1,501
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Youth Perspectives on the Effects of a Family-centered Media Literacy Intervention to Encourage Healthier Eating

ORCID Icon, , , , &

References

  • Austin, E. W., Austin, B. W., French, B. F., & Cohen, M. A. (2018). The effects of a nutrition media literacy intervention on parents’ and youths’ communication about food. Journal of Health Communication, 23(2), 190–199. https://doi.org/10.1080/10810730.2018.1423649
  • Austin, E. W., Austin, B. W., & Kaiser, C. (2020a). Effects of family-centered media literacy training on family nutrition outcomes. Prevention Science, 21(3), 308–318. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-020-01101-x
  • Austin, E. W., Austin, B., Kaiser, C. K., Edwards, Z., Parker, L., & Power, T. G. (2020b). A media literacy-based nutrition program fosters parent–child food marketing discussions, improves home food environment, and youth consumption of fruits and vegetables. Childhood Obesity, 16(S1), S-33. https://doi.org/10.1089/chi.2019.0240
  • Austin, E. W., Borah, P., & Domgaard, S. (2021). COVID-19 disinformation and political engagement among communities of color: The role of media literacy. Harvard Kennedy School (HKS) Misinformation Review, 1, 7. https://doi.org/10.37016/mr-2020-58
  • Austin E. W., Cohen M., Deen M. K., Parker L., Power T., Barale K., Brandt B., Brown S., Cummins M., Fees J., Scanga L. H., Varrella G., Viebrock M., Kistler M., Johnson B., Adler C., Hua V., Austin B. W., Edwards Z., Kallman D., Kaiser C. K., & Stefani W. (2017). FoodMania! Curriculum Project. Pullman, WA: Washington State University. https://els2.comotion.uw.edu/product/foodmania-curriculum
  • Austin, E. W., & Johnson, K. K. (1997). Immediate and delayed effects of media literacy training on third grader’s decision making for alcohol. Health Communication, 9(4), 323–349. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327027hc0904_3
  • Austin, E. W., Miller, A. C. R., Silva, J., Guerra, P., Geisler, N., Gamboa, L., Phakakayai, O., & Kuechle, B. (2002). The effects of increased cognitive involvement on college students’ interpretations of magazine advertisements for alcohol. Communication Research, 29(2), 155–179. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650202029002003
  • Austin, E. W., Muldrow, A., & Austin, B. W. (2016). Examining how media literacy and personality factors predict skepticism toward alcohol advertising. Journal of Health Communication, 21(5), 600–609. https://doi.org/10.1080/10810730.2016.1153761
  • Austin, E. W., Pinkleton, B. E., Chen, Y., & Austin, B. W. (2015). Processing of sexual media messages improves due to media literacy effects on perceived message desirability. Mass Communication and Society, 18(4), 399–421. https://doi.org/10.1080/15205436.2014.1001909
  • Austin, E. W., Pinkleton, B. E., & Fujioka, Y. (2000). The role of interpretation processes and parental discussion in the media’s effects on adolescents’ use of alcohol. Pediatrics, 105(2), 343–349. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.105.2.343
  • Austin, E. W., Pinkleton, B. E., & Funabiki, R. P. (2007). The desirability paradox in the effects of media literacy training. Communication Research, 34(5), 483–506. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650207305233
  • Baker, F. (2020, March 26). Why media literacy matters in science class. Middle Web. https://www.middleweb.com/42576/why-media-literacy-matters-in-science-class/
  • Baxter, S. D., Smith, A. F., Litaker, M. S., Guinn, C. H., Shaffer, N. M., Baglio, M. L., & Frye, F. H. A. (2004). Recency affects reporting accuracy of children’s dietary recalls. Annals of Epidemiology, 14(6), 385–390. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annepidem.2003.07.003
  • Boaz, A., Robert, G., Locock, L., Sturmey, G., Gager, M., Vougioukalou, S., Ziebland, S., Fielden, J., McDermottand, M., & Anne Reff Pedersen, A. (2016). What patients do and their impact on implementation: An ethnographic study of participatory quality improvement projects in English acute hospitals. Journal of Health Organization and Management, 30(2), 258–278. https://doi.org/10.1108/JHOM-02-2015-0027
  • Boonpleng, W., Park, C. G., Gallo, A. M., Corte, C., McCreary, L., & Bergren, M. D. (2013). Ecological influences of early childhood obesity: A multilevel analysis. Western Journal of Nursing Research, 35(6), 742–759. https://doi.org/10.1177/0193945913480275
  • Boyland, E. J., & Halford, J. C. (2013). Television advertising and branding. Effects on eating behaviour and food preferences in children. Appetite, 62, 236–241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2012.01.032
  • Brown, A. L. (1997). Transforming schools into communities of thinking and learning about serious matters. The American Psychologist, 52(4), 399–413. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.52.4.399
  • Brown, A. L., & DeLoache, J. S. (1988). Metacognitive skills. In K. Richardson & S. Sheldon (Eds.), Cognitive development to adolescence: A reader (pp. 139–150). Lawrence Erlbaum.
  • Buijzen, M. (2009). The effectiveness of parental communication in modifying the relation between food advertising and children’s consumption behaviour. The British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 27(1), 105–121. https://doi.org/10.1348/026151008X334719
  • Calvert, S. L. (2008). Children as consumers: Advertising and marketing. The Future of Children, 18(1), 205–234. https://doi.org/10.1353/foc.0.0001
  • Campbell, A. (2008). For their own good: Recruiting children for research. Childhood, 15(1), 30–49. https://doi.org/10.1177/0907568207086834
  • Carter, O. B., Patterson, L. J., Donovan, R. J., Ewing, M. T., & Roberts, C. M. (2011). Children’s understanding of the selling versus persuasive intent of junk food advertising: Implications for regulation. Social Science & Medicine, 72(6), 962–968. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.01.018
  • Clarke, S. (2015). A “Child’s rights perspective”: The “right” of children and young people to participate in health care research. Issues in Comprehensive Pediatric Nursing, 38(3), 161–180. https://doi.org/10.3109/01460862.2015.1042171
  • Crespo, C. J., Smit, E., Troiano, R. P., Bartlett, S. J., Macera, C. A., & Andersen, R. E. (2001). Television watching, energy intake, and obesity in US children: Results from the third national health and nutrition examination survey, 1988-1994. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 155(3), 360–365. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.155.3.360
  • Daly, W. (2009). “Adding their flavour to the mix”: Involving children and young people in care in research design. Australian Social Work, 62(4), 460–475. https://doi.org/10.1080/03124070903265732
  • Dumontheil, I. (2014). Development of abstract thinking during childhood and adolescence: The role of rostrolateral prefrontal cortex. Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience, 10, 57–76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcn.2014.07.009
  • Duran, R. L., Yousman, B., Walsh, K. M., & Longshore, M. A. (2008). Holistic media education: An assessment of the effectiveness of a college course in media literacy. Communication Quarterly, 56(1), 49–68. https://doi.org/10.1080/01463370701839198
  • East, P., Delker, E., Blanco, E., Burrows, R., Lozoff, B., & Gahagan, S. (2019). Home and family environment related to development of obesity: A 21-year longitudinal study. Childhood Obesity, 15(3), 156–166. https://doi.org/10.1089/chi.2018.0222
  • Eccles, J. S., Buchanan, C. M., Flanagan, C., Fuligni, A., Midgley, C., & Yee, D. (1991). Control versus autonomy during early adolescence. The Journal of Social Issues, 47(4), 53–68. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.1991.tb01834.x
  • Erikson, E. E. (1959). Identity and the life cycle. International Universities Press.
  • Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, NIH, DHHS. (2013). Media-smart youth upgraded: Eat, think, and be active facilitator’s packet. U.S. Government Printing Office.
  • Evans, A. E., Dave, J., Tanner, A., Duhe, S., Condrasky, M., Wilson, D., Griffin, S., Palmer, M., & Evans, M. (2006). Changing the home nutrition environment: Effects of a nutrition and media literacy pilot intervention. Family & Community Health, 29(1), 43–54. https://doi.org/10.1097/00003727-200601000-00006
  • Finney, S. J., & DiStefano, C. (2006). Non-normal and categorical data in structural equation modelling. In G. R. Hancock & R. O. Muller (Eds.), Structural equation modelling: A second course (pp. 269–314). Information Age Publishing.
  • Folta, S. C., Goldberg, J. P., Economos, C., Bell, R., & Meltzer, R. (2006). Food advertising targeted at school-age children: A content analysis. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 38(4), 244–248. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2006.04.146
  • Fujioka, Y., & Austin, E. W. (2003). The implications of vantage point in parental mediation of television and child’s attitudes toward drinking alcohol. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 47(3), 418–434. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15506878jobem4703_6
  • Gauffroy, C., & Barrouillet, P. (2011). The primacy of thinking about possibilities in the development of reasoning. Developmental Psychology, 47(4), 100–1011. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0023269
  • Goris, J. M., Petersen, S., Stamatakis, E., & Veerman, J. L. (2010). Television food advertising and the prevalence of childhood overweight and obesity: A multicountry comparison. Public Health Nutrition, 13(7), 1003–1012. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980009992850
  • Grohs, R., Wagner, U., & Steiner, R. (2012). An investigation of children’s ability to identify sponsors and understand sponsorship intentions. Psychology & Marketing, 29(11), 907–917. https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.20573
  • Harris, J. L., Brownell, K. D., & Bargh, J. A. (2009). The food marketing defense model: Integrating psychological research to protect youth and inform public policy. Social Issues and Policy Review, 3(1), 211–271. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1751-2409.2009.01015.x
  • Henry, H. K., & Borzekowski, D. L. (2011). The nag factor: A mixed-methodology study in the US of young children’s requests for advertised products. Journal of Children and Media, 5(3), 298–317. https://doi.org/10.1080/17482798.2011.584380
  • Hill, M. (2006). Children’s voices on ways of having a voice: Children’s and young people’s perspectives on methods used in research and consultation. Childhood, 13(1), 69–89. https://doi.org/10.1177/0907568206059972
  • Hindin, T. J., Contento, I. R., & Gussow, J. D. (2004). A media literacy nutrition education curriculum for Head Start parents about the effects of television advertising on their children’s food requests. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 104(2), 192–198. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2003.11.006
  • Hingle, M. D., O’Connor, T. M., Dave, J. M., & Baranowski, T. (2010). Parental involvement in interventions to improve child dietary intake: A systematic review. Preventive Medicine, 51(2), 103–111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ypmed.2010.04.014
  • Hoelscher, D., Day, R., Kelder, S., & Ward, J. (2003). Reproducibility and validity of the secondary level school-based nutrition monitoring student questionnaire. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 103(2), 186–194. https://doi.org/10.1053/jada.2003.50031
  • Hoyle, R. H. (1995). Structural equation modeling: Concepts, issues, and applications. Sage Publications.
  • Hu, L. T., & Bentler, P. M. (1999). Cutoff criteria for fit indexes in covariance structure analysis: Conventional criteria versus new alternatives. Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 6(1), 1–55. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705519909540118
  • Hwang, Y., Yum, J. Y., & Jeong, S. H. (2018). What components should be included in advertising literacy education? Effect of component types and the moderating role of age. Journal of Advertising, 47(4), 347–361. https://doi.org/10.1080/00913367.2018.1546628
  • Inhelder, B., & Piaget, J. (1958). Growth of logical thinking from childhood to adolescence: An essay on the construction of formal operational structures. Basic Books. https://doi.org/10.1037/10034-000
  • Jacks, J. Z., & Devine, P. G. (2000). Attitude importance, forewarning of message content, and resistance to persuasion. Basic and Applied Social Psychology, 22(1), 19–29. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15324834BASP2201_3
  • Jeong, S. H., Cho, H., & Hwang, Y. (2012). Media literacy interventions: A meta-analytic review. The Journal of Communication, 62(3), 454–472. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2012.01643.x
  • Kaiser, I., Mayer, J., & Malai, D. (2018). Self-generation in the context of inquiry-based learning. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 2440. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02440
  • Kitzman-Ulrich, H., Wilson, D., George, S., Lawman, H., Segal, M., & Fairchild, A. (2010). The integration of a family systems approach for understanding youth obesity, physical activity, and dietary programs. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review, 13(3), 231–253. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-010-0073-0
  • Koepke, S., & Denissen, J. J. A. (2012). Dynamics of identity development and separation-individuation in parent-child relationships during adolescence and emerging adulthood—a conceptual integration. Developmental Review, 32(1), 67–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dr.2012.01.001
  • Kolodziejczyk, J. K., Merchant, G., & Norman, G. J. (2012). Reliability and validity of child/adolescent food frequency questionnaires that assess foods and/or food groups. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, 55(1), 4–13. https://doi.org/10.1097/MPG.0b013e318251550e
  • Koonce, J. (2017). The roles of digital literacies and critical literacy for black adolescent females. Journal of Literacy and Technology, 18(1), 80–104. http://www.literacyandtechnology.org/uploads/1/3/6/8/136889/jlt_v18_1_koonce.pdf
  • Kupersmidt, J. B., Scull, T. M., & Austin, E. W. (2010). Media literacy education for elementary school substance use prevention: Study of media detective. Pediatrics, 126(3), 525–531. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2010-0068
  • Lachat, C., Nago, E., Verstraeten, R., Roberfroid, D., Van Camp, J., & Kolsteren, P. (2012). Eating out of home and its association with dietary intake: A systematic review of the evidence. Obesity Reviews, 13(4), 329–346. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-789X.2011.00953.x
  • Lagattuta, K. H., Nucci, L., & Bosacki, S. L. (2010). Bridging theory of mind and the personal domain: Children’s reasoning about resistance to parental control. Child Development, 81(2), 616–635. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2009.01419.x
  • Lam, C. B., McHale, S. M., & Crouter, A. C. (2014). Time with peers from middle childhood to late adolescence: Developmental course and adjustment correlates. Child Development, 85(4), 1677–1693. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12235
  • Lapierre, M. A. (2015). Development and persuasion understanding: Predicting knowledge of persuasion/selling intent from children’s theory of mind. The Journal of Communication, 65(3), 423–442. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcom.12155
  • Lapierre, M. A. (2019). Advertising literacy and executive function: Testing their influence on children’s consumer behavior. Media Psychology, 22(1), 39–59. https://doi.org/10.1080/15213269.2017.1345638
  • Larsson, I., Staland-Nyman, C., Svedberg, P., Nygren, J. M., & Carlsson, M. (2018). Children and young people’s participation in developing interventions in health and well-being: A scoping review. BMC Health Services Research, 18(1), 507. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-018-3219-2
  • Levy, R., & Choi, J. (2013). Bayesian structural equation modeling. In G. R. Hancock & R. O. Muller (Eds.), Structural equation modeling: A second course (2nd ed., pp. 563–623). Information Age Publishing.
  • Linn, S., & Novosat, C. L. (2008). Calories for sale: Food marketing to children in the twenty-first century. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 615(1), 133–155. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716207308487
  • Little, T. D., Preacher, K. J., Selig, J. P., & Card, N. A. (2007). New developments in latent variable panel analyses of longitudinal data. International Journal of Behavioral Development, 31(4), 357–365. https://doi.org/10.1177/0165025407077757
  • MacKinnon, D. (2012). Introduction to statistical mediation analysis. Routledge.
  • Maniccia, D. M., Davison, K. K., Marshall, S. J., Manganello, J. A., & Dennison, B. A. (2011). A meta-analysis of interventions that target children’s screen time for reduction. Pediatrics, 128(1), e193–210. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2010-2353
  • Marsh, S., Mhurchu, C. N., & Maddison, R. (2013). The non-advertising effects of screen-based sedentary activities on acute eating behaviours in children, adolescents, and young adults. A systematic review. Appetite, 71, 259–273. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2013.08.017
  • McClune, B., & Jarman, R. (2010). Critical reading of science‐based news reports: Establishing a knowledge, skills and attitudes framework. International Journal of Science Education, 32(6), 727–752. https://doi.org/10.1080/09500690902777402
  • McKinnon, R. A., Reedy, J., Berrigan, D., & Krebs-Smith, S. M. (2012). The National Collaborative on Childhood Obesity Research catalogue of surveillance systems and measures registry. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 42(4), 433–435. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amepre.2012.01.004
  • Media Literacy Now. (2020). U.S. media literacy policy report 2020. https://medialiteracynow.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/U.S.-Media-Literacy-Policy-Report-2020.pdf
  • Mills, C. M., & Keil, F. C. (2004). Knowing the limit of one’s understanding: The development of an awareness of an illusion of explanatory depth. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 87(1), 1–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jecp.2003.09.003
  • Minges, K. E., Owen, N., Salmon, J., Chao, A., Dunstan, D. W., & Whittemore, R. (2015). Reducing youth screen time: Qualitative metasynthesis of findings on barriers and facilitators. Health Psychology, 34(4), 381. https://doi.org/10.1037/hea0000172
  • Molgaard, V., & Spoth, R. (2001). The strengthening families program for young adolescents: Overview and outcomes. Residential Treatment for Children & Youth, 18(3), 15–29. https://doi.org/10.1300/J007v18n03_03
  • Moses, L. J., & Baldwin, D. A. (2005). What can the study of cognitive development reveal about children’s ability to appreciate and cope with advertising? Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, 24(2), 186–201. https://doi.org/10.1509/jppm.2005.24.2.186
  • Moules, T., & O’Brien, N. (2012). Participation in perspective: Reflections from research projects. Nurse Researcher, 19(2), 17–22. https://doi.org/10.7748/nr2012.01.19.2.17.c8904
  • Muthén, L. K., & Muthén, B. O. (2017). Mplus user’s guide (8th ed.). Muthén & Muthén.
  • Muthén, B. O., & Satorra, A. (1995). Complex sample data in structural equation modeling. Sociological Methodology, 25, 267–316. https://doi.org/10.2307/271070
  • Nathanson, A. I. (2004). Factual and evaluative approaches to modifying children’s responses to violent television. The Journal of Communication, 54(2), 321–336. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2004.tb02631.x
  • National Center for Education Statistics. (2000). The National Assessment of College Student Learning: Identification of the skills to be taught, learned, and assessed (A report on the proceedings of the study design workshop. Research and development report). U.S. Government Printing Office.
  • Olson, S., Parker, L., & Breiner, H. (Eds.). (2013). Challenges and opportunities for change in food marketing to children and youth: Workshop summary. National Academies Press.
  • Penkilo, M., George, G. C., & Hoelscher, D. M. (2008). Reproducibility of the school-based nutrition monitoring questionnaire among fourth-grade students in Texas. Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 40(1), 20–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2007.04.375
  • Pinkleton, B. E., Austin, E. W., Chen, Y., & Cohen, M. (2013). Assessing effects of a media literacy-based intervention on U.S. adolescents’ responses to and interpretations of sexual media messages. Journal of Children and Media, 7, 1748–2801. https://doi.org/10.1080/17482798.2013.781512
  • Poti, J. M., & Popkin, B. M. (2011). Trends in energy intake among US children by eating location and food source, 1977–2006. Journal of the American Dietary Association, 111(8), 1156–1164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jada.2011.05.007
  • Powell, L. M., Schermbeck, R. M., & Chaloupka, F. J. (2013). Nutritional content of food and beverage products in television advertisements seen on children’s programming. Childhood Obesity, 9(6), 524–531. https://doi.org/10.1089/chi.2013.0072
  • Powell, M. A., & Smith, A. B. (2009). Children’s participation rights in research. Childhood, 16(1), 124–142. https://doi.org/10.1177/0907568208101694
  • Ragelienė, T., & Grønhøj, A. (2020). The influence of peers′ and siblings′ on children’s and adolescents′ healthy eating behavior. A systematic literature review. Appetite, 148, 104592. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.appet.2020.104592
  • Reicks, M., Davey, C., Anderson, A. K., Banna, J., Cluskey, M., Gunther, C., Jones, B., Richards, R., Topham, G., & Wong, S. S. (2019). Frequency of eating alone is associated with adolescent dietary intake, perceived food-related parenting practices and weight status: Cross-sectional Family Life, Activity, Sun, Health, and Eating (FLASHE) study results. Public Health Nutrition, 22(9), 1555–1556. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980019000107
  • Rhee, K. E. (2008). Childhood overweight and the relationship between parent behaviors, parenting style, and family functioning. The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 615(1), 11–37. https://doi.org/10.1177/0002716207308400
  • Rozendaal, E., Buijzen, M., & Valkenburg, P. (2010). Comparing children’s and adults’ cognitive advertising competences in the Netherlands. Journal of Children and Media, 4(1), 77–89. https://doi.org/10.1080/17482790903407333
  • Rozendaal, E., Lapierre, M. A., van Reijmersdal, E. A., & Buijzen, M. (2011). Reconsidering advertising literacy as a defense against advertising effects. Media Psychology, 14(4), 333–354. https://doi.org/10.1080/15213269.2011.620540
  • Ryder, J. (2001). Identifying science understanding for functional scientific literacy. Studies in Science Education, 36(1), 1–44. https://doi.org/10.1080/03057260108560166
  • Sagarin, B. J., Cialdini, R. B., Rice, W. E., & Serna, S. B. (2002). Dispelling the illusion of invulnerability: The motivations and mechanisms of resistance to persuasion. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 83(3), 526. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.83.3.526
  • Salsberg, J., Parry, D., Pluye, P., Macridis, S., Herbert, C. P., & Macaulay, A. C. (2015). Successful strategies to engage research partners for translating evidence into action in community health: A critical review. Journal of Environmental and Public Health, 2015, 191856. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/191856
  • Satorra, A., & Bentler, P. M. (1994). Corrections to test statistics and standard errors in covariance structure analysis. In A. von Eye & C. C. Clogg (Eds.), Latent variables analysis: Applications for developmental research (pp. 399–419). Sage Publications.
  • Shier, V., Nicosia, N., & Datar, A. (2016). Neighborhood and home food environment and children’s diet and obesity: Evidence from military personnel’s installation assignment. Social Science & Medicine, 158, 122–131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2016.03.043
  • Smetana, J. G., & Asquith, P. (1994). Adolescents’ and parents’ conceptions of parental authority and personal autonomy. Child Development, 65(4), 1147–1162. https://doi.org/10.2307/1131311
  • Smith, J. D., Montano, Z., Dishion, T. J., Shaw, D. S., & Wilson, M. N. (2015). Preventing weight gain and obesity: Indirect effects of the family check-up in early childhood. Prevention Science, 16(3), 408–419. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-014-0505-z
  • Springer, A. E., Kelder, S. H., Byrd-Williams, C. E., Pasch, K. E., Ranjit, N., Delk, J. E., & Hoelscher, D. M. (2013). Promoting energy-balance behaviors among ethnically diverse adolescents: Overview and baseline findings of the Central Texas Catch middle school project. Health Education & Behavior, 40(5), 559–570. https://doi.org/10.1177/1090198112459516
  • Steinberg, L., & Silk, J. S. (2002). Parenting adolescents. In M. H. Bornstein (Ed.), Handbook of parenting (2nd ed., pp. 103–134). Erlbaum.
  • Strasburger, V. C. (2011). Children, adolescents, obesity, and the media. Pediatrics, 128(1), 201–208. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2011-1066
  • Tahir, M. J., Willett, W., & Forman, M. R. (2018). The association of television viewing in childhood with overweight and obesity throughout the life course. American Journal of Epidemiology, 188(2), 282–293. https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwy236
  • Unicef. (1989). Convention on the rights of the child. https://www.unicef.org/child-rights-convention
  • van de Schoot, R., Broere, J. J., Perryck, K. H., Zondervan Zwijnenburg, M., & Van Loey, N. E. (2015). Analyzing small data sets using Bayesian estimation: The case of posttraumatic stress symptoms following mechanical ventilation in burn survivors. European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 6(1), 25216. https://doi.org/10.3402/ejpt.v6.25216
  • Weil, L. G., Fleming, S. M., Dumontheil, I., Kilford, E. J., Weil, R. S., Rees, G., Dolan, R. J., & Blakemore, S. (2013). The development of metacognitive ability in adolescence. Consciousness and Cognition, 22(1), 264–271. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2013.01.004
  • Wood, D., Bruner, J. S., & Ross, G. (1976). The role of tutoring in problem solving. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 17(2), 89–100. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7610.1976.tb00381.x
  • Wootan, M. G., Almy, J., Ugalde, M., & Kaminski, M. (2019). How do nutrition guidelines compare for industry to market food and beverage products to children? World Health Organization nutrient profile standards versus the U.S. children’s food and beverage advertising initiative. Childhood Obesity, 15(3), 194–199. https://doi.org/10.1089/chi.2018.0256
  • Xie, X., Gai, X., & Zhou, Y. (2019). A meta-analysis of media literacy interventions for deviant behaviors. Computers & Education, 139, 146–156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2019.05.008
  • Yee, A. Z., Lwin, M. O., & Ho, S. S. (2017). The influence of parental practices on child promotive and preventive food consumption behaviors: A systematic review and meta-analysis. The International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity, 14(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12966-017-0501-3
  • Zimmerman, F. J., & Bell, J. F. (2010). Associations of television content type and obesity in children. American Journal of Public Health, 100(2), 334–340. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2008.155119
  • Zyphur, M. J., & Oswald, F. L. (2015). Bayesian estimation and inference: A user’s guide. Journal of Management, 41(2), 390–420. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206313501200