947
Views
17
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review

Effect of pre-harvest and post-harvest conditions on the fruit allergenicity: A review

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon &

References

  • Aalberse, R., and R. Crameri. 2011. IgE‐binding epitopes: A reappraisal. Allergy 66:1261–1274. doi:10.1111/j.1398-9995.2011.02656.x.
  • Aalberse, R., and R. Van Ree. 1997. Crossreactive carbohydrate determinants. Clin. Rev. Allergy. Immunol 15:375–387. doi:10.1007/BF02737733.
  • Ahrazem, O., L. Jimeno, G. López-Torrejón, M. Herrero, J. L. Espada, R. Sánchez-Monge, O. Duffort, D. Barber, and G. Salcedo 2007. Assessing allergen levels in peach and nectarine cultivars. Ann. Allergy, Asthma Immunol. 99:42–47. doi:10.1016/S1081-1206(10)60619-9.
  • Andersen, M.-B. S., S. Hall, and L. O. Dragsted. 2011. Identification of European allergy patterns to the allergen families PR-10, LTP, and profilin from Rosaceae fruits. Clin. Rev. Allergy. Immunol 41:4–19. doi:10.1007/s12016-009-8177-3.
  • Asam, C., H. Hofer, M. Wolf, L. Aglas, and M. Wallner. 2015. Tree pollen allergens-an update from a molecular perspective. Allergy 70:1201–1211. doi:10.1111/all.12696.
  • Asero, R., G. Mistrello, D. Roncarolo, S. Amato, and P. Falagiani. 2003. Analysis of the heat stability of lipid transfer protein from apple. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol 112:1009–1011. doi:10.1016/S0091-6749(03)02006-2.
  • Asero, R., R. Monsalve, and D. Barber. 2008. Profilin sensitization detected in the office by skin prick test: a study of prevalence and clinical relevance of profilin as a plant food allergen. Clin. Exp. Allergy 38:1033–1037. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2222.2008.02980.x.
  • Baössler, O. Y., J. Weiss, S. Wienkoop, K. Lehmann, C. Scheler, S. Dölle, D. Schwarz, P. Franken, E. George, and M. Worm. 2009. Evidence for novel tomato seed allergens: IgE-reactive legumin and vicilin proteins identified by multidimensional protein fractionation-mass spectrometry and in silico epitope modeling. J. Proteome Res 8:1111–1122. doi:10.1021/pr800186d.
  • Battino, M., J. Beekwilder, B. Denoyes‐Rothan, M. Laimer, G. J. McDougall, and B. Mezzetti. 2009. Bioactive compounds in berries relevant to human health. Nutr. Rev 67:S145–S150. doi:10.1111/j.1753-4887.2009.00178.x.
  • Bianco, L., L. Lopez, A. G. Scalone, M. Di Carli, A. Desiderio, E. Benvenuto, and G. Perrotta. 2009. Strawberry proteome characterization and its regulation during fruit ripening and in different genotypes. J. Proteomics 72:586–607. doi:10.1016/j.jprot.2008.11.019.
  • Bolhaar, S. T., W. E. van de Weg, R. van Ree, E. Gonzalez-Mancebo, L. Zuidmeer, C. A. Bruijnzeel-Koomen, M. Fernandez-Rivas, J. Jansen, K. Hoffmann-Sommergruber, and A. C. Knulst. 2005. In vivo assessment with prick-to-prick testing and double-blind, placebo-controlled food challenge of allergenicity of apple cultivars. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol 116:1080–1086. doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2005.07.004.
  • Borges, J.-P., A. Barre, R. Culerrier, C. Granier, A. Didier, and P. Rougé. 2008. Lipid transfer proteins from rosaceae fruits share consensus epitopes responsible for their IgE-binding cross-reactivity. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun 365:685–690. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.11.046.
  • Borges, J.-P., A. Jauneau, C. Brule, R. Culerrier, A. Barre, A. Didier, and P. Rougé. 2006. The lipid transfer proteins (LTP) essentially concentrate in the skin of Rosaceae fruits as cell surface exposed allergens. Plant Physiol. Biochem 44:535–542. doi:10.1016/j.plaphy.2006.09.018.
  • Botton, A., P. Lezzer, A. Dorigoni, G. Barcaccia, B. Ruperti, and A. Ramina. 2008. Genetic and environmental factors affecting allergen-related gene expression in apple fruit (Malus domestica L. Borkh). J. Agric. Food Chem 56:6707–6716. doi:10.1021/jf800813d.
  • Breiteneder, H. 2004. Thaumatin‐like proteins–a new family of pollen and fruit allergens. Allergy 59:479–481. doi:10.1046/j.1398-9995.2003.00421.x.
  • Breiteneder, H., and C. Ebner. 2000. Molecular and biochemical classification of plant-derived food allergens. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol 106:27–36. doi:10.1067/mai.2000.106929.
  • Brenna, O., C. Pompei, C. Ortolani, V. Pravettoni, E. A. Pastorello, and L. Farioli. 2000. Technological processes to decrease the allergenicity of peach juice and nectar. J. Agric. Food Chem 48:493–497. doi:10.1021/jf9906681.
  • Brenna, O. V., E. A. Pastorello, L. Farioli, V. Pravettoni, and C. Pompei. 2004. Presence of allergenic proteins in different peach (Prunus persica) cultivars and dependence of their content on fruit ripening. J. Agric. Food Chem 52:7997–8000. doi:10.1021/jf0491052.
  • Bron, I. U., and A. P. Jacomino. 2006. Ripening and quality of'Golden'papaya fruit harvested at different maturity stages. Braz. J. Plant Physiol 18:389–396. doi:10.1590/S1677-04202006000300005.
  • Buchanan, B. B. 2001. Genetic engineering and the allergy issue. Plant Physiol 126:5–7. doi:10.1104/pp.126.1.5.
  • Calvert, M. L., I. Robertson, and H. Samaratunga. 1996. Mango dermatitis: Allergic contact dermatitis to mangifera indica. Australas. J. Dermatol 37:59–60. doi:10.1111/j.1440-0960.1996.tb01000.x.
  • Capurro, N., and R. Levi. 1975. The heart as a target organ in systemic allergic reactions: Comparison of cardiac analphylaxis in vivo and in vitro. Circ. Res 36:520–528. doi:10.1161/01.RES.36.4.520.
  • Carnés, J., E. Fernández‐Caldas, M. Gallego, A. Ferrer, and J. Cuesta‐Herranz. 2002. Pru p 3 (LTP) content in peach extracts. Allergy 57:1071–1075. doi:10.1034/j.1398-9995.2002.23732.x.
  • Carnés, J., A. Ferrer, and E. Fernández-Caldas. 2006. Allergenicity of 10 different apple varieties. Ann. Allergy, Asthma Immunol 96:564–570. doi:10.1016/S1081-1206(10)63551-X.
  • Chafen, J. J. S., S. J. Newberry, M. A. Riedl, D. M. Bravata, M. Maglione, M. J. Suttorp, V. Sundaram, N. M. Paige, A. Towfigh, and B. J. Hulley. 2010. Diagnosing and managing common food allergies: A systematic review. Jama 303:1848–1856. doi:10.1001/jama.2010.582.
  • Clendennen, S. K., and G. D. May. 1997. Differential gene expression in ripening banana fruit. Plant Physiol 115:463–469. doi:10.1104/pp.115.2.463.
  • Commins, S. P., and T. A. Platts-Mills. 2010. Allergenicity of carbohydrates and their role in anaphylactic events. Curr. Allergy Asthma Rep 10:29–33. doi:10.1007/s11882-009-0079-1.
  • Connor, A. M., J. J. Luby, J. F. Hancock, S. Berkheimer, and E. J. Hanson. 2002. Changes in fruit antioxidant activity among blueberry cultivars during cold-temperature storage. J. Agric. Food Chem 50:893–898. doi:10.1021/jf011212y.
  • Crespo, J. F., M. Retzek, K. Foetisch, E. Sierra‐Maestro, A. B. Cid‐Sanchez, C. Y. Pascual, A. Conti, A. Feliu, J. Rodriguez, and S. Vieths. 2006. Germin‐like protein Cit s 1 and profilin Cit s 2 are major allergens in orange (Citrus sinensis) fruits. Mol. Nutr. Food Res 50:282–290. doi:10.1002/mnfr.200500200.
  • Cuesta-Herranz, J., D. Barber, C. Blanco, A. Cistero-Bahíma, J. F. Crespo, M. Fernández-Rivas, J. Fernández-Sánchez, J. F. Florido, M. D. Ibáñez, and R. Rodríguez. 2010. Differences among pollen-allergic patients with and without plant food allergy. Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol 153:182–192. doi:10.1159/000312636.
  • Dölle, S., K. Lehmann, D. Schwarz, W. Weckwert, C. Scheler, E. George, P. Franken, and M. Worm. 2011. Allergenic activity of different tomato cultivars in tomato allergic subjects. Clin. Exp. Allergy 41:1643–1652. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2222.2011.03841.x.
  • Domis, M., A. Papadopoulos, and A. Gosselin. 2002. Greenhouse tomato fruit quality. Horticult. Rev 26:239–349.
  • Dorais, M., D. L. Ehret, and A. P. Papadopoulos. 2008. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) health components: From the seed to the consumer. Phytochem. Rev 7:231. doi:10.1007/s11101-007-9085-x.
  • Douliez, J.-P., T. Michon, K. Elmorjani, and D. Marion. 2000. Mini review: Structure, biological and technological functions of lipid transfer proteins and indolines, the major lipid binding proteins from cereal kernels. J. Cereal Sci 32:1–20. doi:10.1006/jcrs.2000.0315.
  • Dreborg, S., and T. Foucard. 1983. Allergy to apple, carrot and potato in children with birch pollen allergy. Allergy 38:167–172. doi:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1983.tb01602.x.
  • Ebner, C., T. Birkner, R. Valenta, H. Rumpold, M. Breitenbach, O. Scheiner, and D. Kraft. 1991. Common epitopes of birch pollen and apples-studies by western and northern blot. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol 88:588–594. doi:10.1016/0091-6749(91)90152-E.
  • Ebner, C., R. Hirschwehr, L. Bauer, H. Breiteneder, R. Valenta, H. Ebner, D. Kraft, and O. Scheiner. 1995. Identification of allergens in fruits and vegetables: IgE cross-reactivities with the important birch pollen allergens Bet v 1 and Bet v 2 (birch profilin). J. Allergy Clin. Immunol 95:962–969. doi:10.1016/S0091-6749(95)70096-X.
  • Ebner, C., K. Hoffmann‐Sommergruber, and H. Breiteneder. 2001. Plant food allergens homologous to pathogenesis-related proteins. Allergy 56:43–44. doi:10.1034/j.1398-9995.2001.00913.x.
  • Fermín, G., R. C. Keith, J. Y. Suzuki, S. A. Ferreira, D. A. Gaskill, K. Y. Pitz, R. M. Manshardt, D. Gonsalves, and S. Tripathi. 2011. Allergenicity assessment of the papaya ringspot virus coat protein expressed in transgenic rainbow papaya. J. Agric. Food Chem 59:10006–10012. doi:10.1021/jf201194r.
  • Fernández-Rivas, M., S. Bolhaar, E. González-Mancebo, R. Asero, A. van Leeuwen, B. Bohle, Y. Ma, C. Ebner, N. Rigby, and A. I. Sancho. 2006. Apple allergy across Europe: how allergen sensitization profiles determine the clinical expression of allergies to plant foods. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol 118:481–488. doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2006.05.012.
  • Fernandez-Rivas, M., and M. Cuevas. 1999. Peels of Rosaceae fruits have a higher allergenicity than pulps. Clin. Exp. Allergy 29:1239–1247. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2222.1999.00628.x.
  • Fiocchi, A., P. Restani, L. Bernardo, A. Martelli, C. Ballabio, E. D'auria, and E. Riva. 2004. Tolerance of heat‐treated kiwi by children with kiwifruit allergy. Pediatr. Allergy Immunol 15:454–458. doi:10.1111/j.1399-3038.2004.00186.x.
  • Franz-Oberdorf, K., B. Eberlein, K. Edelmann, S. Huöcherig, F. Besbes, U. Darsow, J. Ring, and W. Schwab. 2016. Fra a 1.02 is the most potent isoform of the Bet v 1-like allergen in strawberry fruit. J. Agric. Food Chem 64:3688–3696. doi:10.1021/acs.jafc.6b00488.
  • Frizzi, A., S. Huang, L. A. Gilbertson, T. A. Armstrong, M. H. Luethy, and T. M. Malvar. 2008. Modifying lysine biosynthesis and catabolism in corn with a single bifunctional expression/silencing transgene cassette. Plant Biotechnol. J 6:13–21.
  • Gall, H., K.-J. Kalveram, G. Forck, and W. Sterry. 1994. Kiwi fruit allergy: A new birch pollen–associated food allergy. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol 94:70–76. doi:10.1016/0091-6749(94)90073-6.
  • García-Casado, G., L. F. Pacios, A. Díaz-Perales, R. Sánchez-Monge, M. Lombardero, F. J. García-Selles, F. Polo, D. Barber, and G. Salcedo. 2003. Identification of IgE-binding epitopes of the major peach allergen Pru p 3. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol 112:599–605. doi:10.1016/S0091-6749(03)01605-1.
  • George, A., and R. Nissen. 1992. Effects of water stress, nitrogen and paclobutrazol on flowering, yield and fruit quality of the low-chill peach cultivar,‘Flordaprince’. Sci.Hort 49:197–209. doi:10.1016/0304-4238(92)90157-8.
  • Geroldinger-Simic, M., T. Zelniker, W. Aberer, C. Ebner, C. Egger, A. Greiderer, N. Prem, J. Lidholm, B. K. Ballmer-Weber, and S. Vieths. 2011. Birch pollen–related food allergy: Clinical aspects and the role of allergen-specific IgE and IgG 4 antibodies. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol 127:616–622. e611. doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2010.10.027.
  • Golding, J. B., J. H. Ekman, and W. B. McGlasson. 2005. Regulation of fruit ripening.
  • Heinzerling, L., A. Mari, K.-C. Bergmann, M. Bresciani, G. Burbach, U. Darsow, S. Durham, W. Fokkens, M. Gjomarkaj, and T. Haahtela. 2013. The skin prick test-European standards. Clin. Transl. Allergy 3:3. doi:10.1186/2045-7022-3-3.
  • Hensen, S. M., M. Derksen, and G. J. Pruijn. 2014. Multiplex peptide-based B cell epitope mapping. Methods Mol. Biol 1184:295–308. doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-1115-8_16.
  • Hoffmann-Sommergruber, K. 2002. Pathogenesis-related (PR)-proteins identified as allergens. Biochem. Soc. Trans 6:930–935. doi:10.1042/bst0300930.
  • Hofmann, A., and A. W. Burks. 2008. Pollen food syndrome: Update on the allergens. Curr. Allergy Asthma Rep 8:413–417. doi:10.1007/s11882-008-0080-0.
  • Hsieh, L.-S., M. Moos, and Y. Lin. 1995. Characterization of apple 18 and 31 kd allergens by microsequencing and evaluation of their content during storage and ripening. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol 96:960–970. doi:10.1016/S0091-6749(95)70234-2.
  • Huang, H. W., C. P. Hsu, B. B. Yang, and C. Y. Wang. 2014. Potential utility of high‐pressure processing to address the risk of food allergen concerns. Compr. Rev. Food Cci. Food Saf 13:78–90. doi:10.1111/1541-4337.12045.
  • Hussey, P. J., T. Ketelaar, and M. J. Deeks. 2006. Control of the actin cytoskeleton in plant cell growth. Annu. Rev. Plant Biol 57:109–125. doi:10.1146/annurev.arplant.57.032905.105206.
  • Jerne, N. K. 1960. Immunological speculations. Annu. Rev. Microbiol 14:341–358. doi:10.1146/annurev.mi.14.100160.002013.
  • Kader, A. A. 1997. Fruit maturity, ripening, and quality relationships. Acta Hort 485:203–208.
  • Kader, J.-C. 1996. Lipid-transfer proteins in plants. Annu. Rev. Plant Biol 47:627–654. doi:10.1146/annurev.arplant.47.1.627.
  • Kanny, G., D.-A. Moneret-Vautrin, J. Flabbee, E. Beaudouin, M. Morisset, and F. Thevenin. 2001. Population study of food allergy in france. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol 108:133–140. doi:10.1067/mai.2001.116427.
  • Karamloo, F., S. Scheurer, A. Wangorsch, S. May, D. Haustein, and S. Vieths. 2001. Pyr c 1, the major allergen from pear (Pyrus communis), is a new member of the Bet v 1 allergen family. J. Chromatogr. B Biomed. Sci. Appl 756:281–293. doi:10.1016/S0378-4347(01)00087-1.
  • Kerkhof, M., J. Droste, J. D. Monchy, J. Schouten, and B. Rijcken. 1996. Distribution of total serum IgE and specific IgE to common aeroallergens by sex and age, and their relationship to each other in a random sample of the Dutch general population aged 20–70 years. Allergy 51:770–776.
  • Kerzl, R., A. Simonowa, J. Ring, M. Ollert, and M. Mempel. 2007. Life-threatening anaphylaxis to kiwi fruit: Protective sublingual allergen immunotherapy effect persists even after discontinuation. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol 119:507–508. doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2006.09.041.
  • Klockenbring, T., C. Bez, B. Klowat, N. Liappis, U. Köpke, G. Noga, S. Zielen, and R. Goerlich. 2001. Allergenic potential of apple cultivars from organic and integrated fruit production. Allergy Suppl 68:889.
  • Knödler, M., K. Reisenhauer, A. Schieber, and R. Carle. 2009. Quantitative determination of allergenic 5-alk (en) ylresorcinols in mango (Mangifera indica L.) peel, pulp, and fruit products by high-performance liquid chromatography. J. Agric. Food Chem 57:3639–3644. doi:10.1021/jf803934p.
  • Krebitz, M., B. Wagner, F. Ferreira, C. Peterbauer, N. Campillo, M. Witty, D. Kolarich, H. Steinkellner, O. Scheiner, and H. Breiteneder. 2003. Plant-based heterologous expression of Mal d 2, a thaumatin-like protein and allergen of apple (Malus domestica), and its characterization as an antifungal protein. J. Mol. Biol 329:721–730. doi:10.1016/S0022-2836(03)00403-0.
  • Kumar, S., A. K. Verma, M. Das, and P. D. Dwivedi. 2012. Molecular mechanisms of IgE mediated food allergy. Int. Immunopharmacol 13:432–439. doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2012.05.018.
  • Lahti, A., and M. Hannuksela. 1978. Hypersensitivity to apple and carrot can be reliably detected with fresh material. Allergy 33:143–146. doi:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1978.tb01524.x.
  • Laimer, M., and F. Maghuly. 2010. Awareness and knowledge of allergens: A need and a challenge to assure a safe and healthy consumption of small fruits. J. Berry Res 1:61–71.
  • Larramendi, C., A. Ferrer, A. Huertas, J. García‐Abujeta, C. Andreu, R. Tella, M. Cerdà, J. Bartra, J. Lavín, and J. Pagán. 2008. Sensitization to tomato peel and pulp extracts in the Mediterranean Coast of Spain: Prevalence and co‐sensitization with aeroallergens. Clin. Exp. Allergy 38:169–177.
  • Lauer, I., M. Miguel‐Moncin, T. Abel, K. Foetisch, C. Hartz, D. Fortunato, A. Cistero‐Bahima, S. Vieths, and S. Scheurer. 2007. Identification of a plane pollen lipid transfer protein (Pla a 3) and its immunological relation to the peach lipid‐transfer protein, Pru p 3. Clin. Exp. Allergy 37:261–269. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2222.2007.02653.x.
  • Lee, S.-Y. 2013. IgE mediated food allergy in Korean children: Focused on plant food allergy. Asia Pac. Allergy 3:15. doi:10.5415/apallergy.2013.3.1.15.
  • Li, H., M. Chehade, W. Liu, H. Xiong, L. Mayer, and M. C. Berin. 2007. Allergen-IgE complexes trigger CD23-dependent CCL20 release from human intestinal epithelial cells. Gastroenterol 133:1905–1915. doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2007.09.024.
  • Li, H., J. Yu, M. Ahmedna, and I. Goktepe. 2013. Reduction of major peanut allergens Ara h 1 and Ara h 2, in roasted peanuts by ultrasound assisted enzymatic treatment. Food Chem 141:762–768. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.03.049.
  • Lindorff-Larsen, K., and J. R. Winther. 2001. Surprisingly high stability of barley lipid transfer protein, LTP1, towards denaturant, heat and proteases. FEBS Lett 488:145–148. doi:10.1016/S0014-5793(00)02424-8.
  • Liu, J.-J., and A. K. Ekramoddoullah. 2006. The family 10 of plant pathogenesis-related proteins: Their structure, regulation, and function in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol 68:3–13. doi:10.1016/j.pmpp.2006.06.004.
  • López-Matas, M. Á., C. H. Larramendi, Á. Ferrer, Á. J. Huertas, J. A. Pagán, J. L. García-Abujeta, J. Bartra, C. Andreu, J. R. Lavín, and J. Carnés. 2011. Identification and quantification of tomato allergens: In vitro characterization of six different varieties. Ann. Allergy, Asthma Immunol 106:230–238. doi:10.1016/j.anai.2010.11.022.
  • Lucas, J., K. Grimshaw, K. Collins, J. Warner, and J. B. Hourihane. 2004. Kiwi fruit is a significant allergen and is associated with differing patterns of reactivity in children and adults. Clin. Exp. Allergy 34:1115–1121. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2222.2004.01982.x.
  • Lucas, J., N. Nieuwenhuizen, R. Atkinson, E. Macrae, S. Cochrane, J. Warner, and J. B. Hourihane. 2007. Kiwifruit allergy: actinidin is not a major allergen in the United Kingdom. Clin. Exp. Allergy 37:1340–1348. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2222.2007.02776.x.
  • Mancuso, G., and R. Berdondini. 2001. Oral allergy syndrome from kiwi fruit after a lover's kiss. Contact Derm 45:41–41. doi:10.1034/j.1600-0536.2001.045001041.x.
  • Mari, A., B. K. Ballmer-Weber, and S. Vieths. 2005. The oral allergy syndrome: Improved diagnostic and treatment methods. Curr. Opin. Allergy Clin. Immunol 5:267–273. doi:10.1097/01.all.0000168793.27948.b0.
  • Marzban, G., H. Puehringer, R. Dey, S. Brynda, Y. Ma, A. Martinelli, M. Zaccarini, E. van der Weg, Z. Housley, and D. Kolarich. 2005. Localisation and distribution of the major allergens in apple fruits. Plant Sci 169:387–394. doi:10.1016/j.plantsci.2005.03.027.
  • Matsuo, H., T. Yokooji, and T. Taogoshi. 2015. Common food allergens and their IgE-binding epitopes. Allergol. Int 64:332–343. doi:10.1016/j.alit.2015.06.009.
  • Matthes, A., and M. Schmitz-Eiberger. 2009. Apple (Malus domestica L. Borkh.) allergen Mal d 1: effect of cultivar, cultivation system, and storage conditions. J. Agric. Food Chem 57:10548–10553. doi:10.1021/jf901938q.
  • Mauro, M., M. Russello, C. Incorvaia, G. Gazzola, F. Frati, P. Moingeon, and G. Passalacqua. 2011. Birch-apple syndrome treated with birch pollen immunotherapy. Int. Arch. Allergy Immunol 156:416–422. doi:10.1159/000323909.
  • Möller, M., M. Kayma, D. Vieluf, A. Paschke, and H. Steinhart. 1998. Determination and characterization of cross‐reacting allergens in latex, avocado, banana, and kiwi fruit. Allergy 53:289–296. doi:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1998.tb03889.x.
  • Moore, L. E., and P. H. Stewart. 2017. Food Allergy: What we know now. Am. J. Med. Sci 353:353–366. doi:10.1016/j.amjms.2016.11.014.
  • Moose, S. P., and R. H. Mumm. 2008. Molecular plant breeding as the foundation for 21st century crop improvement. Plant Physiol 147:969–977. doi:10.1104/pp.108.118232.
  • Morelli, A. E., A. T. Larregina, W. J. Shufesky, M. L. Sullivan, D. B. Stolz, G. D. Papworth, A. F. Zahorchak, A. J. Logar, Z. Wang, and S. C. Watkins. 2004. Endocytosis, intracellular sorting, and processing of exosomes by dendritic cells. Blood 104:3257–3266. doi:10.1182/blood-2004-03-0824.
  • Moretti, C., L. Mattos, A. Calbo, and S. Sargent. 2010. Climate changes and potential impacts on postharvest quality of fruit and vegetable crops: A review. Food Res. Int 43:1824–1832. doi:10.1016/j.foodres.2009.10.013.
  • Muñoz, C., T. Hoffmann, N. M. Escobar, F. Ludemann, M. A. Botella, V. Valpuesta, and W. Schwab. 2010. The strawberry fruit Fra a allergen functions in flavonoid biosynthesis. Mol. Plant 3:113–124. doi:10.1093/mp/ssp087.
  • Neudecker, P., K. Lehmann, J. Nerkamp, T. Haase, A. Wangorsch, K. Fötisch, S. Hoffmann, P. Rösch, S. Vieths, and S. Scheurer. 2003. Mutational epitope analysis of Pru av 1 and Api g 1, the major allergens of cherry (Prunus avium) and celery (Apium graveolens): Correlating IgE reactivity with three-dimensional structure. Biochem. J 376:97–107. doi:10.1042/bj20031057.
  • Nielsen, T., and A. Leufvén. 2008. The effect of modified atmosphere packaging on the quality of Honeoye and Korona strawberries. Food Chem 107:1053–1063. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2007.09.025.
  • Nieuwland, J., R. Feron, B. A. Huisman, A. Fasolino, C. W. Hilbers, J. Derksen, and C. Mariani. 2005. Lipid transfer proteins enhance cell wall extension in tobacco. Plant Cell 17:2009–2019. doi:10.1105/tpc.105.032094.
  • Novembre, E., R. Bernardini, G. Bertini, G. Massai, and A. Vierucci. 1995. Skin‐prick‐test‐induced anaphylaxis. Allergy 50:511–513. doi:10.1111/j.1398-9995.1995.tb01187.x.
  • Oberhuber, C., S. M. Bulley, B. K. Ballmer‐Weber, M. Bublin, S. Gaier, Å. M. DeWitt, P. Briza, G. Hofstetter, J. Lidholm, and S. Vieths. 2008. Characterization of Bet v 1‐related allergens from kiwifruit relevant for patients with combined kiwifruit and birch pollen allergy. Mol. Nutr. Food Res 52.
  • Ortolani, C., M. Ispano, E. Pastorello, A. Bigi, and R. Ansaloni. 1988. The oral allergy syndrome. Ann. Allergy 61:47–52.
  • Palosuo, T., H. Alenius, and K. Turjanmaa. 2002. Quantitation of latex allergens. Methods 27:52–58. doi:10.1016/S1046-2023(02)00051-8.
  • Paschke, A., H. Kinder, K. Zunker, M. Wigotzki, H. Steinhart, R. Wessbecher, and I. Vieluf. 2001. Characterization of cross‐reacting allergens in mango fruit. Allergy 56:237–242. doi:10.1034/j.1398-9995.2001.056003237.x.
  • Pastorello, E. A., L. Farioli, V. Pravettoni, C. Ortolani, D. Fortunato, M. G. Giuffrida, L. P. Garoffo, A. M. Calamari, O. Brenna, and A. Conti. 2003. Identification of grape and wine allergens as an endochitinase 4, a lipid-transfer protein, and a thaumatin. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol 111:350–359. doi:10.1067/mai.2003.35.
  • Patel, B. Y., and G. W. Volcheck. 2015. Food allergy: common causes, diagnosis, and treatment. Mayo Clin. Proc 90:1411–1419. doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2015.07.012.
  • Poley, G. E., and J. E. Slater. 2000. Latex allergy. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol 105:1054–1062. doi:10.1067/mai.2000.106925.
  • Pravettoni, V., L. Primavesi, L. Farioli, O. V. Brenna, C. Pompei, A. Conti, J. Scibilia, M. Piantanida, A. Mascheri, and E. A. Pastorello. 2009. Tomato allergy: Detection of IgE-binding lipid transfer proteins in tomato derivatives and in fresh tomato peel, pulp, and seeds. J. Agric. Food Chem 57:10749–10754. doi:10.1021/jf9022367.
  • Rance, F., X. Grandmottet, and H. Grandjean. 2005. Prevalence and main characteristics of schoolchildren diagnosed withfood allergies in France. Clin. Exp. Allergy 35:167–172. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2222.2005.02162.x.
  • Reid, M. J., R. F. Lockey, P. C. Turkeltaub, and T. A. Platts-Mills. 1993. Survey of fatalities from skin testing and immunotherapy 1985–1989. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol 92:6–15. doi:10.1016/0091-6749(93)90030-J.
  • Rodoni, L., N. Casadei, A. Concellón, A. R. Chaves Alicia, and A. R. Vicente. 2009. Effect of short-term ozone treatments on tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) fruit quality and cell wall degradation. J. Agric. Food Chem 58:594–599. doi:10.1021/jf9029145.
  • Salcedo, G., R. Sanchez-Monge, D. Barber, and A. Diaz-Perales. 2007. Plant non-specific lipid transfer proteins: An interface between plant defence and human allergy. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, Mol. Cell. Biol. Lipids 1771:781–791. doi:10.1016/j.bbalip.2007.01.001.
  • Salzman, R. A., I. Tikhonova, B. P. Bordelon, P. M. Hasegawa, and R. A. Bressan. 1998. Coordinate accumulation of antifungal proteins and hexoses constitutes a developmentally controlled defense response during fruit ripening in grape. Plant Physiol 117:465–472. doi:10.1104/pp.117.2.465.
  • Sánchez-Monge, R., M. Lombardero, F. J. García-Sellés, D. Barber, and G. Salcedo. 1999. Lipid-transfer proteins are relevant allergens in fruit allergy. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol 103:514–519. doi:10.1016/S0091-6749(99)70479-3.
  • Sancho, A. I., R. Foxall, T. Browne, R. Dey, L. Zuidmeer, G. Marzban, K. W. Waldron, R. Van Ree, K. Hoffmann-Sommergruber, and M. Laimer. 2006a. Effect of postharvest storage on the expression of the apple allergen Mal d 1. J. Agric. Food Chem 54:5917–5923. doi:10.1021/jf060880m.
  • Sancho, A. I., R. Foxall, N. M. Rigby, T. Browne, L. Zuidmeer, R. van Ree, K. W. Waldron, and E. C. Mills. 2006b. Maturity and storage influence on the apple (Malus domestica) allergen Mal d 3, a nonspecific lipid transfer protein. J. Agric. Food Chem 54:5098–5104. doi:10.1021/jf0530446.
  • Sharma, P., S. N. Gaur, and N. Arora. 2013. In silico identification of IgE-binding epitopes of osmotin protein. PLoS ONE 8:e54755. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0054755.
  • Schein, C. H., O. Ivanciuc, and W. Braun. 2007. Bioinformatics approaches to classifying allergens and predicting cross-reactivity. Immunol. Allergy Clin. North Am 27:1–27. doi:10.1016/j.iac.2006.11.005.
  • Scheurer, S., K. Metzner, D. Haustein, and S. Vieths. 1997. Molecular cloning, expression and characterization of Pru a 1, the major cherry allergen. Mol. Immunol 34:619–629. doi:10.1016/S0161-5890(97)00072-2.
  • Schmitz-Eiberger, M., and A. Matthes. 2011. Effect of harvest maturity, duration of storage and shelf life of apples on the allergen Mal d 1, polyphenoloxidase activity and polyphenol content. Food Chem 127:1459–1464. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.01.101.
  • Selitrennikoff, C. P. 2001. Antifungal proteins. Appl. Environ. Microbiol 67:2883–2894. doi:10.1128/AEM.67.7.2883-2894.2001.
  • Shewry, P. R., A. S. Tatham, and N. G. Halford. 2001. Genetic modification and plant food allergens: risks and benefits. J. Chromatogr. B Biomed. Sci. Appl 756:327–335. doi:10.1016/S0378-4347(01)00093-7.
  • Sicherer, S. H. 2000. Determinants of systemic manifestations of food allergy. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol 106:S251–S257. doi:10.1067/mai.2000.110158.
  • Sicherer, S. H. 2001. Clinical implications of cross-reactive food allergens. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol 108:881–890. doi:10.1067/mai.2001.118515.
  • Sicherer, S. H. 2002. Food allergy. Lancet 360:701–710. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(02)09831-8.
  • Sicherer, S. H., and H. A. Sampson. 2010. Food allergy. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol 125:S116–S125. doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2009.08.028.
  • Sicherer, S. H., and H. A. Sampson. 2014. Food allergy: Epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment. J. Allergy Clin. Immunol 133:291–307. e295. doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2013.11.020.
  • Singh, A., S. K. Vanga, G. R. Nair, Y. Gariepy, V. Orsat, and V. Raghavan. 2015. Electrohydrodynamic drying (EHD) of wheat and its effect on wheat protein conformation. LWT-Food Sci. Technol 64:750–758. doi:10.1016/j.lwt.2015.06.051.
  • Sohn, R. H., J. Chen, K. S. Koblan, P. F. Bray, and P. J. Goldschmidt-Clermont. 1995. Localization of a binding site for phosphatidylinositol 4, 5-bisphosphate on human profilin. J. Biol. Chem 270:21114–21120. doi:10.1074/jbc.270.36.21114.
  • Son, D., S. Scheurer, A. Hoffmann, D. Haustein, and S. Vieths. 1999. Pollen-related food allergy: Cloning and immunological analysis of isoforms and mutants of Mal d 1, the major apple allergen, and Bet v 1, the major birch pollen allergen. Eur. J. Nutr 38:201–215. doi:10.1007/s003940050063.
  • Son, D. Y., and S. I. Lee. 2001. Comparison of the characteristics of the major allergen Mal d 1 according to apple varieties. Food Sci. Biotechnol 10:132–136.
  • Takamatsu, N., Y. Kondo, I. Tsuge, Y. Nakajima, N. Naruse, K. Tanaka, C. Inuo, T. Hayashi, T. Matsuda, and T. Yoshikawa. 2016. A study of cross-reactivity between citrus fruit and pollen allergens in oral allergy syndrome and food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis in Japan. Fujita Med. J 2:6–11.
  • Tulipani, S., G. Marzban, A. Herndl, M. Laimer, B. Mezzetti, and M. Battino. 2011. Influence of environmental and genetic factors on health-related compounds in strawberry. Food Chem 124:906–913. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.07.018.
  • Tumbas, V., J. Čanadanović-Brunet, L. Gille, S. Đilas, and G. Ćetković. 2010. Superoxide anion radical scavenging activity of bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.). J. Berry Res 1:13–23.
  • Valenta, R., J. Lidholm, V. Niederberger, B. Hayek, D. Kraft, and H. Grönlund. 1999. The recombinant allergen-based concept of component-resolved diagnostics and immunotherapy (CRD and CRIT). Clin. Exp. Allergy 29:896–904. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2222.1999.00653.x.
  • Van Loon, L., and E. Van Strien. 1999. The families of pathogenesis-related proteins, their activities, and comparative analysis of PR-1 type proteins. Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol 55:85–97. doi:10.1006/pmpp.1999.0213.
  • van Loon, L. C. 1985. Pathogenesis-related proteins. Plant Mol. Biol 4:111–116. doi:10.1007/BF02418757.
  • Vanga, S. K., M. Jain, and V. Raghavan. 2016. Significance of fruit and vegetable allergens: Possibilities of its reduction through processing. Food Rev. Int doi:10.1080/87559129.2016.1239208. doi:10.1080/87559129.2016.1239208.
  • Vanga, S. K., A. Singh, and V. Raghavan. 2015. Effect of thermal and electric field treatment on the conformation of Ara h 6 peanut protein allergen. Innov. Food Sci. Emerg. Technol 30:79–88. doi:10.1016/j.ifset.2015.03.003.
  • Veit‐Köhler, U., A. Krumbein, and H. Kosegarten. 1999. Effect of different water supply on plant growth and fruit quality of Lycopersicon esculentum. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 162:583–588. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1522-2624(199912)162:6%3c583::AID-JPLN583%3e3.0.CO;2-P.
  • Wang, J., S. Liang, H. Ma, P. Zhang, and W. Shi. 2016. Effects of ethephon on fresh In-Husk walnut preservation and its possible relationship with phenol metabolism. J. Food. Sci 81:C1921–C1927. doi:10.1111/1750-3841.13370.
  • Wang, N.-J., C.-C. Lee, C.-S. Cheng, W.-C. Lo, Y.-F. Yang, M.-N. Chen, and P.-C. Lyu. 2012. Construction and analysis of a plant non-specific lipid transfer protein database (nsLTPDB). BMC Genomics 13:S9. doi:10.1186/1471-2164-13-S1-S9.
  • Weinstein, S., S. Bassiri‐Tehrani, and D. E. Cohen. 2004. Allergic contact dermatitis to mango flesh. Int. J. Dermatol 43:195–196. doi:10.1111/j.1365-4632.2004.01703.x.
  • Wen, J., M. Vanek-Krebitz, K. Hoffmann-Sommergruber, O. Scheiner, and H. Breiteneder. 1997. The Potential ofBetv1Homologues, a nuclear multigene family, as phylogenetic markers in flowering plants. Mol. Phylogen. Evol 8:317–333. doi:10.1006/mpev.1997.0447.
  • Werfel, T., R. Asero, B. Ballmer‐Weber, K. Beyer, E. Enrique, A. Knulst, A. Mari, A. Muraro, M. Ollert, and L. Poulsen. 2015. Position paper of the EAACI: Food allergy due to immunological cross‐reactions with common inhalant allergens. Allergy 70:1079–1090. doi:10.1111/all.12666.
  • Williams, R. 1965. The effect of summer nitrogen applications on the quality of apple blossom. J. Hortic. Sci 40:31–41. doi:10.1080/00221589.1965.11514118.
  • Wilson, D., M. Torres Lima, and S. Durham. 2005. Sublingual immunotherapy for allergic rhinitis: Systematic review and meta‐analysis. Allergy 60:4–12. doi:10.1111/j.1398-9995.2005.00699.x.
  • Yang, W. W., N. R. Mwakatage, R. Goodrich-Schneider, K. Krishnamurthy, and T. M. Rababah. 2012. Mitigation of major peanut allergens by pulsed ultraviolet light. Food Bioprocess Technol 5:2728–2738. doi:10.1007/s11947-011-0615-6.
  • Zuidmeer, L., E. Salentijn, M. F. Rivas, E. G. Mancebo, R. Asero, C. Matos, K. Pelgrom, L. Gilissen, and R. Van Ree. 2006. The role of profilin and lipid transfer protein in strawberry allergy in the Mediterranean area. Clin. Exp. Allergy 36:666–675. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2222.2006.02453.x.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.