629
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review Article

Comprehensive Gas Chromatography: Food and Metabolomocs Applications

& ORCID Icon
Pages 176-185 | Published online: 19 Jan 2018

References

  • Giddings, J.C. Two-Dimensional Separations: Concept and Promise. Anal. Chem. 1984, 56, 1258A–1270A.
  • Dallüge, J.; Beens, J.; Brinkman, U.A.Th. Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography: A Powerful and Versatile Analytical Tool. J. Chromatogr. A 2003, 1000, 69–108.
  • Phillips, J.B.; Beens, J. Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography: A Hyphenated Method with Strong Coupling Between the Two Dimensions. J. Chromatogr. A 1999, 856, 331–347.
  • Mostafa, A.; Edwards, M.; Górecki, T. Optimization Aspects of Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography. J. Chromatogr. A 2012, 1255, 38–55.
  • Phillips, J.B.; Liu. Z. Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography Using An On-Column Thermal Modulator Interface. J. Chromatogr. Sci. 1991, 29, 227–231.
  • Venkatramani, C.J.; Xu, J.Z.; Phillips, J.B. Separation Orthogonality In Temperature-Programmed Comprehensive 2-Dimensional Gas-Chromatography. Anal. Chem. 1996, 68, 1486–1492.
  • Blumberg, L.; Klee, M.S. A Critical Look At The Definition Of Multidimensional Separations. J. Chromatogr. A 2010, 1217, 99–103.
  • Zeng, Z.; Li, J.; Hugel, H.M.; Xu, G.; Marriott P.J. Interpretation Of Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography Data Using Advanced Chemometrics. Trends Anal. Chem. 2014, 53 150–166.
  • Beens, J. H.; Janssen, G.; Adahchour, M.; Brinkman, U.A.Th. Flow Regime At Ambient Outlet Pressure And Its Influence In Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography. J. Chromatogr. A 2005, 1086, 141–150.
  • Harynuk, J.; Gorecki, T.; de Zeeuw, J. Overloading Of The Second-Dimension Column In Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography. J. Chromatogr. A 2005, 1071, 21–27.
  • Harynuk, J.; Gorecki, T. Flow Model For Coupled-Column Gas Chromatography Systems. J. Chromatogr. A 2005, 1086, 135–140.
  • Blumberg, L.M. Linear Peak Capacity of A Comprehensive Multidimensional Separation. J. Sep. Sci. 2008, 31, 3352–3357.
  • M. S. Klee, J.; Cochran, M.; Merrick, L. M. Blumberg, Evaluation of conditions of comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography that yield a near-theoretical maximum in peak capacity gain. J. Chromatogr. A 2015, 1383, 151–159.
  • Blumberg, L.M. Flow Optimization in One-Dimensional and Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography (GC×GC). J. Chromatogr. A 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2017.08.040.
  • Murphy, R.E.; Schure, M.R.; Foley J.P. Effect of Sampling Rate on Resolution in Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Liquid Chromatography. Anal. Chem. 1998, 70, 1585–1594.
  • Adahchour, M.; Beens, J.; Vreuls, R.J.J.; Brinkman, U.A.Th. Recent Developments In Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography (GC×GC) I. Introduction And Instrumental Set-up. Trends Anal. Chem. 2006, 25, 438–454.
  • Górecki, T.; Harynuk, J.; Panic, O. The Evolution of Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography. J. Sep. Sci. 2004, 27, 359–379.
  • Tranchida, P.Q.; Purcaro, G.; Dugo, P.; Mondello, L. Modulators for Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography. Trends Anal. Chem. 2011, 30 (9), 1437–1461.
  • Tranchida, P.Q. Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography: A Perspective On Processes Of Modulation. J. Chromatography A 2017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2017.04.039.
  • Castillo, S.; Mattila, I.; Miettinen, J.; Oresic, M.; Hyotylainen, T. Data Analysis Tool for Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography/Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 2011, 83, 3058–3067.
  • van Stee, L.L.P.; Brinkman, U.A.Th. Peak Detection Methods for GC×GC: An overview. Trends Anal. Chem. 2016, 83, 1–13.
  • Hoggard, J.C.; Synovec, R.E. Parallel Factor Analysis (PARAFAC) of Target Analytes in GC×GC-TOF-MS Data: Automated Selection of a Model with an Appropriate Number of Factors. Anal. Chem. 79 (2007) 1611–1619.
  • Hoggard, J.C.; Synovec, R.E. Automated Resolution of Nontarget Analyte Signals in GC×GC-TOF-MS Data Using Parallel Factor Analysis. Anal. Chem. 2008, 80, 6677–6688.
  • Zeng, Z.D.; Liang, Y.Z.; Wang, Y.L.; Li, X.R.; Liang, L.M.; Xu, Q.S.; Zhao, C.X.; Li, B.Y.; Chau, F.T. Alternative Moving Window Factor Analysis for Comparison Analysis Between Complex Chromatographic Data. J. Chromatogr. A 2006, 1107, 273–285.
  • Zeng, Z.D.; Liang, Y.Z.; Jiang, Z.H.; Chau, F.T.; Wang, J.R. Quantification of Target Components In Complex Mixtures Using Alternative Moving Window Factor Analysis and Two-Step Iterative Constraint Method. Talanta 2008, 74, 1568–1578.
  • Kvalheim, O.M.; Liang, Y.Z. Heuristic Evolving Latent Projections – Resolving 2- Way Multicomponent Data. 1. Selectivity, Latent-Projective Graph, Datascope, Local Rank, and Unique Resolution. Anal. Chem. 1992, 64, 936–946.
  • Liang, Y.Z.; Kvalheim, O.M.; Keller, H.R.; Massart, D.L.; Kiechle, P.; Erni, F. Heuristic Evolving Latent Projections – Resolving 2-Way Multicomponent Data. 2. Detection and Resolution of Minor Constituents. Anal. Chem. 1992, 64, 946–953.
  • Zeng, Z.; Li, J.; Hugel, H.M.; Xu, G.; Marriott, Ph.J. Interpretation of comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography data using advanced chemometrics. Trends Anal. Chem. 2014, 53, 150–166.
  • Pierce, K.M.; Mohler, R.E. A Review Of Chemometrics Applied to Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Separations from 2008–2010. Sep. Purif. Rev. 2012, 41, 143–168.
  • Zeng, Z.D.; Hugel, H.M.; Marriott, P.J. Chemometrics in Comprehensive Multidimensional Separations. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 2011, 401, 2373–2386.
  • Determination of fatty acid methyl esters by GC×GC-TOFMS: Application note No. 203–821–277. LECO Corporation. Lakeview Avenue, St. Joseph, MI, USA 2008.
  • Ryan, D.; Shellie, R.; Tranchida, P.; Casilli, A.; Mondello, L.; Marriott, P. Analysis of Roasted Coffee Bean Volatiles by Using Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography–Time-of-Fight Mass Spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. A 2004, 1054, 57–65.
  • Cajka, T.; Hajslova, J.; Cochran, J.; Holadova, K.; Klimankova, E. Solid Phase Microextraction–Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography–Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry For The Analysis of Honey Volatiles. J. Sep. Sci. 2007, 30, 534–546.
  • Cajka, T.; Hajslova, J.; Pudil, F.; Riddellova, K. Traceability of Honey Origin Based on Volatiles Pattern Processing by Artificial Neural Networks. J. Chromatogr. 2009, 1216, 1458–1462.
  • Dimandja, J-M.D.; Stanfill, S.B.; Grainger, J.; Patterson Jr., D.G. Application of Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography (GC×GC) to the Qualitative Analysis of Essential Oils. J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 2000, 23, 208–214.
  • Shellie, R.; Marriott, Ph. Characterization And Comparison of Tea Tree and Lavender Oils by Using Comprehensive Gas Chromatography. J. High Resol. Chromatogr. 2000, 23, pp. 554–560.
  • Shellie, R.; Marriott, P.; Cornwell, Ch. Application of Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography (GC×GC) to the Enantioselective Analysis of Essential Oils. J. Sep. Sci. 2001, 24, 823–830.
  • Klimankova, E.; Holadova, K.; Hajslova, J.; Cajka, T.; Poustka, J.; Koudela, M. Aroma Profiles of Fve Basil (Ocimum Basilicum L.) Cultivars Grown Under Conventional and Organic Conditions. Food Chem. 2008, 107, 464–472.
  • Zoccali, M.; Bonaccorsi, I.L.; Tranchida, P.Q.; Dugo, P.; Mondelloa, L.; Dugoa G. Analysis of The Sesquiterpene Fraction of Citrus Essential Oils by Using The Off-Line Combination of High Performance Liquid Chromatography and Gas Chromatography-Based Methods: A Comparative Study. Flavour Fragr. J. 2015, 30, 411–422.
  • Krupcik, J.; Gorovenko, R.; Spanik, I.; Sandra, P.; Armstrong, D.W. Enantioselective Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography. A Route to Elucidate the Authenticity and Origin of Rosa Damascena Miller Essential Oils. J. Sep. Sci. 2015, 38, 3397–3403.
  • Tranchida, P.Q.; Franchina, F.A.; Mondello L. Analysis of Essential Oils Through Comprehensive Two Dimensional Gas Chromatography: General Utility. Flavour Fragr J. 2017, 32, 218–227.
  • Cajka, T.; Riddellova, K.; Klimankova, E.; Cerna, M.; Pudil, F.; Hajslova, J. Traceability of Olive Oil Based on Volatiles Pattern and Multivariate Analysis. Food Chem. 2010, 121, 282–289.
  • Jeleń, H.; Majcher, M.; Dziadas, M.; Zawirska-Wojtasiak, R.; Czaczyk, K.; Wąsowicz, E. Volatile Compounds Responsible for Aroma of Jutrzenka Liquer Wine. J. Chromatogr. A 2011, 1218, 7566–7573.
  • Majcher, M.; Klensporf-Pawlik, D.; Dziadas, M.; Jeleń, H. Identification of Aroma Active Compounds of Cereal Coffee Brew and Its Roasted Ingredients. J. Agricul. Food Chem. 2013, 61, 2648−2654.
  • Martins, C.; Brandao, T.; Almeida, A.; Rocha, S.M. Insights on Beer Volatile Profile: Optimization of Solid-Phase Microextraction Procedure Taking Advantage of the Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography Structured Separation. J. Sep. Sci. 2015, 38, 2140–2148.
  • Sghaier, L.; Cordella, Ch.B.Y.; Rutledge, D.N.; Watiez, M.; Breton, S.; Kopczuk, A.; Sassiat, P.; Thiebaut, D.; Vial, J. Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography for Analysis of the Volatile Compounds and Fishy Odor Off-Flavors From Heated Rapeseed Oil. Chromatographia 2015, 78, 805–817.
  • Sghaier, L.; Cordella, C.B.Y.; Rutledge, D.N.; Lefevre, F.; Watiez, M.; Breton, S.; Sassiat, P.; Thiebaut, D.; Vial, J. Synergetic Use of Principal Component Analysis Applied to Normed Physicochemical Measurements and GC×GC-MS to Reveal the Stabilization Effect of Selected Essential Oils on Heated Rapeseed Oil. J. Food Scien. 2017, 82(6), 1333–1343.
  • Zhao, F.; Liu, J.; Wang, X.; Li, P.; Zhang, W.; Zhang, Q. Detection Of Adulteration Of Sesame And Peanut Oils Via Volatiles by GC T GC–TOF/MS Coupled with Principal Components Analysis and Cluster Analysis. Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol. 2013, 115, 337–347.
  • Cardeal, Z. L.; Gomes da Silva, M. D. R.; Marriott P. J. Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometric Analysis of Pepper Volatiles. Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. 2006, 20, 2823–2836.
  • Shao, Y.; Marriott, P.; Shellie, R.; Huugel, H. Solid-Phase Micro-Extraction — Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography Of Ginger (Zingiber officinale) Volatiles. Flavour Fragr. J. 2003, 18, 5–12.
  • Tedone, L.; Costa, R.; De Grazia, S.; Ragusab, S.; Mondello, L. Monodimensional (GC–FID and GC–MS) and Comprehensive Two-dimensional Gas Chromatography for the Assessment of Volatiles and Fatty Acids from Ruta chalepensis Aerial Parts. Phytochem. Anal. 2014, 25, 468–475.
  • Manzano, P.; Diego, J.C.; Bernal, J.L.; M.J. Nozal; J. Bernal. Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography Coupled With Static Headspace Sampling to Analyze Volatile Compounds: Application to Almonds. J. Sep. Sci. 2014, 37, 675–683.
  • Tranchida, P.Q.; Purcaro, G.; Maimone, M.; Mondello, L. Impact of Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography with Mass Spectrometry on Food Analysis. J. Sep. Sci. 2016, 39, 149–161.
  • Dallüge, J.; van Rijn, M.; Beens, J.; Vreuls, R.J.J.; Brinkman, U.A.Th. Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography with Time-Of-flight Mass Spectrometric Detection Applied to the Determination of Pesticides in Food Extracts. J. Chromatogr.A 2002, 965, 207–217.
  • López, P.; Tienstra, M.; Lommen, A.; Mol, H.G.J. Validation Of An Automated Screening Method For Persistent Organic Contaminants In Fats And Oils by GC GC-ToFMS. Food Chem. 2016, 211 645–653.
  • Kalachova, K.; Pulkrabova, J.; Drabova, L.; Cajka, T.; Kocourek, V.; Hajslova, J. Simplified and Rapid Determination of Polychlorinated Biphenyls, Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers, and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Fish and Shrimps Integrated into A Single Method. Anal. Chim. Acta 2011, 707, 84–91.
  • Drabova, L.; Pulkrabova, J.; Kalachova, K.; Tomaniova, M. Rapid Determination of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Tea Using Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography Coupled with Time of Fight Mass Spectrometry. Talanta 2012, 100, 207–216.
  • Kalachova, K.; Pulkrabova, J.; Cajka, T.; Drabova, L.; Hajslova, J. Implementation of comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography–time-of-flight mass spectrometry for the simultaneous determination of halogenated contaminants and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in fish. Anal Bioanal. Chem. 2012, 403, 2813–2824.
  • Drabova, L.; Tomaniova, M.; Kalachova, K.; Kocourek, V.; Hajslova, J.; Pulkrabova, J. Application of Solid Phase Extraction and Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography Coupled With Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry for Fast Analysis of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Vegetable Oils. Food Control. 2013, 33, 489–497.
  • Almstetter, M.F.; Oefner, P.J.; Dettmer, K. Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography in Metabolomics. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 2012, 402, 1993–2013.
  • Snyder, L.R.; Hoggard, J.C.; Montine, T.J.; Synovec, R.E. Development and Application of A Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography With Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry Method for The Analysis of L-Beta-Methylamino-Alanine in Human Tissue. J. Chromatogr. A 2010, 1217, 4639–4647.
  • Beckstrom, A.C.; Humston, E.M.; Snyder, L.R.; Synovec, R.E.; Juul, S.E. Application of Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography with Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry Method to Identify Potential Biomarkers of Perinatal Asphyxia in A Non-Human Primate Model. J. Chromatogr. A 2011, 1218, 1899–1906.
  • Li, X.; Xu, Z.; Lu, X.; Yang, X.; Yin, P.; Kong, H.; Yu, Y.; Xu, G. Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography/Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry for Metabonomics: Biomarker Discovery for Diabetes Mellitus. Anal. Chim. Acta 2009, 633, 257–262.
