231
Views
22
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Composition, Distribution, and Sources of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments of the Gulf of Milazzo (Mediterranean Sea, Italy)

, , , , &
Pages 397-424 | Received 24 Jul 2013, Accepted 01 Mar 2014, Published online: 13 Jun 2014

REFERENCES

  • Denissenko, M.F., A. Pao, M. Tang, and G.P. Pfeifer. “Preferential Formation of Benzo(a)pyrene Adducts at Lung Cancer Mutational Hotspots in P53.” Science 274 (1996): 430–32.
  • Hoffman, E.J., G.L. Mills, J.S. Latimer, and J.G. Quinn. “Urban Runoff as a Source of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons to Coastal Waters.” Environmental Science and Technology 18 (1984): 580–87.
  • Pruell, R.J. and J.G. Quinn. “Geochemistry of Organic Contaminants in Narragansett Bay Sediment, Estuarine.” Coastal and Shelf Science 21 (1985): 295–312.
  • White, K.L. “An Overview of Immunotoxicology and Carcinogenic Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons.” Environmental Carcinology Reviews 2 (1986): 163–202.
  • Harvey, R.G. “Environmental Chemistry of PAHs,” inThe Handbook of Environmental Chemistry-PAH and Related Compound, Vol. 3-I (Berlin: Springer, 1998), 1–54.
  • Salomons, W. “Long-Term Strategies for Handling Contaminated Sites and Large-Scale Areas,” in Biogeodynamics of Pollutants and Sediments, eds. W. Salomons and W. Stigliani, (Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 1995), 1–30.
  • Orecchio, S. and G. Polizzotto. “Fractionation of Mercury in Sediments during Draining of Augusta (Italy) Coastal Area by Modified Tessier Method.” Microchemical Journal 110 (2013): 452–7.
  • Al-Yakoob Saeed, S.N. and H. Al-Hashash. “Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Fish: Exposure Assessment for Kuwaiti Consumers after the Gulf Oil Spill of 1991.” Environment International 20 (1994): 221–7.
  • Colombo, J.C., C. Barreda, N.C. Bilos, M.C. Migoya, and C. Skorupka. “Oil Spill in the Rio de la Plata estuary, Argentina: 2-Hydrocarbon Disappearance Rates in Sediments and Soils.” Environmental Pollution. 134 (2005): 267–76.
  • Budzinski, H., I. Jones, J. Bellocq, C. Pierard, and P. Garrigues. “Evaluation of Sediment Contamination by Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon in the Gironde Estuary.” Marine Chemistry 58 (1997): 85–97.
  • Colombo, J.C., E. Pelletin, C. Brochn, M. Khall, and A. Catoggio. “Determination of Hydrocarbon Distribution Indexes—Case Study: Rio de la Plata estuary, Argentina” Environmental Science and Technology 23 (1989): 888–94.
  • Dachs, J., J.M. Bayona, C. Raoux, and J. Albaiges. “Spatial, Vertical Distribution and Budget of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Western Mediterranean Seawater.” Environmental Science and Technology 31 (1997): 682–8.
  • Orecchio, S., S. Cannata, and L. Culotta. “How Building an Underwater Pipeline Connecting Libya to Sicilian Coast is Affecting Environment: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Sediments; Monitoring the Evolution of the Shore Approach Area of the Gulf of Gela (Italy).” Hazardous Materials 181 (2010): 647–58.
  • Giacalone, A., A. Gianguzza, M.R. Mannino, S. Orecchio, and D. Piazzese. 2004 “Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments of Marine Coastal Lagoons in Messina, Italy: Extraction and GC/MS Analysis, Distribution and Sources.” Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds 24 (2004): 135–49.
  • Notar, M., H. Leskovsek, and J. Faganeli. “Composition, Distribution and Sources of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments of the Gulf of Trieste, Northern Adriatic Sea.” Marine Pollution Bulletin 42 (2001): 36–44.
  • Culotta, L., C. De Stefano, A. Gianguzza, M.R. Mannino, and S. Orecchio. “The PAH Composition of Surface Sediments from Stagnone Coastal Lagoon, Marsala (Italy).” Marine Chemistry 99 (2006): 117–27.
  • Frenna, S., A. Mazzola, S. Orecchio, and N. Tuzzolino. “Comparison of Different Methods for Extraction of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) from Sicilian (Italy) Coastal Area Sediments.” Environmental Monitoring and Assessment 185 (2013): 5551–62.
  • Barreca, S., A. Mazzola, S. Orecchio, and N. Tuzzolino. “PAHs and PCBs in Sediments from Sicilian Coastal Area (Scoglitti) using Automated Soxhlet, GC-MS and Principal Component Analysis.” Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds, 34, no. 4 (2014): 237–62.
  • Gianguzza, A., M.R. Mannino, A. Olivo, and S. Orecchio. “Occurrence and Concentration of PAHs in Clams and Sediments of Marine Coastal Lagoon of Ganzirri (Italy). Extraction and GC-MS Analysis Distribution and Sources.” Fresenius Environmental Bulletin 15 (2006): 1023–1030.
  • Howsam, M. and K.C. Jones. Sources of PAHs in the Environment. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry—PAHs and Related Compounds, vol. . 3-I (Berlin: Springer, 1998), 137–74.
  • Wakeham, S.G., C. Schaffner, and W. Giger. “Perylene in Sediments from the Namibian Shelf.” Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 43 (1979): 1141–4.
  • Wakeham, S.G., C. Schaffner, and W. Giger. “Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Recent Lake Sediment-II. Compounds Derived from Biogenic Precursors during Early Diagenesis.” Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 44 (1980): 415–29.
  • Lipiatou, E., J.-C. Marty, and A. Saliot. “Sediment Trap Fluxes of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Mediterranean Sea.” Marine Chemistry 44 (1993): 43–54.
  • Garrigues, P., H. Budzinski, M.P. Manitz, and S.A. Wise. “Pyrolytic and Petrogenic Inputs in Recent Sediments: A Definitive Signature through Phenanthrene and Chrysene Compounds Distribution.” Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds 7 (1995): 275–284.
  • Magi, E., R. Bianco, C. Ianni, and M.D. Carro. “Distribution of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Sediment of the Adriatic Sea.” Environmental Pollution 119 (2002): 91–8.
  • Zakaria, M.P., H. Takada, S. Tsutsumi, K. Ohno, J. Yamada, E. Kouno, and H. Kumata. “Distribution of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Rivers and Estuaries in Malaysia: A Widespread Input of Petrogenic PAHs.” Environmental Science and Technology 36 (2002): 1907–18.
  • Simoneit, B.R. T. Biomarker PAHs in the Environment in The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry - PAH and Related Compounds, Vol. 3-I (Berlin: Springer, 1998), 175–222.
  • Sporstol, S., N. Gjos, R.G. Lichtenthalter, K.O. Gustavsen, K. Urdal, F. Oreld, and J. Skei. “Source Identification of Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments using GC/MS.” Environmental Science and Technology 17 (1983): 282–6.
  • Kim, G.B., K.A. Maruja, R.F. Lee, J.H. Lee, C.H. Koh, and S.S. Tanabe. “Distribution and Sources of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments from Kyeonggi Bay, Korea.” Marine Pollution Bulletin 28 (1999): 166–9.
  • Benlahcen, K.T., A. Chaoui, H. Budzinski, J. Bellocq, and P.H. Garrigues. “Distribution and Sources of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Some Mediterranean Coastal Sediments.” Marine Pollution Bulletin 34 (1997): 298–305.
  • Witt, G. “Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Water and Sediments of the Baltic Sea.” Marie Pollution Bulletin 31 (1995): 237–48.
  • APAT IRSA-CNR. “Manuali e linee guida, Sezione 5000, 29/2003.” . Istituto di Ricerca sulle Acque, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche. www.apat.gov.it/Pubblicazioni. (accessed May 8, 2014).
  • You, S.J., Y. Yin, and H.E. Allen. “Partitioning of Dissolved Organic Matter in Soils: Effects of pH and Water: Soil Ratio.” Science and the Total Environment 227 (1999): 155–60.
  • Orecchio, S. and M.R. Mannino. “Chemical Speciation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Sediments: Partitioning and Extraction of Humic Substances.” Marine Pollution Bulletin 60 (2010): 1175–81.
  • Nam, K., N. Chung, and M. Alexander. “Relationship between Organic Matter Content of Soil and the Sequestration of Phenanthrene.” Environmental Science and Technology 32 (1998): 3785–8.
  • Nam, K. and M. Alexander. “Role of Nanoporosity and Hydrophobicity in Sequestration and Bioavailability: Tests with Model Solids” Environmental Science and Technology 32 (1998): 71–4.
  • Nam, K. and J.Y. Kim. “Role of Loosely Bound Humic Substances and Humin in the Bioavailability of Phenanthrene Aged in Soil.” Environmental Pollution 118 (2002): 427–33.
  • Budzinski, H., M. Letellier, P. Garrigues, and K. Le Menach. “Optimisation of the Microwave-Assisted Extraction in Open Cell of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Soils and Sediments, Study of Moisture Effect.” Chromatography 837 (1999): 187–200.
  • LaFlamme, R.E. and R.A. Hites. “The Global Distribution of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Recent Sediments.” Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 42 (1978): 289–303.
  • Neff, J.M. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Aquatic Environment: Sources, Fates and Biological Effects (London: Applied Science Publishers, 1979).
  • Long, E.R. and D.D. MacDonald. “Incidence of Adverse Biological Effects within Ranges of Chemical Concentration in Marine and Estuarine Sediments.” Environmental Management 19 (1995): 81–97
  • Long, E.R., L.J. Field, and D.D. MacDonald. “Predicting Toxicity in Marine Sediments with Numeral Sediment Quality Guidelines.” Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry 17 (1998): 714–27.
  • Tornero, V. and M. Ribera d’Alcalà. “Contamination by Hazardous Substances in the Gulf of Naples and Nearby Coastal Areas: A Review of Sources, Environmental Levels and Potential Impacts in the MSFD Perspective.” Science in the Total Environment 466–467 (2014): 820–40.
  • Bouloubassi, I., V. Roussiez, M. Azzoug, and A. Lorre. “Sources, Dispersal Pathways and Mass Budget of Sedimentary Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAH) in the NW Mediterranean Margin, Gulf of Lions.” Marine Chemistry 142–144 (2012): 18–28.
  • Kalf, D.F., T. Crommentuijn, and E.J. van de Plassche. “Environmental Quality Objectives for 10 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs).” Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 36 (1997): 89–97.
  • Crommentuijn, T., D. Sijm, J. de Bruijn, K. van Leeuwen, and E. van de Plassche. “Maximum Permissible and Negligible Concentrations for Some Organic Substances and Pesticides.” Environmental Management 58 (2000): 297–312.
  • Orecchio, S. “Analytical Method, Pattern and Sources of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the Stone of the Temples of Agrigento (Italy).” Hazardous Materials 176 (2010): 339–47.
  • Orecchio, S. “Contamination from Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the Soil of a Botanical Garden Localized next to a Former Manufacturing Gas Plant in Palermo (Italy).” Hazardous Materials 180 (2010): 590–601.
  • Orecchio, S. “Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Indoor Emission from Decorative Candles.” Atmospheric Environment 45 (2011): 1888–95.
  • Liu, X., H. Jia, L. Wang, H. Qi, W. Ma, W. Hong, J. Guo, M. Yang, Y. Sun, and Y.Li. “Characterization of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Concurrently Monitored Surface Sea Water and Sediment along Dalian Coast after Oil Spill.” Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 90 (2013): 151–6.
  • Wang, D., M. Yang, H. Jia, and Y. Li. “Chemical Fingerprinting of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Crude Oil and Petroleum Product Samples.” Environmental Pollution Control 30 (2008a): 62–5.
  • de Wagener, L.R. A., G. de Fátima, M. Meniconi, C. Hamacher, C.O. Farias, and G.C. da Silva. “Hydrocarbons in Sediments of a Chronically Contaminated Bay: The Challenge of Source Assignment.” Marine Pollution Bulletin 64 (2012): 284–9.
  • Harris, K.A, M.B. Yunker, N. Dangerfield, and P.S. Ross. “Sediment-associated Aliphatic and Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Coastal British Columbia, Canada: Concentrations, Composition, and Associated Risks to Protected Sea Otters.” Environmental Pollution 159 (2011): 2665–74.
  • Soclo, H.H., P.H. Garrigues, and M. Ewald. “Origin of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Coastal Marine Sediments: Case Studies in Cotonou (Benin) and Aquitaine (France) Areas.” Marine Pollution Bulletin 40 (2000): 387–96.
  • Yunker, M.B, R.W. Macdonald, R. Vingarzan, R.H. Mitchell, D. Goyette, and S. Sylvestre. “PAHs in the Fraser River Basin: A Critical Appraisal of PAH Ratios as Indicators of PAH Source and Composition.” Organic Geochemistry 33 (2002): 489–515.
  • Mannino, M.R. and S. Orecchio. “Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Indoor Dust Matter of Palermo (Italy) Area: Extraction, GC–MS Analysis, Distribution and Sources.” Atmospheric Environment 42 (2008): 1801–17.
  • Guinan, J., M. Charlesworth, M. Service, and T. Oliver. “Sources and Geochemical Constraints of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Sediments and Mussels of Two Northern Irish Sea-Loughs.” Marine Pollution Bulletin 42 (2001): 1073–81.
  • Tam, N.F. Y., L. Ke, X.H. Wang, and Y.S. Wong. “Contamination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Surface Sediments of Mangrove Swamps.” Environmental Pollution 114 (2001): 255–63.
  • Hischenhuber, C. and T. Stijve. “Determination of benzo[a]pyrene in Roasted Coffee and Coffee Brews by HPLC with Fluorescence Detection.” Deutsche Lebensmittel Rundschau 83 (1987): 1–4.
  • Orecchio, S., V. Paradiso Ciotti, and L. Culotta. “Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Coffee Brew Samples: Analytical Method by GC–MS, Profile, Levels and Sources.” Food and Chemical Toxicology 47 (2009): 819–26.
  • Sicre, M.A., J.C. Marty, A. Saliot, X. Aparicio, J. Grimalt, and J. Albaiges. “Aliphatic and Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Different Size Aerosols over the Mediterranean Sea: Occurrence and Origin.” Atmospheric Environment 21 (1987): 2247–59.
  • Gogou, A., N. Stratigakis, I.M. Kanakidokou, and E. Stephanou. “Organic Aerosols in Eastern Mediterranean: Components Source Reconciliation by using Molecular Markers and Atmospheric Back Trajectories.” Organic Geochemistry 25 (1996): 79–96.
  • Binet, P., J. Portal, and C. Leyval. “Dissipation of 3–6 Ring Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Rhizosphere of Ryegrass.” Soil Biology & Biochemistry 32 (2002): 2011–17.
  • Sabatè, J., J.M. Bayona, and A.M. Solanas. “Photolysis of PAHs in Aqueous Phase by UV Irradiation.” Chemosphere 44 (2001): 119–24.
  • Ohkouchi, N., K. Kawamura, and H. Kawahata. “Distributions of Three- and Seven rings Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons on the Deep Sea Floor in Central Pacific.” Environmental Science and Technology 33 (1999): 3086–90.
  • De Luca, G., A. Futonio, R. Leardo, G. Micera, A. Panzanelli, P.C. Piu, and G. Sanna. “Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Assessment in the Sediments of the Porto Torre Harbor (Northern Sardinia, Italy).” Marine Chemistry 86 (2004): 15–32.
  • Kleber, M., M.A. Sparrow, B.R. T. Simoneit, and F.G. Prahl. “Solvent-Extractable Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Biochar: Influence of Pyrolysis Temperature and Feedstock.” Environmental Science and Technology 46 (2012): 9333–41.
  • Jenkins, B.M., A.D. Jones, S.Q. Turn, and R.B. Williams. “Emission Factors for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Biomass Burning.” Environmental Science and Technology 30 (1996): 2462–69.
  • Tissier, M.J. and A. Saliot. Advances in Organic Geochemistry (New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1983), 268–78.
  • Jiang, C., R. Alexander, R.I. Kagi, and A.P. Murray. “Origin of Perylene in Ancient Sediments and its Geological Significance.” Organic Geochemistry 31 (2000): 1545–59.
  • Bakhtiari, A.R., M.P. Zakaria, M.I. Yaziz, M.N. Hj Lajis, X. Bi, and M. Che Abd Rahim. “Vertical Distribution and Source Identification of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Anoxic Sediment Cores of Chini Lake, Malaysia: Perylene Next Term as Indicator of Land Plant-derived Hydrocarbons.” Applied Geochemistry 24 (2009): 1777–87.
  • Thiele, S. and G. Brummer. “Bioformation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soil under Oxygen Deficient Conditions.” Soil Biology and Biochemistry 34 (2002): 733–5.
  • Wilcke, W. “Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Soil – A Review.” Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 163 (2000): 229–48.
  • Thiele, S. and G. Brummer. “Bioformation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Soil under Oxygen Deficient Conditions.” Soil Biology and Biochemistry 34 (2002): 733–5.
  • Jiang, C., R. Alexander, R.I. Kagi, and A.P. Murray. “Origin of Perylene in Ancient Sediments and its Geological Significance.” Organic. Geochemistry 31 (2000): 1545–59.
  • Venkatesan, M. “Occurrence and Possible Sources of Perylene in Marine Sediments–A Review.” Marine Chemistry 25 (1988): 1–27.
  • Orecchio, S. “Assessment of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Soil of a Natural Reserve (Isola delle Femmine) (Italy) Located in Front of a Plant for the Production of Cement.” Hazardous Materials 173 (2010): 358–68.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.