451
Views
3
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Review Articles

Molecular interactions and their predictive roles in cell pole determination in bacteria

, , &
Pages 141-161 | Received 24 Jul 2020, Accepted 24 Nov 2020, Published online: 11 Jan 2021

References

  • Aaron M, Charbon G, Lam H, Schwarz H, Vollmer W, Jacobs-Wagner C. 2007. The tubulin homologue FtsZ contributes to cell elongation by guiding cell wall precursor synthesis in Caulobacter crescentus. Mol Microbiol. 64(4):938–952.
  • Aarsman ME, Piette A, Fraipont C, Vinkenvleugel TM, Nguyen‐Distèche M, den Blaauwen T. 2005. Maturation of the Escherichia coli divisome occurs in two steps. Mol Microbiol. 55(6):1631–1645.
  • Aimon S, Callan-Jones A, Berthaud A, Pinot M, Toombes GE, Bassereau P. 2014. Membrane shape modulates transmembrane protein distribution. Dev Cell. 28(2):212–218.
  • Aldea M, Hernandez-Chico C, De la Campa AG, Kushner SR, Vicente M. 1988. Identification, cloning, and expression of bolA, an ftsZ-dependent morphogene of Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 170(11):5169–5176.
  • Antonny B, Burd C, De Camilli P, Chen E, Daumke O, Faelber K, Ford M, Frolov FA, Frost A, Hinshaw JE, et al. 2016. Membrane fission by dynamin: what we know and what we need to know. Embo J. 35(21):2270–2284.
  • Bach JN, Albrecht N, Bramkamp M. 2014. Imaging DivIVA dynamics using photo-convertible and activatable fluorophores in Bacillus subtilis. Front Microbiol. 5:59.
  • Bailey MW, Bisicchia P, Warren BT, Sherratt DJ, Männik J. 2014. Evidence for divisome localization mechanisms independent of the Min system and SlmA in Escherichia coli. PLoS Genet. 10(8):e1004504.
  • Begg KJ, Dewar SJ, Donachie WD. 1995. A new Escherichia coli cell division gene, ftsK. J Bacteriol. 177(21):6211–6222.
  • Belas R, Manos J, Suvanasuthi R. 2004. Proteus mirabilis ZapA metalloprotease degrades a broad spectrum of substrates, including antimicrobial peptides. Infect Immun. 72(9):5159–5167.
  • Belas R, Suvanasuth R. 2005. The ability of Proteus mirabilis to sense surfaces and regulate virulence gene expression involves FliL, a flagellar basal body protein. J Bacteriol. 187(19):6789–6803.
  • Bendezú FO, de Boer PA. 2008. Conditional lethality, division defects, membrane involution, and endocytosis in mre and mrd shape mutants of Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 190(5):1792–1811.
  • Ben-Yehuda S, Losick R. 2002. Asymmetric cell division in B subtilis involves a spiral-like intermediate of the cytokinetic protein FtsZ. Cell. 109(2):257–266.
  • Ben-Yehuda S, Rudner DZ, Losick R. 2003. RacA, a bacterial protein that anchors chromosomes to the cell poles. Science. 299(5606):532–536.
  • Ben-Yehuda S, Fujita M, Liu XS, Gorbatyuk B, Skoko D, Yan J, Marko JF, Liu JS, Eichenberger P, Rudner DZ, et al. 2005. Defining a centromere-like element in Bacillus subtilis by identifying the binding sites for the chromosome-anchoring protein RacA. Mol Cell. 17(6):773–782.
  • Bernal P, Segura A, Ramos JL. 2007. Compensatory role of the cis-trans-isomerase and cardiolipin synthase in the membrane fluidity of Pseudomonas putida DOT-T1E. Environ Microbiol. 9(7):1658–1664.
  • Bernhardt TG, De Boer PA. 2005. SlmA, a nucleoid-associated, FtsZ binding protein required for blocking septal ring assembly over chromosomes in E coli. Mol Cell. 18(5):555–564.
  • Bertrand RL. 2019. Lag phase is a dynamic, organized, adaptive, and evolvable period that prepares bacteria for cell division. J Bacteriol. 201(7). e00697-18.
  • Bhattacharya A, Ray S, Singh D, Dhaked HPS, Panda D. 2015. ZapC promotes assembly and stability of FtsZ filaments by binding at a different site on FtsZ than ZipA. Int J Biol Macromol. 81:435–442.
  • Bigot S, Saleh OA, Lesterlin C, Pages C, El Karoui M, Dennis C, Grigoriev M, Allemand J-F, Barre F-X, Cornet F. 2005. KOPS: DNA motifs that control E coli chromosome segregation by orienting the FtsK translocase. Embo J. 24(21):3770–3780.
  • Boes A, Olatunji S, Breukink E, Terrak M. 2019. Regulation of the peptidoglycan polymerase activity of PBP1b by antagonist actions of the core divisome proteins FtsBLQ and FtsN. MBio. 10(1).
  • Bottomley AL, Liew AT, Kusuma KD, Peterson E, Seidel L, Foster SJ, Harry EJ. 2017. Coordination of chromosome segregation and cell division in Staphylococcus aureus. Front Microbiol. 8:1575.
  • Bowman GR, Comolli LR, Gaietta GM, Fero M, Hong S-H, Jones Y, Lee JH, Downing KH, Ellisman MH, McAdams HH, et al. 2010. Caulobacter PopZ forms a polar subdomain dictating sequential changes in pole composition and function. Mol Microbiol. 76(1):173–189.
  • Bowman GR, Comolli LR, Zhu J, Eckart M, Koenig M, Downing KH, Moerner WE, Earnest T, Shapiro L. 2008. A polymeric protein anchors the chromosomal origin/ParB complex at a bacterial cell pole. Cell. 134(6):945–955.
  • Bowman GR, Lyuksyutova AI, Shapiro L. 2011. Bacterial polarity. Curr Opin Cell Biol. 23(1):71–77.
  • Boyle DS, Khattar MM, Addinall SG, Lutkenhaus J, Donachie WD. 1997. ftsW is an essential cell-division gene in Escherichia coli . Mol Microbiol. 24(6):1263–1273.
  • Bramkamp M, Emmins R, Weston L, Donovan C, Daniel RA, Errington J. 2008. A novel component of the division‐site selection system of Bacillus subtilis and a new mode of action for the division inhibitor MinCD. Mol. Microbiol. 70(6):1556–1569.
  • Briegel A, Li X, Bilwes AM, Hughes KT, Jensen GJ, Crane BR. 2012. Bacterial chemoreceptor arrays are hexagonally packed trimers of receptor dimers networked by rings of kinase and coupling proteins. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 109(10):3766–3771.
  • Brun YV, Shimkets LJ. 2000. Prokaryotic development (Vol 114), Washington, DC: Asm Press.
  • Burby PE, Simmons LA. 2019. Regulation of cell division in bacteria by monitoring genome integrity and DNA replication status. J Bacteriol. 202(2).
  • Buss JA, Peters NT, Xiao J, Bernhardt TG. 2017. ZapA and ZapB form an FtsZ-independent structure at midcell . Mol Microbiol. 104(4):652–663.
  • Carballido-López R. 2006. The bacterial actin-like cytoskeleton. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 70(4):888–909.
  • Charaka VK, Mehta KP, Misra HS. 2013. ParA encoded on chromosome II of Deinococcus radiodurans binds to nucleoid and inhibits cell division in Escherichia coli. J Biosci. 38(3):487–497.
  • Charaka VK, Misra HS. 2012. Functional characterization of the role of the chromosome i partitioning system in genome segregation in Deinococcus radiodurans. J Bacteriol. 194(21):5739–5748.
  • Chaudhary R, Gupta A, Kota S, Misra HS. 2019. N-terminal domain of DivIVA contributes to its dimerization and interaction with genome segregation proteins in a radioresistant bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans. Int J Biol Macromol. 128:12–21.
  • Chauhan A, Lofton H, Maloney E, Moore J, Fol M, Madiraju MV, Rajagopalan M. 2006. Interference of Mycobacterium tuberculosis cell division by Rv2719c, a cell wall hydrolase. Mol Microbiol. 62(1):132–147.
  • Cho H, McManus HR, Dove SL, Bernhardt TG. 2011. Nucleoid occlusion factor SlmA is a DNA-activated FtsZ polymerization antagonist. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 108(9):3773–3778.
  • Choi H, Min K, Mikami B, Yoon HJ, Lee HH. 2016. Structural and biochemical studies reveal a putative FtsZ recognition site on the Z-ring stabilizer ZapD. Mol Cells. 39(11):814–820.
  • Condon SGF, Mahbuba D-A, Armstrong CR, Diaz-Vazquez G, Craven SJ, LaPointe LM, Khadria AS, Chadda R, Crooks JA, Rangarajan N, et al. 2018. The FtsLB subcomplex of the bacterial divisome is a tetramer with an uninterrupted FtsL helix linking the transmembrane and periplasmic regions. J Biol Chem. 293(5):1623–1641.
  • Corbin BD, Yu XC, Margolin W. 2002. Exploring intracellular space: function of the Min system in round-shaped Escherichia coli. Embo J. 21(8):1998–2008.
  • Cytrynbaum EN, Marshall BD. 2007. A multistranded polymer model explains MinDE dynamics in E coli cell division. Biophys J. 93(4):1134–1150.
  • Daniel RA, Harry EJ, Errington J. 2000. Role of penicillin-binding protein PBP 2B in assembly and functioning of the division machinery of Bacillus subtilis. Mol Microbiol. 35(2):299–311.
  • De Boer PA. 2010. Advances in understanding E coli cell fission. Curr Opin Microbiol. 13(6):730–737.
  • De Las Rivas B, García JL, López R, García P. 2002. Purification and polar localization of pneumococcal LytB, a putative endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase: the chain-dispersing murein hydrolase. J Bacteriol. 184(18):4988–5000.
  • De Pedro MA, Quintela JC, Höltje JV, Schwarz H. 1997. Murein segregation in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 179(9):2823–2834.
  • DeDent A, Bae T, Missiakas DM, Schneewind O. 2008. Signal peptides direct surface proteins to two distinct envelope locations of Staphylococcus aureus. Embo J. 27(20):2656–2668.
  • Den Blaauwen T, Luirink J. 2019. Checks and balances in bacterial cell division. MBio. 10(1).
  • Denome SA, Elf PK, Henderson TA, Nelson DE, Young KD. 1999. Escherichia coli mutants lacking all possible combinations of eight penicillin binding proteins: viability, characteristics, and implications for peptidoglycan synthesis. J Bacteriol. 181(13):3981–3993.
  • Di Ventura B, Knecht B, Andreas H, Godinez WJ, Fritsche M, Rohr K, Nickel W, Heermann DW, Sourjik V. 2013. Chromosome segregation by the Escherichia coli Min system. Mol Syst Biol. 9:686.
  • Di Ventura B, Sourjik V. 2011. Self-organized partitioning of dynamically localized proteins in bacterial cell division . Mol Syst Biol. 7:457.
  • Divakaruni AV, Baida C, White CL, Gober JW. 2007. The cell shape proteins MreB and MreC control cell morphogenesis by positioning cell wall synthetic complexes. Mol Microbiol. 66(1):174–188.
  • Domínguez-Escobar J, Chastanet A, Crevenna AH, Fromion V, Wedlich-Söldner R, Carballido-López R. 2011. Processive movement of MreB-associated cell wall biosynthetic complexes in bacteria. Science. 333(6039):225–228.
  • Draper W, Liphardt J. 2017. Origins of chemoreceptor curvature sorting in Escherichia coli. Nat Commun. 8(1):1–9.
  • Drew DA, Osborn MJ, Rothfield LI. 2005. A polymerization-depolymerization model that accurately generates the self-sustained oscillatory system involved in bacterial division site placement. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 102(17):6114–6118.
  • Durand-Heredia J, Rivkin E, Fan G, Morales J, Janakiraman A. 2012. Identification of ZapD as a cell division factor that promotes the assembly of FtsZ in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 194(12):3189–3198.
  • Ebersbach G, Briegel A, Jensen GJ, Jacobs-Wagner C. 2008. A self-associating protein critical for chromosome attachment, division, and polar organization in Caulobacter. Cell. 134(6):956–968.
  • Edwards DH, Thomaides HB, Errington J. 2000. Promiscuous targeting of Bacillus subtilis cell division protein DivIVA to division sites in Escherichia coli and fission yeast. Embo J. 19(11):2719–2727.
  • Ehrle HM, Guidry JT, Iacovetto R, Salisbury AK, Sandidge DJ, Bowman GR. 2017. Polar organizing protein PopZ is required for chromosome segregation in Agrobacterium tumefaciens. J Bacteriol. 199(17):e00111–17.
  • Endres JR, Clewell A, Jade KA, Farber T, Hauswirth J, Schauss AG. 2009. Safety assessment of a proprietary preparation of a novel Probiotic, Bacillus coagulans, as a food ingredient. Food Chem Toxicol. 47(6):1231–1238.
  • Errington J, Daniel RA, Scheffers DJ. 2003. Cytokinesis in bacteria. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 67(1):52–65.
  • Espéli O, Borne R, Dupaigne P, Thiel A, Gigant E, Mercier R, Boccard F. 2012. A MatP-divisome interaction coordinates chromosome segregation with cell division in E. coli. Embo J. 31(14):3198–3211.
  • Eswaramoorthy P, Erb ML, Gregory JA, Silverman J, Pogliano K, Pogliano J, Ramamurthi KS. 2011. Cellular architecture mediates DivIVA ultrastructure and regulates min activity in Bacillus subtilis. MBio. 2(6):6.
  • Flärdh K. 2003. Essential role of DivIVA in polar growth and morphogenesis in Streptomyces coelicolor A3. Mol Microbiol. 49(6):1523–1536.
  • Fleurie A, Manuse S, Zhao C, Campo N, Cluzel C, Lavergne J-P, Freton C, Combet C, Guiral S, Soufi B, et al. 2014. Interplay of the serine/threonine-kinase StkP and the paralogs DivIVA and GpsB in pneumococcal cell elongation and division. PLoS Genet. 10(4):e1004275.
  • Floch K, Lacroix F, Servant P, Wong Y-S, Kleman J-P, Bourgeois D, Timmins J. 2019. Cell morphology and nucleoid dynamics in dividing Deinococcus radiodurans. Nat Comms. 10:1–13.
  • Fraipont C, Alexeeva S, Wolf B, van der Ploeg R, Schloesser M, den Blaauwen T, Nguyen DM. 2011. The integral membrane FtsW protein and peptidoglycan synthase PBP3 form a subcomplex in Escherichia coli. Microbiology (Reading)). 157(Pt 1):251–259.
  • Frojd MJ, Flardh K. 2019. Apical assemblies of intermediate filament-like protein FilP are highly dynamic and affect polar growth determinant DivIVA in Streptomyces venezuelae. Mol Microbiol. 112:47–61.
  • Galic M, Jeong S, Tsai F-C, Joubert L-M, Wu YI, Hahn KM, Cui Y, Meyer T. 2012. External push and internal pull forces recruit curvature-sensing N-BAR domain proteins to the plasma membrane. Nat Cell Biol. 14(8):874–881.
  • Galli E, Gerdes K. 2012. FtsZ-ZapA-ZapB interactome of Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 194(2):292–302.
  • Gamba P, Veening JW, Saunders NJ, Hamoen LW, Daniel RA. 2009. Two-step assembly dynamics of the Bacillus subtilis divisome. J Bacteriol. 191(13):4186–4194.
  • Garner EC, Bernard R, Wang W, Zhuang X, Rudner DZ, Mitchison T. 2011. Coupled, circumferential motions of the cell wall synthesis machinery and MreB filaments in B subtilis. Science. 333(6039):222–225.
  • Gerding MA, Liu B, Bendezú FO, Hale CA, Bernhardt TG, de Boer PA. 2009. Self-enhanced accumulation of FtsN at division sites and roles for other proteins with a SPOR domain (DamX, DedD, and RlpA) in Escherichia coli cell constriction. J Bacteriol. 191(24):7383–7401.
  • Ginda K, Bezulska M, Ziółkiewicz M, Dziadek J, Zakrzewska‐Czerwińska J, Jakimowicz D. 2013. ParA of Mycobacterium smegmatis co-ordinates chromosome segregation with the cell cycle and interacts with the polar growth determinant DivIVA . Mol Microbiol. 87(5):998–1012.
  • Goehring NW, Gueiros-Filho F, Beckwith J. 2005. Premature targeting of a cell division protein to midcell allows dissection of divisome assembly in Escherichia coli. Genes Dev. 19(1):127–137.
  • Goley ED, Yeh YC, Hong SH, Fero MJ, Abeliuk E, McAdams HH, Shapiro L. 2011. Assembly of the Caulobacter cell division machine. Mol Microbiol. 80(6):1680–1698.
  • Grangeon R, Zupan J, Jeon Y, Zambryski PC. 2017. Loss of PopZ at activity in agrobacterium tumefaciens by deletion or depletion leads to multiple growth poles, minicells, and growth defects. mBio. 8(6):e01881–17.
  • Gregory JA, Becker EC, Pogliano K. 2008. Bacillus subtilis MinC destabilizes FtsZ-rings at new cell poles and contributes to the timing of cell division. Genes Dev. 22(24):3475–3488.
  • Gueiros-Filho FJ, Losick R. 2002. A widely conserved bacterial cell division protein that promotes assembly of the tubulin-like protein FtsZ. Genes Dev. 16(19):2544–2556.
  • Hajduk IV, Mann R, Rodrigues CDA, Harry EJ. 2019. The ParB homologs, Spo0J and Noc, together prevent premature midcell Z ring assembly when the early stages of replication are blocked in Bacillus subtilis. Mol Microbiol. 112(3):766–784.
  • Halatek J, Frey E. 2012. Highly canalized MinD transfer and MinE sequestration explain the origin of robust MinCDE-protein dynamics. Cell Rep. 1(6):741–752.
  • Hale CA, Shiomi D, Liu B, Bernhardt TG, Margolin W, Niki H, de Boer PA. 2011. Identification of Escherichia coli ZapC (YcbW) as a component of the division apparatus that binds and bundles FtsZ polymers. J Bacteriol. 193(6):1393–1404.
  • Hamasha K, Sahana MB, Jani C, Nyayapathy S, Kang CM, Rehse SJ. 2010. The effect of Wag31 phosphorylation on the cells and the cell envelope fraction of wild-type and conditional mutants of Mycobacterium smegmatis studied by visible-wavelength Raman spectroscopy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 391(1):664–668.
  • Hammond LR, White ML, Eswara PJ. 2019. vIVA la DivIVA!. J Bacteriol. 201(21):e00245–19.
  • Harry EJ, Lewis PJ. 2003. Early targeting of Min proteins to the cell poles in germinated spores of Bacillus subtilis: evidence for division apparatus-independent recruitment of Min proteins to the division site. Mol Microbiol. 47(1):37–48.
  • Hempel AM, Cantlay S, Molle V, Wang S-B, Naldrett MJ, Parker JL, Richards DM, Jung Y-G, Buttner MJ, Flärdh K. 2012. The Ser/Thr protein kinase AfsK regulates polar growth and hyphal branching in the filamentous bacteria Streptomyces. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 109(35):E2371–E2379.
  • Henriques AO, Glaser P, Piggot PJ, Moran CP. 1998. Control of cell shape and elongation by the rodA gene in Bacillus subtilis. Mol Microbiol. 28(2):235–247.
  • Higashitani A, Higashitani N, Horiuchi K. 1995. A cell division inhibitor SulA of Escherichia coli directly interacts with FtsZ through GTP hydrolysis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 209(1):198–204.
  • Holmes JA, Follett SE, Wang H, Meadows CP, Varga K, Bowman GR. 2016. Caulobacter PopZ forms an intrinsically disordered hub in organizing bacterial cell poles. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 113(44):12490–12495.
  • Höltje JV. 1998. Growth of the stress-bearing and shape-maintaining murein sacculus of Escherichia coli. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 62(1):181–203.
  • Höltje JV, Heidrich C. 2001. Enzymology of elongation and constriction of the murein sacculus of Escherichia coli. Biochimie. 83(1):103–108.
  • Howell M, Aliashkevich A, Salisbury AK, Cava F, Bowman GR, Brown PJB. 2017. Absence of the polar organizing protein popz results in reduced and asymmetric cell division in Agrobacterium tumefaciens. J Bacteriol. 199(17):e00101–17.
  • Hu Z, Gogol EP, Lutkenhaus J. 2002. Dynamic assembly of MinD on phospholipid vesicles regulated by ATP and MinE. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 99(10):6761–6766.
  • Hu Z, Lutkenhaus J. 2001. Topological regulation of cell division in E coli: spatiotemporal oscillation of MinD requires stimulation of its ATPase by MinE and phospholipid. Mol Cell. 7(6):1337–1343.
  • Hu Z, Mukherjee A, Pichoff S, Lutkenhaus J. 1999. The MinC component of the division site selection system in Escherichia coli interacts with FtsZ to prevent polymerization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 96(26):14819–14824.
  • Hu Z, Saez C, Lutkenhaus J. 2003. Recruitment of MinC, an inhibitor of Z-ring formation, to the membrane in Escherichia coli: role of MinD and MinE. J Bacteriol. 185(1):196–203.
  • Huang KH, Mychack A, Tchorzewski L, Janakiraman A. 2016. Characterization of the FtsZ C-terminal variable (CTV) region in Z-ring assembly and interaction with the Z-ring stabilizer ZapD in E. coli cytokinesis. PLoS One. 11(4):e0153337.
  • Huang KC, Mukhopadhyay R, Wingreen NS. 2006. A curvature-mediated mechanism for localization of lipids to bacterial poles. PLoS Comput Biol. 2(11):e151.
  • Huang KC, Ramamurthi KS. 2010. Macromolecules that prefer their membranes curvy. Mol Microbiol. 76(4):822–832.
  • Huitema E, Pritchard S, Matteson D, Radhakrishnan SK, Viollier PH. 2006. Bacterial birth scar proteins mark future flagellum assembly site. Cell. 124(5):1025–1037.
  • Ishino F, Jung HK, Ikeda M, Doi M, Wachi M, Matsuhashi M. 1989. New mutations fts-36, lts-33, and ftsW clustered in the mra region of the Escherichia coli chromosome induce thermosensitive cell growth and division. J Bacteriol. 171(10):5523–5530.
  • Jani C, Eoh H, Lee JJ, Hamasha K, Sahana MB, Han J-S, Nyayapathy S, Lee J-Y, Suh J-W, Lee SH, et al. 2010. Regulation of polar peptidoglycan biosynthesis by Wag31 phosphorylation in mycobacteria. BMC Microbiol. 10:327–310.
  • Jensen SO, Thompson LS, Harry EJ. 2005. Cell division in Bacillus subtilis: FtsZ and FtsA association is Z-ring independent, and FtsA is required for efficient midcell Z-ring assembly. J Bacteriol. 187(18):6536–6544.
  • Jiang H, Si F, Margolin W, Sun SX. 2011. Mechanical control of bacterial cell shape. Biophys J. 101(2):327–335.
  • Joshi KK, Battle CM, Chien P. 2018. Polar localization hub protein PopZ restrains adaptor-dependent ClpXP proteolysis in Caulobacter crescentus. J Bacteriol. 200(20):e00221-18.
  • Kang CM, Abbott DW, Park ST, Dascher CC, Cantley LC, Husson RN. 2005. The Mycobacterium tuberculosis serine/threonine kinases PknA and PknB: substrate identification and regulation of cell shape. Genes Dev. 19(14):1692–1704.
  • Kang CM, Nyayapathy S, Lee JY, Suh JW, Husson RN. 2008. Wag31, a homologue of the cell division protein DivIVA, regulates growth, morphology and polar cell wall synthesis in mycobacteria. Microbiology (Reading)). 154(Pt 3):725–735.
  • Kato JI, Suzuki H, Hirota Y. 1985. Dispensability of either penicillin-binding protein-1a or -1b involved in the essential process for cell elongation in Escherichia coli. Mol Gen Genet. 200(2):272–277.
  • Kaval KG, Halbedel S. 2012. Architecturally the same, but playing a different game: the diverse species-specific roles of DivIVA proteins. Virulence. 3(4):406–407.
  • Kawai F, Shoda M, Harashima R, Sadaie Y, Hara H, Matsumoto K. 2004. Cardiolipin domains in Bacillus subtilis marburg membranes. J Bacteriol. 186(5):1475–1483.
  • Kawai Y, Moriya S, Ogasawara N. 2003. Identification of a protein, YneA, responsible for cell division suppression during the SOS response in Bacillus subtilis. Mol Microbiol. 47(4):1113–1122.
  • Kiekebusch D, Michie KA, Essen LO, Löwe J, Thanbichler M. 2012. Localized dimerization and nucleoid binding drive gradient formation by the bacterial cell division inhibitor MipZ. Mol Cell. 46(3):245–259.
  • Kim KK, Yokota H, Kim SH. 1999. Four-helical-bundle structure of the cytoplasmic domain of a serine chemotaxis receptor. Nature. 400(6746):787–792.
  • Kirkpatrick CL, Viollier PH. 2011. Poles apart: prokaryotic polar organelles and their spatial regulation. Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives Biol. 3(3):a006809–a006809.
  • Klevens RM, Morrison MA, Nadle J, Petit S, Gershman K, Ray S, Harrison LH, Lynfield R, Dumyati G, Townes JM, Active Bacterial Core surveillance (ABCs) MRSA Investigators, et al. 2007. Invasive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infections in the United States. Jama. 298(15):1763–1771.
  • Krupka M, Sobrinos-Sanguino M, Jiménez M, Rivas G, Margolin W. 2018. Escherichia coli ZipA organizes FtsZ polymers into dynamic ring-like protofilament structures. MBio. 9(3).
  • Lackner LL, Raskin DM, De Boer PA. 2003. ATP-dependent interactions between Escherichia coli Min proteins and the phospholipid membrane in vitro. J Bacteriol. 185(3):735–749.
  • Laloux G, Jacobs-Wagner C. 2013. Spatiotemporal control of PopZ localization through cell cycle-coupled multimerization. J Cell Biol. 201(6):827–841.
  • Laloux G, Jacobs-Wagner C. 2014. How do bacteria localize proteins to the cell pole? J Cell Sci. 127(Pt 1):11–19.
  • Lam H, Schofield WB, Jacobs-Wagner C. 2006. A landmark protein essential for establishing and perpetuating the polarity of a bacterial cell. Cell. 124(5):1011–1023.
  • Leclercq S, Derouaux A, Olatunji S, Fraipont C, Egan AJF, Vollmer W, Breukink E, Terrak M. 2017. Interplay between penicillin-binding proteins and SEDS proteins promotes bacterial cell wall synthesis. Sci Rep. 7:43306.
  • Lee IH, Kai H, Carlson LA, Groves JT, Hurley JH. 2015. Negative membrane curvature catalyzes nucleation of endosomal sorting complex required for transport (ESCRT)-III assembly. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 112(52):15892–15897.
  • Lenarcic R, Halbedel S, Visser L, Shaw M, Wu LJ, Errington J, Marenduzzo D, Hamoen LW. 2009. Localisation of DivIVA by targeting to negatively curved membranes. Embo J. 28(15):2272–2282.
  • Lenz P, Søgaard-Andersen L. 2011. Temporal and spatial oscillations in bacteria. Nat Rev Microbiol. 9(8):565–577.
  • Letek M, Fiuza M, Ordóñez E, Villadangos AF, Ramos A, Mateos LM, Gil JA. 2008. Cell growth and cell division in the rod-shaped actinomycete Corynebacterium glutamicum. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 94(1):99–109.
  • Levin PA, Shim JJ, Grossman AD. 1998. Effect of minCD on FtsZ ring position and polar septation in Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol. 180(22):6048–6051.
  • Levin PA, Kurtser IG, Grossman AD. 1999. Identification and characterization of a negative regulator of FtsZ ring formation in Bacillus subtilis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 96(17):9642–9647.
  • Lim HC, Bernhardt TG. 2019. A PopZ-linked apical recruitment assay for studying protein-protein interactions in the bacterial cell envelope. Mol Microbiol. 112(6):1757–1768.
  • Loose M, Fischer-Friedrich E, Herold C, Kruse K, Schwille P. 2011. Min protein patterns emerge from rapid rebinding and membrane interaction of MinE. Nat Struct Mol Biol. 18(5):577–583.
  • Loose M, Fischer-Friedrich E, Ries J, Kruse K, Schwille P. 2008. Spatial regulators for bacterial cell division self-organize into surface waves in vitro. Science. 320(5877):789–792.
  • Low HH, Moncrieffe MC, Löwe J. 2004. The crystal structure of ZapA and its modulation of FtsZ polymerisation. J Mol Biol. 341(3):839–852.
  • Lutkenhaus J. 2007. Assembly dynamics of the bacterial MinCDE system and spatial regulation of the Z ring. Annu Rev Biochem. 76:539–562.
  • Ma X, Ehrhardt DW, Margolin W. 1996. Colocalization of cell division proteins FtsZ and FtsA to cytoskeletal structures in living Escherichia coli cells by using green fluorescent protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 93(23):12998–13003.
  • MacMillan SV, Alexander DA, Culham DE, Kunte HJ, Marshall EV, Rochon D, Wood JM. 1999. The ion coupling and organic substrate specificities of osmoregulatory transporter ProP in Escherichia coli. Biochim Biophys Acta Biomembr. 1420(1-2):30–44.
  • Magdeleine M, Gautier R, Gounon P, Barelli H, Vanni S, Antonny B. 2016. A filter at the entrance of the Golgi that selects vesicles according to size and bulk lipid composition. Elife. 5:e16988.
  • Mahone CR, Goley ED. 2020. Bacterial cell division at a glance. J Cell Sci. 133(7):jcs237057.
  • Männik J, Castillo DE, Yang D, Siopsis G, Männik J. 2016. The role of MatP, ZapA and ZapB in chromosomal organization and dynamics in Escherichia coli. Nucleic Acids Res. 44 (3):1216–1226.
  • Margolin W. 2005. FtsZ and the division of prokaryotic cells and organelles. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 6(11):862–871.
  • Maurya GK, Kota S, Kumar NN, Tewari R, Misra HS. 2019. ParA proteins of secondary genome elements cross-talk and regulate radioresistance through genome copy number reduction in Deinococcus radiodurans. Biochem J. 476(5):909–930.
  • Maurya GK, Modi K, Misra HS. 2016. Divisome and segrosome components of Deinococcus radiodurans interact through cell division regulatory proteins. Microbiology (Reading)). 162(8):1321–1334.
  • McPherson DC, Popham DL. 2003. Peptidoglycan synthesis in the absence of class A penicillin-binding proteins in Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol. 185(4):1423–1431.
  • Melzer ES, Sein CE, Chambers JJ, Sloan Siegrist M. 2018. DivIVA concentrates mycobacterial cell envelope assembly for initiation and stabilization of polar growth. Cytoskeleton (Hoboken)). 75(12):498–507.
  • Mercer KL, Weiss DS. 2002. The Escherichia coli cell division protein FtsW is required to recruit its cognate transpeptidase, FtsI (PBP3), to the division site. J Bacteriol. 184(4):904–912.
  • Mileykovskaya E, Dowhan W. 2000. Visualization of phospholipid domains in Escherichia coli by using the cardiolipin-specific fluorescent dye 10-N-nonyl acridine orange. J Bacteriol. 182(4):1172–1175.
  • Mileykovskaya E, Fishov I, Fu X, Corbin BD, Margolin W, Dowhan W. 2003. Effects of phospholipid composition on MinD-membrane interactions in vitro and in vivo. J Biol Chem. 278(25):22193–22198.
  • Misra HS, Maurya GK, Chaudhary R, Misra CS. 2018. Interdependence of bacterial cell division and genome segregation and its potential in drug development. Microbiol Res. 208:12–24.
  • Misra HS, Rajpurohit YS, Kota S. 2013. Physiological and molecular basis of extreme radioresistance in Deinococcus radiodurans. Curr Sci. 104:194–205.
  • Mizuuchi K, Vecchiarelli AG. 2018. Mechanistic insights of the Min oscillator via cell-free reconstitution and imaging. Phys Biol. 15(3):031001.
  • Modi KM, Misra HS. 2014. Dr-FtsA, an actin homologue in Deinococcus radiodurans differentially affects Dr-FtsZ and Ec-FtsZ functions in vitro. PLoS ONE. 9(12):e115918.
  • Modi KM, Tewari R, Misra HS. 2014. FtsZDr, a tubulin homologue in radioresistant bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans is characterized as a GTPase exhibiting polymerization/depolymerization dynamics in vitro and FtsZ ring formation in vivo. Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 50:38–46.
  • Muchová K, Chromiková Z, Barák I. 2013. Control of Bacillus subtilis cell shape by RodZ. Environ Microbiol. 15(12):3259–3271.
  • Mukhopadhyay R, Huang KC, Wingreen NS. 2008. Lipid localization in bacterial cells through curvature-mediated microphase separation. Biophys J. 95(3):1034–1049.
  • Mulder E, Woldringh CL. 1989. Actively replicating nucleoids influence positioning of division sites in Escherichia coli filaments forming cells lacking DNA. J Bacteriol. 171(8):4303–4314.
  • Murdock L, Burke T, Coumoundouros C, Culham DE, Deutch CE, Ellinger J, Kerr CH, Plater SM, To E, Wright G, et al. 2014. Analysis of strains lacking known osmolyte accumulation mechanisms reveals contributions of osmolytes and transporters to protection against abiotic stress. Appl Environ Microbiol. 80(17):5366–5378.
  • Murray T, Popham DL, Setlow P. 1997. Identification and characterization of pbpA encoding Bacillus subtilis penicillin-binding protein 2A. J Bacteriol. 179(9):3021–3029.
  • Ng WL, Tsui HCT, Winkler ME. 2005. Regulation of the pspA virulence factor and essential pcsB murein biosynthetic genes by the phosphorylated VicR (YycF) response regulator in Streptococcus pneumoniae. J Bacteriol. 187(21):7444–7459.
  • Ogino H, Teramoto H, Inui M, Yukawa H. 2008. DivS, a novel SOS-inducible cell-division suppressor in Corynebacterium glutamicum. Mol Microbiol. 67(3):597–608.
  • Oliva MA, Halbedel S, Freund SM, Dutow P, Leonard TA, Veprintsev DB, Hamoen LW, Löwe J. 2010. Features critical for membrane binding revealed by DivIVA crystal structure. Embo J. 29(12):1988–2001.
  • Ortiz C, Kureisaite-Ciziene D, Schmitz F, McLaughlin SH, Vicente M, Löwe J. 2015. Crystal structure of the Z-ring associated cell division protein ZapC from Escherichia coli. FEBS Lett. 589(24 Pt B):3822–3828.
  • Pang T, Wang X, Lim HC, Bernhardt TG, Rudner DZ. 2017. The nucleoid occlusion factor Noc controls DNA replication initiation in Staphylococcus aureus. PLoS Genet. 13(7):e1006908.
  • Park KT, Wu W, Battaile KP, Lovell S, Holyoak T, Lutkenhaus J. 2011. The Min oscillator uses MinD-dependent conformational changes in MinE to spatially regulate cytokinesis. Cell. 146(3):396–407.
  • Park KT, Wu W, Lovell S, Lutkenhaus J. 2012. Mechanism of the asymmetric activation of the MinD ATPase by MinE. Mol Microbiol. 85(2):271–281.
  • Patrick JE, Kearns DB. 2008. MinJ (YvjD) is a topological determinant of cell division in Bacillus subtilis. Mol Microbiol. 70(5):1166–1179.
  • Perez AJ, Cesbron Y, Shaw SL, Bazan Villicana J, Tsui H-CT, Boersma MJ, Ye ZA, Tovpeko Y, Dekker C, Holden S, et al. 2019. Movement dynamics of divisome proteins and PBP2x:FtsW in cells of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 116(8):3211–3220.
  • Pfeiffer D, Toro-Nahuelpan M, Bramkamp M, Plitzko JM, Schüler D. 2019. The polar organizing protein PopZ is fundamental for proper cell division and segregation of cellular content in Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense. mBio. 10(2):e02716–18.
  • Pichoff S, Lutkenhaus J. 2002. Unique and overlapping roles for ZipA and FtsA in septal ring assembly in Escherichia coli. Embo J. 21(4):685–693.
  • Pinho MG, Errington J. 2003. Dispersed mode of Staphylococcus aureus cell wall synthesis in the absence of the division machinery. Mol Microbiol. 50(3):871–881.
  • Pinho MG, Errington J. 2004. A divIVA null mutant of Staphylococcus aureus undergoes normal cell division. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 240(2):145–149.
  • Pinho MG, Kjos M, Veening JW. 2013. How to get (a)round: mechanisms controlling growth and division of coccoid bacteria. Nat Rev Microbiol. 11(9):601–614.
  • Pióro M, Małecki T, Portas M, Magierowska I, Trojanowski D, Sherratt D, Zakrzewska-Czerwińska J, Ginda K, Jakimowicz D. 2019. Competition between DivIVA and the nucleoid for ParA binding promotes segrosome separation and modulates mycobacterial cell elongation. Mol Microbiol. 111(1):204–220.
  • Ptacin JL, Lee SF, Garner EC, Toro E, Eckart M, Comolli LR, Moerner WE, Shapiro L. 2010. A spindle-like apparatus guides bacterial chromosome segregation. Nat Cell Biol. 12(8):791–798.
  • Ramamurthi KS, Clapham KR, Losick R. 2006. Peptide anchoring spore coat assembly to the outer forespore membrane in Bacillus subtilis. Mol Microbiol. 62(6):1547–1557.
  • Ramamurthi KS, Losick R. 2009. Negative membrane curvature as a cue for subcellular localization of a bacterial protein. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 106(32):13541–13545.
  • Ramm B, Heermann T, Schwille P. 2019. The E. coli MinCDE system in the regulation of protein patterns and gradients. Cell Mol Life Sci. 1:1–29.
  • Ramos A, Honrubia MP, Valbuena N, Vaquera J, Mateos LM, Gil JA. 2003. Involvement of DivIVA in the morphology of the rod-shaped actinomycete Brevibacterium lactofermentum. Microbiology (Reading)). 149(Pt 12):3531–3542.
  • Raskin DM, de Boer PA. 1999. Rapid pole-to-pole oscillation of a protein required for directing division to the middle of Escherichia coli. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 96(9):4971–4976.
  • Renner LD, Weibel DB. 2011. Cardiolipin microdomains localize to negatively curved regions of Escherichia coli membranes. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 108(15):6264–6269.
  • Renner LD, Weibel DB. 2012. MinD and MinE interact with anionic phospholipids and regulate division plane formation in Escherichia coli. J Biol Chem. 287(46):38835–38844.
  • Reyes-Lamothe R, Sherratt DJ. 2019. The bacterial cell cycle, chromosome inheritance and cell growth. Nat Rev Microbiol. 17(8):467–478.
  • Roach EJ, Wroblewski C, Seidel L, Berezuk AM, Brewer D, Kimber MS, Khursigara CM. 2016. Structure and mutational analyses of Escherichia coli ZapD reveal charged residues involved in FtsZ filament bundling. J Bacteriol. 198(11):1683–1693.
  • Roels ST, Driks AD, Losick RI. 1992. Characterization of spoIVA, a sporulation gene involved in coat morphogenesis in Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol. 174(2):575–585.
  • Rohs PDA, Buss J, Sim SI, Squyres GR, Srisuknimit V, Smith M, Cho H, Sjodt M, Kruse AC, Garner EC, et al. 2018. A central role for PBP2 in the activation of peptidoglycan polymerization by the bacterial cell elongation machinery. PLoS Genet. 14(10):e1007726.
  • Romantsov T, Helbig S, Culham DE, Gill C, Stalker L, Wood JM. 2007. Cardiolipin promotes polar localization of osmosensory transporter ProP in Escherichia coli. Mol Microbiol. 64(6):1455–1465.
  • Romantsov T, Stalker L, Culham DE, Wood JM. 2008. Cardiolipin controls the osmotic stress response and the subcellular location of transporter ProP in Escherichia coli. J Biol Chem. 283(18):12314–12323.
  • Romantsov T, Battle AR, Hendel JL, Martinac B, Wood JM. 2010. Protein localization in Escherichia coli cells: comparison of the cytoplasmic membrane proteins ProP, LacY, ProW, AqpZ, MscS, and MscL. J Bacteriol. 192(4):912–924.
  • Ruiz-Martínez Á, Bartol TM, Sejnowski TJ, Tartakovsky DM. 2018. Efficient models of polymerization applied to FtsZ ring assembly in Escherichia coli. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 115(19):4933–4938.
  • Santos TM, Lin TY, Rajendran M, Anderson SM, Weibel DB. 2014. Polar localization of Escherichia coli chemoreceptors requires an intact Tol-Pal complex. Mol Microbiol. 92(5):985–1004.
  • Scheffers DJ, Jones LJ, Errington J. 2004. Several distinct localization patterns for penicillin-binding proteins in Bacillus subtilis. Mol Microbiol. 51(3):749–764.
  • Scheffers DJ, Pinho MG. 2005. Bacterial cell wall synthesis: new insights from localization studies. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 69(4):585–607.
  • Schmidt KL, Peterson ND, Kustusch RJ, Wissel MC, Graham B, Phillips GJ, Weiss DS. 2004. A predicted ABC transporter, FtsEX, is needed for cell division in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 186(3):785–793.
  • Schofield WB, Lim HC, Jacobs‐Wagner C. 2010. Cell cycle coordination and regulation of bacterial chromosome segregation dynamics by polarly localized proteins. Embo J. 29(18):3068–3081.
  • Schumacher MA, Zeng W. 2016. Structures of the nucleoid occlusion protein SlmA bound to DNA and the C-terminal domain of the cytoskeletal protein FtsZ. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 113(18):4988–4993.
  • Shih YL, Zheng M. 2013. Spatial control of the cell division site by the Min system in Escherichia coli. Environ Microbiol. 15(12):3229–3239.
  • Siefert JL, Fox GE. 1998. Phylogenetic mapping of bacterial morphology. Microbiol. 144(10):2803–2808.
  • Singhi D, Srivastava P. 2020. How similar or dissimilar cells are produced by bacterial cell division? Biochimie. 176:71–84.
  • Söderström B, Badrutdinov A, Chan H, Skoglund U. 2018. Cell shape-independent FtsZ dynamics in synthetically remodeled bacterial cells. Nat Commun. 9(1):1–10.
  • Stahlberg H, Kutejová E, Muchová K, Gregorini M, Lustig A, Müller SA, Olivieri V, Engel A, Wilkinson AJ, Barák I. 2004. Oligomeric structure of the Bacillus subtilis cell division protein DivIVA determined by transmission electron microscopy. Mol Microbiol. 52(5):1281–1290.
  • Subramaniam AB, Lecuyer S, Ramamurthi KS, Losick R, Stone HA. 2010. Particle/fluid interface replication as a means of producing topographically patterned polydimethylsiloxane surfaces for deposition of lipid bilayers. Adv Mater. 22(19):2142–2147.
  • Swulius MT, Jensen GJ. 2012. The helical MreB cytoskeleton in Escherichia coli MC1000/pLE7 is an artifact of the N-Terminal yellow fluorescent protein tag. J Bacteriol. 194(23):6382–6386.
  • Szwedziak P, Ghosal D. 2017. FtsZ-ring architecture and its control by MinCD. Subcell Biochem. 84:213–244.
  • Taguchi A, Welsh MA, Marmont LS, Lee W, Sjodt M, Kruse AC, Kahne D, Bernhardt TG, Walker S. 2019. FtsW is a peptidoglycan polymerase that is functional only in complex with its cognate penicillin-binding protein. Nat Microbiol. 4(4):587–594.
  • Tavares JR, de Souza RF, Meira GLS, Gueiros-Filho FJ. 2008. Cytological characterization of YpsB, a novel component of the Bacillus subtilis divisome. J Bacteriol. 190(21):7096–7107.
  • Thanbichler M, Shapiro L. 2006. MipZ, a spatial regulator coordinating chromosome segregation with cell division in Caulobacter. Cell. 126(1):147–162.
  • Tocheva EI, Li Z, Jensen GJ. 2010. Electron cryotomography. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2(6):a003442.
  • Tomasz A. 2000. Streptococcus pneumoniae. molecular biology & mechanisms of disease.
  • Tonthat NK, Arold ST, Pickering BF, Van Dyke MW, Liang S, Lu Y, Beuria TK, Margolin W, Schumacher MA. 2011. Molecular mechanism by which the nucleoid occlusion factor, SlmA, keeps cytokinesis in check. Embo J. 30(1):154–164.
  • Tonthat NK, Milam SL, Chinnam N, Whitfill T, Margolin W, Schumacher MA. 2013. SlmA forms a higher-order structure on DNA that inhibits cytokinetic Z-ring formation over the nucleoid. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 110(26):10586–10591.
  • Toro E, Shapiro L. 2010. Bacterial chromosome organization and segregation Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol. 2(2):a000349.
  • Turner RD, Ratcliffe EC, Wheeler R, Golestanian R, Hobbs JK, Foster SJ. 2010. Peptidoglycan architecture can specify division planes in Staphylococcus aureus. Nat Commun. 1(1):9.
  • Typas A, Banzhaf M, Gross CA, Vollmer W. 2012. From the regulation of peptidoglycan synthesis to bacterial growth and morphology. Nat Rev Microbiol. 10(2):123–136.
  • Uehara T, Bernhardt TG. 2011. More than just lysins: peptidoglycan hydrolases tailor the cell wall. Curr Opin Microbiol. 14(6):698–703.
  • Valencikova R, Krascsenitsova E, Labajova N, Makroczyova J, Barak I. 2018. Clostridial DivIVA and MinD interact in the absence of MinJ. Anaerobe. 50:22–31.
  • van der Ploeg R, Verheul J, Vischer NOE, Alexeeva S, Hoogendoorn E, Postma M, Banzhaf M, Vollmer W, den Blaauwen T. 2013. Colocalization and interaction between elongasome and divisome during a preparative cell division phase in Escherichia coli. Mol Microbiol. 87(5):1074–1087.
  • Van Teeffelen S, Wang S, Furchtgott L, Huang KC, Wingreen NS, Shaevitz JW, Gitai Z. 2011. The bacterial actin MreB rotates, and rotation depends on cell-wall assembly. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 108(38):15822–15827.
  • Vedyaykin AD, Ponomareva EV, Khodorkovskii MA, Borchsenius SN, Vishnyakov IE. 2019. Mechanisms of Bacterial Cell Division. Microbiology. 88(3):245–260.
  • Veiga H, Jorge AM, Pinho MG. 2011. Absence of nucleoid occlusion effector Noc impairs formation of orthogonal FtsZ rings during Staphylococcus aureus cell division. Mol Microbiol. 80(5):1366–1380.
  • Vicente M, Löwe J. 2003. Ring, helix, sphere and cylinder: the basic geometry of prokaryotic cell division: workshop on manufacturing bacteria: design, production and assembly of cell division components. EMBO Rep. 4(7):655–660.
  • Villanelo F, Ordenes A, Brunet J, Lagos R, Monasterio O. 2011. A model for the Escherichia coli FtsB/FtsL/FtsQ cell division complex. BMC Struct Biol. 11(1):28.
  • Wagner JK, Setayeshgar S, Sharon LA, Reilly JP, Brun YV. 2006. A nutrient uptake role for bacterial cell envelope extensions. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 103(31):11772–11777.
  • Wagner-Herman JK, Bernard R, Dunne R, Bisson-Filho AW, Kumar K, Nguyen T, Mulcahy L, Koullias J, Gueiros-Filho FJ, Rudner DZ. 2012. RefZ facilitates the switch from medial to polar division during spore formation in Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol. 194(17):4608–4618.
  • Wang S, Furchtgott L, Huang KC, Shaevitz JW. 2012. Helical insertion of peptidoglycan produces chiral ordering of the bacterial cell wall. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA. 109(10):E595–E604.
  • Wehrens M, Ershov D, Rozendaal R, Walker N, Schultz D, Kishony R, Levin PA, Tans SJ. 2018. Size laws and division ring dynamics in filamentous Escherichia coli cells. Curr Biol. 28(6):972–979.
  • Weiss DS. 2004. Bacterial cell division and the septal ring. Mol Microbiol. 54(3):588–597.
  • White O, Eisen JA, Heidelberg JF, Hickey EK, Peterson JD, Dodson RJ, Haft DH, Gwinn ML, Nelson WC, Richardson DL, et al. 1999. Genome sequence of the radioresistant bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans R1. Science. 286(5444):1571–1579.
  • Wissel MC, Weiss DS. 2004. Genetic analysis of the cell division protein FtsI (PBP3): amino acid substitutions that impair septal localization of FtsI and recruitment of FtsN. J Bacteriol. 186(2):490–502.
  • Woldringh CL, Mulder E, Huls PG, Vischer N. 1991. Topo regulation of bacterial division according to the nucleoid occlusion model. Res Microbiol. 142(2-3):309–320.
  • Wu LJ, Errington J. 2004. Coordination of cell division and chromosome segregation by a nucleoid occlusion protein in Bacillus subtilis. Cell. 117(7):915–925.
  • Yang DC, Blair KM, Salama NR. 2016. Staying in shape: the impact of cell shape on bacterial survival in diverse environments. Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 80(1):187–203.
  • Yang DC, Peters NT, Parzych KR, Uehara T, Markovski M, Bernhardt TG. 2011. An ATP-binding cassette transporter-like complex governs cell-wall hydrolysis at the bacterial cytokinetic ring. Proc Nat Acad Sci. 108(45):E1052–E1060.
  • Yeh YC, Comolli LR, Downing KH, Shapiro L, McAdams HH. 2010. The Caulobacter Tol-Pal complex is essential for outer membrane integrity and the positioning of a polar localization factor. J Bacteriol. 192(19):4847–4858.
  • Young KD. 2007. Bacterial morphology: why have different shapes? Curr Opin Microbiol. 10(6):596–600.
  • Zahradka K, Slade D, Bailone A, Sommer S, Averbeck D, Petranovic M, Lindner AB, Radman M. 2006. Reassembly of shattered chromosomes in Deinococcus radiodurans. Nature. 443(7111):569–557.
  • Zhang T, Ellis GS, Wang KS, Walters CC, Kelemen SR, Gillaizeau B, Tang Y. 2007. Effect of hydrocarbon type on thermochemical sulfate reduction. Org Geochem. 38(6):897–910.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.