang , W. T. and Wheeler , P. , “ Degradation of Perfluoropolyethers Catalyzed by Aluminum Oxide ,” Appl. Surf. Sci. , 51 , pp 201 – 211 ( 1991 ).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kasai , P. H. and Wheeler , P. , “ Degradation of Perfluoropolyethers Catalyzed by Aluminum Chloride ,” Appl. Surf. Sci. , 52 , pp 91 – 106 ( 1991 ).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Harrison , P. G. and Guest , A. , “ Tin Oxide Surfaces, Part 21: Infrared Study of the Chemisorption of 2,2,2-Trifluoroethanol, 1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoropropan-2-ol, 1,1,1-Trifluoropropan-2-one, 1,1,1,3,3,3-Hexafluoropropan-2-one and Trifluoroacetic Acid on Tin (IV) Oxide Gel ,” Jour. Chem. Soc. Faraday-Trans. , 87 , 12 , pp 1929 – 1934 ( 1991 ).
   Google Scholar
• Mori , S. and Morales , W. , “ Tribological Reactions of Perfluoroalkyl Polyether Oils with Stainless Steel Under Ultra High Vacuum Tempera-lures ,” Wear , 192 , pp 111 – 121 ( 1989 ).
   Google Scholar
• Harrison , J. A. , White , C. T. , Colton , R. J. and Brenner , D. W. , “ Atomistic Simulations of Friction at Sliding Diamond Interfaces ,” MRS Bulletin , 18 , 5 , pp 50 – 53 ( 1993 ).
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar