55
Views
7
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

Liquid-Liquid Extraction Flow Injection Analysis

Pages 477-557 | Published online: 23 Oct 2006

References

  • Karlberg , B. and Thelander , S. 1978 . Extraction based on the flow injection principle. I. Description of the extraction system . Anal. Chim. Acta , 98 : 1
  • Růžička , J. and Hansen , E. H. 1978 . Flow injection analysis. X. Theory, techniques and trends . Anal. Chim. Acta , 99 : 37
  • Bergamin , F. H. , Madeiros , J. X. , Reis , B. F. and Zagatto , E. A. G. 1978 . Solvent extraction in continuous flow injection analysis. Determination of molybdenum in plant material . Anal. Chim. Acta , 101 : 9
  • Kina , K. , Shiraishi , K. and Ishibashi , N. 1978 . Ultramicro solvent extraction and fluorimetry based on the flow injection method . Talanta , 25 : 295
  • Karlberg , B. , Johansson , P. A. and Thelander , S. 1979 . Extraction based on the flow injection principle. II. Determination of codeine as the picrate ion-pair in acetylsalicylic acid tablets . Anal. Chim. Acta , 104 : 21
  • Kawase , J. , Nakae , A. and Yamanaka , M. 1979 . Determination of anionic surfactants by flow injection analysis based on ion-pair extraction . Anal. Chem. , 51 : 1640
  • Růžička , J. and Hansen , E. H. 1979 . Flow injection analysis . Chem. Tech. , 9 : 756
  • Kina , K. 1979 . Determination of anionic surfactants by flow injection analysis based on ion-pair extraction . Dojin , 14 : 9 (in Japanese)
  • Růžička , J. and Hansen , E. H. 1980 . Flow injection analysis principles, applications and trends . Anal. Chim. Acta , 114 : 19
  • Karlberg , B. and Thelander , S. 1980 . Extraction based on the flow injection principle. III. Fluorimetric determination of vitamin B1 (thiamine) by the thiochrome method . Anal. Chim. Acta , 114 : 129
  • Johansson , P. A. , Karlberg , B. and Thelander , S. 1980 . Extraction based on the flow injection principle. IV. Determination of extraction constants . Anal. Chim. Acta , 114 : 215
  • Klinghoffer , O. , Růžička , J. and Hansen , E. H. 1980 . Flow injection analysis of traces of lead and cadmium by solvent extraction with dithizone . Talanta , 27 : 169
  • Nord , L. and Karlberg , B. 1980 . Extraction based on the flow injection principle. V. Assessment with a membrane phase separator for different organic solvents . Anal. Chim. Acta , 118 : 285
  • Kina , K. and Ueno , K. 1980 . Flow injection analysis opens new aspects in analytical chemistry . Kagaku, Kyoto , 36 : 662 (in Japanese)
  • Kawase , J. 1980 . Automated determination of cationic surfactants by flow injection analysis based on ionpair extraction . Anal. Chem. , 52 : 2124
  • Fukamachi , K. and Ishibashi , N. 1980 . Flow injectionatomic absorption spectrometry with organic solvents . Anal. Chim. Acta , 119 : 383
  • Nord , L. and Karlberg , B. 1981 . An automated extraction system for flame atomic absorption spectrometry . Anal. Chim. Acta , 125 : 199
  • Imasaka , T. , Harada , T. and Ishibashi , N. 1981 . Fluorimeric determination of gallium with lumogallion by flow injection analysis based on solvent extraction . Anal. Chim. Acta , 129 : 196
  • Ekström , J. G. 1981 . An automated method for determination of free fatty acids . J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. , 58 : 935
  • Shelly , D. C. , Rossi , T. M. and Warner , M. I. 1982 . Multiple solvent extraction system with flow injection technology . Anal. Chem. , 54 : 87
  • Fang , Z. 1982 . Development of flow injection analysis . Turangzue Jinzhan , 10 : 48 (in Chinese)
  • Fossey , L. and Cantwell , F. F. 1982 . Characterization of solvent extraction/flow injection analysis with constant pressure pumping and determination of procyclidine hydrochloride in tablets . Anal. Chem. , 54 : 1693
  • Rossi , T. M. , Shelly , D. C. and Warner , I. M. 1982 . Optimization of a flow injection analysis system for multiple solvent extraction . Anal. Chem. , 54 : 2056
  • Ogata , K. , Taguchi , K. and Imanari , T. 1982 . Phase separator for flow injection analysis . Anal. Chem. , 54 : 2127
  • Ogata , K. , Taguchi , K. and Imanari , T. 1982 . Determination of orthophosphate by flow injection analysis based on solvent extraction . Bunseki Kagaku , 31 : 641 (in Japanese)
  • Ranger , C. B. 1982 . Flow injection analysis. A new approach to near-real-time process monitoring . Autom. Stream Anal. Process Control , 1 : 39
  • Mortatti , J. , Krug , J. F. and Bergamin , F. H. 1982 . Spectrophotometric determination of lead in natural waters and plant material by flow injection analysis . Energ. Nucl. Agric., Piracicaba , 4 : 82 (in Portugese)
  • Nord , L. and Karlberg , B. 1983 . Sample preconcentration by continuous flow extraction with a flow injection atomic absorption detection system . Anal. Chim. Acta , 145 : 151
  • Mise , T. 1983 . Determination of anionic surfactants by flow injection analysis based on solvent extraction . Miyakojo Kogyo Koto Semmon Gekko Kenkyo Hokoku , 17 : 7 (in Japanese)
  • Ogata , K. , Taguchi , K. and Imanari , T. 1983 . Flame atomic absorption spectrometry coupled with solvent extraction/flow injection analysis . Chem. Pharm. Bull. , 31 : 1419
  • Fossey , L. and Cantwell , F. F. 1983 . Simultaneous monitoring of both phases in the solvent extraction/flow injection analysis of Dramamine tablets . Anal. Chem. , 55 : 1882
  • Burguera , J. L. and Burguera , M. 1983 . Determination of cadmium in human urine by extraction with dithizone in a flow injection system . Anal. Chim. Acta , 153 : 207
  • Jones , E. A. 1983 . The determination by flow injection analysis of iron, sulfate, silver and cadmium . Techn. Rep. Mintek , M111 : 32
  • Hemmings , P. 1983 . Automated Flow Injection Analysis for Anions in Waters , Ph.D. thesis Birmingham, , U.K. : University of Birmingham .
  • Lynch , T. P. , Taylor , A. F. and Wilson , J. N. 1983 . Fully automatic flow injection system for the determination of uranium at trace levels in ore leachates . Analyst (London) , 108 : 470
  • Bäckström , K. , Danielsson , L.-G. and Nord , L. 1984 . Sample workup for graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry using continuous flow extraction . Analyst (London) , 109 : 323
  • McLeod , C. W. , Worsfold , P. J. and Cox , G. A. 1984 . Simultaneous multi-element analysis of blood serum by flow injection/inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry . Analyst (London) , 109 : 327
  • Müller , H. and Müller , V. 1984 . Principles and applications of flow injection analysis . Z. Chem. , 24 : 81 (in German)
  • Rossi , T. M. , Shelly , D. C. and Warner , I. M. 1984 . Optimization of a flow injection analysis system for multiple solvent extraction . Energy Res. Abstr. , 9 ( No. 8101 )
  • Bengtsson , M. and Johansson , G. 1984 . Preconcentration and matrix isolation of heavy metals through a two-stage solvent extraction in a flow system . Anal. Chim. Acta , 158 : 147
  • Nord , L. and Karlberg , B. 1984 . Extraction based on the flow injection principle. VI. Film formation and dispersion in liquid-liquid segmented flow extraction systems . Anal. Chim. Acta , 164 : 233
  • Ogata , K. , Soma , S. , Koshiishi , I. , Tanabe , S. and Imanari , T. 1984 . Determination of silicate by flow injection analysis coupled with supression column and solvent extraction system . Bunseki Kagaku , 33 : 535
  • Imato , T. and Ishibashi , N. 1984 . Experimental studies of dispersion in FIA-solvent extraction process . J. Flow Injection Anal. , 1 : 23 (in Japanese)
  • Nord , L. 1984 . Extraction in Liquid-Liquid Segmented Flow Systems Applied to the Mechanization of Sample Pretreatment , Ph.D. thesis Stockholm : Royal Institute of Technology .
  • Wu , Y. P. and Pacey , G. E. 1984 . Spectrophotometric determination of lithium ion with the chromogenic crown ether 2′,4′-dinitro-6′-trifluoro-methylphenyl-4′-aminobenzo-14-crown-4 . Anal. Chim. Acta , 162 : 285
  • Cantwell , F. F. and Sweileh , J. A. 1985 . Hydrodynamic and interfacial origin of phase segmentation in solvent extraction/flow injection analysis . Anal. Chem. , 57 : 329
  • Sweileh , J. A. and Cantwell , F. F. 1985 . Sample introduction by solvent extraction/flow injection to eliminate interferences in atomic absorption spectroscopy . Anal. Chem. , 57 : 420
  • Hirai , Y. and Tomokumi , K. 1985 . Extraction-spectrophotometric determination of anionic surfactants with a flow injection analysis . Anal. Chim. Acta , 167 : 409
  • Bäckström , K. , Danielsson , L.-G. and Nord , L. 1985 . Design and evaluation of a new phase separator for liquid-liquid extraction in flow systems . Anal. Chim. Acta , 169 : 43
  • Gallego , M. and Valcárcel , M. 1985 . Indirect atomic absorption spectrometric determination of perchlorate by liquid-liquid extraction in a flow injection system . Anal. Chim. Acta , 169 : 161
  • Fossey , L. and Cantwell , F. F. 1985 . Determination of acidity constants by solvent extraction/flow injection analysis using a dual-membrane phase separator . Anal. Chem. , 57 : 922
  • Tyson , J. F. , Adeeyinwo , C. E. , Appleton , J. M. H. , Bysouth , S. R. , Idris , A. B. and Sarkissian , L. L. 1985 . Flow injection techniques of method development for flame atomic absorption spectrometry . Analyst (London) , 110 : 487
  • Maeda , M. and Tsuji , A. 1985 . Fluorescence and chemiluminescence determination of steroid and bili acid sulfates with lucigenin by flow injection analysis based on ion-pair solvent extraction . Analyst (London) , 110 : 665
  • Sweileh , J. A. and Cantwell , F. F. 1985 . Use of peak height for quantification in solvent extraction/flow injection analysis . Can. J. Chem. , 63 : 2559
  • Sun , L. , Li , L. and Fang , Z. 1985 . Flow injection analysis of soil available zinc by solvent extraction with dithizone . Fenxi Huaxue , 13 : 447 (in Chinese)
  • Oguma , K. and Kuroda , R. 1985 . Simultaneous determination by flow injection analysis . J. Flow Inject. Anal. , 2 : 98 (in Japanese)
  • Nord , L. , Johansson , P. A. and Brotell , H. 1985 . Flow injection extraction and gas chromatographic determination of terodiline in blood serum . Anal. Chim. Acta , 175 : 281
  • Kato , T. 1985 . Flow injection spectrophotometric determination of enalapril in pharmaceuticals with bromothymol blue . Anal. Chim. Acta , 175 : 339
  • Karlberg , B. 1985 . Liquid-liquid extraction in FIA . FIAstar Newslett. , 2 : 1
  • Betteridge , D. , Wade , A. P. and Howard , A. G. 1985 . Reflections on the modified simplex-I . Talanta , 32 : 709
  • Matschiner , H. and Sivers , P. 1985 . Flow injection analysis special solutions for general problems . Wiss. Fortschr. , 35 : 142 (in German)
  • Fujiwara , K. and Fuwa , K. 1985 . Liquid core optical fiber total reflection cell as a colorimetric detector for flow injection analysis . Anal. Chem. , 57 : 1012
  • Hansen , E. H. 1986 . Flow Injection Analysis , D.Sc. dissertation Copenhagen : Technical University of Denmark .
  • Gallego , M. , Silva , M. and Valcárcel , M. 1986 . Determination of nitrate and nitrite by continuous liquid-liquid extraction with a flow-injection atomic-absorption detection system . Fresenius Z. Anal. Chem. , 323 : 50
  • Sahleström , Y. and Karlberg , B. 1986 . An unsegmented extraction system for flow injection analysis . Anal. Chim. Acta , 179 : 315
  • Silva , M. , Gallego , M. and Valcárcel , M. 1986 . Sequential atomic absorption spectrometric determination of nitrate and nitrite in meats by liquid-liquid extraction in a flow injection system . Anal. Chim. Acta , 179 : 341
  • Whitaker , M. J. 1986 . Spectrophotometric determination of nonionic surfactants by flow injection analysis utilizing ion-pair extraction and an imporoved phase separator . Anal. Chim. Acta , 179 : 459
  • Karlberg , B. 1986 . Flow injection analysis or the art of controlling sample dispersion in a narrow tube . Anal. Chim. Acta , 180 : 16
  • Fang , Z. The automation of soil chemical analysis by flow injection analysis . Proc. Multinatl. Instrum. Conf., Beijing, China . pp. 800
  • Luque de Castro , M. D. 1986 . Flow injection analysis. A new tool to automate extraction processes . J. Autom. Chem. , 8 : 56
  • Fang , Z. 1986 . Flow injection techniques in atomic spectroscopy . Fenxi Huaxue , 14 : 549 (in Chinese)
  • Fogelqvist , E. , Krysell , M. and Danielsson , L.-G. 1986 . On-line liquid-liquid extraction in a segmented flow directly coupled to on-column injection into a gas chromatograph . Anal. Chem. , 58 : 1516
  • Gallego , M. , Silva , M. and Valcárcel , M. 1986 . Indirect atomic absorption determination of anionic surfactants in wastewater by flow injection continuous liquid-liquid extraction . Anal. Chem. , 58 : 2265
  • Sahleström , Y. and Karlberg , B. 1986 . Flow injection extraction with a microvolume module based on in tegrated conduits . Anal. Chim. Acta , 185 : 259
  • Iwachido , T. , Onoda , M. and Motomizu , S. 1986 . Determination of potassium in river water by solvent extraction of potassium in river water by solvent extraction flow injection analysis . Anal. Sci. , 2 : 493
  • Feješ , J. and Melnik , S. 1986 . Optical methods of detection in flow injection analysis . Chem. Listy , 80 : 1009 (in Czech)
  • Audunsson , G. 1986 . Aqueous/aqueous extraction by means of a liquid membrane for sample cleanup and preconcentration of amines in a flow system . Anal. Chem. , 58 : 2714
  • Lucy , C. A. and Cantwell , F. F. 1986 . Simultaneous determination of phenylephrine hydrochloride and pheniramine maleate in nasal spray by solvent extraction flow injection analysis using two porous membrane phase separators and one photometric detector . Anal. Chem. , 58 : 2727
  • Burguera , J. L. , Burguera , M. , La Cruz , D. L. and Naranjo , O. R. 1986 . Determination of lead in the urine of exposed and unexposed adults by extraction and flow injection/atomic absorption spectrometry . Anal. Chim. Acta , 186 : 273
  • Bäckström , K. , Danielsson , L.-G. and Nord , L. 1986 . Dispersion in phase separators for flow injection extraction systems . Anal. Chim. Acta , 187 : 255
  • Sahleström , Y. , Twengstrom , S. and Karlberg , B. 1986 . An automated flow injection extraction method for determination of bittering compounds in beer . Anal. Chim. Acta , 187 : 339
  • Valcárcel , M. and Luque de Castro , M. D. 1987 . Continuous separation techniques in flow injection analysis . J. Chromatogr. , 393 : 3
  • Motomizu , S. , Hazaki , Y. , Oshima , M. and Toei , K. 1987 . Spectrophotometric determination of anionic surfactants in river water with cationic azo dye by solvent extraction flow injection analysis . Anal. Sci. , 3 : 265
  • Attiyat , A. S. 1987 . Study of sample solvent/carrier combination for flow injection analysis atomic absorption spectrometry . J. Flow Inject. Anal. , 4 : 26
  • Nord , L. , Bäckström , K. , Danielsson , L.-G. , Ingman , F. and Karlberg , B. 1987 . Extraction rate in liquid-liquid segmented flow injection analysis . Anal. Chim. Acta , 194 : 221
  • Scokart , P. O. , Meeus-Verdinne , K. and De Borger , R. 1987 . Speciation of heavy metals in polluted soil by sequential extraction and ICP spectrometry . Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem. , 29 : 305
  • Sakai , T. 1987 . Flow injection analysis coupled with solvent extraction . Bunseki Kagaku , 34 : 260 (in Japanese)
  • Canham , J. S. and Pacey , G. E. 1987 . Automated free fatty acid determination using flow injection analysis solvent extraction . J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. , 64 : 1004
  • Bäckström , K. , Danielsson , L.-G. , Ingman , F. and Huazhang , Z. 1987 . Studies of two-phase equilibria by liquid-liquid segmented flow extraction of dithiocarbamic acid into various solvents . Talanta , 34 : 783
  • Kumamaru , T. , Nitta , Y. , Matsuo , H. and Kimura , E. 1987 . Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometric determination of copper by suction-flow on-line liquid-liquid extraction of its macrocyclic dioxotetramine chelate . Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. , 60 : 1930
  • Persaud , G. , Xiu-min , T. and Cantwell , F. F. 1987 . Behavior of solute adsorbed at the liquid-liquid interface during solvent extraction with porous-membrane phase separators . Anal. Chem. , 59 : 2
  • Atallah , R. H. , Růzička , J. and Christian , G. D. 1987 . Continuous solvent extraction in a closed-loop system . Anal. Chem. , 59 : 2909
  • Motomizu , S. and Oshima , M. 1987 . Spectrophotometric determination of phosphorus as orthophosphate based on solvent extraction of the ion associate of molybdophosphate with malachite green using flow injection . Analyst (London) , 112 : 295
  • Valcárcel , M. and Luque de Castro , M. D. 1987 . Flow Injection Analysis. Principles and Applications , New York : John Wiley & Sons .
  • Karlberg , B. 1988 . Flow injection extraction in theory and practice . Fresenius Z. Anal. Chem. , 329 : 660
  • Farran , A. and De Pablo , J. 1988 . Continuous-flow extraction of organophosphorus pesticides coupled online with high-performance liquid chromatography . Anal. Chim. Acta , 212 : 123
  • Fujiwara , K. 1988 . Application of a wave-guide capillary cell in the determination of copper by flow injection analysis . Anal. Chim. Acta , 212 : 245
  • Růžička , J. and Hansen , E. H. 1988 . Homogeneous and heterogeneous systems. Flow injection analysis today and tomorrow . Anal. Chim. Acta , 214 : 3
  • Karlberg , B. 1988 . The theoretical and practical development of flow injection extraction . Anal. Chim. Acta , 214 : 29
  • Fang , Z. , Zhu , Z. , Zhang , S. , Xu , S. , Guo , L. and Sun , L. 1988 . On-line separation and preconcentration in flow injection analysis . Anal. Chim. Acta , 214 : 41
  • Motomizu , S. and Onoda , M. 1988 . Flow-injection determination of sodium and potassium by separation on a silica column and extraction spectrophotometry with benzo-18-crown-6 and tetrabromophenol-phthalein ethyl ester . Anal. Chim. Acta , 214 : 289
  • Gluck , S. J. 1988 . Determination of octanol/water partition coefficients by flow injection analysis . Anal. Chim. Acta , 214 : 315
  • Atallah , R. H. , Christian , G. D. and Hartenstein , S. D. 1988 . Continuous flow solvent extraction system for the determination of trace amounts of uranium in nuclear waste reprocessing solutions . Analyst (London) , 113 : 463
  • Motomizu , S. , Oshima , M. and Kuroda , T. 1988 . Spectrophotometric determination of anionic surfactants in water after solvent extraction coupled with flow injection . Analyst (London) , 113 : 747
  • Motomizu , S. , Onoda , M. and Oshima , M. 1988 . Spectrophotometric determination of potassium in river water based on solvent extraction of the complex formed with a crown ether and an anionic azo dye using flow injection . Analyst (London) , 113 : 743
  • Toei , J. 1988 . Segmented flow injection solvent extraction analysis . Analyst (London) , 113 : 1861
  • Martinez-Jimenez , P. , Gallego , M. and Valcárcel , M. 1988 . Indirect atomic absorption spectrometric determination of some cationic surfactants by continuous liquid-liquid extraction with tetrathiocyanatocobaltate . Anal. Chim. Acta , 215 : 233
  • Del Valle , M. , Alonso , J. , Bartoli , J. and Marti , I. 1988 . Spectrophotometric determination of low levels of anionic surfactants in water by solvent extraction in a flow injection system . Analyst (London) , 113 : 1677
  • Bäckström , K. and Danielsson , L.-G. 1988 . Design and evaluation of an interface between a continuous flow system and a graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometer . Anal. Chem. , 60 : 1354
  • Nekimken , H. L. , Smith , B. F. , Jarvinen , G. D. , Peterson , E. J. and Jones , M. M. 1988 . Computer controlled flow injection analysis system for on-line determination of distribution ratios . Anal. Chim. , 60 : 1390
  • Canete , F. , Rios , A. , Luque de Castro , M. D. and Valcárcel , M. 1988 . Liquid-liquid extraction in continuous flow systems without phase separation . Anal. Chem. , 60 : 2354
  • Attiyat , A. S. , Christian , G. D. , Xie , R. Y. , Wen , X. and Bartsch , R. A. 1988 . Comparative evaluation of neutral and proton ionizable crown ether compounds as lithium ionophores in ion-selective electrodes and in solvent extraction . Anal. Chem. , 60 : 2561
  • Růžička , J. and Hansen , E. H. 1988 . Flow Injection Analysis , 186 New York : John Wiley & Sons .
  • Lucy , C. A. and Cantwell , F. F. 1989 . Kinetics of solvent extraction-flow injection analysis . Anal. Chem. , 61 : 101
  • Lucy , C. A. and Cantwell , F. F. 1989 . Mechanism of extraction and band broadening in solvent extration- flow injection analysis . Anal. Chem. , 61 : 107
  • Burns , D. T. , Chimpalee , N. and Harriott , M. 1989 . Flow injection extraction-spectrophotometric determination of perchlorates with brilliant green . Anal. Chim. Acta , 217 : 177
  • Burns , D. T. , Chimpalee , N. , Harriott , M. and McKillen , G. M. 1989 . Flow injection extraction spectrophotometric determination of permanganate with the ethylene-bis(triphenylphosphine) cation . Anal. Chim. Acta , 217 : 183
  • Kubáň , V. , Komárek , J. and Čajková , D. 1989 . Use of liquid-liquid extraction in flow injection analysis with detection using atomic absorption spectrometry . Chem. Listy , 84 : 376 (in Czech)
  • Kubáň , V. , Komárek , J. and Čajková , D. 1989 . Determination of copper by flow injection analysis with flame atomic absorption detection after liquid-liquid extraction preconcentration . Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun. , 54 : 2683
  • Toei , J. 1989 . Potential of a modified solvent extraction flow injection analysis . Talanta , 36 : 691
  • Canete , F. , Rios , A. , Luque de Castro , M. D. and Valcárcel , M. 1989 . Kinetics of ion-pair extraction in continuous flow systems . Anal. Chim. Acta , 224 : 169
  • Burns , D. T. , Chimpalee , N. and Harriott , M. 1989 . Flow injection spectrophotometric determination of cobalt by extraction as tetrathiocyanatocobaltate(II) with the ethylenebis(triphenylphosphonium) cation . Anal. Chim. Acta , 225 : 123
  • Burns , D. T. , Chimpalee , N. and Harriott , M. 1989 . Flow injection extraction spectrophotometric determination of dichromate with the tetramethylenebis(triphenylphosphonium) cation . Anal. Chim. Acta , 225 : 241
  • Dasgupta , P. K. and Lei , W. 1989 . Solvent extraction in continuous flow systems with intelligent zone sampling . Anal. Chim. Acta , 226 : 255
  • Karlberg , B. and Pacey , G. E. 1989 . Flow Injection Analysis, A Practical Guide , Amsterdam : Elsevier .
  • Burguera , J. L. and Burguera , M. 1989 . Flow Injection Analysis in Atomic Absorption Spectrometry , New York : Marcel Dekker .
  • Koshima , H. and Onishi , H. 1990 . Separation of rhenium by extraction with crown ethers and flow injection extraction spectrophotometric determination with brilliant green . Anal. Chim. Acta , 232 : 287
  • Bäckström , K. and Danielsson , L.-G. 1990 . A mechanized continuous system for the concentration and determination of Co, Cu, Ni, Pb, Cd and Fe in seawater using graphite furnace atomic absorption . Mar. Chem. , 28 : 33
  • Bäckström , K. and Danielsson , L.-G. 1990 . on the design of a continuous flow two step extraction sample workup system for graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry . Anal. Chim. Acta , 232 : 301
  • Thommen , C. , Fromageat , A. , Obergfell , P. and Widmer , H. M. 1990 . Application of a capillary flow cell to sophisticated flow injection analysis . Anal. Chim. Acta , 234 : 141
  • Ballesteros , E. , Gallego , M. and Valcárcel , M. 1990 . On-line coupling of a gas chromatograph to a continuous liquid-liquid extractor . Anal. Chem. , 62 : 1587
  • Kubáň , V. , Danielsson , L.-G. and Ingman , F. 1990 . Comparison of segmenters for liquid-liquid extraction flow injection analysis . Talanta , 37 : 1169
  • Kubáň , V. , Danielsson , L.-G. and Ingman , F. 1990 . The design of coaxial segmenters for liquid-liquid extraction flow injection analysis . Anal. Chem. , 62 : 2026
  • Haloax , J. J. , Wiese , G. and Bennekom , W. P. 1990 . Selective and sensitive on-line flow extraction, preconcentration and normal phase liquid chromatography . Anal. Chim. Acta , 239 : 171
  • Motomizu , S. , Oshima , M. , Yaneda , N. and Iwachido , T. 1990 . Spectrophotometric determination of calcium with dicyclohexano-24-crown-8 and propyl orange by solvent extraction flow injection method . Anal. Sci. , 6 : 215
  • Szpunar-Lobinska , J. and Trojanowicz , M. 1990 . Flow injection extraction spectrophotometric determination of copper with dithiocarbamates . Anal. Sci. , 6 : 415
  • Koshima , H. and Onishi , H. 1990 . Flow injection method for the separation of thallium and gold on a Sephadex column and their extraction photometric determination with rhodamine B . Anal. Sci. , 6 : 421
  • Kubota , H. , Katsuki , M. and Motomizu , S. 1990 . Batchwise and flow injection methods for spectrophotometric determination of anionic surfactants with 4-(-4-N,N-dimethylaminophenylazc)-2-methylquinoline . Anal. Sci. , 6 : 705
  • Mauroori , J. L. and Miyazaki , A. 1990 . Indirect inductively coupled plasma atomic emission determination of fluoride in water samples by flow injection solvent extraction . Anal. Chem. , 62 : 2457
  • Sakai , T. 1990 . Soivent extraction spectrophotometric determination of berberine and benzethoinium in drugs with tetrabromophenolphthalein ethyl ester by batchwise and flow injection methods . Analyst (London) , 116 : 187
  • Clark , G. D. , Whitman , D. A. , Christian , G. D. and Růžička , J. 1990 . Sample handling and preconcentration in flow injection analysis . Crit, Rev. Anal. Chem. , 21 : 357
  • Kubáň , V. 1990 . Liquid-liquid extraction in flow injection analysis . Radioakt. Ziv. Prostr. , 9 : 13 (in Czech)
  • Kubáň , V. and Ingman , F. 1991 . Phase segmentation in liquid-liquid extraction continuous flow analysis . Crit. Rev. Anal. Chem. , 22 : 37
  • Kubáň , V. and Ingman , F. 1991 . Design of multichannel dropping segmenter for liquid-liquid extraction continuous flow injection analysis . Anal. Chim. Acta , 245 : 251
  • Kubáň , V. 1991 . Study of the film formation process in liquid-liquid extraction flow injection analysis . Collect. Czech. Chem. Commun. , 55 : 1228
  • Kubáň , V. 1991 . Determination of 1-octanol/water partition coefficients by flow injection extraction without phase separation . Anal. Chim. Acta , 248 : 493
  • Kubáň , V. , Danielsson , L.-G. and Ingman , F. Application of the multichannel coaxial dispenser in segmented continuous flow analysis (SCFA) . Talanta , in print
  • Forman , W. B. 1976 . Continuous Flow Analysis. Theory and Practice , New York : Marcel Dekker .
  • Forman , J. K. and Stockwell , P. B. 1975 . Automatic Chemical Analysis , Chichester : Horwood .
  • Valcárcel , M. and Luque de Castro , M. D. 1988 . Automatic Methods of Analysis. Techniques and Instrumentation in Analytical Chemistry , Vol. 9 , Amsterdam : Elsevier .
  • Apffel , J. A. , Brinkman , U. A. Th. and Frei , R. W. 1984 . Design and application of a post-column extraction system compatible with miniaturized liquid chromatography . Chromatographia , 18 : 5
  • Lindgren , C. C. and Dasgupta , P. K. Flow injection and solvent extraction with intelligent segment separation. Determination of quaternary ammonium ions by ion-pairing . Talanta , in press
  • Coulson , J. M. and Richardson , J. F. 1976 . Chemical Engineering, , 3rd ed. , Vol. 1 , Oxford : Pergamon Press .
  • Bartle , K. D. , Wooley , C. L. , Markides , K. E. , Lee , M. L. and Hansen , R. S. 1987 . JHRaCC , 10 : 128
  • Snyder , L. R. and Adler , H. 1976 . Dispersion in segmented flow through glass tubing in continuous flow analysis; the ideal and nonideal model . Anal. Chem. , 48 : 1017 – 1022 .
  • Chen , Jing-Den . 1986 . Measuring the film thickness surrounding a bubble inside a capillary . J. Colloid. Interface Sci. , 109 : 341 F. P., Bretherton, The motion of long bubbles in tubes, J. Fluid Mech. 1961 10 166.
  • Curran , D. J. and Marden , S. K. 1991 . Coaxial phase separator for on-line extraction in flow-injection systems . Anal. Chim. Acta , 247 : 67
  • Melcher , R. G. 1988 . Flow-injection determination of membrane-selected organic compounds . Anal. Chim. Acta , 214 : 239
  • Kubáň , V. Application of flow injection extraction in chemical analysis . Talanta , submitted
  • Motomizu , S. and Korechika , K. 1991 . Flow injection determination of copper based on the solvent extraction of the ion associate of dibromocuprate (I) with cationic dyes . Nippon Kagaku Kaishi , : 795

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.