  • Tranchida, P.Q.; Costa, R.; Donato, P.; Sciarrone, D.; Ragonese, C.; Dugo, P.; Dugo, G.; Mondello, L. Acquisition of Deeper Knowledge on The Human Plasma Fatty Acid Profile Exploiting Comprehensive 2-D GC. J. Sep. Sci. 2008, 31, 3347–3351.
  • Martins, C.; Brandão, T.; Almeida, A.; Rocha, S.M. Metabolomics Strategy for the Mapping of Volatile Exometabolome from Saccharomyces Spp. Widely Used in the Food Industry Based on Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography. J. Sep. Sci. 2017; 40, 2228–2237.
  • Guo, X.; Lidstrom, M.E. Metabolite Profiling Analysis of Methylobacterium extorquens AM1 by Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography Coupled With Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. Biotechnol. Bioengineering 2008, 99(4), 929–940.
  • de Lima, P.F.; Furlan, M.F.; de Lima Ribeiro, F.A.; Pascholati, S.F.; Augusto, F. In Vivo Determination of The Volatile Metabolites of Saprotroph Fungi by Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography. J. Sep. Sci. 2015, 38, 1924–1932.
  • S. Risticevic; J. R. De Ell, Janusz Pawliszyn Solid phase microextraction coupled with comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography–time-of-flight mass spectrometry for high-resolution metabolite profiling in apples: Implementation of structured separations for optimization of sample preparation procedure in complex samples. Journal of Chromatography A, 1251 (2012) 208–218.
  • Johanningsmeier, S.D.; McFeeters, R.F. Detection of Volatile Spoilage Metabolites in Fermented Cucumbers Using Nontargeted,Comprehensive 2-Dimensional Gas Chromatography-Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (GC×GC-TOFMS). J. Food Sci. 2011, 76(1), C168–C177. {B}
  • Poliak, M.; Fialkov, A.B.; Amirav, A. Pulsed Flow Modulation Two-Dimensional Comprehensive Gas Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry with Supersonic Molecular Beams. J. Chromatogr A 2008, 1210, 108–114.
  • Poliak, M.; Kochman, M.; Amirav, A. Pulsed Flow Modulation Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography. J. Chromatogr A 2008, 1186, 189–195.
  • Tranchida, P.Q.; Franchina, F.A.; Dugo, Mondello, L. Use Of Greatly-Reduced Gas Flows In Flow-Modulated Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry. J. Chromatogr. A 2014, 1359, 271–276.
  • Tranchida, P.Q.; Maimone, M.; Franchina, F.A.; Bjerk, T.R.; Zini, C.A.; Purcaro, G.; Mondello, L. Four-Stage (Low-)Flow Modulation Comprehensive Gas Chromatography–Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry for the Determination Of Recently-Highlighted Cosmetic Allergens. J. Chromatogr. A 2016, 1439, 144–151.
  • Franchina, F.A.; Maimone, M.; Tranchida, P.Q.; Mondello. L. Flow Modulation Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry Using ≈4 mL min-1 Gas Flows. J. Chromatogr. A 2016, 1441, 134–139.
  • Byer, J.D.; Siek, K.; Jobst, K. Distinguishing the C3 vs SH4 Mass Split by Comprehensive Two Dimensional Gas Chromatography-High Resolution Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. Anal. Chem. 2016, 88, 6101–6104.
  • Zushi, Y.; Hashimoto, S.; Fushimi, A.; Takazawa, Y.; Tanabe, K.; Shibata. Y. Rapid Automatic Identification And Quantification Of Compounds In Complex Matrices Using Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography Coupled To High Resolution Time-Of-Flight Mass Spectrometry With A Peak Sentinel Tool. Anal. Chim. Acta. 2013, 778, 54–62.
  • Tranchida, P.Q.; Franchina, F.A.; Dugo, P.; Mondello, L. Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gaschromatography-Mass Spectrometry: Recent Evolution And Current Trends. Mass Spectr. Rev. 2016, 35, 524–534.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.