Visual Tailoring and Skin Cancer Prevention: Comparing Personalized, Stock, and Non-Ultraviolet Images

References

• Armitage, C. J., Norman, P., Alganem, S., & Conner, M. (2015). Expectations are more predictive of behavior than behavioral intentions: Evidence from two prospective studies. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 49(2), 239–246. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12160-014-9653-4
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aspinwall, L. G., Taber, J. M., Kohlmann, W., Leaf, S. L., & Leachman, S. A. (2014). Unaffected family members report improvements in daily routine sun protection 2 years following melanoma genetic testing. Genetics in Medicine, 16(11), 846–853. https://doi.org/10.1038/gim.2014.37
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Aue, T., Hoeppli, M.-E., & Piguet, C. (2012). The sensitivity of physiological measures to phobic and nonphobic fear intensity. Journal of Psychophysiology, 26(4), 154–167. https://doi.org/10.1027/0269-8803/a000078
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brinker, T. J., Schadendorf, D., Klode, J., Cosgarea, I., Rösch, A., Jansen, P., Stoffels, I., & Izar, B. (2017). Photoaging mobile apps as a novel opportunity for melanoma prevention: Pilot study. JMIR MHealth and UHealth, 5(7), e101. https://doi.org/10.2196/mhealth.8231
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cacioppo, J. T., Tassinary, L. G., & Berntson, G. (2007). Psychophysiological science: Interdisciplinary approaches to classic questions about the mind. In J. T. Cacioppo, L. G. Tassinary, & G. Berntson (Eds.), Handbook of psychophysiology (3rd ed., pp. 1–16). Cambridge University Press.
   Google Scholar
• Carrera, P., Muñoz, D., & Caballero, A. (2010). Mixed emotional appeals in emotional and danger control processes. Health Communication, 25(8), 726–736. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2010.521914
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• De Meulenaer, S., De Pelsmacker, P., & Dens, N. (2015). Have no fear: How individuals differing in uncertainty avoidance, anxiety, and chance belief process health risk messages. Journal of Advertising, 44(2), 114–125. https://doi.org/10.1080/00913367.2015.1018465
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dillard, J. P., Plotnick, C., Godbold, L. C., Freimuth, V. S., & Edgar, T. (1996). The multiple affective outcomes of AIDS PSAs. Communication Research, 23(1), 44–72. https://doi.org/10.1177/009365096023001002
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dillard, J. P., Li, R., Meczkowski, E., Yang, C., & Shen, L. (2016). Fear responses to threat appeals: Functional form, methodological considerations, and correspondence between static and dynamic data. Communication Research, 44(7), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650216631097
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A.-G., & Buchner, A. (2007). G*power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behavior Research Methods, 39(2), 175–191. https://doi.org/10.3758/bf03193146
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fulton, J. E. (1997). Utilizing the ultraviolet (UV detect) camera to enhance the appearance of photodamage and other skin conditions. Dermatologic Surgery, 23(3), 163–169. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1524-4725.1997.tb00013.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gamble, R. G., Asdigian, N. L., Aalborg, J., Gonzalez, V., Box, N. F., Huff, L. S., Baron, A. E., Morelli, J. G., Mokrohisky, S. T., Crane, L. A., & Dellavalle, R. P. (2012). Sun damage in ultraviolet photographs correlates with phenotypic melanoma risk factors in 12-year-old children. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 67(4), 587–597. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2011.11.922
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gandini, S., Sera, F., Cattaruzza, M. S., Pasquini, P., Picconi, O., Boyle, P., & Melchi, C. F. (2005). Meta-Analysis of risk factors for cutaneous melanoma: II. Sun exposure. European Journal of Cancer, 41(1), 45–60. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2004.10.016
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gibbons, F. X., Gerrard, M., Lane, D. J., Mahler, H. I. M., & Kulik, J. A. (2005). Using UV photography to reduce use of tanning booths: A test of cognitive mediation. Health Psychology, 24(4), 358–363. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-6133.24.4.358
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glanz, K., Schoenfeld, E., Weinstock, M. A., Layi, G., Kidd, J., & Shigaki, D. M. (2003). Development and reliability of a brief skin cancer risk assessment tool. Cancer Detection and Prevention, 27(4), 311–315. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0361-090X(03)00094-1
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Good, A., & Abraham, C. (2007). Measuring defensive responses to threatening messages: A meta-analysis of measures. Health Psychology Review, 1(2), 208–229. https://doi.org/10.1080/17437190802280889
   Google Scholar
• Hayes, A. F. (2017). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach (2nd ed.). Guilford Press.
   Google Scholar
• Jensen, J. D., King, A. J., Carcioppolo, N., & Davis, L. (2012). Why are tailored messages more effective? A multiple mediation analysis of a breast cancer screening intervention. The Journal of Communication, 62(5), 851–868. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.14602466.2012.01668.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jensen, J. D., King, A. J., Carcioppolo, N., Krakow, M., Samadder, N. J., & Morgan, S. (2014). Comparing tailored and narrative worksite interventions at increasing colonoscopy adherence in adults 50–75: A randomized controlled trial. Social Science & Medicine, 104, 31–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.12.003
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kessels, L. T. E., Ruiter, R. A. C., Brug, J., & Jansma, B. M. (2011). The effects of tailored and threatening nutrition information on message attention. Evidence from an event-related potential study. Appetite, 56(1), 32–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2010.11.139
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• King, A. J. (2015). A content analysis of visual cancer information: Prevalence and use of photographs and illustrations in printed health materials. Health Communication, 30(7), 722–731. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2013.878778
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Krebs, P., Prochaska, J. O., & Rossi, J. S. (2010). A meta-analysis of computer-tailored interventions for health behavior change. Preventive Medicine, 51(3–4), 214–221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2010.06.004
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kreuter, M., Farrell, D., Olevitch, L., & Brennan, L. (2000). Tailoring health messages: Customizing communication with computer technology. Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Kreuter, M. W., Oswald, D. L., Bull, F. C., & Clark, E. M. (2000). Are tailored health education materials always more effective than non-tailored materials? Health Education Research, 15(3), 305–315. https://doi.org/10.1093/her/15.3.305
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, S., & Lang, A. (2009). Discrete emotion and motivation: Relative activation in the appetitive and aversive motivational systems as a function of anger, sadness, fear, and joy during televised information campaigns. Media Psychology, 12(2), 148–170. https://doi.org/10.1080/15213260902849927
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mahler, H. I., Kulik, J. A., Gerrard, M., & Gibbons, F. X. (2007). Long-Term effects of appearance-based interventions on sun protection behaviors. Health Psychology, 26(3), 350–360. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-6133.26.3.350
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mahler, H. I., Kulik, J. A., Gerrard, M., & Gibbons, F. X. (2013). Effects of photoaging information and UV photo on sun protection intentions and behaviours: A cross-regional comparison. Psychology & Health, 28(9), 1009–1031. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2013.777966
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mahler, H. I. (2014). The role of emotions in UV protection intentions and behaviors. Psychology, Health & Medicine, 19(3), 344–354. https://doi.org/10.1080/13548506.2013.802359
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mahler, H. I. (2015). Interventions to promote sun protection behaviors: What do we know about the efficacy of health‐ and appearance‐based messages and the role of cognitions and emotions? Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 9(5), 238–251. https://doi.org/10.1111/spc3.12173
   Google Scholar
• Mahler, H. I. (2018). The relative role of cognitive and emotional reactions in mediating the effects of a social comparison sun protection intervention. Psychology & Health, 33(2), 235–257. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2017.1310860
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Maloney, E. K., Lapinski, M. K., & Witte, K. (2011). Fear appeals and persuasion: A review and update of the extended parallel process model. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 5(4), 206–219. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-9004.2011.00341.x
   Google Scholar
• Mays, D., & Zhao, X. (2016). The influence of framed messages and self-affirmation on indoor tanning behavioral intentions among 18 to 30 year old women. Health Psychology, 35(2), 123–130. https://doi.org/10.1037/hea0000253
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morris, K. L., Cooper, D. P., Goldenberg, J. L., Arndt, J., & Gibbons, F. X. (2014). Improving the efficacy of appearance-based sun exposure interventions with the terror management health model. Psychology & Health, 29(11), 1245–1264. https://doi.org/10.1080/08870446.2014.922184
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moser, R. P., Mccaul, K., Peters, E., Nelson, W., & Marcus, S. E. (2007). Associations of perceived risk and worry with cancer health-protective actions. Journal of Health Psychology, 12(1), 53–65. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105307071735
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nabi, R. L., & Myrick, J. G. (2018). Uplifting fear appeals: Considering the role of hope in fear-based persuasive messages. Health Communication, 34(4), 463–474. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2017.1422847
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Narayanan, D. L., Saladi, R. N., & Fox, J. L. (2010). Ultraviolet radiation and skin cancer. International Journal of Dermatology, 49(9), 978–986. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-4632.2010.04474.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• National Cancer Institute. (2016, September 8). Skin cancer prevention (PDQ®) – Patient version. Retrieved May 25, 2017, from https://www.cancer.gov/types/skin/patient/skin-prevention-pdq#section/_16
   Google Scholar
• Nguyen, M. H., van Weert, J. C. M., Bol, N., Loos, E. F., Tytgat, K. M. A. J., van de Ven, A. W. H., & Smets, E. M. A. (2017). Tailoring the mode of information presentation: Effects on younger and older adults’ attention and recall of online information. Human Communication Research, 43(1), 102–126. https://doi.org/10.1111/hcre.12097
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nguyen, M. H., Smets, E., Bol, N., Loos, E. F., & van Weert, J. C. M. (2018). How tailoring the mode of information presentation influences younger and older adults’ satisfaction with health websites. Journal of Health Communication, 23(2), 170–180. https://doi.org/10.1080/10810730.2017.1421729
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Noar, S. M., Benac, C. N., & Harris, M. S. (2007). Does tailoring matter? Meta-analytic review of tailored print health behavior change interventions. Psychological Bulletin, 133(4), 673–693. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.133.4.673
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ordoñana, J. R., González-Javier, F., Espín-López, L., & Gómez-Amor, J. (2009). Self-Report and psychophysiological responses to fear appeals. Human Communication Research, 35(2), 195–220. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.2009.01344.x
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pokharel, M., Christy, K. R., Jensen, J. D., Giorgi, E., John, K. K., & Wu, Y. P. (2019). Do ultraviolet photos increase sun safe behavior expectations via fear? A randomized controlled trial in a sample of U.S. adults. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 42(3), 401–422. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-018-9997-5
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Popova, L. (2012). The extended parallel process model: Illuminating the gaps in research. Health Education & Behavior, 39(4), 455–473. https://doi.org/10.1177/1090198111418108
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2008). Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behavior Research Methods, 40(3), 879–891. https://doi.org/10.3758/BRM.40.3.879
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Presti, L. L., Chang, P., & Taylor, M. F. (2014). Young Australian adults’ reactions to viewing personalised UV photoaged photographs. The Australasian Medical Journal, 7(11), 454–461. https://doi.org/10.4066/AMJ.2014.2253
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Scholes, D., McBride, C. M., Grothaus, L., Civic, D., Ichikawa, L. E., Fish, L. J., & Yarnall, K. S. (2003). A tailored minimal self-help intervention to promote condom use in young women: Results from a randomized trial. AIDS, 17(10), 1547–1556. https://doi.org/10.1097/00002030-200307040-00016
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siegel, R. L., Miller, K. D., & Jemal, A. (2017). Cancer statistics, 2017. CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 67(1), 7–30. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21387
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• So, J. (2013). A further extension of the extended parallel process model (E-EPPM): Implications of cognitive appraisal theory of emotion and dispositional coping style. Health Communication, 28(1), 72–83. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2012.708633
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• So, J., Kuang, K., & Cho, H. (2016). Reexamining fear appeal models from cognitive appraisal theory and functional emotion theory perspectives. Communication Monographs, 83(1), 120–144. https://doi.org/10.1080/03637751.2015.1044257
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stock, M. L., Gerrard, M., Gibbons, F. X., Dykstra, J. L., Weng, C.-Y., Mahler, H. I., Walsh, L. A., & Kulik, J. A. (2010). Sun protection intervention for highway workers: Long-term efficacy of UV photography and skin cancer information on men’s protective cognitions and behavior. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 39(1), 100. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12160-010-9179-3
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Walsh, L. A., & Stock, M. L. (2012). UV photography, masculinity, and college men’s sun protection cognitions. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 35(4), 431–442. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10865-011-9372-2
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weidman, A. C., Steckler, C. M., & Tracy, J. L. (2017). The jingle and jangle of emotion assessment: Imprecise measurement, casual scale usage, and conceptual fuzziness in emotion research. Emotion, 17(2), 267–295. https://doi.org/10.1037/emo0000226
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Weinstein, N. D., Kwitel, A., McCaul, K. D., Magnan, R. E., Gerrard, M., & Gibbons, F. X. (2007). Risk perceptions: Assessment and relationship to influenza vaccination. Health Psychology, 26(2), 146–151. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-6133.26.2.146
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• White, V., Webster, B., & Wakefield, M. (2008). Do graphic health warning labels have an impact on adolescents’ smoking-related beliefs and behaviours? Addiction, 103(9), 1562–1571. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2008.02294.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williams, A. L., Grogan, S., Clark-Carter, D., & Buckley, E. (2013). Appearance‐Based interventions to reduce ultraviolet exposure and/or increase sun protection intentions and behaviours: A systematic review and meta-analyses. British Journal of Health Psychology, 18(1), 182–217. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8287.2012.02089.x
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Witte, K. (1992). Putting the fear back into fear appeals: The extended parallel process model. Communication Monographs, 59(4), 329–349. https://doi.org/10.1080/03637759209376276
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Witte, K. (1994). Fear control and danger control: A test of the extended parallel process model (EPPM). Communication Monographs, 61(2), 113–134. https://doi.org/10.1080/03637759409376328
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Witte, K. (2000). EPPM: Examples of items. Retrieved November 29, 2018, from https://msu.edu/*wittek/scale.htm
   Google Scholar
• Wu, Y. P., Parsons, B. G., Nagelhout, E., Haaland, B., Jensen, J., Zaugg, K., Caputo, H., Lensink, R., Harding, G., Yancey, J., Klein, S. Z., Leachman, S. A., & Tercyak, K. P. (2019). A four-group experiment to improve Western high school students’ sun protection behaviors. Translational Behavioral Medicine, 9(3), 468–479. https://doi.org/10.1093/tbm/ibz021
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar