Planar Chromatography Application in Analytical Toxicology

REFERENCES

• Sherma , J. and Fried , B. 1984 . Thin layer and paper chromatography: a review . Anal. Chem. , 56 ( 5 ) : 51R
   Google Scholar
• Maugh , T. H. 1982 . TLC: the overlooked alternative . Science , 216 ( 4542 ) : 161
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Macek , K. 1983 . Chromatography . J. Chromatogr. Libr. , 22A : 161
   Google Scholar
• Oakley , E. T. , Johnson , L. F. and Stahr , H. M. 1974 . A rapid method for the determination of benzo(A)pyrene in cigarette smoke . Tobacco , 4 : 47
   Google Scholar
• Sherma , J. , Sleckman , B. P. and Armstrong , D. W. 1983 . Chromatography of amino acids on reversed phase thin layer plates . J. Liq. Chromatogr. , 6 : 95
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stahr , H. M. 1981 . Thin layer chromatography (TLC) applied to diagnostic toxicology . Vet. Human Toxicol. , 23 ( 6 ) : 433
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Touchstone , J. C. and Sherma , J. 1985 . Techniques and Applications of Thin Layer Chromatography , New York : John Wiley & Sons .
   Google Scholar
• Kaiser , R. Private communication , Germany : Wurzburg, W. .
   Google Scholar
• Kaiser , R. 1985 . “ The advantages of computerization in TLC, HPTLC ” . In Instrumental High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography , Edited by: Kaiser , R. Germany : Institute for Chromatography, Bad Durkheim, W. .
   Google Scholar
• Heilweil , E. 1984 . “ Solvent selection for TLC ” . In TLC Applications Report , Clifton, N.J. : Whatman Separations Inc. .
   Google Scholar
• Snyder , L. R. , Dolan , M. and Gant , L. 1979 . Gradient elution in HPTLC . J. Chromatogr. , 165 : 3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Armstrong , D. W. , Bui , K. H. and Boehm , R. E. 1983 . Practice, mechanism and theory of reversed phase TLC polymer fractionation . J. Liq. Chromatogr. , 6 ( 1 ) : 1022
   Google Scholar
• Armstrong , D. W. and Stine , G. Y. 1983 . Evaluation and perturbation of micelle-solute interactions . J. Am. Chem. Soc , 105 : 2962
   Google Scholar
• Stahr , H. M. and Martin , P. J. 1985 . “ Cyclodextrin mobile phases for planar chromatography of mycotoxins ” . In Planar Chromatography , Edited by: Kaiser , R. Germany : Institute for Chromatography, Bad Durkheim, W. .
   Google Scholar
• Alok , A. and Armstrong , D. W. 1986 . Thin layer separation of optical, geometrical, and structural isomers . Anal. Chem. , 58 ( 3 ) : 42 a
   Google Scholar
• Biorad Commerical Literature , 1985 .
   Google Scholar
• Fennimore , D. C. 1981 . High performance thin layer chromatography . Anal. Chem. , 52 ( 2 ) : 252A
   Google Scholar
• Davis , C. M. and Fennimore , D. C. 1980 . “ High performance thin layer chromatography for monitoring drug therapy ” . In Quantitative Environmental and Clinical Applications of TLC , Edited by: Touchstone , J. C. New York : John Wiley & Sons .
   Google Scholar
• Bicking , M. C . 1985 . “ Lasers and TLC ” . In Techniques and Applications of TLC , Edited by: Touchstone , J. C. and Sherma , J. New York : John Wiley & Sons .
   Google Scholar
• Huff , P. B. and Sepaniak , M. J. 1983 . Laser fluorometric detection for thin layer chromatography . Anal. Chem. , 55 : 1992
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Romaley , L. , Nearing , M. E. , Vaughan , M. A. , Ackman , R. G. and Jamison , W. D. 1983 . TLC plate scanner interfaced with a mass spectrometer . Anal. Chem. , 55 : 2285
   Google Scholar
• Stahr , H. M. 1985 . “ Spectral analysis of TLC bands ” . In Techniques and Applications of TLC , Edited by: Touchstone , J. C. and Sherma , J. New York : John Wiley & Sons .
   Google Scholar
• Funk , W. , Canstein , V. , Couturier , M. , Heilingenthal , T. , Kiefer , M. , Schlierbach , A. and Somero , S. 1985 . “ Sample preparation and derivatization procedures in TLC/HPTLC ” . In Instrumental High Performance TLC , Edited by: Kaiser , R. Germany : Institute for Chromatography, Bad Durkheim, W. .
   Google Scholar
• Filthuth , H. 1985 . “ New methods in analyzing radiochromatograms and electropherograms ” . In Techniques and Applications of TLC , Edited by: Touchstone , J. C. and Sherma , J. New York : John Wiley & Sons .
   Google Scholar
• St. Onge , L. M. , Dolar , E. , Richardson , E. M. and Yeast , C. T. 1979 . Automated sample cleanup procedure for drugs . Clin. Chem. , 25 : 1383
   Google Scholar
• Stahr , H. M. 1985 . “ Uses of planar chromatography in analytical toxicology ” . In Instrumental High Performance TLC , Edited by: Kaiser , R. Germany : Institute for Chromatography, Bad Durkheim, W. .
   Google Scholar
• Sherma , J. 1981 . Practice and Application of Thin Layer Chromatography on Whatman KC₁₈ Reverse Phase Plates , Vol. 1 , Clifton, N.J. : Whatman Chemical Separations .
   Google Scholar
• Henry , D. E. and Vitek , R. K. 1975 . Photographic documentation in the laboratory . J. Chromatogr. Sci. , 13 : 570
   Google Scholar
• Stahr , H. M. and Stambaugh , D. 1980 . A photographic device for thin layer chromatography plates . Vet. Human Toxicol. , 22 ( 2 ) : 91
   Google Scholar
• Stahr , H. M. 1980 . “ Documentation ” . In ACVT Anal. Toxicol. Methods Manual , Edited by: Everson , R. J. and Stahr , H. M. Manhattan : ACVT — Kansas State University .
   Google Scholar
• Stahr , H. M. 1983 . Some advances in application of TLC to diagnostic toxicology . J. Liq. Chromatogr. , 6 ( 1 ) : 123
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baeumler , D. and Brenter , J. 1977 . The standardization of thin layer chromatography in toxicology . Lebensm. Gerrichte Chem. , 31 : 42
   Google Scholar
• Ebel , S. 1985 . “ Calibration and validation in TLC/HPTLC ” . In Instrumental High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography , Edited by: Kaiser , R. Germany : Chromatography Institute, Bad Durkheim, W. .
   Google Scholar
• Intershick , E. and Wuest , H. 1979 . Thin layer drug detection in urine and gastric juice, a systematic method of analysis . Lab. Med. , 3 : 77
   Google Scholar
• Guebitz , G. and Winterstuger , R. 1980 . Identification of drugs of abuse by high performance thin layer chromatography . J. Anal. Toxicol. , 4 : 141
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Dress , W. , Zimink , K. , Long , W. , Manning , T. and Lukash , M. D. 1980 . Separation of barbiturates using reverse phase thin layer chromatography . Clin. Toxicol. , 16 ( 2 ) : 219
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Stahr , H. M. 1983 . Some advances in the application of TLC to diagnostic toxicology . J. Liq. Chromatogr. , 6 ( 1 ) : 123
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vander Venne , M. T. and T'Siobel , J. B. 1963 . Analysis of antimicrobials by paper chromatography . J. Pharm. , 19 : 577 Bdg
   Google Scholar
• Betina , T. 1973 . Bioautography in paper and thin layer chromatography and its scope in the antibiotic field (a review) . J. Chromatogr. , 78 : 41
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Donoho , A. C. and Kline , R. M. 1967 . Quantitative assay for rumensin by bioautography . Antimicrob. Agents Chromatogr. , : 263
   Google Scholar
• Baumgartner , A. M. , Baumgartner , W. A. , Jones , P. F. and Black , C. T. 1979 . Radioimmune assay of hair for determining opiate abuse history . J. Nucl. Med. , 20 ( 7 ) : 748
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mount , M. E. and Feldman , B. F. 1983 . Mechanism of diphacione rodenticide toxicosis in the dog and its therapeutic implications . Am. J. Vet. Res. , 44 : 2009
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mitchell , L. C. 1960 . Separation and identification of eleven organophosphorus pesticides by paper chromatography: Delnav, Diazinon, EPN, Guthion, Malathion, Methyl parathion, Parathion, Phosdrin, Ronnel, Systox, Trithion . J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. , 43 : 810
   Google Scholar
• Finocchiaro , J. M. and Bloum , W. R. 1967 . Thin layer chromatography for insecticide analysis . J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. , 50 : 888
   Google Scholar
• Walker , K. C. and Beroza , M. 1963 . Photodecomposition of Mirex on silica gel chromatoplates exposed to natural and artificial light . J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. , 46 : 250
   Google Scholar
• Ivey , G. W. , Donough , H. W. and Alley , E. G. 1974 . Photodecompoosition of mirex on silica gel chromatoplates exposed to natural and artificial lights . J. Agric. Food Chem. , 22 : 933
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Stahr , H. M. , Hyde , W. and Gaul , M. 1980 . Determination of extractable Mirex in whole blood . J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. , 63 ( #x0023;5 ) : 965
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Stahr , H. M. , ed. 1980 . Analytical Toxicology Methods Manual Supplement , Ames : Iowa State University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Hyde , W. , Stahr , H. M. , Moore , R. , Domoto , M. and Pfeiffer , R. 1982 . “ Sample cleanup of carbamate pesticides for TLC ” . In Advances of TLC , Edited by: Touchstone , J. New York : John Wiley & Sons .
   Google Scholar
• Gallagher , R. T. , Richard , J. L. , Stahr , H. M. and Cole , R. J. 1978 . Cyclopiazonic acid production by aflatoxigenic and nonaflatoxigenic strains of aspergillus flavus . Mycopalhologia , 66 ( 1-2 ) : 31
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stahr , H. M. , ed. 1975 . Analytical Toxicology Methods Manual , Ames : Iowa State University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Stahr , H.M. , Moore , R. and Martin , P. J. 1985 . The Use of Acetylcholinesterase Enzyme as a Screening Test for Pesticides . presented at Midwest Regional Association of Official Analytical Chemists . June 1985 , Chicago. Ill.
   Google Scholar
• Sherma , J. and Getz , M. E. 1982 . “ Quantitative TLC of cholinesterase inhibitory pesticides ” . In Advances in TLC. , Edited by: Touchstone , J. C. New York : John Wiley & Sons .
   Google Scholar
• Martin , P. J. and Stahr , H. M. 1985 . Slaframine Analysis by TLC . presented at Midwest Regional Association of Official Analytical Chemists . June 1985 , Chicago. Ill.
   Google Scholar
• Getz , M. E. 1980 . Paper and Thin Layer Chromatography , Philadelphia : Heyden & Son .
   Google Scholar
• Stahr , H. M. , Martin , P. J. and Hyde , W. 1986 . “ Chromatography of mycotoxins of diagnostic significance ” . In Diagnosis of Mycotoxicosis , Edited by: Richard , J. L. and Thurston , J. R. Dordrecht, Netherlands : Martinus Nijhoff .
   Google Scholar
• Jeffersys , J. A. D. 1963 . The alkaloids . Proc. Chem. Soc , June : 171
   Google Scholar
• Cole , R. J. and Cox , R. 1981 . Handbook of Fungal Toxins , New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Scott , P. M. 1982 . “ Mycotoxin analysis by TLC ” . In Advances of TLC , Edited by: Touchstone , J. New York : John Wiley & Sons .
   Google Scholar
• Randerath , K. 1965 . Thin Layer Chromatography (transl.) , New York : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Stahr , H. M. , Kinker , J. and Hyde , W. 1982 . Analysis of biological tissues for selenium by thin layer chromatography . J. Liq. Chromatogr. , 5 ( 6 ) : 1191
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aldridge , T. 1981 . A thin layer chromatography cleanup for arson distillates . Arson Newslett. , 5 : 39
   Google Scholar
• Andraska , J. 1981 . Forensic analysis of lipsticks . Forensic Sci. Int. , 17 : 235
   Google Scholar
• Beattie , J. B. , Robert , H. L. and Dudley , R. J. 1981 . Nylon and poly(acry)nitrile fibers . Forensic Sci. Int. , 17 : 1757
   Google Scholar
• John , S. S. , Hariden , R. H. and Shrivastava , R. K. 1981 . Analysis of heavy metal dithizone chelates by TLC . J. Indian Chem. Soc. , 58 : 193
   Google Scholar
• Linde H. G. , J. Forensic Sci. , 25 , 870 , 1980 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Baumgartner , W. A. , Black , C. T. , Jones , P. F. and Blahd , W. H. 1982 . Radioimmuno assay of coccaine in hair . J. Nucl. Med. , 23 ( 9 ) : 790
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Balkon , J. , Donnelly , B. and Rejent , T. A. 1983 . Determination of succinyl choline in tissues by TLC, GC/NPD and GC/MS . J. Anal. Toxicol. , 7 ( 5 ) : 233
   Google Scholar
• Magnani , J. L. , Smith , D. F. and Ginsberg , V. 1980 . Detection of gangliosides that bind choleratoxin: direct bonding of iodine-125 labeled toxin to thin layer chromatograms . Anal. Biochem. , 109 : 399
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bazzoli , F. , Fromm , H. , Sarusa , R. P. , Sembrat , R. F. and Ceryak , S. 1982 . Comparison of the formation of lithocholic acid from chenodeoxycholic acid and ursodeoxycholic acid in the colon . Gastroenterology , 83 ( 4 ) : 753
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Zakaria , M. , Gonnord , M. F. and Grichichon , G. 1983 . Applications of two dimensional thin layer chromatography . J. Chromatogr. , 271 ( 2 ) : 127
   Google Scholar
• Bauer , J. H. , Brooks , C. S. , Calncstion , I. , Wilcox , H. and Heinberg , M. 1979 . “ Comparison of the Effect of Tricrynaten and Hydrochlorothiazide on Plasma Lipids ” . In 52nd Annual Heart Assoc , Calif. : Anaheim .
   Google Scholar
• Maduagawu , E. N. and Bassir , V. 1979 . Detection of dimethyl nitrosoamine and diethylnitrosoamine in Nigerian fermented milk product NONO . Toxicol. Lett. , 4 ( 3 ) : 169
   Google Scholar
• Kufner , M. , Schley , J. and Mueller , J. 1980 . Analysis of diagnostically relevant, hence precursors 5-amino levulinic acid coproporphyrin and protoporphyrin in lead intoxication by thin layer chromatography . J. Chromatogr. Biomed. Appl. , 183 ( 4 ) : 475
   Google Scholar
• Kraus , L. , Stahl , E. and Thies , W. 1980 . Quantitative in situ fluorometry of LSD by high performance thin layer chromatography . Bull. Narc , 32 ( 1 ) : 67
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Fong , A. U. , Lin , H. J. and Lee , C. C. H. 1979 . Methylation of DNA in target and nontarget organs of the rat with methylbenzyl nitrosoamine and dimethyl nitrosoamine . Int. J. Cancer , 23 ( 5 ) : 679
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Gunatilaka , A. A. L. 1976 . Thin layer chromatography of N-nitrosoamines . J. Chromatogr. , 120 : 229
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hixson , A. U. , Booter , R. B. , Chopra , D. P. , Harrison , S. D. and Denine , E. P. 1978 . Effect of retinoic acid on the release of prostaglandins by mouse fiberblasts in culture . Pharmacologists , 20 ( 3 ) : 23
   Google Scholar
• Hotchkiss , A. U. , Scanlon , J. H. and Libbey , L. M. 1977 . Formation of bishydroxyl alkyl-y-nitrosoamines as products of the nitrosation of spermidine . Agric. Food Chem. , 25 ( 5 ) : 1183
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hellegren , L. , Preschnon , M. and Vincent , J. 1982 . Simultaneous determination of lipids from skin and hair after exposure to topical chloromadinone acetate . Arch. Dermatol. Res. , 274 ( 3–9 ) : 369
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Bruno , P. , Cassili , M. , Fracassi , F. and Train , A. 1984 . High performance thin layer chromatography separation and densitometric determination of some metallic dithizonates at subnanogram level, applications to real samples . Anal. Lett. , 17 ( 5 ) : 397
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Eppley R. M. , J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. , 51 , 74 , 1968 .
   Google Scholar
• Vorster L. J. , Analyst , 94 , 136 , 1969 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stoloff L. Nesheim S. Yin L. Rodricks J. V. Stack M. Campbell A. D. , J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. , 54 , 91 , 1971 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Scott P. M. van Walbeek W. Kennedy B. Anyeti D. , J. Agric. Food Chem. , 20 , 1103 , 1972 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thomas F. Eppley R. M. Trucksess M. W. , J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. , 58 , 114 , 1975 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Hagan S. N. Tietjen W. H. , J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. , 58 , 620 , 1975 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Roberts B. A. Patterson D. S. P. , J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. , 58 , 1178 , 1975 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Wilson D. M. Tabor W. H. Trucksess M. W. , J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. , 59 , 125 , 1976 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Takeda Y. Isohata E. Amano R. Uchiyama M. Naoi Y. Nakao M. , J. Food Hyg. Soc. Jpn. , 17 , 193 , 1976 .
   Google Scholar
• Balzer I. Bogdanic C. Pepeljnjak S. , J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. , 61 , 584 , 1978 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Josefsson B. G. E. Moller T. E. , J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. , 60 , 1369 , 1977 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Yamamoto J. , Nara Med. Assoc , 26 , 245 , 1975 .
   Google Scholar
• Fowler R. et al. , J. Chromatogr. , 171 ( 1 ), 509 1979 .
   Google Scholar
• Gill R. et al. , J. Chromatogr. , 204 , 275 , 1981 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Balkon J. , J. Anal. Toxicol. , 7 ( 5 ), 237 1983 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Thorton J. Casale P. , Forensic Sci. Int. , 14 , 215 , 1979 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar