Carbon Nanomaterial-Based Electrochemical Biosensors for Foodborne Bacterial Detection

References

• Zhao, X.; Lin, C. W.; Wang, J.; Oh, D. H. Advances in Rapid Detection Methods for Foodborne Pathogens. J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2014, 24, 297–312. DOI:10.4014/jmb.1310.10013.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Potter, M. E.; Tauxe, R. V. Epidemiology of Foodborne Diseases: Tools and Applications. World Health Stat. Q. 1997, 50, 24–29.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kibret, M.; Abera, B. The Sanitary Conditions of Food Service Establishments and Food Safety Knowledge and Practices of Food Handlers in Bahir Dar Town. Ethiop. J. Health Sci. 2012, 22, 27–35.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Chemburu, S.; Wilkins, E.; Abdel-Hamid, I. Detection of Pathogenic Bacteria in Food Samples Using Highly-Dispersed Carbon Particles. Biosens. Bioelectron. 2005, 21, 491–499. DOI:10.1016/j.bios.2004.11.025.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Scott, E. Food Safety and Foodborne Disease in 21st Century Homes. Can. J. Infect. Dis. 2003, 14, 277–280. DOI:10.1155/2003/363984.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Lamps, L. Infective Disorders of the Gastrointestinal Tract. Histopathology 2007, 50, 55–63. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2559.2006.02544.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Havelaar, A. H.; Kirk, M. D.; Torgerson, P. R.; Gibb, H. J.; Hald, T.; Lake, R. J.; Praet, N.; Bellinger, D. C.; de Silva, N. R.; Gargouri, N. World Health Organization Global Estimates and Regional Comparisons of the Burden of Foodborne Disease in 2010. PLoS Med. 2015, 12, e1001923. DOI:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001923.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ivnitski, D.; Abdel-Hamid, I.; Atanasov, P.; Wilkins, E.; Stricker, S. Application of Electrochemical Biosensors for Detection of Food Pathogenic Bacteria. Electroanalysis 2000, 12, 317–325. DOI:10.1002/(SICI)1521-4109(20000301)12:5 < 317::AID-ELAN317 > 3.0.CO;2-A.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dickson, J. S.; Beran, G. W.; Proescholdt, T. A. Practical Laboratory Tests for Food Microbiology. Lab. Med. 1995, 26, 794–799. DOI:10.1093/labmed/26.12.794.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Foods NACoMCf. Response to Questions Posed by the Food Safety and Inspection Service regarding Determination of the Most Appropriate Technologies for the Food Safety and Inspection Service to Adopt in Performing Routine and Baseline Microbiological Analyses. J. Food Protect. 2010, 73, 1160. DOI:10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-17-294.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Turner, A. P. Biosensors: Sense and Sensibility. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2013, 42, 3184–3196. DOI:10.1039/c3cs35528d.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Luz, R. A. S.; Iost, R. M.; Crespilho, F. N. Nanomaterials for Biosensors and Implantable Biodevices. In Nanobioelectrochemistry: From Implantable Biosensors to Green Power Generation; Crespilho, F. N., Ed.; Springer Berlin Heidelberg: Berlin, Heidelberg, 2013; pp 27–48.
   Google Scholar
• Hobson, N. S.; Tothill, I.; Turner, A. P. Microbial Detection. Biosens. Bioelectron. 1996, 11, 455–477. DOI:10.1016/0956-5663(96)86783-2.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ghindilis, A. L.; Atanasov, P.; Wilkins, M.; Wilkins, E. Immunosensors: Electrochemical Sensing and Other Engineering Approaches. Biosens. Bioelectron. 1998, 13, 113–131. DOI:10.1016/S0956-5663(97)00031-6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Berrettoni, M.; Tonelli, D.; Conti, P.; Marassi, R.; Trevisani, M. Electrochemical Sensor for Indirect Detection of Bacterial Population. Sens. Actuators B Chem. 2004, 102, 331–335. DOI:10.1016/j.snb.2004.04.022.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tothill, I. Biosensors and Nanomaterials and Their Application for Mycotoxin Determination. World Mycotoxin J. 2011, 4, 361–374. DOI:10.3920/WMJ2011.1318.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ronkainen, N. J.; Halsall, H. B.; Heineman, W. R. Electrochemical Biosensors. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2010, 39, 1747–1763. DOI:10.1039/b714449k.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Angione, M. D.; Pilolli, R.; Cotrone, S.; Magliulo, M.; Mallardi, A.; Palazzo, G.; Sabbatini, L.; Fine, D.; Dodabalapur, A.; Cioffi, N. Carbon Based Materials for Electronic Bio-Sensing. Mater. Today 2011, 14, 424–433. DOI:10.1016/S1369-7021(11)70187-0.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tiwari, J. N.; Vij, V.; Kemp, K. C.; Kim, K. S. Engineered Carbon-Nanomaterial-Based Electrochemical Sensors for Biomolecules. ACS Nano 2016, 10, 46–80. DOI:10.1021/acsnano.5b05690.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pumera, M.; Ambrosi, A.; Bonanni, A.; Chng, E. L. K.; Poh, H. L. Graphene for Electrochemical Sensing and Biosensing. TrAC Trends Anal. Chem. 2010, 29, 954–965. DOI:10.1016/j.trac.2010.05.011.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, J.; Lin, Y. Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes and Nanofibers for Biosensing Applications. Trends Anal. Chem. 2008, 27, 619–626. DOI:10.1016/j.trac.2008.05.009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, J.; Yang, S.; Guo, D.; Yu, P.; Li, D.; Ye, J.; Mao, L. Comparative Studies on Electrochemical Activity of Graphene Nanosheets and Carbon Nanotubes. Electrochem. Commun. 2009, 11, 1892–1895. DOI:10.1016/j.elecom.2009.08.019.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pasinszki, T.; Krebsz, M.; Tung, T. T.; Losic, D. Carbon Nanomaterial Based Biosensors for Non-Invasive Detection of Cancer and Disease Biomarkers for Clinical Diagnosis. Sens. (Basel) 2017, 17, E1919. DOI:10.3390/s17081919.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Saito, N.; Haniu, H.; Usui, Y.; Aoki, K.; Hara, K.; Takanashi, S.; Shimizu, M.; Narita, N.; Okamoto, M.; Kobayashi, S.; et al. Safe Clinical Use of Carbon Nanotubes as Innovative Biomaterials. Chem. Rev. 2014, 114, 6040–6079. DOI:10.1021/cr400341h.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hayashi, T.; Kim, Y. A.; Natsuki, T.; Endo, M. Mechanical Properties of Carbon Nanomaterials. Chemphyschem 2007, 8, 999–1004. DOI:10.1002/cphc.200700077.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nandakumar, V.; Bishop, D.; Alonas, E.; LaBelle, J.; Joshi, L.; Alford, T. L. A Low-Cost Electrochemical Biosensor for Rapid Bacterial Detection. IEEE Sens. J. 2011, 11, 210–216. DOI:10.1109/JSEN.2010.2055847.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Setterington, E. B.; Alocilja, E. C. Electrochemical Biosensor for Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Magnetically Extracted Bacterial Pathogens. Biosensors 2012, 2, 15–31. DOI:10.3390/bios2010015.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Halford, C.; Gau, V.; Churchill, B. M.; Haake, D. A. Bacterial Detection & Identification Using Electrochemical Sensors. J. Vis. Exp. 2013, (74):4282. DOI:10.3791/4282.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mandal, P.; Biswas, A.; Choi, K.; Pal, U. Methods for Rapid Detection of Foodborne Pathogens: An Overview. Am. J. Food Technol. 2011, 6, 87–102. DOI:10.3923/ajft.2011.87.102.
   Google Scholar
• Maurer, F. P.; Christner, M.; Hentschke, M.; Rohde, H. Advances in Rapid Identification and Susceptibility Testing of Bacteria in the Clinical Microbiology Laboratory: Implications for Patient Care and Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs. Infect. Dis. Rep. 2017, 9, 6839. DOI:10.4081/idr.2017.6839.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morshed, M. G.; Lee, M.-K.; Jorgensen, D.; Isaac-Renton, J. L. Molecular Methods Used in Clinical Laboratory: Prospects and Pitfalls. FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol. 2007, 49, 184–191. DOI:10.1111/j.1574-695X.2006.00191.x.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wang, Y.; Salazar, J. K. Culture-Independent Rapid Detection Methods for Bacterial Pathogens and Toxins in Food Matrices. Compr. Rev. Food Sci. Food Saf. 2016, 15, 183–205. DOI:10.1111/1541-4337.12175.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ricci, F.; Volpe, G.; Micheli, L.; Palleschi, G. A Review on Novel Developments and Applications of Immunosensors in Food Analysis. Anal. Chim. Acta 2007, 605, 111–129. DOI:10.1016/j.aca.2007.10.046.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duffy, G. F.; Moore, E. J. Electrochemical Immunosensors for Food Analysis: A Review of Recent Developments. Anal. Lett. 2017, 50, 1–32. DOI:10.1080/00032719.2016.1167900.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sakamoto, S.; Putalun, W.; Vimolmangkang, S.; Phoolcharoen, W.; Shoyama, Y.; Tanaka, H.; Morimoto, S. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for the Quantitative/qualitative Analysis of Plant Secondary Metabolites. J. Nat. Med. 2018, 72, 32–42. DOI:10.1007/s11418-017-1144-z.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moises, S. S.; Schäferling, M. Toxin Immunosensors and Sensor Arrays for Food Quality Control. Bioanal. Rev. 2009, 1, 73–104. DOI:10.1007/s12566-009-0006-x.
   Google Scholar
• Laegreid, W.; Hoffman, M.; Keen, J.; Elder, R.; Kwang, J. Development of a Blocking Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Detection of Serum Antibodies to O157 Antigen of Escherichia coli. Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol. 1998, 5, 242–246.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• D.; Gan, S.; Patel, K. Enzyme Immunoassay and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. J. Invest. Dermatol. 2013, 133, e12. DOI:10.1038/jid.2013.287.
   Google Scholar
• Sajid, M.; Kawde, A.-N.; Daud, M. Designs, Formats and Applications of Lateral Flow Assay: A Literature Review. J. Saudi Chem. Soc. 2015, 19, 689–705. DOI:10.1016/j.jscs.2014.09.001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shan, S.; Lai, W.; Xiong, Y.; Wei, H.; Xu, H. Novel Strategies to Enhance Lateral Flow Immunoassay Sensitivity for Detecting Foodborne Pathogens. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2015, 63, 745–753. DOI:10.1021/jf5046415.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, G.; Moon, J.-H.; Byeol Park, S.; Jang, Y.-J.; Lim, J.; Mo, C. Image Analysis of a Lateral Flow Strip Sensor for the Detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7. J. Biosyst. Eng. 2013, 38, 335–340.
   Google Scholar
• Zhao, Y.; Wang, H.; Zhang, P.; Sun, C.; Wang, X.; Wang, X.; Yang, R.; Wang, C.; Zhou, L. Rapid Multiplex Detection of 10 Foodborne Pathogens with an up-Converting Phosphor Technology-Based 10-Channel Lateral Flow Assay. Sci. Rep. 2016, 6, 21342. DOI:10.1038/srep21342.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Uyttendaele, M.; Van Hoorde, I.; Debevere, J. The Use of Immuno-Magnetic Separation (IMS) as a Tool in a Sample Preparation Method for Direct Detection of L. monocytogenes in Cheese. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2000, 54, 205–212. DOI:10.1016/S0168-1605(99)00196-8.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sousa, A. M.; Pereira, M. O. A Prospect of Current Microbial Diagnosis Methods. In Microbial Pathogens and Strategies for Combating Them: Science, Technology and Education; Méndez-Vilas, A., Ed.; FORMATEX: Badajoz, Spain, 2013; Vol. 3, pp 1429–1438.
   Google Scholar
• Law, J. W.-F.; Ab Mutalib, N.-S.; Chan, K.-G.; Lee, L.-H. Rapid Methods for the Detection of Foodborne Bacterial Pathogens: Principles, Applications, Advantages and Limitations. Front. Microbiol. 2014, 5, 770. DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2014.00770.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Law, J. W.-F.; Ab Mutalib, N.-S.; Chan, K.-G.; Lee, L.-H. An Insight into the Isolation, Enumeration, and Molecular Detection of Listeria monocytogenes in Food. Front. Microbiol. 2015, 6, 1227. DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2015.01227.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schrader, C.; Schielke, A.; Ellerbroek, L.; Johne, R. PCR Inhibitors – Occurrence, Properties and Removal. J. Appl. Microbiol. 2012, 113, 1014–1026. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2672.2012.05384.x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Powell, H.; Gooding, C.; Garrett, S.; Lund, B.; McKee, R. Proteinase Inhibition of the Detection of Listeria monocytogenes in Milk Using the Polymerase Chain Reaction. Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 1994, 18, 59–61. DOI:10.1111/j.1472-765X.1994.tb00802.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Favrin, S. J.; Jassim, S. A.; Griffiths, M. W. Development and Optimization of a Novel Immunomagnetic Separation- Bacteriophage Assay for Detection of Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis in Broth. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 2001, 67, 217–224. DOI:10.1128/AEM.67.1.217-224.2001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, L.; Wei, Q.; Han, Q.; Chen, Q.; Tai, W.; Zhang, J.; Song, Y.; Xia, X. Detection of Shigella in Milk and Clinical Samples by Magnetic Immunocaptured-Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assay. Front. Microbiol. 2018, 9, 94. DOI:10.3389/fmicb.2018.00094.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Azinheiro, S.; Carvalho, J.; Prado, M.; Garrido-Maestu, A. Evaluation of Different Genetic Targets for Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteriditis and Typhimurium, Using Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification for Detection in Food Samples. Front. Sustain. Food Syst. 2018, 2, 5. DOI:10.3389/fsufs.2018.00005.
   Google Scholar
• Shen, Z.; Hou, N.; Jin, M.; Qiu, Z.; Wang, J.; Zhang, B.; Wang, X.; Wang, J.; Zhou, D.; Li, J.; et al. A Novel Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 Using Immunomagnetic and Beacon Gold Nanoparticles. Gut Pathog. 2014, 6, 14. DOI:10.1186/1757-4749-6-14.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Karoonuthaisiri, N.; Charlermroj, R.; Uawisetwathana, U.; Luxananil, P.; Kirtikara, K.; Gajanandana, O. Development of Antibody Array for Simultaneous Detection of Foodborne Pathogens. Biosens. Bioelectron. 2009, 24, 1641–1648. DOI:10.1016/j.bios.2008.08.026.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumar, B. K.; Raghunath, P.; Devegowda, D.; Deekshit, V. K.; Venugopal, M. N.; Karunasagar, I.; Karunasagar, I. Development of Monoclonal Antibody Based Sandwich ELISA for the Rapid Detection of Pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Seafood. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2011, 145, 244–249. DOI:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2010.12.030.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chaivisuthangkura, P.; Pengsuk, C.; Longyant, S.; Sithigorngul, P. Evaluation of Monoclonal Antibody Based Immunochromatographic Strip Test for Direct Detection of Vibrio cholerae O1 Contamination in Seafood Samples. J. Microbiol. Methods 2013, 95, 304–311. DOI:10.1016/j.mimet.2013.09.013.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, X. Development of a Rapid and Sensitive Quantum Dot-Based Immunochromatographic Strip by Double Labeling PCR Products for Detection of Staphylococcus aureus in Food. Food Control 2014, 46, 225-32-2014 v.46. DOI:10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.04.044.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pinto, S. D. S.; Thayse, C.; Marciane, M.; Juliane, A.; Yoko, H. E. Moreira, dOTCR. Multiplex PCR for the Simultaneous Detection of Salmonella spp. and Salmonella Enteritidis in Food. Int. J. Food Sci. Technol. 2011, 46, 1502–1507. DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2621.2011.02646.x.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guan, Z. P.; Jiang, Y.; Gao, F.; Zhang, L.; Zhou, G. H.; Guan, Z. J. Rapid and Simultaneous Analysis of Five Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria Using Multiplex PCR. Eur. Food Res. Technol. 2013, 237, 627–637. DOI:10.1007/s00217-013-2039-1.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kawasaki, S.; Fratamico, P. M.; Horikoshi, N.; Okada, Y.; Takeshita, K.; Sameshima, T.; Kawamoto, S. Multiplex Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction Assay for Simultaneous Detection and Quantification of Salmonella Species, Listeria monocytogenes, and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Ground Pork Samples. Foodborne Pathog. Dis. 2010, 7, 549–554. DOI:10.1089/fpd.2009.0465.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Russo, P.; Botticella, G.; Capozzi, V.; Massa, S.; Spano, G.; Beneduce, L. A Fast, Reliable, and Sensitive Method for Detection and Quantification of Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Ready-To-Eat Fresh-Cut Products by MPN-qPCR. BioMed Res. Int. 2014, 2014, 1. DOI:10.1155/2014/608296.
   Google Scholar
• Tyagi, A.; Saravanan, V.; Karunasagar, I.; Karunasagar, I. Detection of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in Tropical Shellfish by SYBR Green Real-Time PCR and Evaluation of Three Enrichment Media. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2009, 129, 124–130. DOI:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2008.11.006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Suo, B.; He, Y.; Tu, S. I.; Shi, X. A Multiplex Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction for Simultaneous Detection of Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli O157, and Listeria monocytogenes in Meat Products. Foodborne Pathog. Dis. 2010, 7, 619–628. DOI:10.1089/fpd.2009.0430.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shao, Y.; Zhu, S.; Jin, C.; Chen, F. Development of Multiplex Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification-RFLP (mLAMP-RFLP) to Detect Salmonella spp. and Shigella spp. in Milk. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 2011, 148, 75–79. DOI:10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2011.05.004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Han, F.; Wang, F.; Ge, B. Detecting Potentially Virulent Vibrio vulnificus Strains in Raw Oysters by Quantitative Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 2011, 77, 2589–2595. DOI:10.1128/AEM.02992-10.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• López-Campos, G.; Martínez-Suárez, J. V.; Aguado-Urda, M.; López-Alonso, V. Detection, Identification, and Analysis of Foodborne Pathogens. In Microarray Detection and Characterization of Bacterial Foodborne Pathogens. Springer: Berlin, Germany; 2012; pp 13–32.
   Google Scholar
• Feng, P. Rapid Methods for the Detection of Foodborne Pathogens: Current and Next-Generation Technologies, 3rd ed.; Food Microbiology: Fundamentals and Frontiers; Washington, DC: American Society for Microbiology, 2007; pp. 911–934.
   Google Scholar
• Maalouf, R.; Fournier-Wirth, C.; Coste, J.; Chebib, H.; Saïkali, Y.; Vittori, O.; Errachid, A.; Cloarec, J.-P.; Martelet, C.; Jaffrezic-Renault, N.; et al. Label-Free Detection of Bacteria by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy: Comparison to Surface Plasmon Resonance. Anal. Chem. 2007, 79, 4879–4886. DOI:10.1021/ac070085n.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abdalhai, M. H.; Fernandes, A. M.; Xia, X.; Musa, A.; Ji, J.; Sun, X. Electrochemical Genosensor to Detect Pathogenic Bacteria (Escherichia coli O157:H7) As Applied in Real Food Samples (Fresh Beef) To Improve Food Safety and Quality Control. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2015, 63, 5017–5025. DOI:10.1021/acs.jafc.5b00675.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Grieshaber, D.; MacKenzie, R.; Vörös, J.; Reimhult, E. Electrochemical Biosensors - Sensor Principles and Architectures. Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) 2008, 8, 1400–1458. DOI:10.3390/s80314000.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chaubey, A.; Malhotra, B. D. Mediated Biosensors. Biosens. Bioelectron. 2002, 17, 441–456.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bakker, E.; Pretsch, E. Potentiometric Sensors for Trace-Level Analysis. Trends Anal. Chem. 2005, 24, 199–207. DOI:10.1016/j.trac.2005.01.003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palchetti, I. Mascini M. Amperometric Biosensor for Pathogenic Bacteria Detection. In Principles of Bacterial Detection: Biosensors, Recognition Receptors and Microsystems; Zourob, M.; Elwary, S.; Turner, A.; Eds.; Springer New York: New York, NY, 2008; pp 299–312.
   Google Scholar
• Neethirajan, S.; Ahmed, S. R.; Chand, R.; Buozis, J.; Nagy, É. Recent Advances in Biosensor Development for Foodborne Virus Detection. Nanotheranostics 2017, 1, 272–295. DOI:10.7150/ntno.20301.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Mishra, G.; Barfidokht, A.; Tehrani, F.; Mishra, R. Food Safety Analysis Using Electrochemical Biosensors. Foods 2018, 7, 141. DOI:10.3390/foods7090141.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arduini, F.; Micheli, L.; Moscone, D.; Palleschi, G.; Piermarini, S.; Ricci, F.; Volpe, G. Electrochemical Biosensors Based on Nanomodified Screen-Printed Electrodes: Recent Applications in Clinical Analysis. TrAC Trends Anal. Chem. 2016, 79, 114–126. DOI:10.1016/j.trac.2016.01.032.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Daniels, J. S.; Pourmand, N. Label-Free Impedance Biosensors: Opportunities and Challenges. Electroanalysis 2007, 19, 1239–1257. DOI:10.1002/elan.200603855.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Belluzo, M. S.; Ribone, M. E.; Lagier, C. M. Assembling Amperometric Biosensors for Clinical Diagnostics. Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) 2008, 8, 1366–1399. DOI:10.3390/s8031366.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lim, S. A.; Ahmed, M. U. A Label Free Electrochemical Immunosensor for Sensitive Detection of Porcine Serum Albumin as a Marker for Pork Adulteration in Raw Meat. Food Chem. 2016, 206, 197–203. DOI:10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.03.063.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yan, Q.; Yang, Y.; Tan, Z.; Liu, Q.; Liu, H.; Wang, P.; Chen, L.; Zhang, D.; Li, Y.; Dong, Y. A Label-Free Electrochemical Immunosensor Based on the Novel Signal Amplification System of AuPdCu Ternary Nanoparticles Functionalized Polymer Nanospheres. Biosens. Bioelectron. 2018, 103, 151–157. DOI:10.1016/j.bios.2017.12.040.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, Y.; Ye, Z.; Ying, Y. New Trends in Impedimetric Biosensors for the Detection of Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria. Sensors (Basel) 2012, 12, 3449–3471. DOI:10.3390/s120303449.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poltronieri, P.; Mezzolla, V.; Primiceri, E.; Maruccio, G. Biosensors for the Detection of Food Pathogens. Foods (Basel, Switzerland) 2014, 3, 511–526. DOI:10.3390/foods3030511.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Arora, S.; Ahmed, D.-N.; Khubber, S.; Siddiqui, S. Detecting Food Borne Pathogens Using Electrochemical Biosensors: An Overview. Int. J. Chem. Stud. 2018, 6, 1031–1039.
   Google Scholar
• Cho, I. H.; Lee, J. Current Technologies of Electrochemical Immunosensors: Perspective on Signal Amplification. Sensors. 2018;18(1), E207. DOI:10.3390/s18010207.
   Google Scholar
• Leonard, P.; Hearty, S.; Brennan, J.; Dunne, L.; Quinn, J.; Chakraborty, T.; O’Kennedy, R. Advances in Biosensors for Detection of Pathogens in Food and Water. Enzyme Microb. Technol. 2003, 32, 3–13. DOI:10.1016/S0141-0229(02)00232-6.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kavita, V. DNA Biosensors-A Review. J. Bioeng. Biomed. Sci. 2017, 7, 222.
   Google Scholar
• Paniel, N.; Baudart, J.; Hayat, A.; Barthelmebs, L. Aptasensor and Genosensor Methods for Detection of Microbes in Real World Samples. Methods 2013, 64, 229–240. DOI:10.1016/j.ymeth.2013.07.001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rashid, J. I. A.; Yusof, N. A. The Strategies of DNA Immobilization and Hybridization Detection Mechanism in the Construction of Electrochemical DNA Sensor: A Review. Sens. Biosens. Res. 2017, 16, 19–31. DOI:10.1016/j.sbsr.2017.09.001.
   Google Scholar
• Ahmed, A.; Rushworth, J. V.; Hirst, N. A.; Millner, P. A. Biosensors for Whole-Cell Bacterial Detection. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 2014, 27, 631–646. DOI:10.1128/CMR.00120-13.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhu, C.; Yang, G.; Li, H.; Du, D.; Lin, Y. Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors Based on Nanomaterials and Nanostructures. Anal. Chem. 2015, 87, 230–249. DOI:10.1021/ac5039863.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cagnin, S.; Caraballo, M.; Guiducci, C.; Martini, P.; Ross, M.; SantaAna, M.; Danley, D.; West, T.; Lanfranchi, G. Overview of Electrochemical DNA Biosensors: New Approaches to Detect the Expression of Life. Sensors (Basel) 2009, 9, 3122–3148. DOI:10.3390/s90403122.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Neethirajan, S.; Weng, X.; Tah, A.; Cordero, J. O.; Ragavan, K. V. Nano-Biosensor Platforms for Detecting Food Allergens – New Trends. Sens. Biosens. Res. 2018, 18, 13–30. DOI:10.1016/j.sbsr.2018.02.005.
   Google Scholar
• Hayat, A.; Marty, J. L. Aptamer Based Electrochemical Sensors for Emerging Environmental Pollutants. Front. Chem. 2014, 2, 41. DOI:10.3389/fchem.2014.00041.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao, Y. W.; Wang, H. X.; Jia, G. C.; Li, Z. Application of Aptamer-Based Biosensor for Rapid Detection of Pathogenic Escherichia coli. Sensors (Basel) 2018, 18, E2518. DOI:10.3390/s18082518.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rocchitta, G.; Spanu, A.; Babudieri, S.; Latte, G.; Madeddu, G.; Galleri, G.; Nuvoli, S.; Bagella, P.; Demartis, M.; Fiore, V.; et al. Analytical Problems in Exposing Amperometric Enzyme Biosensors to Biological Fluids. Sensors 2016, 16, 780. DOI:10.3390/s16060780.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stradiotto, N. R.; Yamanaka, H.; Zanoni, M. V. B. Electrochemical Sensors: A Powerful Tool in Analytical Chemistry. J. Braz. Chem. Soc. 2003, 14, 159–173. DOI:10.1590/S0103-50532003000200003.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bahadır, E.; Kemal Sezgintürk, M. A Review on Impedimetric Biosensors. Artif. Cells Nanomed. Biotechnol. 2014, 44, 248–262.
   Google Scholar
• Jaffrezic-Renault, N.; Dzyadevych, S. V. Conductometric Microbiosensors for Environmental Monitoring. Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) 2008, 8, 2569–2588. DOI:10.3390/s8042569.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thévenot, D. R.; Toth, K.; Durst, R. A.; Wilson, G. S. Electrochemical Biosensors: Recommended Definitions and classification1International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry: Physical Chemistry Division, Commission I.7 (Biophysical Chemistry); Analytical Chemistry Division, Commission V.5 (Electroanalytical Chemistry).1. Biosens. Bioelectron. 2001, 16, (1):121–31. DOI:10.1016/S0956-5663(01)00115-4.
   Google Scholar
• Vo-Dinh, T.; Cullum, B. Biosensors and Biochips: Advances in Biological and Medical Diagnostics. Fresenius J. Anal. Chem. 2000, 366, 540–551. DOI:10.1007/s002160051549.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Willis, J. R.; Briney, B. S.; DeLuca, S. L.; Crowe, J. E. Jr.; Meiler, J. Human Germline Antibody Gene Segments Encode Polyspecific Antibodies. PLoS Comput. Biol. 2013, 9, e1003045. DOI:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003045.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holford, T. R. J.; Davis, F.; Higson, S. P. J. Recent Trends in Antibody Based Sensors. Biosens. Bioelectron. 2012, 34, 12–24. DOI:10.1016/j.bios.2011.10.023.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sassolas, A.; Blum, L. J.; Leca-Bouvier, B. D. Immobilization Strategies to Develop Enzymatic Biosensors. Biotechnol. Adv. 2012, 30, 489–511. DOI:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2011.09.003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goodridge, L.; Chen, J.; Griffiths, M. The Use of a Fluorescent Bacteriophage Assay for Detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Inoculated Ground Beef and Raw Milk. Int. J. Food Microbiol. 1999, 47, 43–50. DOI:10.1016/S0168-1605(99)00010-0.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Balasubramanian, S.; Sorokulova, I. B.; Vodyanoy, V. J.; Simonian, A. L. Lytic Phage as a Specific and Selective Probe for Detection of Staphylococcus aureus–A Surface Plasmon Resonance Spectroscopic Study. Biosens. Bioelectron. 2007, 22, 948–955. DOI:10.1016/j.bios.2006.04.003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh, A.; Glass, N.; Tolba, M.; Brovko, L.; Griffiths, M.; Evoy, S. Immobilization of Bacteriophages on Gold Surfaces for the Specific Capture of Pathogens. Biosens. Bioelectron. 2009, 24, 3645–3651. DOI:10.1016/j.bios.2009.05.028.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, S.-H.; Wu, V. C. H.; Chuang, Y.-C.; Lin, C.-S. Using Oligonucleotide-Functionalized Au Nanoparticles to Rapidly Detect Foodborne Pathogens on a Piezoelectric Biosensor. J. Microbiol. Methods 2008, 73, 7–17. DOI:10.1016/j.mimet.2008.01.004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shabani, A.; Mak, A. W. H.; Gerges, I.; Cuccia, L. A.; Lawrence, M. F. DNA Immobilization onto Electrochemically Functionalized Si(100) Surfaces. Talanta 2006, 70, 615–623. DOI:10.1016/j.talanta.2006.01.033.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lenigk, R.; Carles, M.; Ip, N. Y.; Sucher, N. J. Surface Characterization of a Silicon-Chip-Based DNA Microarray. Langmuir 2001, 17, 2497–2501. DOI:10.1021/la001355z.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Velusamy, V.; Arshak, K.; Korostynska, O.; Oliwa, K.; Adley, C. An Overview of Foodborne Pathogen Detection: In the Perspective of Biosensors. Biotechnol. Adv. 2010, 28, 232–254. DOI:10.1016/j.biotechadv.2009.12.004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, J. F.; Stovall, G. M.; Ellington, A. D. Aptamer Therapeutics Advance. Curr. Opin. Chem. Biol. 2006, 10, 282–289. DOI:10.1016/j.cbpa.2006.03.015.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Banerjee, P.; Bhunia, A. K. Mammalian Cell-Based Biosensors for Pathogens and Toxins. Trends Biotechnol. 2009, 27, 179–188. DOI:10.1016/j.tibtech.2008.11.006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pancrazio, J. J.; Whelan, J. P.; Borkholder, D. A.; Ma, W.; Stenger, D. A. Development and Application of Cell-Based Biosensors. Ann. Biomed. Eng. 1999, 27, 697–711. DOI:10.1114/1.225.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bhunia, A. K.; Banada, P.; Banerjee, P.; Valadez, A.; Hirleman, E. D. Light Scattering, Fiber Optic- and Cell-Based Sensors for Sensitive Detection of Foodborne Pathogens. J. Rapid Methods Auto. Microbiol. 2007, 15, 121–145. DOI:10.1111/j.1745-4581.2007.00077.x.
   Google Scholar
• Banerjee, P.; Franz, B.; Bhunia, A. K. Mammalian Cell-Based Sensor System. Adv. Biochem. Eng./Biotechnol. 2010, 117, 21–55. DOI:10.1007/10_2009_21.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Geim, A. K.; Novoselov, K. S. The Rise of Graphene. Nat. Mater. 2007, 6, 183. DOI:10.1038/nmat1849.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pandey, P.; Datta, M.; Malhotra, B. D. Prospects of Nanomaterials in Biosensors. Anal. Lett. 2008, 41, 159–209. DOI:10.1080/00032710701792620.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abu-Salah, K. M.; Alrokyan, S. A.; Khan, M. N.; Ansari, A. A. Nanomaterials as Analytical Tools for Genosensors. Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) 2010, 10, 963–993. DOI:10.3390/s100100963.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhu, Z. An Overview of Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene for Biosensing Applications. Nanomicro. Lett. 2017, 9, 25. DOI: 10.1007/s40820-017-0128-6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Poulsen, F.; Hansen, T. Band Gap Energy of Gradient Core–Shell Quantum Dots. J. Phys. Chem. C 2017, 121, 13655–13659. DOI:10.1021/acs.jpcc.7b01792.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh, R. P. Prospects of Nanobiomaterials for Biosensing. Int. J. Electrochem. 2011, 2011, 1. DOI:10.4061/2011/125487.
   Google Scholar
• Revin, S. B.; John, S. A. Electrochemical Sensor for Neurotransmitters at Physiological pH Using a Heterocyclic Conducting Polymer Modified Electrode. Analyst 2012, 137, 209–215. DOI:10.1039/C1AN15746A.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yáñez-Sedeño, P.; Pingarrón, J. M.; Riu, J.; Rius, F. X. Electrochemical Sensing Based on Carbon Nanotubes. TrAC Trends Anal. Chem. 2010, 29, 939–953. DOI:10.1016/j.trac.2010.06.006.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chatterjee, S.; Chen, A. Functionalization of Carbon Buckypaper for the Sensitive Determination of Hydrogen Peroxide in Human Urine. Biosens. Bioelectron. 2012, 35, 302–307. DOI:10.1016/j.bios.2012.03.005.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wanekaya, A. K. Applications of Nanoscale Carbon-Based Materials in Heavy Metal Sensing and Detection. Analyst 2011, 136, 4383–4391. DOI:10.1039/c1an15574a.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kulkarni, G. S.; Zhong, Z. Detection Beyond the Debye Screening Length in a High-Frequency Nanoelectronic Biosensor. Nano Lett. 2012, 12, 719–723. DOI:10.1021/nl203666a.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maehashi, K. O.,Y.; Matsumoto, K. Utilizing Research into Electrical Double Layers as a Basis for the Development of Label-Free Biosensors Based on Nanomaterial Transistors. Nanobiosens. Dis. Diag. 2015, 5, 1–13. DOI:10.2147/NDD.S40316.
   Google Scholar
• Reiner-Rozman, C.; Larisika, M.; Nowak, C.; Knoll, W. Graphene-Based Liquid-Gated Field Effect Transistor for Biosensing: Theory and Experiments. Biosens. Bioelectron. 2015, 70, 21–27. DOI:10.1016/j.bios.2015.03.013.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Filipiak, M.; Rother, M.; Andoy, N. C.; Knudsen, A.; B.; Grimm, S.; Bachran, C.;Swee, L. K.; Zaumseil, J. Label-Free Immunodetection in High Ionic Strength Solutions Using Carbon Nanotube Transistors with Nanobody Receptors. Presented at Eurosensors, Paris, Sep 3–6, 2017.
   Google Scholar
• de Moraes, C. A.; Kubota, T. L. Recent Trends in Field-Effect Transistors-Based Immunosensors. Chemosensors 2016, 4, 20. DOI:10.3390/chemosensors4040020.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shao, Y.; Wang, J.; Wu, H.; Liu, J.; Aksay, I. A.; Lin, Y. Graphene Based Electrochemical Sensors and Biosensors: A Review. Electroanalysis 2010, 22, 1027–1036. DOI:10.1002/elan.200900571.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krätschmer, W.; Lamb, L. D.; Fostiropoulos, K.; Huffman, D. R. Solid C60: A New Form of Carbon. Nature 1990, 347, 354. DOI:10.1038/347354a0.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Iijima, S.; Ichihashi, T. Single-Shell Carbon Nanotubes of 1-nm Diameter. Nature 1993, 363, 603. DOI:10.1038/363603a0.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, X.; Rajaraman, B. R. S.; Liu, H.; Ramakrishna, S. Graphene's Potential in Materials Science and Engineering. RSC Adv. 2014, 4, 28987–29011. DOI:10.1039/C4RA02817A.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Georgakilas, V.; Perman, J. A.; Tucek, J.; Zboril, R. Broad Family of Carbon Nanoallotropes: Classification, Chemistry, and Applications of Fullerenes, Carbon Dots, Nanotubes, Graphene, Nanodiamonds, and Combined Superstructures. Chem. Rev. 2015, 115, 4744–4822. DOI:10.1021/cr500304f.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Allen, M. J.; Tung, V. C.; Kaner, R. B. Honeycomb Carbon: A Review of Graphene. Chem. Rev. 2010, 110, 132–145. DOI:10.1021/cr900070d.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Du, X.; Skachko, I.; Barker, A.; Andrei, E. Y. Approaching Ballistic Transport in Suspended Graphene. Nat. Nanotechnol. 2008, 3, 491. DOI:10.1038/nnano.2008.199.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, C.; Wei, X.; Kysar, J. W.; Hone, J. Measurement of the Elastic Properties and Intrinsic Strength of Monolayer Graphene. Science 2008, 321, 385. DOI:10.1126/science.1157996.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rao, C. N. R.; Sood, A. K.; Subrahmanyam, K. S.; Govindaraj, A. Graphene: The New Two-Dimensional Nanomaterial. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2009, 48, 7752–7777. DOI:10.1002/anie.200901678.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gurunathan, S.; Kim, J.-H. Synthesis, Toxicity, Biocompatibility, and Biomedical Applications of Graphene and Graphene-Related Materials. Int. J. Nanomed. 2016, 11, 1927–1945. DOI:10.2147/IJN.S105264.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Qing, Z.; Hao, W.; Nan, W.; Rui, Y.; Yuehui, M.; Weijun, G.; Wang, J.; Ding, K. Graphene-Based Biosensors for Biomolecules Detection. Curr. Nanosci. 2014, 10, 627–637. DOI:10.2174/1573413710666140422231701.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, D.; Zhang, W.; Yu, X.; Wang, Z.; Su, Z.; Wei, G. When Biomolecules Meet Graphene: From Molecular Level Interactions to Material Design and Applications. Nanoscale 2016, 8, 19491–19509. DOI:10.1039/C6NR07249F.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Notley, S. M.; Crawford, R. J.; Ivanova, E. P. Bacterial Interaction with Graphene Particles and Surfaces. In Advances in Graphene Science; Aliofkhazraei, M., Ed.; InTech: Rijeka, 2013; Ch. 05.
   Google Scholar
• Yang, Y.; Asiri, A. M.; Tang, Z.; Du, D.; Lin, Y. Graphene Based Materials for Biomedical Applications. Mater. Today 2013, 16, 365–373. DOI:10.1016/j.mattod.2013.09.004.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chang, J.; Zhou, G.; Christensen, E. R.; Heideman, R.; Chen, J. Graphene-Based Sensors for Detection of Heavy Metals in Water: A Review. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 2014, 406, 3957–3975. DOI:10.1007/s00216-014-7804-x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pumera, M. Graphene in Biosensing. Mater. Today 2011, 14, 308–315. DOI:10.1016/S1369-7021(11)70160-2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hong, B. J.; An, Z.; Compton, O. C.; Nguyen, S. T. Tunable Biomolecular Interaction and Fluorescence Quenching Ability of Graphene Oxide: Application to “Turn-On” DNA Sensing in Biological Media. Small (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany) 2012, 8, 2469–2476. DOI:10.1002/smll.201200264.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, D.; Tang, L.; Li, J. Graphene-Based Materials in Electrochemistry. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2010, 39, 3157–3180. DOI:10.1039/b923596e.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xu, M.; Wang, R.; Li, Y. Electrochemical Biosensors for Rapid Detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7. Talanta 2017, 162, 511–522. DOI:10.1016/j.talanta.2016.10.050.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zuo, P.; Li, X.; Dominguez, D. C.; Ye, B.-C. A PDMS/Paper/Glass Hybrid Microfluidic Biochip Integrated with Aptamer-Functionalized Graphene Oxide Nano-Biosensors for One-Step Multiplexed Pathogen Detection. Lab Chip 2013, 13, 3921–3928. DOI:10.1039/c3lc50654a.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yang, W.; Ratinac, K. R.; Ringer, S. P.; Thordarson, P.; Gooding, J. J.; Braet, F. Carbon Nanomaterials in Biosensors: Should You Use Nanotubes or Graphene?. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2010, 49, 2114–2138. DOI:10.1002/anie.200903463.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jafari, S.; Faridbod, F.; Norouzi, P.; Dezfuli, A. S.; Ajloo, D.; Mohammadipanah, F.; Ganjali, M. R. Detection of Aeromonas Hydrophila DNA Oligonucleotide Sequence Using a Biosensor Design Based on Ceria Nanoparticles Decorated Reduced Graphene Oxide and Fast Fourier Transform Square Wave Voltammetry. Anal. Chim. Acta 2015, 895, 80–88. DOI:10.1016/j.aca.2015.05.055.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hu, X.; Dou, W.; Zhao, G. Electrochemical Immunosensor for Enterobacter Sakazakii Detection Based on Electrochemically Reduced Graphene Oxide–gold Nanoparticle/Ionic Liquid Modified Electrode. Electroanal. Chem. 2015, 756, 43–48. DOI:10.1016/j.jelechem.2015.08.009.
   Google Scholar
• Pandey, A.; Gurbuz, Y.; Ozguz, V.; Niazi, J. H.; Qureshi, A. Graphene-Interfaced Electrical Biosensor for Label-Free and Sensitive Detection of Foodborne Pathogenic E. coli O157:H7. Biosens. Bioelectron. 2017, 91, 225–231. DOI:10.1016/j.bios.2016.12.041.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Li, Y.; Deng, J.; Fang, L.; Yu, K.; Huang, H.; Jiang, L.; Liang, W.; Zheng, J. A Novel Electrochemical DNA Biosensor Based on HRP-Mimicking Hemin/G-Quadruplex Wrapped GOx Nanocomposites as Tag for Detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7. Biosens. Bioelectron. 2015, 63, 1–6. DOI:10.1016/j.bios.2014.07.012.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, Y.; Ping, J.; Ye, Z.; Wu, J.; Ying, Y. Impedimetric Immunosensor Based on Gold Nanoparticles Modified Graphene Paper for Label-Free Detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7. Biosens. Bioelectron. 2013, 49, 492–498. DOI:10.1016/j.bios.2013.05.061.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu, Y.; Chai, H. Development of an Electrochemical Biosensor for Rapid Detection of Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria. Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. 2017, 12, 4291–4300. DOI:10.20964/2017.05.09.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jia, F.; Duan, N.; Wu, S.; Ma, X.; Xia, Y.; Wang, Z.; Wei, X. Impedimetric Aptasensor for Staphylococcus aureus Based on Nanocomposite Prepared from Reduced Graphene Oxide and Gold Nanoparticles. Microchim. Acta 2014, 181, 967–974. DOI:10.1007/s00604-014-1195-8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ma, X.; Jiang, Y.; Jia, F.; Yu, Y.; Chen, J.; Wang, Z. An Aptamer-Based Electrochemical Biosensor for the Detection of Salmonella. J. Microbiol. Methods 2014, 98, 94–98. DOI:10.1016/j.mimet.2014.01.003.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh, A.; Sinsinbar, G.; Choudhary, M.; Kumar, V.; Pasricha, R.; Verma, H. N.; Singh, S. P.; Arora, K. Graphene Oxide-Chitosan Nanocomposite Based Electrochemical DNA Biosensor for Detection of Typhoid. Sens. Actuators B Chem. 2013, 185, 675–684. DOI:10.1016/j.snb.2013.05.014.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jia, F.; Duan, N.; Wu, S.; Dai, R.; Wang, Z.; Li, X. Impedimetric Salmonella Aptasensor Using a Glassy Carbon Electrode Modified with an Electrodeposited Composite Consisting of Reduced Graphene Oxide and Carbon Nanotubes. Microchim. Acta 2016, 183, 337–344. DOI:10.1007/s00604-015-1649-7.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen, S.; Frank Cheng, Y.; Voordouw, G. Three-Dimensional Graphene Nanosheet Doped with Gold Nanoparticles as Electrochemical DNA Biosensor for Bacterial Detection. Sens. Actuators B Chem. 2018, 262, 860–868. DOI:10.1016/j.snb.2018.02.093.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Huang, Y.; Dong, X.; Liu, Y.; Li, L.-J.; Chen, P. Graphene-Based Biosensors for Detection of Bacteria and Their Metabolic Activities. J. Mater. Chem. 2011, 21, 12358–12362. DOI:10.1039/c1jm11436k.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bhardwaj, N.; Bhardwaj, S. K.; Mehta, J.; Mohanta, G. C.; Deep, A. Bacteriophage Immobilized Graphene Electrodes for Impedimetric Sensing of Bacteria (Staphylococcus arlettae). Anal. Biochem. 2016, 505, 18–25. DOI:10.1016/j.ab.2016.04.008.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Joshi, R.; Janagama, H.; Dwivedi, H. P.; Senthil Kumar, T. M. A.; Jaykus, L.-A.; Schefers, J.; Sreevatsan, S. Selection, Characterization, and Application of DNA Aptamers for the Capture and Detection of Salmonella enterica Serovars. Mol. Cell. Probes 2009, 23, 20–28. DOI:10.1016/j.mcp.2008.10.006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jiang, D.; Feng, D.; Jiang, H.; Yuan, L.; Yongqi, Y.; Xu, X.; Fang, W. Preliminary Study on an Innovative, Simple Mast Cell-Based Electrochemical Method for Detecting Foodborne Pathogenic Bacterial Quorum Signaling Molecules (N-acyl-homoserine-lactones). Biosens. Bioelectron. 2017, 90, 436–442. DOI:10.1016/j.bios.2016.09.096.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohanty, N.; Berry, V. Graphene-Based Single-Bacterium Resolution Biodevice and DNA Transistor: Interfacing Graphene Derivatives with Nanoscale and Microscale Biocomponents. Nano Lett. 2008, 8, 4469–4476. DOI:10.1021/nl802412n.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Muniandy, S.; Dinshaw, I. J.; Teh, S. J.; Lai, C. W.; Ibrahim, F.; Thong, K. L.; Leo, B. F. Graphene Based Label-Free Electrochemical Aptasensor for Rapid and Sensitive Detection of Foodborne Pathogen. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 2017, 409, 6893–6905. DOI:10.1007/s00216-017-0654-6.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dinshaw, I. J.; Muniandy, S.; Teh, S. J.; Ibrahim, F.; Leo, B. F.; Thong, K. L. Development of an Aptasensor Using Reduced Graphene Oxide Chitosan Complex to Detect Salmonella. Electroanal. Chem. 2017, 806, 88–96. DOI:10.1016/j.jelechem.2017.10.054.
   Google Scholar
• Agui, L.; Yanez-Sedeno, P.; Pingarron, J. M. Role of Carbon Nanotubes in Electroanalytical Chemistry: A Review. Anal. Chim. Acta 2008, 622, 11–47. DOI:10.1016/j.aca.2008.05.070.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dumitrescu, I.; Unwin, P. R.; Macpherson, J. V. Electrochemistry at Carbon Nanotubes: Perspective and Issues. Chem. Commun. 2009, 6886–6901. DOI:10.1039/b909734a.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Jacobs, C. B.; Peairs, M. J.; Venton, B. J. Review: Carbon Nanotube Based Electrochemical Sensors for Biomolecules. Anal. Chim. Acta 2010, 662, 105–127. DOI:10.1016/j.aca.2010.01.009.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aqel, A.; El-Nour, K. M. M. A.; Ammar, R. A. A.; Al-Warthan, A. Carbon Nanotubes, Science and Technology Part (I) Structure, Synthesis and Characterisation. Arab. J. Chem. 2012, 5, 1–23. DOI:10.1016/j.arabjc.2010.08.022.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schnorr, J. M.; Swager, T. M. Emerging Applications of Carbon Nanotubes. Chem. Mater. 2011, 23, 646–657. DOI:10.1021/cm102406h.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Popov, V. N. Carbon Nanotubes: Properties and Application. Mater. Sci. Eng. R Rep. 2004, 43, 61–102. DOI:10.1016/j.mser.2003.10.001.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eatemadi, A.; Daraee, H.; Karimkhanloo, H.; Kouhi, M.; Zarghami, N.; Akbarzadeh, A.; Abasi, M.; Hanifehpour, Y.; Joo, S. Carbon Nanotubes: Properties, Synthesis, Purification, and Medical Applications. Nanoscale Res. Lett. 2014, 9, 393. DOI:10.1186/1556-276X-9-393.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anantram, M. P.; Léonard, F. Physics of Carbon Nanotube Electronic Devices. Rep. Prog. Phys. 2006, 69, 507. DOI:10.1088/0034-4885/69/3/R01.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Farhana S, Alam AZ, Khan S, Motakabber S, Eds. Modeling of Optimum Chiral Carbon Nanotube Using DFT. Presented at the 2013 13th IEEE International Conference on Nanotechnology (IEEE-NANO 2013), Beijing, China; Aug 5–8, 2013.
   Google Scholar
• Dresselhaus, M. S.; Dresselhaus, G.; Saito, R. Physics of Carbon Nanotubes. Carbon 1995, 33, 883–891. DOI:10.1016/0008-6223(95)00017-8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holzinger, M.; Le Goff, A.; Cosnier, S. Nanomaterials for Biosensing Applications: A Review. Front. Chem. 2014, 2, 63 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2014.00063.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kumar, S.; Ahlawat, W.; Kumar, R.; Dilbaghi, N. Graphene, Carbon Nanotubes, Zinc Oxide and Gold as Elite Nanomaterials for Fabrication of Biosensors for Healthcare. Biosens. Bioelectron. 2015, 70, 498–503. DOI:10.1016/j.bios.2015.03.062.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, Z.; Dai, Z. Carbon Nanomaterial-Based Electrochemical Biosensors: An Overview. Nanoscale 2015, 7, 6420–6431. DOI:10.1039/C5NR00585J.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao, Q.; Gan, Z.; Zhuang, Q. Electrochemical Sensors Based on Carbon Nanotubes. Electroanalysis 2002, 14, 1609–1613. DOI:10.1002/elan.200290000.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tasis, D.; Tagmatarchis, N.; Georgakilas, V.; Prato, M. Soluble Carbon Nanotubes. Chemistry 2003, 9, 4000–4008. DOI:10.1002/chem.200304800.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pérez-López, B.; Merkoçi, A. Carbon Nanotubes and Graphene in Analytical Sciences. Microchim. Acta 2012, 179, 1–16. DOI:10.1007/s00604-012-0871-9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Meng, L.; Fu, C.; Lu, Q. Advanced Technology for Functionalization of Carbon Nanotubes. Prog. Nat. Sci. 2009, 19, 801–810. DOI:10.1016/j.pnsc.2008.08.011.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nie, C.; Pan, L.; Li, H.; Chen, T.; Lu, T.; Sun, Z. Electrophoretic Deposition of Carbon Nanotubes Film Electrodes for Capacitive Deionization. Electroanal. Chem. 2012, 666, 85–88. DOI:10.1016/j.jelechem.2011.12.006.
   Google Scholar
• Balasubramanian, K.; Burghard, M. Chemically Functionalized Carbon Nanotubes. Small 2005, 1, 180–192. DOI:10.1002/smll.200400118.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hasan, M. R.; Pulingam, T.; Appaturi, J. N.; Zifruddin, A. N.; Teh, S. J.; Lim, T. W.; Ibrahim, F.; Leo, B. F.; Thong, K. L. Carbon Nanotube-Based Aptasensor for Sensitive Electrochemical Detection of Whole-Cell Salmonella. Anal. Biochem. 2018, 554, 34–43. DOI:10.1016/j.ab.2018.06.001.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guner, A.; Cevik, E.; Senel, M.; Alpsoy, L. An Electrochemical Immunosensor for Sensitive Detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 by Using Chitosan, MWCNT, polypyrrole with Gold Nanoparticles Hybrid Sensing Platform. Food Chem. 2017, 229, 358–365. DOI:10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.02.083.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhou, Y.; Ramasamy, R. P. Phage-Based Electrochemical Biosensors for Detection of Pathogenic Bacteria. ECS Trans. 2015, 69, 1–8. DOI:10.1149/06938.0001ecst.
   Google Scholar
• Dong, J.; Zhao, H.; Xu, M.; Ma, Q.; Ai, S. A Label-Free Electrochemical Impedance Immunosensor Based on AuNPs/PAMAM-MWCNT-Chi Nanocomposite Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode for Detection of Salmonella Typhimurium in Milk. Food Chem. 2013, 141, 1980–1986. DOI:10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.04.098.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Choi, H.-K.; Lee, J.; Park, M.-K.; Oh, J.-H. Development of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube-Based Biosensor for the Detection of Staphylococcus aureus. J. Food Qual. 2017, 2017, 1. DOI:10.1155/2017/5239487.
   Google Scholar
• Jain, S.; Singh S, R.; Horn D, W.; Davis, V.; Kumar Ram, M.; Pillai, S. Development of an Antibody Functionalized Carbon Nanotube Biosensor for Foodborne Bacterial Pathogens. J. Biosens. Bioelectron. Special Issue S11 2012, 2012, 7. DOI:10.4172/2155-6210.S11-002.
   Google Scholar
• Viswanathan, S.; Rani, C.; Ho, J. A. Electrochemical Immunosensor for Multiplexed Detection of Food-Borne Pathogens Using Nanocrystal Bioconjugates and MWCNT Screen-Printed Electrode. Talanta 2012, 94, 315–319. DOI:10.1016/j.talanta.2012.03.049.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Xiao, X.; Zhu, G.; Liao, L.; Liu, B.; Yuan, Y.; Wang, Y.; He, J.; He, B.; Wu, Y. A Square Wave Voltammetric Method for the Detection of Microorganism Populations Using a MWNT-Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode. Electrochim. Acta 2012, 74, 105–110. DOI:10.1016/j.electacta.2012.04.006.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zelada-Guillén, G. A.; Bhosale, S. V.; Riu, J.; Rius, F. X. Real-Time Potentiometric Detection of Bacteria in Complex Samples. Anal. Chem. 2010, 82, 9254–9260. DOI:10.1021/ac101739b.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang, J. Carbon-Nanotube Based Electrochemical Biosensors: A Review. Electroanalysis 2005, 17, 7–14. DOI:10.1002/elan.200403113.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Punbusayakul, N.; Talapatra, S.; Ajayan, P. M.; Surareungchai, W. Label-Free as-Grown Double Wall Carbon Nanotubes Bundles for Salmonella Typhimuriumimmunoassay. Chem. Central J. 2013, 7, 102. DOI:10.1186/1752-153X-7-102.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pumara, M. Electrochemical Properties of Double Wall Carbon Nanotube Electrodes. Nanoscale Res. Lett. 2007, 2, 87–93. DOI:10.1007/s11671-006-9035-3.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, G.; Chai, C.; Yao, B. Rapid Evaluation of Salmonella Pullorum Contamination in Chicken Based on a Portable Amperometric Sensor. J. Biosens. Bioelectron. 2013, 4, 137. DOI:10.4172/2155-6210.1000137.
   Google Scholar
• Li, Y.; Cheng, P.; Gong, J.; Fang, L.; Deng, J.; Liang, W.; Zheng, J. Amperometric Immunosensor for the Detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Food Specimens. Anal. Biochem. 2012, 421, 227–233. DOI:10.1016/j.ab.2011.10.049.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hema, B.; Shipra, S.; Gajjala, S. Electrophoretically Deposited Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube Based Amperometric Genosensor for E. coli Detection. J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 2016, 704, 012007. DOI:10.1088/1742-6596/704/1/012007.
   Google Scholar
• Zhao, G.; Zhan, X.; Dou, W. A Disposable Immunosensor for Shigella flexneri Based on Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube/Sodium Alginate Composite Electrode. Anal. Biochem. 2011, 408, 53–58. DOI:10.1016/j.ab.2010.08.039.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lu, Y.; Liu, Y.; Zhao, Y.; Li, W.; Qiu, L.; Li, L. A Novel and Disposable Enzyme-Labeled Amperometric Immunosensor Based on MWCNT Fibers for Listeria monocytogenes Detection. J. Nanomater. 2016, 2016, 1. DOI:10.1155/2016/3895920.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dou, W.; Tang, W.; Zhao, G. A Disposable Electrochemical Immunosensor Arrays Using 4-Channel Screen-Printed Carbon Electrode for Simultaneous Detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Enterobacter sakazakii. Electrochim. Acta 2013, 97, 79–85. DOI:10.1016/j.electacta.2013.02.136.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fernandes, A. M.; Abdalhai, M. H.; Ji, J.; Xi, B.-W.; Xie, J.; Sun, J.; Noeline, R.; Lee, B. H.; Sun, X. Development of Highly Sensitive Electrochemical Genosensor Based on Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes–Chitosan–Bismuth and Lead Sulfide Nanoparticles for the Detection of Pathogenic Aeromonas. Biosens. Bioelectron. 2015, 63, 399–406. DOI:10.1016/j.bios.2014.07.054.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Abdalhai, M. H.; Maximiano Fernandes, A.; Bashari, M.; Ji, J.; He, Q.; Sun, X. Detection of Foodborne Pathogenic Bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus) Using an Electrochemical DNA Genomic Biosensor and Its Application in Fresh Beef. J. Agric. Food Chem. 2014, 62, 12659–12667. DOI:10.1021/jf503914f.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zelada-Guillen, G. A.; Sebastian-Avila, J. L.; Blondeau, P.; Riu, J.; Rius, F. X. Label-Free Detection of Staphylococcus aureus in Skin Using Real-Time Potentiometric Biosensors Based on Carbon Nanotubes and Aptamers. Biosens. Bioelectron. 2012, 31, 226–232. DOI:10.1016/j.bios.2011.10.021.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zelada-Guillén, G. A.; Riu, J.; Düzgün, A.; Rius, F. X. Immediate Detection of Living Bacteria at Ultralow Concentrations Using a Carbon Nanotube Based Potentiometric Aptasensor. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2009, 48, 7334–7337. DOI:10.1002/anie.200902090.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Crespo, G. A.; Macho, S.; Bobacka, J.; Rius, F. X. Transduction Mechanism of Carbon Nanotubes in Solid-Contact Ion-Selective Electrodes. Anal. Chem. 2009, 81, 676–681. DOI:10.1021/ac802078z.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Duzgun, A.; Zelada-Guillen, G. A.; Crespo, G. A.; Macho, S.; Riu, J.; Rius, F. X. Nanostructured Materials in Potentiometry. Anal. Bioanal. Chem. 2011, 399, 171–181. DOI:10.1007/s00216-010-3974-3.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mujeeb-U-Rahman, M.; Adalian, D.; Scherer, A. Fabrication of Patterned Integrated Electrochemical Sensors. J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 2015, 1. DOI:10.1155/2015/467190.
   Google Scholar
• Abdulbari, H. A.; Basheer, E. A. M. Electrochemical Biosensors: Electrode Development, Materials, Design, and Fabrication. ChemBioEng Rev. 2017, 4, 92–105. DOI:10.1002/cben.201600009.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mistry, K. K.; Layek, K.; Mahapatra, A.; RoyChaudhuri, C.; Saha, H. A Review on Amperometric-Type Immunosensors Based on Screen-Printed Electrodes. Analyst 2014, 139, 2289–2311. DOI:10.1039/c3an02050a.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Arshak, K.; Moore, E.; ÓLaighin, G.; Harris, J.; Clifford, S. A Review of Gas Sensors Employed in Electronic Nose Applications. Sensor Rev. 2004, 24, 181–198.
   Google Scholar
• Ronkainen-Matsuno, N. J.; Thomas, J. H.; Halsall, H. B.; Heineman, W. R. Electrochemical Immunoassay Moving into the Fast Lane. TrAC Trends Anal. Chem. 2002, 21, 213–225. DOI:10.1016/S0165-9936(02)00401-6.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jin, P.; Yamaguchi, A.; Oi, F. A.; Matsuo, S.; Tan, J.; Misawa, H. Glucose Sensing Based on Interdigitated Array Microelectrode. Anal. Sci. 2001, 17, 841–846. DOI:10.2116/analsci.17.841.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kamath, R. R.; Madou, M. J. Three-Dimensional Carbon Interdigitated Electrode Arrays for Redox-Amplification. Anal. Chem. 2014, 86, 2963–2971. DOI:10.1021/ac4033356.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Niwa, O.; Morita, M.; Tabei, H. Electrochemical Behavior of Reversible Redox Species at Interdigitated Array Electrodes with Different Geometries: Consideration of Redox Cycling and Collection Efficiency. Anal. Chem. 1990, 62, 447–452. DOI:10.1021/ac00204a006.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, C. C. Electrochemical Based Biosensors. Biosensors 2012, 2, 269–272. DOI:10.3390/bios2030269.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Housaindokht, M. R.; Verdian, A.; Sheikhzadeh, E.; Pordeli, P.; Rouhbakhsh Zaeri, Z.; Janati Fard, F. A Sensitive Electrochemical Aptasensor Based on Single Wall Carbon Nanotube Modified Screen Printed Electrode for Detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7. Adv. Mater. Lett. 2018, 9, 369–374.
   Google Scholar
• Quiton, P. A. C.; Marie, B.; Cruz-Papa, D.; May, D.; Bergantin, J. Jr. Bacteriophage-Modified Graphene Oxide Screen-Printed Electrodes for the Impedimetric Biosensing of Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhimurium. Sens. Transducers 2018, 18, 38–42.
   Google Scholar
• Heo, J.; Hua, S. Z. An Overview of Recent Strategies in Pathogen Sensing. Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) 2009, 9, 4483–4502. DOI:10.3390/s90604483.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar