Association of soft drink and 100% fruit juice consumption with all-cause mortality, cardiovascular diseases mortality, and cancer mortality: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies

References

• Appleton, K. M., H. Tuorila, E. J. Bertenshaw, C. de Graaf, and D. J. Mela. 2018. Sweet taste exposure and the subsequent acceptance and preference for sweet taste in the diet: Systematic review of the published literature. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 107 (3):405–19. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqx031.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Anderson, J. J., S. R. Gray, P. Welsh, D. F. Mackay, C. A. Celis-Morales, D. M. Lyall, J. Forbes, N. Sattar, J. M. R. Gill, J. P. Pell, et al. 2020. The associations of sugar-sweetened, artificially sweetened and naturally sweet juices with all-cause mortality in 198,285 UK Biobank participants: A prospective cohort study. BMC Medicine 18 (1):97. doi: 10.1186/s12916-020-01554-5.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Auerbach, B. J., S. Dibey, P. Vallila-Buchman, M. Kratz, and J. Krieger. 2018. Review of 100% fruit juice and chronic health conditions: Implications for sugar-sweetened beverage policy. Advances in Nutrition 9 (2):78–85. doi: 10.1093/advances/nmx0
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Barrington, W. E., and E. White. 2016. Mortality outcomes associated with intake of fast-food items and sugar-sweetened drinks among older adults in the Vitamins and Lifestyle (VITAL) study. Public Health Nutrition 19 (18):3319–26. doi: 10.1017/S1368980016001518.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Borges, M. C., M. L. Louzada, T. H. de Sá, A. A. Laverty, D. C. Parra, J. M. F. Garzillo, C. A. Monteiro, and C. Millett. 2017. Artificially-sweetened beverages and the response to the global obesity crisis. PLoS Medicine 14 (1):e1002195. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002195.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boyle, P., A. Koechlin, and P. Autier. 2014. Sweetened carbonated beverage consumption and cancer risk: Meta-analysis and review. European Journal of Cancer Prevention 23 (5):481–90. doi: 10.1097/CEJ.0000000000000015.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Collin, L. J., S. Judd, M. Safford, V. Vaccarino, and J. A. Welsh. 2019. Association of sugary beverage consumption with mortality risk in US adults: A secondary analysis of data from the REGARDS study. JAMA Network Open 2 (5):e193121. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.3121.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee. 2015. Scientific Report of the 2015 Dietary Guidelines Advisory Committee: Advisory Report to the Secretary of Health and Human Services and the Secretary of Agriculture. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Agriculture; Agricultural Research Service.
   Google Scholar
• Drouin-Chartier, J. P., Y. Zheng, Y. Li, V. Malik, A. Pan, S. N. Bhupathiraju, D. K. Tobias, J. E. Manson, W. C. Willett, and F. B. Hu. 2019. Changes in consumption of sugary beverages and artificially sweetened beverages and subsequent risk of type 2 diabetes: Results from three large prospective U.S. cohorts of women and men. Diabetes Care 42 (12):2181–9. doi: 10.2337/dc19-0734.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DiMeglio, D. P., and R. D. Mattes. 2000. Liquid versus solid carbohydrate: Effects on food intake and body weight. International Journal of Obesity and Related Metabolic Disorders 24 (6):794–800. doi: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0801229.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Evidence Partners. 2011. Methodological resources. https://www.evidencepartners.com/resources/methodological-resources/.
   Google Scholar
• Ferlay, J., I. Soerjomataram, R. Dikshit, S. Eser, C. Mathers, M. Rebelo, D. M. Parkin, D. Forman, and F. Bray. 2015. Cancer incidence and mortality worldwide: Sources, methods and major patterns in GLOBOCAN 2012. International Journal of Cancer 136 (5):E359–E386. doi: 10.1002/ijc.29210.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Greenland, S., and M. P. Longnecker. 1992. Methods for trend estimation from summarized dose-response data, with applications to meta-analysis. American Journal of Epidemiology 135 (11):1301–9. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116237.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guyatt, G., A. D. Oxman, E. A. Akl, R. Kunz, G. Vist, J. Brozek, S. Norris, Y. Falck-Ytter, P. Glasziou, H. DeBeer, et al. 2011. GRADE guidelines: 1. Introduction-GRADE evidence profiles and summary of findings tables. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 64 (4):383–94. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2010.04.026.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guyatt, G. H., A. D. Oxman, S. Sultan, P. Glasziou, E. A. Akl, P. Alonso-Coello, D. Atkins, R. Kunz, J. Brozek, V. Montori, et al. 2011. GRADE guidelines: 9. Rating up the quality of evidence. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology 64 (12):1311–6. doi: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2011.06.004.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guyatt, G. H., A. D. Oxman, G. E. Vist, R. Kunz, Y. Falck-Ytter, P. Alonso-Coello, and H. J. Schünemann. 2008. GRADE: An emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations. BMJ 336 (7650):924–6. doi: 10.1136/bmj.39489.470347.AD.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Green, E., and C. Murphy. 2012. Altered processing of sweet taste in the brain of diet soda drinkers. Physiology & Behavior 107 (4):560–7. doi: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2012.05.006.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Higgins, J. P., and S. G. Thompson. 2002. Quantifying heterogeneity in a meta-analysis. Statistics in Medicine 21 (11):1539–58. [Database] doi: 10.1002/sim.1186.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hallfrisch, J. 1990. Metabolic effects of dietary fructose. The FASEB Journal 4 (9):2652–60. doi: 10.1096/fasebj.4.9.2189777.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Heyman, M. B., S. A. Abrams, and Section on Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition. 2017. Fruit juice in infants, children, and adolescents: Current recommendations. Pediatrics 139 (6):e20170967. doi: 10.1542/peds.2017-0967.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Imamura, F., L. O’Connor, Z. Ye, J. Mursu, Y. Hayashino, S. N. Bhupathiraju, and N. G. Forouhi. 2016. Consumption of sugar sweetened beverages, artificially sweetened beverages, and fruit juice and incidence of type 2 diabetes: Systematic review, meta-analysis, and estimation of population attributable fraction. British Journal of Sports Medicine 50 (8):496–504. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2016-h3576rep.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson, R. J., T. Nakagawa, L. G. Sanchez-Lozada, M. Shafiu, S. Sundaram, M. Le, T. Ishimoto, Y. Y. Sautin, and M. A. Lanaspa. 2013. Sugar, uric acid, and the etiology of diabetes and obesity. Diabetes 62 (10):3307–15. doi: 10.2337/db12-1814.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Khan, M. M. H., R. Goto, K. Kobayashi, S. Suzumura, Y. Nagata, T. Sonoda, F. Sakauchi, M. Washio, and M. Mori. 2004. Dietary habits and cancer mortality among middle aged and older Japanese living in Hokkaido, Japan by cancer site and sex. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 5 (1):58–65.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Kregiel, D. 2015. Health safety of soft drinks: Contents, containers, and microorganisms. BioMed Research International 2015:128697. doi: 10.1155/2015/128697.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu, Z.-M., S. L. A. Tse, B. Chen, D. Chan, C. Wong, J. Woo, and S. Y.-S. Wong. 2018. Dietary sugar intake does not pose any risk of bone loss and non-traumatic fracture and is associated with a decrease in all-cause mortality among Chinese elderly: Finding from an 11-year longitudinal study of Mr. and Ms. OS Hong Kong. Bone 116:154–61. doi: 10.1016/j.bone.2018.07.011.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malik, V. S., and F. B. Hu. 2015. Fructose and cardiometabolic health: What the evidence from sugar-sweetened beverages tells us. Journal of the American College of Cardiology 66 (14):1615–24. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2015.08.025.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Malik, V. S., Y. Li, A. Pan, L. De Koning, E. Schernhammer, W. C. Willett, and F. B. Hu. 2019. Long-term consumption of sugar-sweetened and artificially-sweetened beverages and risk of mortality in USA adults. Circulation 139 (18):2113–25. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.037401.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mattes, R. D., and B. M. Popkin. 2009. Nonnutritive sweetener consumption in humans: Effects on appetite and food intake and their putative mechanisms. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 89 (1):1–14. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.2008.26792.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mossavar-Rahmani, Y., V. Kamensky, J. E. Manson, B. Silver, S. R. Rapp, B. Haring, S. A. A. Beresford, L. Snetselaar, and S. Wassertheil-Smoller. 2019. Artificially sweetened beverages and stroke, coronary heart disease, and all-cause mortality in the Women's Health Initiative. Stroke 50 (3):555–62. doi: 10.1161/STROKEAHA.118.023100.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mullee, A., D. Romaguera, J. Pearson-Stuttard, V. Viallon, M. Stepien, H. Freisling, G. Fagherazzi, F. R. Mancini, M.-C. Boutron-Ruault, T. Kühn, et al. 2019. Association between soft drink consumption and mortality in 10 European countries. JAMA Internal Medicine 179 (11):e192478. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2019.2478.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Narain, A., C. S. Kwok, and M. A. Mamas. 2016. Soft drinks and sweetened beverages and the risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis. International Journal of Clinical Practice 70 (10):791–805. doi: 10.1111/ijcp.12841. Epub 2016 Jul 25
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Odegaard, A. O., W. P. Koh, J. M. Yuan, and M. A. Pereira. 2015. Beverage habits and mortality in Chinese adults. The Journal of Nutrition 145 (3):595–604. doi: 10.3945/jn.114.200253.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ouzzani, M., H. Hammady, Z. Fedorowicz, and A. Elmagarmid. 2016. Rayyan—A web and mobile app for systematic reviews. Systematic Reviews 5 (1):210. doi: 10.1186/s13643-016-0384-4.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Orsini, N., R. Li, A. Wolk, P. Khudyakov, and D. Spiegelman. 2012. Meta-analysis for linear and nonlinear dose-response relations: Examples, an evaluation of approximations, and software. American Journal of Epidemiology 175 (1):66–73. doi: 10.1093/aje/kwr265.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Paganini-Hill, A., C. H. Kawas, and M. M. Corrada. 2007. Non-alcoholic beverage and caffeine consumption and mortality: The Leisure World Cohort Study. Preventive Medicine 44 (4):305–10. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2006.12.011.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ramne, S., J. Alves Dias, E. González-Padilla, K. Olsson, B. Lindahl, G. Engström, U. Ericson, I. Johansson, and E. Sonestedt. 2019. Association between added sugar intake and mortality is nonlinear and dependent on sugar source in 2 Swedish population-based prospective cohorts. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 109 (2):411–23. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqy268.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robert Wood Johnson Foundation: Healthy Eating Research. 2013, March. Healthier beverage recommendations.
   Google Scholar
• Rong, Y., L. Chen, T. Zhu, Y. Song, M. Yu, Z. Shan, A. Sands, F. B. Hu, and L. Liu. 2013. Egg consumption and risk of coronary heart disease and stroke: Dose-response meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. BMJ 346:e8539. doi: 10.1136/bmj.e8539.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Salgado, M. V., J. Penko, A. Fernandez, J. Konfino, P. G. Coxson, K. Bibbins-Domingo, and R. Mejia. 2020. Projected impact of a reduction in sugar-sweetened beverage consumption on diabetes and cardiovascular disease in Argentina: A modeling study. PLoS Medicine 17 (7):e1003224. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003224.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sarwar, N., P. Gao, S. R. Kondapally Seshasai, R. Gobin, S. Kaptoge, E. Di Angelantonio, E. Ingelsson, D. A. Lawlor, E. Selvin, M. Stampfer, et al. 2010. Diabetes mellitus, fasting blood glucose concentration, and risk of vascular disease: A collaborative meta-analysis of 102 prospective studies. Lancet 376 (9745):2215–22. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60484-9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwingshackl, L., C. Schwedhelm, G. Hoffmann, A.-M. Lampousi, S. Knüppel, K. Iqbal, A. Bechthold, S. Schlesinger, and H. Boeing. 2017. Food groups and risk of all-cause mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 105 (6):1462–73. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.117.153148.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwingshackl, L., C. Schwedhelm, G. Hoffmann, S. Knüppel, A. Laure Preterre, K. Iqbal, A. Bechthold, S. De Henauw, N. Michels, B. Devleesschauwer, et al. 2018. Food groups and risk of colorectal cancer. International Journal of Cancer 142 (9):1748–58. doi: 10.1002/ijc.31198.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Serpen, J. Y. 2012. Comparison of sugar content in bottled 100% fruit juice versus extracted juice of fresh fruit. Food and Nutrition Sciences 03 (11):1509–13. doi: 10.4236/fns.2012.311196.
   Google Scholar
• Shefferly, A., R. J. Scharf, and M. D. DeBoer. 2016. Longitudinal evaluation of 100% fruit juice consumption on BMI status in 2–5-year-old children. Pediatric Obesity 11 (3):221–7. doi: 10.1111/ijpo.12048.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Singh, G. M., R. Micha, S. Khatibzadeh, S. Lim, M. Ezzati, and D. Mozaffarian. 2015. Estimated global, regional, and national disease burdens related to sugar-sweetened beverage consumption in 2010. Circulation 132 (8):639–66. 4.010636 doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.11.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stroup, D. F., J. A. Berlin, S. C. Morton, I. Olkin, G. D. Williamson, D. Rennie, D. Moher, B. J. Becker, T. A. Sipe, S. B. Thacker, et al. 2000. Meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology: A proposal for reporting. JAMA 283 (15):2008–2012. doi: 10.1001/jama.283.15.2008.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tasevska, N., Y. Park, L. Jiao, A. Hollenbeck, A. F. Subar, and N. Potischman. 2014. Sugars and risk of mortality in the NIH-AARP Diet and Health Study. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 99 (5):1077–88. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.113.069369.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Trepanowski, J. F., and J. P. Ioannidis. 2018. Perspective: Limiting dependence on nonrandomized studies and improving randomized trials in human nutrition research: Why and how. Advances in Nutrition 9 (4):367–77. doi: 10.1093/advances/nmy014.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• US Department of Health and Human Services & US Department of Agriculture. 2015. 2015-2020 dietary guidelines for Americans. 8th ed. Washington, DC: Skyhorse.
   Google Scholar
• Vyas, A., L. Rubenstein, J. Robinson, R. A. Seguin, M. Z. Vitolins, R. Kazlauskaite, J. M. Shikany, K. C. Johnson, L. Snetselaar, R. Wallace, et al. 2015. Diet drink consumption and the risk of cardiovascular events: A report from the Women's Health Initiative. Journal of General Internal Medicine 30 (4):462–8. doi: 10.1007/s11606-014-3098-0.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wells, G. A., B. Shea, D. O’Connell, J. Peterson, V. Welch, M. Losos, and P. Tugwell. 2000. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) for assessing the quality of non-randomized studies in meta-analyses. The Ottawa Hospital. http://www.ohri.ca/programs/clinical_epidemiology/oxford.asp. Accessed December 20, 2019.
   Google Scholar
• World Health Organization. 2015. Guideline: Sugars intake for adults and children. http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/149782/1/9789241549028_eng.pdf?ua=1. Accessed April 24, 2020.
   Google Scholar
• Xu, C., F.-F. Han, X.-T. Zeng, T.-Z. Liu, S. Li, and Z.-Y. Gao. 2015. Fat intake is not linked to prostate cancer: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis. PLoS One 10 (7):e0131747. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0131747.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yin, J., Y. Zhu, V. Malik, X. Li, X. Peng, F. F. Zhang, Z. Shan, and L. Liu. 2020. Intake of sugar-sweetened and low-calorie sweetened beverages and risk of cardiovascular disease: A meta-analysis and systematic review. Advances in Nutrition 12 (1):89–101. doi: 10.1093/advances/nmaa084.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeraatkar, D., G. H. Guyatt, P. Alonso-Coello, M. M. Bala, M. Rabassa, M. A. Han, R. W. M. Vernooij, C. Valli, R. El Dib, B. C. Johnston, et al. 2020. Red and processed meat consumption and risk for all-cause mortality and cardiometabolic outcomes. Annals of Internal Medicine 172 (7):511–2. doi: 10.7326/L20-0070.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, Y. B., J. X. Chen, Y. W. Jiang, P. F. Xia, and A. Pan. 2021. Association of sugar-sweetened beverage and artificially sweetened beverage intakes with mortality: An analysis of US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. European Journal of Nutrition 60 (4):1945–55. doi: 10.1007/s00394-020-02387-x.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zeraatkar, D., M. A., Han, G. H. Guyatt, R. W. M. Vernooij, R. El Dib, K. Cheung, K. Milio, M. Zworth, J. J. Bartoszko, C. Valli, et al. 2019. Red and processed meat consumption and risk for all-cause mortality and cardiometabolic outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies. Annals of Internal Medicine 171 (10):703–10. doi: 10.7326/M19-0655.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar