Pesticide Analysis of Bee and Bee Product Samples

REFERENCES

• Porrini , C. , Ghini , S. , Girotti , S. , Sabatini , A. G. , Gattavecchia , E. and Celli , G. 2002 . “ Use of honey bees as bioindicators of environmental pollution in Italy ” . In Honey bees: The Environmental Impact of Chemicals. , Edited by: Devillers , J. and Pham-Delègue , M.-H. 186 – 216 . London : Taylor & Francis .
   Google Scholar
• Kujawski , M. W. and Namieœnik , J. 2008 . Challenges in preparing honey samples for chromatographic determination of contaminants and trace residues . Trends in Analytical Chemistry , 27 : 785 – 792 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tahboub , Y. R. , Zaater , M. F. and Barri , T. A. 2006 . Simultaneous identification and quantitation of selected organochlorine pesticide residues in honey by full-scan gas chromatography–mass spectrometry . Analytical Chimica Acta , 558 : 62 – 68 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Erdoğrul , Ö. 2007 . Levels of selected pesticides in honey samples from Kahramanmaraş, Turkey . Food Control , 18 : 866 – 871 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Isidorov , V. A. , Isidorova , A. G. , Szczepaniak , I. and Czyżewska , U. 2009 . Gas chromatographic–mass spectrometric investigation of the chemical composition of beebread . Food Chemistry , 115 : 1056 – 1063 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• 2006 . Teresa Szczěesna, Protein content and amino acids composition of bee collected pollen originating from Poland, South Korea and China . Journal of Apicultural Science , 50 : 91 – 99 .
   Google Scholar
• Bogdan Kěedzia . 2008 . Chemical composition and adaptogenic activity of honeybee—collected pollen, part 1 Chemical composition . Postêpy Fitoterapii , 1 : 47 – 58 .
   Google Scholar
• Jiménez , J. J. , Bernal , J. L. , del Nozal , M. J. and Alonso , C. 2004 . Liquid–liquid extraction followed by solid-phase extraction for the determination of lipophilic pesticides in beeswax by gas chromatography–electron-capture detection and matrix-matched calibration . Journal of Chromatography A , 1048 : 89 – 97 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adamczyk , S. , Lázaro , R. , Pérez-Arquillué , C. and Herrera , A. 2007 . Determination of synthetic acaricide residues in beeswax by high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detector . Analytical Chimica Acta , 581 : 95 – 101 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Adamczyk , S. , Lázaro , R. , Pérez-Arquillué , C. , Bayarri , S. and Herrera , A. 2009 . “ Impact of the use of fluvalinate on different types of beeswax from Spanish hives ” . In Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, DOI 10.1007/s00244-009-9387-7
   Google Scholar
• Garedew , A. , Schmolz , E. , Schricker , B. and Lamprecht , I. 2002 . Microcalorimetric toxicity investigation of propolis on Tenebrio molitor L. (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) . Thermochimica Acta , 394 : 239 – 242 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen , F. , Chen , L. , Wang , Q. , Zhou , J. , Xue , X. and Zhao , J. 2009 . Determination of organochlorine pesticides in propolis by gas chromatography–electron capture detection using double column series solid-phase extraction . Analytical and. Bioanalytical Chemistry , 393 : 1073 – 1079 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• dos Santos , T. F. S. , Aquino , A. , Dórea , H. S. and Navickiene , S. 2008 . MSPD procedure for determining buprofezin, tetradifon, vinclozolin, and bifenthrin residues in propolis by gas chromatography—mass spectrometry . Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry , 390 : 1425 – 1430 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu , Y. , Luo , L. , Chen , B. and Fu , Y. 2009 . Recent development of chemical components in propolis . Frontiers of Biology in China , 4 ( 4 ) : 385 – 391 .
   Google Scholar
• Zhang , J. Z. , Xue , X.-F. , Zhou , J.-H. , Chen , F. , Wu , L.-M. , Li , Y. and Zhao , J. 2009 . Determination of tryptophan in bee pollen and royal jelly by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection . Biomedical Chromatographia , 23 : 994 – 998 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bogdanov , S. and Gallmann , P. 2008 . Authenticity of honey and other bee products state of the art . Agroscope Liebefeld-Posieux , 520 : 1 – 12 .
   Google Scholar
• Bogdanov , S. 2006 . Contaminants of bee products . Apidologie , 37 : 1 – 18 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mukherjee , I. 2009 . Determination of pesticide residues in honey samples . Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology , 83 : 818 – 821 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rial-Otero , R. , Gaspar , E. M. , Moura , I. and Capelo , J. L. 2007 . Chromatographic-based methods for pesticide determination in honey: An overview . Talanta , 71 : 503 – 514 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rissato , S. R. , Galhiane , M. S. , de Almeida , M. V. , Gerenutti , M. and Apon , B. M. 2007 . Multiresidue determination of pesticides in honey samples by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and application in environmental contamination . Food Chemistry , 101 : 1719 – 1726 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Council of the European Union . Council Directive 96/23/EC of 29 April 1996 on measures to monitor certain substances and residues thereof in live animals and animal products and repealing. Directives 85/358/EEC, 86/469/EEC and Decision 89/187/EEC and 91/664/EEC . O. J., L , 125 10 – 31 .
   Google Scholar
• Żmudzki , J. and Osek , J. 2009 . Criteria guarantee safety and quality of food of animal origin. Materials I Agricultural Sciences Congress “Science-Practice—the future of the agricultural food . Pulawy , : 27 – 39 . 14-15.05
   Google Scholar
• Fernández , M. , Picó , Y. and Mañes , J. 2002 . Rapid screening of organophosphorus pesticides in honey and bees by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry . Chromatographia , 56 : 577 – 583 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martel , A. C. and Zeggane , S. 2002 . Determination of acaricides in honey by high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection . Journal of Chromatography A , 954 : 173 – 180 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morzycka , B. 2002 . Simple method for the determination of trace levels of pesticides in honeybees using matrix solid-phase dispersion and gas chromatography . Journal of Chromatography A , 982 : 267 – 273 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Porrini , C. , Sabatini , A. G. , Girotti , S. , Ghini , S. , Medrzycki , P. , Grillenzoni , F. , Bortolotti , L. , Gattavecchia , E. and Celli , G. 2003 . Honey bees and bee products as monitors of the environmental contamination . Apiacta , 38 : 63 – 70 .
   Google Scholar
• Rissato , S. R. , Galhiane , M. S. , Knoll , F. R. N. and Apon , B. M. 2004 . Supercritical fluid extraction for pesticide multiresidue analysis in honey: Determination by gas chromatography with electron-capture and mass spectrometry detection . Journal of Chromatography A , 1048 : 153 – 159 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klos , A. 2007 . Lichens – Bioindicators and biomonitors of environment pollution. . Metrologia , 1–2 : 61 – 77 .
   Google Scholar
• Celli , G. and Maccagnani , B. 2003 . Honey bees as bioindicators of environmental pollution . Bulletin of Insectology , 56 : 137 – 139 .
   Google Scholar
• Ghini , S. , Fernández , M. , Picó , Y. , Marin , R. , Fini , F. , Mañes , J. and Girotti , S. 2004 . Occurrence and distribution of pesticides in the province of bologna, italy, using honeybees as bioindicators . Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology , 47 : 479 – 488 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kisala , J. and Dżugan , M. 2009 . Environmental influence and beekeeping techniques . Scientific Papers , 11 : 115 – 120 .
   Google Scholar
• Chauzat , M. P. , Faucon , J. P. , Martel , A. C. , Lachaize , J. , Cougoule , N. and Aubert , M. 2006 . A survey of pesticide residues in pollen loads collected by honey bees in france. . Journal of Economic Entomology , 99 ( 2 ) : 253 – 262 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fernández , M. , Padrón , C. , Marconi , L. , Ghini , S. , Colombo , R. , Sabatini , A. G. and Girotti , S. 2001 . Determination of organophosphorus pesticides in honeybees after solid-phase microextraction . Journal of Chromatography A , 922 : 257 – 265 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spodniewska , A. and Romaniuk , K. 2007 . Chlorinated hydrocarbons in bees from a select apiary of Piska Forest in 1996–2005 . Medycyna Weterynaryjna , 63 ( 2 ) : 247 – 249 .
   Google Scholar
• Romaniuk , K. and Spodniewska , A. 2006 . Residues of chlorinated hydrocarbons in bees in relation to apiary location . Medycyna Weterynaryjna , 62 ( 10 ) : 1200 – 1201 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wilczynska , A. and Przybylowski , P. 2007 . Residues of Organochlorine Pesticides in Polish Honeys . Apiacta , 42 : 16 – 24 .
   Google Scholar
• Romaniuk , K. and Spodniewska , A. 2008 . Concentration of HCH and DDT in bees from winter scatter . Medycyna Weterynaryjna , 64 ( 10 ) : 1260 – 1262 .
   Google Scholar
• Spodniewska , A. 2008 . Influence of changing the location of an apiary on the HCH and DDT concentration in bees . Medycyna Weterynaryjna , 64 ( 11 ) : 1338 – 1339 .
   Google Scholar
• Beyer , A. and Biziuk , M. 2008 . Methods of determination of residues of pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in food samples–a review. . Ecological Chemistry and Engineering , 14 ( S3 ) : 35 – 58 .
   Google Scholar
• Beyer , A. and Biziuk , M. 2008 . Methods for determining pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in food samples—problems and challenges. . Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition , 48 : 888 – 904 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rossi , S. , Dalpero , A. P. , Ghini , S. , Colombo , R. , Sabatini , A. G. and Girotti , S. 2001 . Multiresidual method for the gas chromatographic analysis of pesticides in honeybees cleaned by gel permeation chromatography . Journal of Chromatography A , 905 : 223 – 232 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Herdera , A. , Pérez-Arquilué , C. , Conchello , P. , Bayarri , S. , Lázaro , R. , Yale , C. and Ariño , A. 2005 . Determination of pesticides and PCBs in honey by solid-phase extraction cleanup followed by gas chromatography with electron-capture and nitrogen–phosphorus detection . Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry , 381 : 695 – 701 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blasco , C. , Fernández , M. , Pena , A. , Lino , C. , Silveira , M. I. , Font , G. and Picó , Y. 2003 . Assessment of pesticide residues in honey samples from portugal and spain . Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , 51 : 8132 – 8138 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tahboub , Y. R. , Zaater , M. F. and Barri , T. A. 2006 . Simultaneous identification and quantitation of selected organochlorine pesticide residues in honey by full-scan gas chromatography–mass spectrometry . Analityca Chimica Acta , 558 : 62 – 68 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rissato , S. R. , Galhiane , M. S. , de Almeida , M. V. , Gerenutti , M. and Apon , B. M. 2007 . Multiresidue determination of pesticides in honey samples by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and application in environmental contamination . Food Chemistry , 101 : 1719 – 1726 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yavuz , H. , Guler , G. O. , Aktumsek , A. , Cakmak , Y. S. and Ozparlak , H. 2009 . Determination of some organochlorine pesticide residues in honeys from Konya, Turkey . Environmental Monitoring and Assessment , DOI 10.1007/s10661-009-1111-6
   Google Scholar
• Choudhary , A. and Dharma , D. C. 2008 . Pesticide residues in honey Samples from Himachal Pradesh (India) . Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology , 80 : 417 – 422 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pang , G.-F. , Fan , C.-L. , Liu , Y.-M. , Cao , Y.-Z. , Zhang , J.-J. , Fu , B.-L. , Li , X.-M. , Li , Z.-Y. and Wu , Y.-P. 2006 . Multi-residue method for the determination of 450 pesticide residues in honey, fruit juice and wine by double-cartridge solid-phase extraction/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry . Food Additives and Contaminants , 23 ( 8 ) : 777 – 810 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Balayiannis , G. and Balayiannis , P. 2008 . Bee honey as an environmental bioindicator of pesticides' occurrence in six agricultural areas of greece . Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology , 55 : 462 – 470 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alberto , B. , Sanchez-Brunete , C. and Tadeo , J. L. 2004 . Analysis of pesticides in honey by solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry . Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , 52 : 5828
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fernández , M. , Picó , Y. and Mañes , J. 2002 . Rapid Screening of Organophosphorus Pesticides in Honey and Bees by Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry . Chromatographia , 56 : 577 – 583 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Das , Y. K. and Kaya , S. 2009 . Organophosphorus insecticide residues in honey produced in turkey . Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology , 83 : 378 – 383 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pirard , C. , Widart , J. , Nguyen , B. K. , Deleuze , C. , Heudt , L. , Haubruge , E. , De Pauw , E. and Focant , J.-F. 2007 . Development and validation of a multi-residue method for pesticide determination in honey using on-column liquid–liquid extraction and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry . Journal of Chromatography A , 1152 : 116 – 123 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhen , J. , Zhugang , L. , Melyu , Ch. , Yu , M. , Jun , T. , Yulan , F. , Jiachen , W. , Zhaobin , Ch. and Fengzhang , T. 2006 . determination of multiple pesticide residues in honey using gas chromatography-electron impact ionization-mass spectrometry . Chinese Journal of Chromatography , 24 ( 5 ) : 440 – 447 .
   Google Scholar
• Campillo , N. , Peñalver , R. , Aguinaga , N. and Hernández-Córdoba , M. 2006 . Solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography with atomic emission detection for multiresidue determination of pesticides in honey . Analitycal Chimica Acta , 562 : 9 – 15 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fernández , M. , Picó , Y. and Mañes , J. 2002 . Analytical methods for pesticide residue determination in bee products . Journal of Food Protection , 65 : 1502 – 1511 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Blasco , C. , Lino , C. M. , Picó , Y. , Pena , A. , Font , G. and Silveira , M. I. N. 2004 . Determination of organochlorine pesticide residues in honey from the central zone of Portugal and the Valencian community of Spain . Journal of Chromatography A , 1049 : 155 – 160 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Reziœ , A. , Horvat , J. M. , Babiæ , S. and Kaštelan-Macan , M. 2005 . Determination of pesticides in honey by ultrasonic solvent extraction and thin-layer chromatography . Ultrasonics Sonochemistry , 12 : 477 – 481 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiménez , J. J. , Bernal , J. L. , Toribio , L. , del Nozal , M. J. and Martin , M. T. 2002 . Capillary gas chromatography with mass spectrometric and atomic emission detection for characterization and monitoring chlordimeform degradation in honey . Journal of Chromatography A , 946 : 247 – 253 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Korta , E. , Bakkali , A. , Berrueta , L. A. , Gallo , B. , Vicente , F. , Kilchenmann , V. and Bogdanov , S. 2001 . Study of acaricide stability in honey. Characterization of amitraz degradation products in honey and beeswax . Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , 49 : 5835 – 5842 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beyer , A. and Biziuk , M. 2008 . Applications of sample preparation techniques in the analysis of pesticides in PCBs in food . Food Chemistry , 108 : 669 – 680 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Beyer , A. and Biziuk , M. 2007 . Methods of determination of residues of pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in food samples—A review. . Ecological Chemistry and Engineering , 14 ( S3 ) : 37 – 58 .
   Google Scholar
• Sadowska-Rociek , A. and Cieœlik , E. 2008 . Stosowane techniki i najnowsze trendy w oznaczaniu pozosta†oœci pestycydów w ywnoœci metod′ chromatografii gazowej. . Metrologia , 1–2 : 33 – 38 .
   Google Scholar
• Fernández , M. , Picó , Y. , Girotti , S. and Mañes , J. 2001 . Analysis of organophosphorus pesticides in honeybee by liquid chromatography-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization-mass spectrometry . Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry , 49 : 3540 – 3547 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Totti , S. , Fernández , M. , Ghini , S. , Picó , Y. , Fini , F. , Mañes , J. and Girotti , S. 2006 . Application of matrix solid phase dispersion to the determination of imidacloprid, carbaryl, aldicarb, and their main metabolites in honeybees by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry detection . Talanta , 69 : 724 – 729 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Charlton , A. J. A. and Jones , A. 2007 . Determination of imidazole and triazole fungicide residues in honeybees using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. . Journal of Chromatography A , 1141 : 117 – 122 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walorczyk , S. and Gnusowski , B. 2009 . Development and validation of a multi-residue method for the determination of pesticides in honeybees using acetonitrile-based extraction and gas chromatography–tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry . Journal of Chromatography A , 1216 : 6522 – 6531 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karazafiris , E. , Menkissoglu-Spiroudi , U. and Thrasyvoulou , A. 2008 . New multiresidue method using solid-phase extraction and gas chromatography–micro-electron-capture detection for pesticide residues analysis in royal jelly . Journal of Chromatography A , 1209 : 17 – 21 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiménez , J. J. , Bernal , J. L. , del Nozal , M-J. and Alonso , C. 2004 . Liquid–liquid extraction followed by solid-phase extraction for the determination of lipophilic pesticides in beeswax by gas chromatography–electron-capture detection and matrix-matched calibration . Journal of Chromatography A , 1048 : 89 – 97 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chauzat , M.-P. and Faucon , J.-P. 2007 . Pesticide residues in beeswax samples collected from honey bee colonies (Apis mellifera L.) in France . Pesticide Management Science , 63 : 1100 – 1106 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yu , J. , Wu , C. and Xing , J. 2004 . Development of new solid-phase microextraction fibers by sol–gel technology for the determination of organophosphorus pesticide multiresidues in food . Journal of Chromatography A , 1036 : 101 – 111 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kristenson , E. M. , Shahmiri , S. , Slooten , C. J. , Vreuls , R. J. J. and Brinkman , U. A.Th. 2004 . Matrix solid-phase dispersion micro-extraction of pesticides from single insects with subsequent GC–MS analysis . Chromatographia , 59 : 315 – 320 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anastassiades , M. , Lehotay , S. J. , Stajnbaher , D. and Schenck , F. J. 2003 . Residues and trace elements—fast and easy multiresidue method employing acetonitrile extraction partitioning and “dispersive solid-phase extraction” . Journal of Aoac International , 86 : 412 – 431 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Garcia-Reyes , J. F. , Ferrer , C. , Gómez-Ramos , J. M. , Molina-Diaz , A. and Fernández-Alba , A. R. 2007 . Comprehensive screening of target, non-target and unknown pesticides in food by LC-TOF-MS . Trends in Analytical Chemistry , 26 : 828 – 841 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao , L. and Stevens , J. Optimizing Recoveries of Planar Pesticides in Spinach Using Toluene and Agilent SampliQ AOAC QuEChERS Kits with Graphitized Carbon Application note from Agilent Technologies http://www.chem.agilent.com/Library/applications/5990-4247EN.pdf (accessed 20 December 2009)
   Google Scholar
• Zhao , L. , Schulz , D. and Stevens , J. Analysis of Pesticide Residues in Apples Using Agilent SampliQ QuEChERS AOAC Kit by LC/MS/MS Detection Application note from Agilent Technologies http://www.chem.agilent.com/Library/applications/5990-3938EN.pdf (accessed 20 December 2009)
   Google Scholar
• Zhao , L. , Wylie , P. L. and Stevens , J. Application note from Agilent Technologies http://www.chem.agilent.com/Library/applications/5990-3938EN.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Thurman , E. M. and Ferrer , I. Multiresidue Analysis of 301 Pesticides in Food Samples by LC/Triple Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry Application note from Agilent Technologies https://www.chem.agilent.com/Library/applications/5989-8614EN.pdf(accessed 20 December 2009)
   Google Scholar
• Anastassiades , M. QuEChERS A mini-multiresidue method for the analysis of pesticide residues in low-fat products http://www.quechers.com/docs/quechers_en_oct2005.pdf(accessed 20 December 2009)
   Google Scholar
• Wardencki , W. and Zygmunt , B. 1998 . Techniques combined in the analysis environmental in Physiochemical methods for environmental pollution control , 327 – 343 . Warszawa : WNT .
   Google Scholar
• Alder , L. , Greullch , K. , Kempe , G. and Vleth , B. 2006 . Residue analysis of 500 high priority pesticides: better by GC-MS or LC-MS/MS? . Mass Spectrometry Reviews , 25 : 838 – 865 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Considerations for selecting GC/MS or LC/MS for metabolomics http://www.chem.agilent.com/Library/selectionguide/Public/5989-6328EN.pdf(accessed 20 December 2009)
   Google Scholar
• http://www.chemia.uj.edu.pl/slafibs/ms_opis.htm(accessed 20 December 2009)
   Google Scholar