REFERENCES
- Zhu A X. Hepatocellular carcinoma: are we making progress?. Cancer Invest 2003; 21: 418–428, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Wands J R. Prevention of hepatocellular carcinoma. N Engl J Med 2004; 351: 1567–1570, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Ganem D, Prince A M. Hepatitis B virus infection–natural history and clinical consequences. N Engl J Med 2004; 350: 1118–1129, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Suriawinata A, Xu R. An update on the molecular genetics of hepatocellular carcinoma. Semin Liver Dis 2004; 24: 77–88, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Brechot C, Gozuacik D, Murakami Y, Paterlini-Brechot P. Molecular bases for the development of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Semin Cancer Biol 2000; 10: 211–231, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Evarts R P, Nagy P, Marsden E, Thorgeirsson S S. A precursor-product relationship exists between oval cells and hepatocytes in rat liver. Carcinogenesis 1987; 8: 1737–1740, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Braun L, Mikumo R, Fausto N. Production of hepatocellular carcinoma by oval cells: cell cycle expression of c-myc and p53 at different stages of oval cell transformation. Cancer Res 1989; 49: 1554–1561, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Lee W M. Hepatitis B virus infection. N Engl J Med 1997; 337: 1733–1745, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Chan H L, Ghany M G, Lok A S. Hepatitis B Schiff's Diseases of the Liver. 8th ed., E R Schiff, M F Sorrell, W C Madrey. Lippincott-Raven Publishers, Philadelphia 1998; 757–792
- Beasley RP. Hepatitis B virus. The major etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer 1988; 61: 1942–1956, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Beasley R P, Hwang L Y, Lin C C, Chien C S. Hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatitis B virus. A prospective study of 22,707 men in Taiwan. Lancet 1981; 2: 1129–1133, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Szmuness W. Hepatocellular carcinoma and the hepatitis B virus: evidence for a causal association. Prog Med Virol 1978; 24: 40–69, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Rustgi V K. Epidemiology of hepatocellular carcinoma. Gastroenterol Clin North Am 1987; 16: 545–551, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- El-Serag H B, Mason A C. Rising incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in the United States. N Engl J Med 1999; 340: 745–750, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Hsia C C, Scudamore C H, Di Bisceglie A M, Tabor E. Molecular and serological aspects of HBsAg-negative hepatitis B virus infections in North America. J Med Virol 2003; 70: 20–26, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Brechot C, Thiers V, Kremsdorf D, Nalpas B, Pol S, Paterlini-Brechot P. Persistent hepatitis B virus infection in subjects without hepatitis B surface antigen: clinically significant or purely “occult”?. Hepatology 2001; 34: 194–203, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Torbenson M, Thomas D L. Occult hepatitis B. Lancet Infect Dis 2002; 2: 479–486, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Michalak T I, Pardoe I U, Coffin C S, Churchill N D, Freake D S, Smith P, Trelegan C L. Occult lifelong persistence of infectious hepadnavirus and residual liver inflammation in woodchucks convalescent from acute viral hepatitis. Hepatology 1999; 29: 928–938, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Robinson W S. Molecular events in the pathogenesis of hepadnavirus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma. Annu Rev Med 1994; 45: 297–323, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Chen W N, Oon C J. Human hepatitis B virus mutants: significance of molecular changes. FEBS Lett 1999; 453: 237–242, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Shafritz D A, Lieberman H M. The molecular biology of hepatitis B virus. Annu Rev Med 1984; 35: 219–232, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Seeger C, Mason W S. Hepatitis B virus biology. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 2000; 64: 51–68, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Feitelson M A. Hepatitis B virus in hepatocarcinogenesis. J Cell Physiol 1999; 181: 188–202, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Yeh C T, Shen C H, Tai D I, Chu C M, Liaw Y F. Identification and characterization of a prevalent hepatitis B virus X protein mutant in Taiwanese patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncogene 2000; 19: 5213–5220, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Wu C G, Forgues M, Siddique S, Farnsworth J, Valerie K, Wang X W. SAGE transcript profiles of normal primary human hepatocytes expressing oncogenic hepatitis B virus X protein. FASEB J 2002; 16: 1665–1667, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Matsubara K, Tokino T. Integration of hepatitis B virus DNA and its implications for hepatocarcinogenesis. Mol Biol Med 1990; 7: 243–260, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Sherker A H, Marion P L. Hepadnaviruses and hepatocellular carcinoma. Annu Rev Microbiol 1991; 45: 475–507, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Lok A S, Mc Mahon B J. Chronic hepatitis B. Hepatology 2001; 34: 1225–1241, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Slagle B L, Zhou Y Z, Butel J S. Hepatitis B virus integration event in human chromosome 17p near the p53 gene identifies the region of the chromosome commonly deleted in virus-positive hepatocellular carcinomas. Cancer Res 1991; 51: 49–54, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Zahm P, Hofschneider P H, Koshy R. The HBV X-ORF encodes a transactivator: a potential factor in viral hepatocarcinogenesis. Oncogene 1988; 3: 169–177, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Zoulim F, Saputelli J, Seeger C. Woodchuck hepatitis virus X protein is required for viral infection in vivo. J Virol 1994; 68: 2026–2030, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Chen S H, Hu C P, Lee C K, Chang C. Immune reactions against hepatitis B viral antigens lead to the rejection of hepatocellular carcinoma in BALB/c mice. Cancer Res 1993; 53: 4648–4651, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Kim C M, Koike K, Saito I, Miyamura T, Jay G. HBx gene of hepatitis B virus induces liver cancer in transgenic mice. Nature 1991; 351: 317–320, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Yu D Y, Moon H B, Son J K, Jeong S, Yu S L, Yoon H, Han Y M, Lee C S, Park J S, Lee C H, Hyun B H, Murakami S, Lee K K. Incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in transgenic mice expressing the hepatitis B virus X-protein. J Hepatol 1999; 31: 123–132, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Schluter V, Meyer M, Hofschneider P H, Koshy R, Caselmann W H. Integrated hepatitis B virus X and 3′ truncated preS/S sequences derived from human hepatomas encode functionally active transactivators. Oncogene 1994; 9: 3335–3344, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Unsal H, Yakicier C, Marcais C, Kew M, Volkmann M, Zentgraf H, Isselbacher K J, Ozturk M. Genetic heterogeneity of hepatocellular carcinoma. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1994; 91: 822–826, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Su Q, Schroder C H, Hofmann W J, Otto G, Pichlmayr R, Bannasch P. Expression of hepatitis B virus X protein in HBV-infected human livers and hepatocellular carcinomas. Hepatology 1998; 27: 1109–1120, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Poussin K, Dienes H, Sirma H, Urban S, Beaugrand M, Franco D, Schirmacher P, Brechot C. Paterlini Brechot P. Expression of mutated hepatitis B virus X genes in human hepatocellular carcinomas. Int J Cancer 1999; 80: 497–505, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Schek N, Bartenschlager R, Kuhn C, Schaller H. Phosphorylation and rapid turnover of hepatitis B virus X-protein expressed in HepG2 cells from a recombinant vaccinia virus. Oncogene 1991; 6: 1735–1744, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Henkler F, Hoare J, Waseem N, Goldin R D, Mc Garvey M J, Koshy R, King I A. Intracellular localization of the hepatitis B virus HBx protein. J Gen Virol 2001; 82: 871–882, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Hoare J, Henkler F, Dowling J J, Errington W, Goldin R D, Fish D, Mc Garvey M J. Subcellular localisation of the X protein in HBV infected hepatocytes. J Med Virol 2001; 64: 419–426, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Wollersheim M, Debelka U, Hofschneider P H. A transactivating function encoded in the hepatitis B virus X gene is conserved in the integrated state. Oncogene 1988; 3: 545–552, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Rabe C, Pilz T, Klostermann C, Berna M, Schild H H, Sauerbruch T, Caselmann W H. Clinical characteristics and outcome of a cohort of 101 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. World J Gastroenterol 2001; 7: 208–215, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Su F, Schneider R J. Hepatitis B virus HBx protein activates transcription factor NF-kappaB by acting on multiple cytoplasmic inhibitors of rel-related proteins. J Virol 1996; 70: 4558–4566, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Lucito R, Schneider R J. Hepatitis B virus X protein activates transcription factor NF-kappa B without a requirement for protein kinase C. J Virol 1992; 66: 983–991, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Williams J S, Andrisani O M. The hepatitis B virus X protein targets the basic region-leucine zipper domain of CREB. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1995; 92: 3819–3823, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Benn J, Su F, Doria M, Schneider R J. Hepatitis B virus HBx protein induces transcription factor AP-1 by activation of extracellular signal-regulated and c-Jun N-terminal mitogen-activated protein kinases. J Virol 1996; 70: 4978–4985, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Lara-Pezzi E, Armesilla A L, Majano P L, Redondo J M, Lopez-Cabrera M. The hepatitis B virus X protein activates nuclear factor of activated T cells (NF-AT) by a cyclosporin A-sensitive pathway. EMBO J 1998; 17: 7066–7077, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Yoo Y D, Ueda H, Park K, Flanders K C, Lee Y I, Jay G, Kim S J. Regulation of transforming growth factor-β 1 expression by the hepatitis B virus (HBV) X transactivator. Role in HBV pathogenesis. J Clin Invest 1996; 97: 388–395, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Barnabas S, Hai T, Andrisani O M. The hepatitis B virus X protein enhances the DNA binding potential and transcription efficacy of bZip transcription factors. J Biol Chem 1997; 272: 20684–20690, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Arbuthnot P, Capovilla A, Kew M. Putative role of hepatitis B virus X protein in hepatocarcinogenesis: Effects on apoptosis, DNA repair, mitogen-activated protein kinase and JAK/STAT pathways. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2000; 15: 357–368, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Hsu D K, Dowling C A, Jeng K C, Chen J T, Yang R Y, Liu F T. Galectin-3 expression is induced in cirrhotic liver and hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Cancer 1999; 81: 519–526, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Kim W H, Hong F, Jaruga B, Hu Z, Fan S, Liang T J, Gao B. Additive activation of hepatic NF-kappaB by ethanol and hepatitis B protein X (HBX) or HCV core protein: involvement of TNF-α receptor 1-independent and -dependent mechanisms. FASEB J 2001; 15: 2551–2553, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Yun C, Um H R, Jin Y H, Wang J H, Lee M O, Park S, Lee J H, Cho H. NF-kappaB activation by hepatitis B virus X (HBx) protein shifts the cellular fate toward survival. Cancer Lett 2002; 184: 97–104, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Block T M, Mehta A S, Fimmel C J, Jordan R. Molecular viral oncology of hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncogene 2003; 22: 5093–5107, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Gomez-Gonzalo M, Carretero M, Rullas J, Lara-Pezzi E, Aramburu J, Berkhout B, Alcami J, Lopez-Cabrera M. The hepatitis B virus X protein induces HIV-1 replication and transcription in synergy with T-cell activation signals: functional roles of NF-kappaB/NF-AT and SP1-binding sites in the HIV-1 long terminal repeat promoter. J Biol Chem 2001; 276: 35435–35443, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Elmore L W, Hancock A R, Chang S F, Wang X W, Chang S, Callahan C P, Geller D A, Will H, Harris C C. Hepatitis B virus X protein and p53 tumor suppressor interactions in the modulation of apoptosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1997; 94: 14707–14712, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Lin Y, Nomura T, Yamashita T, Dorjsuren D, Tang H, Murakami S. The transactivation and p53-interacting functions of hepatitis B virus X protein are mutually interfering but distinct. Cancer Res 1997; 57: 5137–5142, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Feitelson M A. Hepatitis B x antigen and p53 in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 1998; 5: 367–374, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Koike K, Moriya K, Yotsuyanagi H, Iino S, Kurokawa K. Induction of cell cycle progression by hepatitis B virus HBx gene expression in quiescent mouse fibroblasts. J Clin Invest 1994; 94: 44–49, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Benn J, Schneider R J. Hepatitis B virus HBx protein deregulates cell cycle checkpoint controls. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1995; 92: 11215–11219, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Sirma H, Giannini C, Poussin K, Paterlini P, Kremsdorf D, Brechot C. Hepatitis B virus X mutants, present in hepatocellular carcinoma tissue, abrogate both the antiproliferative and transactivation effects of HBx. Oncogene 1999; 18: 4848–4859, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Wang X W, Forrester K, Yeh H, Feitelson M A, Gu J R, Harris C C. Hepatitis B virus X protein inhibits p53 sequence-specific DNA binding, transcriptional activity, and association with transcription factor ERCC3. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1994; 91: 2230–2234, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Ahn J Y, Chung E Y, Kwun H J, Jang K L. Transcriptional repression of p21(waf1) promoter by hepatitis B virus X protein via a p53-independent pathway. Gene 2001; 275: 163–168, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Han J, Yoo H Y, Choi B H, Rho H M. Selective transcriptional regulations in the human liver cell by hepatitis B viral X protein. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2000; 272: 525–530, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Park U S, Park S K, Lee Y I, Park J G. Hepatitis B virus-X protein upregulates the expression of p21waf1/cip1 and prolongs G1– > S transition via a p53-independent pathway in human hepatoma cells. Oncogene 2000; 19: 3384–3394, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Kwun H J, Jang K L. Natural variants of hepatitis B virus X protein have differential effects on the expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 gene. Nucleic Acids Res 2004; 32: 2202–2213, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Lin Y, Nomura T, Cheong J, Dorjsuren D, Iida K, Murakami S. Hepatitis B virus X protein is a transcriptional modulator that communicates with transcription factor IIB and the RNA polymerase II subunit 5. J Biol Chem 1997; 272: 7132–7139, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Bouchard M, Giannakopoulos S, Wang E H, Tanese N, Schneider R J. Hepatitis B virus HBx protein activation of cyclin A-cyclin-dependent kinase 2 complexes and G1 transit via a Src kinase pathway. J Virol 2001; 75: 4247–4257, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Wang X W, Gibson M K, Vermeulen W, Yeh H, Forrester K, Sturzbecher H W, Hoeijmakers J H, Harris C C. Abrogation of p53-induced apoptosis by the hepatitis B virus X gene. Cancer Res 1995; 55: 6012–6016, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Gottlob K, Fulco M, Levrero M, Graessmann A. The hepatitis B virus HBx protein inhibits caspase 3 activity. J Biol Chem 1998; 273: 33347–33353, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Koike K, Moriya K, Yotsuyanagi H, Shintani Y, Fujie H, Tsutsumi T, Kimura S. Compensatory apoptosis in preneoplastic liver of a transgenic mouse model for viral hepatocarcinogenesis. Cancer Lett 1998; 134: 181–186, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Pollicino T, Terradillos O, Lecoeur H, Gougeon M L, Buendia M A. Pro-apoptotic effect of the hepatitis B virus X gene. Biomed Pharmacother 1998; 52: 363–368, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Terradillos O, Pollicino T, Lecoeur H, Tripodi M, Gougeon M L, Tiollais P, Buendia M A. p53-independent apoptotic effects of the hepatitis B virus HBx protein in vivo and in vitro. Oncogene 1998; 17: 2115–2123, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Rossner M T. Review: Hepatitis B virus X-gene product: a promiscuous transcriptional activator. J Med Virol 1992; 36: 101–117, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Rabe C, Cheng B, Caselmann W H. Molecular mechanisms of hepatitis B virus-associated liver cancer. Dig Dis 2001; 19: 279–287, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Caselmann W H, Meyer M, Kekule A S, Lauer U, Hofschneider P H, Koshy R. A trans-activator function is generated by integration of hepatitis B virus preS/S sequences in human hepatocellular carcinoma DNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1990; 87: 2970–2974, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Kekule A S, Lauer U, Meyer M, Caselmann W H, Hofschneider P H, Koshy R. The preS2/S region of integrated hepatitis B virus DNA encodes a transcriptional transactivator. Nature 1990; 343: 457–461, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Lauer U, Weiss L, Lipp M, Hofschneider P H, Kekule A S. The hepatitis B virus preS2/St transactivator utilizes AP-1 and other transcription factors for transactivation. Hepatology 1994; 19: 23–31, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Hildt E, Urban S, Hofschneider P H. Characterization of essential domains for the functionality of the MHBst transcriptional activator and identification of a minimal MHBst activator. Oncogene 1995; 11: 2055–2066, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Hildt E, Urban S, Lauer U, Hofschneider P H, Kekule A S. ER-localization and functional expression of the HBV transactivator MHBst. Oncogene 1993; 8: 3359–3367, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Lauer U, Weiss L, Hofschneider P H, Kekule A S. The hepatitis B virus pre-S/S(t) transactivator is generated by 3′ truncations within a defined region of the S gene. J Virol 1992; 66: 5284–5289, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Meyer M, Caselmann W H, Schluter V, Schreck R, Hofschneider P H, Baeuerle P A. Hepatitis B virus transactivator MHBst: activation of NF-kappa B, selective inhibition by antioxidants and integral membrane localization. EMBO J 1992; 11: 2991–3001, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Caselmann W H, Renner M, Schluter V, Hofschneider P H, Koshy R, Meyer M. The hepatitis B virus MHBst167 protein is a pleiotropic transactivator mediating its effect via ubiquitous cellular transcription factors. J Gen Virol 1997; 78: 1487–1495, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Sarin S, Satapathy S, Chauhan R. Hepatitis B e-antigen negative chronic hepatitis B. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2002; 17(Suppl 3)S311–S321, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Milich D R, Chen M K, Hughes J L, Jones J E. The secreted hepatitis B precore antigen can modulate the immune response to the nucleocapsid: a mechanism for persistence. J Immunol 1998; 160: 2013–2021, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- You S L, Yang H I, Chen C J. Seropositivity of hepatitis B e antigen and hepatocellular carcinoma. Ann Med 2004; 36: 215–224, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Hoofnagle J H, Dusheiko G M, Seeff L B, Jones E A, Waggoner J G, Bales Z B. Seroconversion from hepatitis B e antigen to antibody in chronic type B hepatitis. Ann Intern Med 1981; 94: 744–748, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Realdi G, Alberti A, Rugge M, Bortolotti F, Rigoli A M, Tremolada F, Ruol A. Seroconversion from hepatitis B e antigen to anti-HBe in chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Gastroenterology 1980; 79: 195–199, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Liaw Y F, Chu C M, Su I J, Huang M J, Lin D Y, Chang-Chien C S. Clinical and histological events preceding hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion in chronic type B hepatitis. Gastroenterology 1983; 84: 216–219, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Chu C M, Karayiannis P, Fowler M J, Monjardino J, Liaw Y F, Thomas H C. Natural history of chronic hepatitis B virus infection in Taiwan: studies of hepatitis B virus DNA in serum. Hepatology 1985; 5: 431–434, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Hsu Y S, Chien R N, Yeh C T, Sheen I S, Chiou H Y, Chu C M, Liaw Y F. Long-term outcome after spontaneous HBeAg seroconversion in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Hepatology 2002; 35: 1522–1527, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Sung J J, Chan H L, Wong M L, Tse C H, Yuen S C, Tam J S, Leung N W. Relationship of clinical and virological factors with hepatitis activity in hepatitis B e antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B virus-infected patients. J Viral Hepat 2002; 9: 229–234, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Chan H L, Hussain M, Lok A S. Different hepatitis B virus genotypes are associated with different mutations in the core promoter and precore regions during hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion. Hepatology 1999; 29: 976–984, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Chan H L, Leung N W, Hussain M, Wong M L, Lok A S. Hepatitis B e antigen-negative chronic hepatitis B in Hong Kong. Hepatology 2000; 31: 763–768, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Carman W F, Jacyna M R, Hadziyannis S, Karayiannis P, Mc Garvey M J, Makris A, Thomas H C. Mutation preventing formation of hepatitis B e antigen in patients with chronic hepatitis B infection. Lancet 1989; 2: 588–591, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Akahane Y, Yamanaka T, Suzuki H, Sugai Y, Tsuda F, Yotsumoto S, Omi S, Okamoto H, Miyakawa Y, Mayumi M. Chronic active hepatitis with hepatitis B virus DNA and antibody against e antigen in the serum. Disturbed synthesis and secretion of e antigen from hepatocytes due to a point mutation in the precore region. Gastroenterology 1990; 99: 1113–1119, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Kurosaki M, Enomoto N, Asahina Y, Sakuma I, Ikeda T, Tozuka S, Izumi N, Marumo F, Sato C. Mutations in the core promoter region of hepatitis B virus in patients with chronic hepatitis B. J Med Virol 1996; 49: 115–123, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Kuang S Y, Jackson P E, Wang J B, Lu P X, Munoz A, Qian G S, Kensler T W, Groopman J D. Specific mutations of hepatitis B virus in plasma predict liver cancer development. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2004; 101: 3575–3580, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Kao J H, Chen P J, Lai M Y, Chen D S. Basal core promoter mutations of hepatitis B virus increase the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in hepatitis B carriers. Gastroenterology 2003; 124: 327–334, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Soussan P, Tuveri R, Nalpas B, Garreau F, Zavala F, Masson A, Pol S, Brechot C, Kremsdorf D. The expression of hepatitis B spliced protein (HBSP) encoded by a spliced hepatitis B virus RNA is associated with viral replication and liver fibrosis. J Hepatol 2003; 38: 343–348, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Soussan P, Garreau F, Zylberberg H, Ferray C, Brechot C, Kremsdorf D. In vivo expression of a new hepatitis B virus protein encoded by a spliced RNA. J Clin Invest 2000; 105: 55–60, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Stevens C E, Neurath R A, Beasley R P, Szmuness W. HBeAg and anti-HBe detection by radioimmunoassay: correlation with vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus in Taiwan. J Med Virol 1979; 3: 237–241, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Lau G K, Lai C L, Wu P C. The natural history of chronic hepatitis B infection. Hong Kong Med J 1997; 3: 283–288, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Tsai S L, Chen P J, Lai M Y, Yang P M, Sung J L, Huang J H, Hwang L H, Chang T H, Chen D S. Acute exacerbations of chronic type B hepatitis are accompanied by increased T cell responses to hepatitis B core and e antigens. Implications for hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion. J Clin Invest 1992; 89: 87–96, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Montano L, Miescher G C, Goodall A H, Wiedmann K H, Janossy G, Thomas H C. Hepatitis B virus and HLA antigen display in the liver during chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Hepatology 1982; 2: 557–561, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Lok A. Efficacy and neurotoxicity of ARA-AMP in CAH-B. Hepatology 1990; 11: 713, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Yaginuma K, Kobayashi H, Kobayashi M, Morishima T, Matsuyama K, Koike K. Multiple integration site of hepatitis B virus DNA in hepatocellular carcinoma and chronic active hepatitis tissues from children. J Virol 1987; 61: 1808–1813, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Dejean A, de The H. Hepatitis B virus as an insertional mutagene in a human hepatocellular carcinoma. Mol Biol Med 1990; 7: 213–222, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Brunetto M R, Oliveri F, Colombatto P, Bonino F. Hepatocellular carcinoma and infections with multiple hepatitis viruses. Princess Takamatsu Symp 1995; 25: 61–66, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Wu C G, Salvay D M, Forgues M, Valerie K, Farnsworth J, Markin R S, Wang X W. Distinctive gene expression profiles associated with Hepatitis B virus x protein. Oncogene 2001; 20: 3674–3682, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Hino O, Kitagawa T, Sugano H. Relationship between serum and histochemical markers for hepatitis B virus and rate of viral integration in hepatocellular carcinomas in Japan. Int J Cancer 1985; 35: 5–10, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Hada H, Arima T, Nagashima H. Hepatitis B virus DNA in human hepatocellular carcinoma: is the integration of hepatitis B virus DNA really carcinogenic?. Gastroenterol Jpn 1986; 21: 594–600, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Hada H, Arima T, Togawa K, Okada Y, Morichika S, Nagashima H. State of hepatitis B viral DNA in the liver of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and chronic liver disease. Liver 1986; 6: 189–198, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Bowcock A M, Pinto M R, Bey E, Kuyl J M, Dusheiko G M, Bernstein R. The PLC/PRF/5 human hepatoma cell line. II. Chromosomal assignment of hepatitis B virus integration sites. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1985; 18: 19–26, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Hino O, Shows T B, Rogler C E. Hepatitis B virus integration site in hepatocellular carcinoma at chromosome 17;18 translocation. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1986; 83: 8338–8342, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Dejean A, Bougueleret L, Grzeschik K H, Tiollais P. Hepatitis B virus DNA integration in a sequence homologous to v-erb-A and steroid receptor genes in a hepatocellular carcinoma. Nature 1986; 322: 70–72, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Blum H E, Offensperger W B, Walter E, Offensperger S, Wahl A, Zeschnigk C, Gerok W. Hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatitis B virus infection: molecular evidence for monoclonal origin and expansion of malignantly transformed hepatocytes. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 1987; 113: 466–472, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Kao J H, Chen P J, Lai M Y, Chen D S. Hepatitis B genotypes correlate with clinical outcomes in patients with chronic hepatitis B. Gastroenterology 2000; 118: 554–559, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Stuyver L, De Gendt S, Van Geyt C, Zoulim F, Fried M, Schinazi R F, Rossau R. A new genotype of hepatitis B virus: complete genome and phylogenetic relatedness. J Gen Virol 2000; 81: 67–74, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Amini-Bavil-Olyaee S, Sarrami-Forooshani R, Mahboudi F, Sabahi F, Adeli A, Noorinayer B, Azizi M, Reza Zali M. Genotype characterization and phylogenetic analysis of hepatitis B virus isolates from Iranian patients. J Med Virol 2005; 75: 227–234, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Chan H L, Wong M L, Hui A Y, Hung L C, Chan F K, Sung J J. Hepatitis B virus genotype C takes a more aggressive disease course than hepatitis B virus genotype B in hepatitis B e antigen-positive patients. J Clin Microbiol 2003; 41: 1277–1279, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Chan H L, Hui A Y, Wong M L, Tse A M, Hung L C, Wong V W, Sung J J. Genotype C hepatitis B virus infection is associated with an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. Gut 2004; 53: 1494–1498, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Chen J D, Liu C J, Lee P H, Chen P J, Lai M Y, Kao J H, Chen D S. Hepatitis B genotypes correlate with tumor recurrence after curative resection of hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2004; 2: 64–71, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Orito E, Mizokami M. Hepatitis B virus genotypes and hepatocellular carcinoma in Japan. Intervirology 2003; 46: 408–412, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Okuda K. Hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol 2000; 32(Suppl 1)S225–S237, [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Ray R B, Steele R, Meyer K, Ray R. Transcriptional repression of p53 promoter by hepatitis C virus core protein. J Biol Chem 1997; 272: 10983–10986, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Bukhtiari N, Hussain T, Iqbal M, Malik A M, Qureshi A H, Hussain A. Hepatitis B and C single and co-infection in chronic liver disease and their effect on the disease pattern. J Pak Med Assoc 2003; 53: 136–140, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Fattovich G, Stroffolini T, Zagni I, Donato F. Hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhosis: incidence and risk factors. Gastroenterology 2004; 127(5)S35–S50, Suppl 1[PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Han H J, Jung E Y, Lee W J, Jang K L. Cooperative repression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 gene expression by hepatitis B virus X protein and hepatitis C virus core protein. FEBS Lett 2002; 518: 169–172, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Ohgaki H. Alterations of RB1, p53 and Wnt pathways in hepatocellular carcinomas associated with hepatitis C, hepatitis B and alcoholic liver cirrhosis. Int J Cancer 2003; 106: 334–341, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Sherr C J, Roberts J M. CDK inhibitors: Positive and negative regulators of G1-phase progression. Genes Dev 1999; 13: 1501–1512, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Crary G S, Albrecht J H. Expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 in human liver. Hepatology 1998; 28: 738–743, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Albrecht J H, Meyer A H, Hu M Y. Regulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21(WAF1/Cip1/Sdi1) gene expression in hepatic regeneration. Hepatology 1997; 25: 557–563, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Kobayashi S, Matsushita K, Saigo K, Urashima T, Asano T, Hayashi H, Ochiai T. P21WAF1/CIP1 messenger RNA expression in hepatitis B, C virus-infected human hepatocellular carcinoma tissues. Cancer 2001; 91: 2096–2103, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Ueda H, Ullrich S J, Gangemi J D, Kappel C A, Ngo L, Feitelson M A, Jay G. Functional inactivation but not structural mutation of p53 causes liver cancer. Nat Genet 1995; 9: 41–47, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Ahn J Y, Jung E Y, Kwun H J, Lee C W, Sung Y C, Jang K L. Dual effects of hepatitis B virus X protein on the regulation of cell-cycle control depending on the status of cellular p53. J Gen Virol 2002; 83: 2765–2772, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Ito Y, Matsuura N, Sakon M, Miyoshi E, Noda K, Takeda T, Umeshita K, Nagano H, Nakamori S, Dono K, Tsujimoto M, Nakahara M, Nakao K, Taniguchi N, Monden M. Expression and prognostic roles of the G1-S modulators in hepatocellular carcinoma: p27 independently predicts the recurrence. Hepatology 1999; 30: 90–99, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Pagano M, Tam S W, Theodoras A M, Beer-Romero P, Del Sal G, Chau V, Yew P R, Draetta G F, Rolfe M. Role of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in regulating abundance of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27. Science 1995; 269: 682–685, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Hunter T, Pines J. Cyclins and cancer. II: Cyclin D and CDK inhibitors come of age. Cell 1994; 79: 573–582, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Pardee A B. G1 events and regulation of cell proliferation. Science 1989; 246: 603–608, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Imoto M, Doki Y, Jiang W, Han E K, Weinstein I B. Effects of cyclin D1 overexpression on G1 progression-related events. Exp Cell Res 1997; 236: 173–180, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Nishida N, Fukuda Y, Komeda T, Kita R, Sando T, Furukawa M, Amenomori M, Shibagaki I, Nakao K, Ikenaga M. Amplification and overexpression of the cyclin D1 gene in aggressive human hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Res 1994; 54: 3107–3110, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Zhang Y J, Jiang W, Chen C J, Lee C S, Kahn S M, Santella R M, Weinstein I B. Amplification and overexpression of cyclin D1 in human hepatocellular carcinoma. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1993; 196: 1010–1016, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Jung Y J, Lee K H, Choi D W, Han C J, Jeong S H, Kim K C, Oh J W, Park T K, Kim C M. Reciprocal expressions of cyclin E and cyclin D1 in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Lett 2001; 168: 57–63, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Kim H, Lee M J, Kim M R, Chung I P, Kim Y M, Lee J Y, Jang J J. Expression of cyclin D1, cyclin E, cdk4 and loss of heterozygosity of 8p, 13q, 17p in hepatocellular carcinoma: comparison study of childhood and adult hepatocellular carcinoma. Liver 2000; 20: 173–178, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Huynh H, Do P T, Nguyen T H, Chow P, Tan P H, Quach T H, Van T, Soo K C, Tran E. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase induces cyclin D1 and Cdk-2 expression and phosphorylation of retinoblastoma in hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Oncol 2004; 25: 1839–1847, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Choi Y L, Park S H, Jang J J, Park C K. Expression of the G1-S modulators in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma and dysplastic nodule: association of cyclin D1 and p53 proteins with the progression of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Korean Med Sci 2001; 16: 424–432, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Geng Y, Whoriskey W, Park M Y, Bronson R T, Medema R H, Li T, Weinberg R A, Sicinski P. Rescue of cyclin D1 deficiency by knockin cyclin E. Cell 1999; 97: 767–777, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Peng S Y, Chou S P, Hsu H C. Association of downregulation of cyclin D1 and of overexpression of cyclin E with p53 mutation, high tumor grade and poor prognosis in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol 1998; 29: 281–289, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Chao Y, Shih Y L, Chiu J H, Chau G Y, Lui W Y, Yang W K, Lee S D, Huang T S. Overexpression of cyclin A but not Skp 2 correlates with the tumor relapse of human hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Res 1998; 58: 985–990, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Ito Y, Takeda T, Sakon M, Monden M, Tsujimoto M, Matsuura N. Expression and prognostic role of cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (cdc2) in hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncology 2000; 59: 68–74, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Counter C M, Avilion A A, LeFeuvre C E, Stewart N G, Greider C W, Harley C B, Bacchetti S. Telomere shortening associated with chromosome instability is arrested in immortal cells which express telomerase activity. EMBO J 1992; 11: 1921–1929, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- de Lange T. Activation of telomerase in a human tumor. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1994; 91: 2882–2885, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Plentz R R, Caselitz M, Bleck J S, Gebel M, Flemming P, Kubicka S, Manns M P, Rudolph K L. Hepatocellular telomere shortening correlates with chromosomal instability and the development of human hepatoma. Hepatology 2004; 40: 80–86, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Ohashi K, Tsutsumi M, Kobitsu K, Fukuda T, Tsujiuchi T, Okajima E, Ko S, Nakajima Y, Nakano H, Konishi Y. Shortened telomere length in hepatocellular carcinomas and corresponding background liver tissues of patients infected with hepatitis virus. Jpn J Cancer Res 1996; 87: 419–422, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Ohashi K, Tsutsumi M, Nakajima Y, Kobitsu K, Nakano H, Konishi Y. Telomere changes in human hepatocellular carcinomas and hepatitis virus infected noncancerous livers. Cancer 1996; 77: 1747–1751, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Greider C W. Telomeres, telomerase and senescence. Bioessays 1990; 12: 363–369, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Paradis V, Youssef N, Dargere D, Ba N, Bonvoust F, Deschatrette J, Bedossa P. Replicative senescence in normal liver, chronic hepatitis C, and hepatocellular carcinomas. Hum Pathol 2001; 32: 327–332, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Wright W E, Shay J W. Telomere positional effects and the regulation of cellular senescence. Trends Genet 1992; 8: 193–197, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Maser R S, De Pinho R A. Connecting chromosomes, crisis, and cancer. Science 2002; 297: 565–569, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Miura N, Horikawa I, Nishimoto A, Ohmura H, Ito H, Hirohashi S, Shay J W, Oshimura M. Progressive telomere shortening and telomerase reactivation during hepatocellular carcinogenesis. Cancer Genet Cytogenet 1997; 93: 56–62, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Kojima H, Kaita K D, Xu Z, Ou J H, Gong Y, Zhang M, Minuk G Y. The absence of up-regulation of telomerase activity during regeneration after partial hepatectomy in hepatitis B virus X gene transgenic mice. J Hepatol 2003; 39: 262–268, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Nagao K, Tomimatsu M, Endo H, Hisatomi H, Hikiji K. Telomerase reverse transcriptase mRNA expression and telomerase activity in hepatocellular carcinoma. J Gastroenterol 1999; 34: 83–87, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Kobayashi T, Kubota K, Takayama T, Makuuchi M. Telomerase activity as a predictive marker for recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatectomy. Am J Surg 2001; 181: 284–288, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Oh B K, Jo Chae K, Park C, Kim K, Jung Lee W, Han K H, Nyun Park Y. Telomere shortening and telomerase reactivation in dysplastic nodules of human hepatocarcinogenesis. J Hepatol 2003; 39: 786–792, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Farazi P A, Glickman J, Jiang S, Yu A, Rudolph K L, De Pinho R A. Differential impact of telomere dysfunction on initiation and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Res 2003; 63: 5021–5027, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Zhang R, Wang X, Guo L, Xie H. Growth inhibition of BEL-7404 human hepatoma cells by expression of mutant telomerase reverse transcriptase. Int J Cancer 2002; 97: 173–179, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Tatsuma T, Goto S, Kitano S, Lin Y C, Lee C M, Chen C L. Telomerase activity in peripheral blood for diagnosis of hepatoma. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2000; 15: 1064–1070, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Bosch F X, Ribes J, Borras J. Epidemiology of primary liver cancer. Semin Liver Dis 1999; 19: 271–285, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Parkin D M, Pisani P, Ferlay J. Global cancer statistics. CA Cancer J Clin 1999; 49: 33–64, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Steel L F, Shumpert D, Trotter M, Seeholzer S H, Evans A A, London W T, Dwek R, Block T M. A strategy for the comparative analysis of serum proteomes for the discovery of biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma. Proteomics 2003; 3: 601–609, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Bergman S, Graeme-Cook F, Pitman M B. The usefulness of the reticulin stain in the differential diagnosis of liver nodules on fine-needle aspiration biopsy cell block preparations. Mod Pathol 1997; 10: 1258–1264, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Varma V, Cohen C. Immunohistochemical and molecular markers in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Adv Anat Pathol 2004; 11: 239–249, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Zondervan P E, Wink J, Alers J C, JN I J, Schalm S W, de Man R A, van Dekken H. Molecular cytogenetic evaluation of virus-associated and non-viral hepatocellular carcinoma: analysis of 26 carcinomas and 12 concurrent dysplasias. J Pathol 2000; 192: 207–215, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Buendia M A. Genetics of hepatocellular carcinoma. Semin Cancer Biol 2000; 10: 185–200, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Nagai H, Ponglikitmongkol M, Fujimoto J, Yamamoto H, Kim Y S, Konishi N, Matsubara K. Genomic aberrations in early stage human hepatocellular carcinomas. Cancer 1998; 82: 454–461, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Marchio A, Meddeb M, Pineau P, Danglot G, Tiollais P, Bernheim A, Dejean A. Recurrent chromosomal abnormalities in hepatocellular carcinoma detected by comparative genomic hybridization. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 1997; 18: 59–65, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Zimonjic D B, Keck C L, Thorgeirsson S S, Popescu N C. Novel recurrent genetic imbalances in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines identified by comparative genomic hybridization. Hepatology 1999; 29: 1208–1214, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Kusano N, Shiraishi K, Kubo K, Oga A, Okita K, Sasaki K. Genetic aberrations detected by comparative genomic hybridization in hepatocellular carcinomas: their relationship to clinicopathological features. Hepatology 1999; 29: 1858–1862, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Wong N, Lai P, Lee S W, Fan S, Pang E, Liew C T, Sheng Z, Lau J W, Johnson P J. Assessment of genetic changes in hepatocellular carcinoma by comparative genomic hybridization analysis: relationship to disease stage, tumor size, and cirrhosis. Am J Pathol 1999; 154: 37–43, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Emi M, Fujiwara Y, Nakajima T, Tsuchiya E, Tsuda H, Hirohashi S, Maeda Y, Tsuruta K, Miyaki M, Nakamura Y. Frequent loss of heterozygosity for loci on chromosome 8p in hepatocellular carcinoma, colorectal cancer, and lung cancer. Cancer Res 1992; 52: 5368–5372, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Ishii H, Baffa R, Numata S I, Murakumo Y, Rattan S, Inoue H, Mori M, Fidanza V, Alder H, Croce C M. The FEZ1 gene at chromosome 8p22 encodes a leucine-zipper protein, and its expression is altered in multiple human tumors. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 1999; 96: 3928–3933, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Slagle B L, Zhou Y Z, Birchmeier W, Scorsone K A. Deletion of the E-cadherin gene in hepatitis B virus-positive Chinese hepatocellular carcinomas. Hepatology 1993; 18: 757–762, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Fujiyama S, Tanaka M, Maeda S, Ashihara H, Hirata R, Tomita K. Tumor markers in early diagnosis, follow-up and management of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncology 2002; 62(Suppl 1)S57–S63, [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Li D, Mallory T, Satomura S. AFP-L3: a new generation of tumor marker for hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Chim Acta 2001; 313: 15–19, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Fujiyama S, Izuno K, Gohshi K, Shibata J, Sato T. Clinical usefulness of des-γ -carboxy prothrombin assay in early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Dig Dis Sci 1991; 36: 1787–1792, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Nomura F, Ohnishi K, Tanabe Y. Clinical features and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma with reference to serum α -fetoprotein levels. Analysis of 606 patients. Cancer 1989; 64: 1700–1707, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Okuda K. Early recognition of hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology 1986; 6: 729–738, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Johnson P J, Williams R. Cirrhosis and the aetiology of hepatocellular carcinoma. J Hepatol 1987; 4: 140–147, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Kumada T, Nakano S, Takeda I, Kiriyama S, Sone Y, Hayashi K, Katoh H, Endoh T, Sassa T, Satomura S. Clinical utility of Lens culinaris agglutinin-reactive α -fetoprotein in small hepatocellular carcinoma: special reference to imaging diagnosis. J Hepatol 1999; 30: 125–130, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Poon T C, Mok T S, Chan A T, Chan C M, Leong V, Tsui S H, Leung T W, Wong H T, Ho S K, Johnson P J. Quantification and utility of monosialylated α -fetoprotein in the diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma with nondiagnostic serum total α -fetoprotein. Clin Chem 2002; 48: 1021–1027, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Issaq H J, Veenstra T D, Conrads T P, Felschow D. The SELDI-TOF MS approach to proteomics: protein profiling and biomarker identification. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2002; 292: 587–592, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- He Q Y, Lau G K, Zhou Y, Yuen S T, Lin M C, Kung H F, Chiu J F. Serum biomarkers of hepatitis B virus infected liver inflammation: a proteomic study. Proteomics 2003; 3: 666–674, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Poon T C, Yip T T, Chan A T, Yip C, Yip V, Mok T S, Lee C C, Leung T W, Ho S K, Johnson P J. Comprehensive proteomic profiling identifies serum proteomic signatures for detection of hepatocellular carcinoma and its subtypes. Clin Chem 2003; 49: 752–760, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Wilson L L, Tran L, Morton D L, Hoon D S. Detection of differentially expressed proteins in early-stage melanoma patients using SELDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Ann NY Acad Sci 2004; 1022: 317–322, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Won Y, Song H J, Kang T W, Kim J J, Han B D, Lee S W. Pattern analysis of serum proteome distinguishes renal cell carcinoma from other urologic diseases and healthy persons. Proteomics 2003; 3: 2310–2316, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Lehrer S, Roboz J, Ding H, Zhao S, Diamond E J, Holland J F, Stone N N, Droller M J, Stock R G. Putative protein markers in the sera of men with prostatic neoplasms. BJU Int 2003; 92: 223–225, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Zhu X D, Zhang W H, Li C L, Xu Y, Liang W J, Tien P. New serum biomarkers for detection of HBV-induced liver cirrhosis using SELDI protein chip technology. World J Gastroenterol 2004; 10: 2327–2329, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Kim W, Oe Lim S, Kim J S, Ryu Y H, Byeon J Y, Kim H J, Kim Y I, Heo J S, Park Y M, Jung G. Comparison of proteome between hepatitis B virus- and hepatitis C virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2003; 9: 5493–5500, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Lin M T, Wang M Y, Liaw K Y, Lee P H, Chien S F, Tsai J S, Lin-Shiau S Y. Superoxide dismutase in hepatocellular carcinoma affects patient prognosis. Hepatogastroenterology 2001; 48: 1102–1105, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Goldenberg D, Ayesh S, Schneider T, Pappo O, Jurim O, Eid A, Fellig Y, Dadon T, Ariel I, de Groot N, Hochberg A, Galun E. Analysis of differentially expressed genes in hepatocellular carcinoma using cDNA arrays. Mol Carcinog 2002; 33: 113–124, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Suto K, Kajihara-Kano H, Yokoyama Y, Hayakari M, Kimura J, Kumano T, Takahata T, Kudo H, Tsuchida S. Decreased expression of the peroxisomal bifunctional enzyme and carbonyl reductase in human hepatocellular carcinomas. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 1999; 125: 83–88, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Takashima M, Kuramitsu Y, Yokoyama Y, Iizuka N, Toda T, Sakaida I, Okita K, Oka M, Nakamura K. Proteomic profiling of heat shock protein 70 family members as biomarkers for hepatitis C virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Proteomics 2003; 3: 2487–2493, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Kozlowska J, Loch T, Jablonska J, Cianciara J. [Biochemical markers of fibrosis in chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis of viral origin]. Przegl Epidemiol 2001; 55: 451–458, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Chang T T, Lin H C, Lee S D, Tsai Y T, Lee F Y, Jeng F S, Wu J C, Yeh P S, Lo K J. Clinical significance of serum type-III procollagen aminopropeptide in hepatitis B virus-related liver diseases. Scand J Gastroenterol 1989; 24: 533–538, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Chen Y, Wang B E, Jia J D, Qian L X, Wang T L, Chen M H, Chen G Y, He W, Ding H G, Yin S S, Zhang Y, Dong Z. [Noninvasive evaluation of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B patients]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2003; 11: 354–357, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Luo R, Yang S, Xie J, Zhao Z, He Y, Yao J. [Diagnostic value of five serum markers for liver fibrosis]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2001; 9: 148–150, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Ding H, Chen Y, Feng X, Liu D, Wu A, Zhang L. [Correlation between liver fibrosis stage and serum liver fibrosis markers in patients with chronic hepatitis B]. Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi 2001; 9: 78–80, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Castera L, Hartmann D J, Chapel F, Guettier C, Mall F, Lons T, Richardet J P, Grimbert S, Morassi O, Beaugrand M, Trinchet J C. Serum laminin and type IV collagen are accurate markers of histologically severe alcoholic hepatitis in patients with cirrhosis. J Hepatol 2000; 32: 412–418, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Myers R P, Tainturier M H, Ratziu V, Piton A, Thibault V, Imbert-Bismut F, Messous D, Charlotte F, Di Martino V, Benhamou Y, Poynard T. Prediction of liver histological lesions with biochemical markers in patients with chronic hepatitis B. J Hepatol 2003; 39: 222–230, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Song le H, Binh V Q, Duy D N, Kun J F, Bock T C, Kremsner P G, Luty A J. Serum cytokine profiles associated with clinical presentation in Vietnamese infected with hepatitis B virus. J Clin Virol 2003; 28: 93–103, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Tangkijvanich P, Vimolket T, Theamboonlers A, Kullavanijaya P, Suwangool P, Poovorawan Y. Serum interleukin-6 and interferon-γ levels in patients with hepatitis B-associated chronic liver disease. Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol 2000; 18: 109–114, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Lee Y, Park U S, Choi I, Yoon S K, Park Y M, Lee Y I. Human interleukin 6 gene is activated by hepatitis B virus-X protein in human hepatoma cells. Clin Cancer Res 1998; 4: 1711–1717, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Shin H D, Park B L, Kim L H, Jung J H, Kim J Y, Yoon J H, Kim Y J, Lee H S. Interleukin 10 haplotype associated with increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma. Hum Mol Genet 2003; 12: 901–906, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Khan J, Saal L H, Bittner M L, Chen Y, Trent J M, Meltzer P S. Expression profiling in cancer using cDNA microarrays. Electrophoresis 1999; 20: 223–229, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Lau W Y, Lai P B, Leung M F, Leung B C, Wong N, Chen G, Leung T W, Liew C T. Differential gene expression of hepatocellular carcinoma using cDNA microarray analysis. Oncol Res 2000; 12: 59–69, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Iizuka N, Oka M, Yamada-Okabe H, Mori N, Tamesa T, Okada T, Takemoto N, Tangoku A, Hamada K, Nakayama H, Miyamoto T, Uchimura S, Hamamoto Y. Comparison of gene expression profiles between hepatitis B virus- and hepatitis C virus-infected hepatocellular carcinoma by oligonucleotide microarray data on the basis of a supervised learning method. Cancer Res 2002; 62: 3939–3944, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Liu L X, Jiang H C, Liu Z H, Zhu A L, Zhang W H, Wu L F, Zhou J, Wang X Q, Wu M. Expression of cell cycle/growth regulator genes in human hepatocellular carcinoma and adjacent normal liver tissues. Oncol Rep 2003; 10: 1771–1775, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Shirota Y, Kaneko S, Honda M, Kawai H F, Kobayashi K. Identification of differentially expressed genes in hepatocellular carcinoma with cDNA microarrays. Hepatology 2001; 33: 832–840, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Yoong K F, Afford S C, Jones R, Aujla P, Qin S, Price K, Hubscher S G, Adams D H. Expression and function of CXC and CC chemokines in human malignant liver tumors: a role for human monokine induced by γ -interferon in lymphocyte recruitment to hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatology 1999; 30: 100–111, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Delpuech O, Trabut J B, Carnot F, Feuillard J, Brechot C, Kremsdorf D. Identification, using cDNA macroarray analysis, of distinct gene expression profiles associated with pathological and virological features of hepatocellular carcinoma. Oncogene 2002; 21: 2926–2937, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Iizuka N, Oka M, Yamada-Okabe H, Hamada K, Nakayama H, Mori N, Tamesa T, Okada T, Takemoto N, Matoba K, Takashima M, Sakamoto K, Tangoku A, Miyamoto T, Uchimura S, Hamamoto Y. Molecular signature in three types of hepatocellular carcinoma with different viral origin by oligonucleotide microarray. Int J Oncol 2004; 24: 565–574, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Zhao W, Wan J M, Liu W, Liu Q J, Zhang L, Zhou Z X, Liu X J, Zhang H R. Hepatitis gene chip in detecting HBV DNA, HCV RNA in serum and liver tissue samples of hepatitis patients. Hepatobiliary Pancreat Dis Int 2003; 2: 234–241, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Iizuka N, Oka M, Yamada-Okabe H, Mori N, Tamesa T, Okada T, Takemoto N, Hashimoto K, Tangoku A, Hamada K, Nakayama H, Miyamoto T, Uchimura S, Hamamoto Y. Differential gene expression in distinct virologic types of hepatocellular carcinoma: association with liver cirrhosis. Oncogene 2003; 22: 3007–3014, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Okabe H, Satoh S, Kato T, Kitahara O, Yanagawa R, Yamaoka Y, Tsunoda T, Furukawa Y, Nakamura Y. Genome-wide analysis of gene expression in human hepatocellular carcinomas using cDNA microarray: identification of genes involved in viral carcinogenesis and tumor progression. Cancer Res 2001; 61: 2129–2137, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Kajiya Y, Hamasaki K, Nakata K, Miyazoe S, Takeda Y, Higashi S, Ohkubo K, Ichikawa T, Nakao K, Kato Y, Eguchi K. A long-term follow-up analysis of serial core promoter and precore sequences in Japanese patients chronically infected by hepatitis B virus. Dig Dis Sci 2001; 46: 509–515, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Kubo S, Hirohashi K, Tanaka H, Tsukamoto T, Shuto T, Yamamoto T, Ikebe T, Wakasa K, Nishiguchi S, Kinoshita H. Effect of viral status on recurrence after liver resection for patients with hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer 2000; 88: 1016–1024, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Kubo S, Hirohashi K, Tanaka H, Tsukamoto T, Shuto T, Higaki I, Takemura S, Yamamoto T, Nishiguchi S, Kinoshita H. Virologic and biochemical changes and prognosis after liver resection for hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Dig Surg 2001; 18: 26–33, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Ikeda K, Arase Y, Kobayashi M, Someya T, Saitoh S, Suzuki Y, Suzuki F, Tsubota A, Akuta N, Kumada H. Consistently low hepatitis B virus DNA saves patients from hepatocellular carcinogenesis in HBV-related cirrhosis. A nested case-control study using 96 untreated patients. Intervirology 2003; 46: 96–104, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Ohkubo K, Kato Y, Ichikawa T, Kajiya Y, Takeda Y, Higashi S, Hamasaki K, Nakao K, Nakata K, Eguchi K. Viral load is a significant prognostic factor for hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer 2002; 94: 2663–2668, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Chang M H, Chen C J, Lai M S, Hsu H M, Wu T C, Kong M S, Liang D C, Shau W Y, Chen D S. Universal hepatitis B vaccination in Taiwan and the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma in children. Taiwan Childhood Hepatoma Study Group. N Engl J Med 1997; 336: 1855–1859, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Mayor S. Liver cancer in Taiwan falls after universal hepatitis B vaccination. BMJ 1997; 315: 7, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Lok A S. Prevention of hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma. Gastroenterology 2004; 127(5)S303–S309, Suppl 1[PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Straley S D, Terrault N A. Chronic hepatitis B. Curr Treat Options Gastroenterol 2004; 7: 477–489, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Wong D K, Cheung A M, O'Rourke K, Naylor C D, Detsky A S, Heathcote J. Effect of α -interferon treatment in patients with hepatitis B e antigen-positive chronic hepatitis B. A meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med 1993; 119: 312–323, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Lai C L, Chien R N, Leung N W, Chang T T, Guan R, Tai D I, Ng K Y, Wu P C, Dent J C, Barber J, Stephenson S L, Gray D F. A one-year trial of lamivudine for chronic hepatitis B. Asia Hepatitis Lamivudine Study Group. N Engl J Med 1998; 339: 61–68, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Marcellin P, Chang T T, Lim S G, Tong M J, Sievert W, Shiffman M L, Jeffers L, Goodman Z, Wulfsohn M S, Xiong S, Fry J, Brosgart C L. Adefovir dipivoxil for the treatment of hepatitis B e antigen-positive chronic hepatitis B. N Engl J Med 2003; 348: 808–816, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Liaw Y F, Sung J J, Chow W C, Farrell G, Lee C Z, Yuen H, Tanwandee T, Tao Q M, Shue K, Keene O N, Dixon J S, Gray D F, Sabbat J. Lamivudine for patients with chronic hepatitis B and advanced liver disease. N Engl J Med 2004; 351: 1521–1531, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Lai C L, Ratziu V, Yuen M F, Poynard T. Viral hepatitis B. Lancet 2003; 362: 2089–2094, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Hadziyannis S J, Papatheodoridis G V. Adefovir dipivoxil in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B virus infection. Expert Rev Anti Infect Ther 2004; 2: 475–483, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Chan H L, Hui A Y, Wong V W, Chim A M, Wong M L, Sung J J. Long-term follow-up of peginterferon and lamivudine combination treatment in HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B. Hepatology 2005; 41: 1357–1364, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]
- Chan H L, Leung N W, Hui A Y, Wong V W, Liew C T, Chim A M, Chan F K, Hung L C, Lee Y T, Tam J S, Lam C W, Sung J J. A randomized, controlled trial of combination therapy for chronic hepatitis B: Comparing pegylated interferon-α 2b and lamivudine with lamivudine alone. Ann Intern Med 2005; 142: 240–250, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA]
- Yuen M F, Lai C L. Serological markers of liver cancer. Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2005; 19: 91–99, [PUBMED], [INFOTRIEVE], [CSA], [CROSSREF]