324
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

When Culture Matters: Using Compliments and Complaints to Define and Influence Chinese Patients’ Satisfaction

, , , , & ORCID Icon

References

  • Andaleeb, S. S., Siddiqui, N., & Khandakar, S. (2007). Patient satisfaction with health services in Bangladesh. Health Policy and Planning, 22(4), 263–273. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapol/czm017
  • Batbaatar, E., Dorjdagva, J., Luvsannyam, A., & Amenta, P. (2015). Conceptualisation of patient satisfaction: A systematic narrative literature review. Perspectives in Public Health, 135(5), 243–250. https://doi.org/10.1177/1757913915594196
  • Batbaatar, E., Dorjdagva, J., Luvsannyam, A., Savino, M. M., & Amenta, P. (2017). Determinants of patient satisfaction: A systematic review. Perspectives in Public Health, 137(2), 89–101. https://doi.org/10.1177/1757913916634136
  • Betancourt, J. R. (2006). Cultural competence and medical education: Many names, many perspectives, one goal. Academic Medicine, 81(6), 499–501. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.ACM.0000225211.77088.cb
  • Bitner, M. J., Booms, B. H., & Tetreault, M. S. (1990). The service encounter: Diagnosing favorable and unfavorable incidents. Journal of Marketing, 54(1), 71–84. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224299005400105
  • Bitner, M. J., & Hubbert, A. R. (1994). Encounter satisfaction versus overall satisfaction versus quality. In R. T. Rust & R. L. Oliver (Eds.), Service quality: New directions in theory and practice (pp. 95–106). Sage.
  • Brédart, A., Coens, C., Aaronson, N., Chie, W. -C., Efficace, F., Conroy, T., Blazeby, J. M., Hammerlid, E., Costantini, M., Joly, F., Schraub, S., Sezer, O., Arraras, J. I., Rodary, C., Costantini, A., Mehlitz, M., Razavi, D., & Bottomley, A. (2007). Determinants of patient satisfaction in oncology settings from European and Asian countries: Preliminary results based on the EORTC IN-PATSAT32 questionnaire. European Journal of Cancer, 43(2), 323–330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejca.2006.10.016
  • Butterfield, L. D., Borgen, W. A., Amundson, N. E., & Maglio, A. S. T. (2005). Fifty years of the critical incident technique: 1954-2004 and beyond. Qualitative Research, 5(4), 475. https://doi.org/10.1177/1468794105056924
  • Cao, B., Zhang, Y., Wu, Z., & Wang, H. (2020, February 18). Xinhua Headlines: Traditional Chinese medicine offers oriental wisdom in fight against novel virus—Xinhua | English.news.cn. http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2020-02/18/c_138796123.htm
  • Caskey, D., Chen, J. F., & Warden, C. A. (2019). Service expectations of patients across traditional Chinese and Western medicine paradigms. The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 25(12), 1206–1214. https://doi.org/10.1089/acm.2019.0183
  • Chan, J. N. H., & Chau, J. (2005). Patient satisfaction with triage nursing care in Hong Kong. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 50(5), 498–507. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2005.03428.x
  • Chen, M. J. (2002). Transcending paradox: The Chinese “middle way” perspective. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 19(2), 179–199. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1016235517735
  • Chen, N. N. (2005). Mapping science and nation in China. In J. S. Alter (Ed.), Asian medicine and globalization (pp. 107–119). University of Pennsylvania Press Philadelphia.
  • Chen, X. P., & Chen, C. C. (2004). On the intricacies of the Chinese guanxi: A process model of guanxi development. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 21(3), 305–324. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:APJM.0000036465.19102.d5
  • Chen, G., Qiao, T., Ding, H., Li, C., Zheng, H., Chen, X., Hu, S., & Yu, S. (2015). Use of Chinese herbal medicine therapies in comprehensive hospitals in central China: A parallel survey in cancer patients and clinicians. Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology [Medical Sciences], 35(6), 808–814. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11596-015-1511-5
  • Chi, C., Lee, J. L., Lai, J. S., Chen, C. Y., Chang, S. K., & Chen, S. C. (1996). The practice of Chinese medicine in Taiwan. Social Science & Medicine, 43(9), 1329–1348. https://doi.org/10.1016/0277-9536(95)00429-7
  • Choi, K. -S., Lee, H., Kim, C., Lee, S., & Laroche, M. (2005). The service quality dimensions and patient satisfaction relationships in South Korea: Comparisons across gender, age and types of service. Journal of Services Marketing, 19(3), 140–149. https://doi.org/10.1108/08876040510596812
  • Cronbach, L. J., & Meehl, P. E. (1955). Construct validity in psychological tests. Psychological Bulletin, 52(4), 281–302. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0040957
  • Cui, Y., Shu, X. O., Gao, Y., Wen, W., Ruan, Z. X., Jin, F., & Zheng, W. (2004). Use of complementary and alternative medicine by Chinese women with breast cancer. Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 85(3), 263–270. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:BREA.0000025422.26148.8d
  • Donabedian, A. (1988). The quality of care: How can it be assessed? Jama, 260(12), 1743–1748. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.1988.03410120089033
  • Donthu, N., & Yoo, B. (1998). Cultural influences on service quality expectations. Journal of Service Research, 1(2), 178–186. https://doi.org/10.1177/109467059800100207
  • Emmert, M., Sander, U., & Pisch, F. (2013). Eight questions about physician-rating websites: A systematic review. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 15(2), e24. https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.2360
  • Epstein, R. M., & Street, R. L. (2011). The values and value of patient-centered care. Annals of Family Medicine, 9(2), 100–103. https://doi.org/10.1370/afm.1239
  • Farquhar, J. (2018). Knowing practice: The clinical encounter of Chinese medicine. Routledge.
  • Fitzpatrick, R. (1991). Surveys of patients satisfaction: I–Important general considerations. BMJ: British Medical Journal, 302(6781), 887–889. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.302.6781.887
  • Flanagan, J. C. (1954). The critical incident technique. Psychological Bulletin, 1(4), 327–358. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0061470
  • Fowler, F. J., Levin, C. A., & Sepucha, K. R. (2011). Informing and involving patients to improve the quality of medical decisions. Health Affairs, 30(4), 699–706. https://doi.org/10.1377/hlthaff.2011.0003
  • Friman, M., & Edvardsson, B. (2003). A content analysis of complaints and compliments. Managing Service Quality: An International Journal, 13(1), 20–26. https://doi.org/10.1108/09604520310456681
  • Gale, J. L. (1975). Patient and practitioner attitudes towards traditional and Western medicine in a contemporary Chinese setting. In E. M. Ahern & A. Kleinman (Eds.), Medicine in Chinese cultures: Comparative studies of health care in Chinese and other societies (pp. 195–208). JE Fogarty International Center for Advanced Study in the Health Sciences.
  • Gill, L., & White, L. (2009). A critical review of patient satisfaction. Leadership in Health Services, 22(1), 8–19. https://doi.org/10.1108/17511870910927994
  • Green, G., Bradby, H., Chan, A., & Lee, M. (2006). “We are not completely Westernised”: Dual medical systems and pathways to health care among Chinese migrant women in England. Social Science & Medicine, 62(6), 1498–1509. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2005.08.014
  • Gremler, D. D. (2004). The critical incident technique in service research. Journal of Service Research, 7(1), 65–90. https://doi.org/10.1177/1094670504266138
  • Gwee, M. C., Samarasekera, D., & Chay-Hoon, T. (2010). Role of basic sciences in 21st century medical education: An Asian perspective. Medical Science Educator, 20(3), 299–306. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40670-019-00760-y
  • Hai, H. (2009). Kuhn and the two cultures of Western and Chinese medicine. Journal of Cambridge Studies, 4(3), 10. https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.1600
  • Hamilton, D. F., Lane, J. V., Gaston, P., Patton, J. T., MacDonald, D., Simpson, A. H. R. W., & Howie, C. R. (2013). What determines patient satisfaction with surgery? A prospective cohort study of 4709 patients following total joint replacement. BMJ Open, 3(4), e002525. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2012-002525
  • Hao, H., & Zhang, K. (2016). The voice of Chinese health consumers: A text mining approach to web-based physician reviews. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 18(5), e4430. https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.4430
  • Harmsworth, K., & Lewith, G. T. (2001). Attitudes to traditional Chinese medicine amongst Western trained doctors in the People’s Republic of China. Social Science & Medicine, 52(1), 149–153. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0277-9536(00)00124-6
  • Hawthorne, G. (2006). Review of patient satisfaction measures. Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing.
  • Hawthorne, G., Sansoni, J., Hayes, L., Marosszeky, N., & Sansoni, E. (2014). Measuring patient satisfaction with health care treatment using the short assessment of patient satisfaction measure delivered superior and robust satisfaction estimates. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 67(5), 527–537. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2013.12.010
  • Henrich, J., Heine, S. J., & Norenzayan, A. (2010). Most people are not WEIRD. Nature, 466(7302), 29. https://doi.org/10.1038/466029a
  • Hesketh, T., Wu, D., Mao, L., & Ma, N. (2012). Violence against doctors in China. Bmj, 345(e5730), e5730. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61438-0
  • Hills, R., & Kitchen, S. (2007). Development of a model of patient satisfaction with physiotherapy. Physiotherapy Theory and Practice, 23(5), 255–271. https://doi.org/10.1080/09593980701249929
  • Hunt, S. D. (1983). Marketing theory: The philosophy of marketing science. D. Richard, (Ed.), Irwin.
  • Imrie, B. C., Cadogan, J. W., & McNaughton, R. (2002). The service quality construct on a global stage. Managing Service Quality, 12(1), 10–18. https://doi.org/10.1108/09604520210415353
  • Johnson, T. P. (1998). Approaches to equivalence in cross-cultural and cross-national survey research. ZUMA Nachrichten Spezial, 3, 1–40. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-49730-6
  • Kano, N., Seraku, N., Takahashi, F., & Tsuji, S. (1984). Attractive quality and must-be quality. Journal of the Japanese Society for Quality Control, 14(2), 147–156. https://doi.org/10.20684/quality.14.2_147
  • Kassarjian, H. H. (1977). Content analysis in consumer research. The Journal of Consumer Research, 4(1), 8–18. https://doi.org/10.1086/208674
  • Kleinman, A. (1980). Patients and healers in the context of culture: An exploration of the borderland between anthropology, medicine, and psychiatry (Vol. 3). University of California Press.
  • Kupfer, J. M., & Bond, E. U. (2012). Patient satisfaction and patient-centered care: Necessary but not equal. Jama, 308(2), 139–140. https://doi.org/10.1001/jama.2012.7381
  • Ladhari, R. (2008). Alternative measures of service quality: A review. Managing Service Quality, 18(1), 65–86. https://doi.org/10.1108/09604520810842849
  • Lam, T. P. (2001). Strengths and weaknesses of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine in the eyes of some Hong Kong Chinese. Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, 55(10), 762–765. https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.55.10.762
  • Li, Y., Gong, W., Kong, X., Mueller, O., & Lu, G. (2020). Factors associated with outpatient satisfaction in tertiary hospitals in China: A systematic review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(19), E7070. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17197070
  • Liu, Z., Beaver, K., & Speed, S. (2015). Chinese elders’ views on their interactions in general practice: A grounded theory study. Ethnicity & Health, 20(2), 129–144. https://doi.org/10.1080/13557858.2014.890176
  • Mahesh, V. S., & Stanworth, J. O. (1995). Service concept delivery through system design: The case of Anglian water services. In R. Teare & C. Armistead (Eds.), Service management: New directions, new perspectives. Cassell.
  • Markus, H. R., & Kitayama, S. (1991). Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation. Psychological Review, 98(2), 224–253. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.98.2.224
  • Martin, E. (1975). Chinese-style and Western style doctors in northern Taiwan. In E. M. Ahern & A. Kleinman (Eds.), Medicine in Chinese cultures: Comparative studies of health care in Chinese and other societies (pp. 209–218). JE Fogarty International Center for Advanced Study in the Health Sciences.
  • Mattila, A. S. (1999). The role of culture in the service evaluation process. Journal of Service Research, 1(3), 250–261. https://doi.org/10.1177/109467059913006
  • Mittelman, M., & Hanaway, P. (2012). Globalization of healthcare. Global Advances in Healthcare and Medicine, 1(2), 5–7. https://doi.org/10.7453/gahmj.2012.1.2.001
  • National Health and Family Planning Commission of the People’s Republic of China. (n.d.) Retrieved August 29, 2016, from http://www.nhfpc.gov.cn/
  • Nisbett, R. E. (2004). The geography of thought: How Asians and Westerners think differently–and why. Free Press.
  • Nisbett, R. E., Peng, K., Choi, I., & Norenzayan, A. (2001). Culture and systems of thought: Holistic versus analytic cognition. Psychological Review, 108(2), 291–310. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.108.2.291
  • NVivo qualitative data analysis software | QSR International. (n.d.) Retrieved August 22, 2016, from http://www.qsrinternational.com/
  • Ocloo, J., & Matthews, R. (2016). From tokenism to empowerment: Progressing patient and public involvement in healthcare improvement. BMJ Quality & Safety, 25(8), 626–632. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjqs-2015-004839
  • Parasuraman, A., Zeithaml, V. A., & Berry, L. L. (1988). Servqual: A multiple-item scale for measuring consumer perceptions. Journal of Retailing, 64(1), 12–40.
  • Pun, J. K. H., Chan, E. A., Wang, S., & Slade, D. (2018). Health professional-patient communication practices in East Asia: An integrative review of an emerging field of research and practice in Hong Kong, South Korea, Japan, Taiwan, and Mainland China. Patient Education and Counseling, 101(7), 1193–1206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2018.01.018
  • Schouten, B. C., & Meeuwesen, L. (2006). Cultural differences in medical communication: A review of the literature. Patient Education and Counseling, 64(1–3), 21–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pec.2005.11.014
  • Sitzia, J., & Wood, N. (1997). Patient satisfaction: A review of issues and concepts. Social Science & Medicine, 45(12), 1829–1843. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0277-9536(97)00128-7
  • Smith, R. (1997). The future of healthcare systems. BMJ: British Medical Journal, 314(7093), 1495. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.314.7093.1495
  • Smith, G. T. (2005). On construct validity: Issues of method and measurement. Psychological Assessment, 17(4), 396–408. https://doi.org/10.1037/1040-3590.17.4.396
  • Stanworth, J. O. (2009). Developers and terminators in hypermarkets’ relationships with Chinese customers. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing and Logistics, 21(2), 280–293. https://doi.org/10.1108/13555850910950086
  • Stanworth, J. O., Hsu, R. S., & Chang, H. T. (2015). Interpersonal service quality of the Chinese: Determinants and behavioral drivers. Service Business, 9(3), 515–540. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11628-014-0238-x
  • Strauss, A. L., & Corbin, J. M. (1990). Basics of qualitative research: Grounded theory procedures and techniques. Sage publications.
  • Sun, J., Hu, G., Ma, J., Chen, Y., Wu, L., Liu, Q., Hu, J., Livoti, C., Jiang, Y., & Liu, Y. (2017). Consumer satisfaction with tertiary healthcare in China: Findings from the 2015 China National Patient Survey. International Journal for Quality in Health Care, 29(2), 213–221. https://doi.org/10.1093/intqhc/mzw160
  • Tsai, T. C., Orav, E. J., & Jha, A. K. (2015). Patient satisfaction and quality of surgical care in US hospitals. Annals of Surgery, 261(1), 2. https://doi.org/10.1097/SLA.0000000000000765
  • Unschuld, P. U. (2010). Medicine in China: A history of ideas (25th Anniversary ed.). University of California Press.
  • Vargo, S. L., Nagao, K., He, Y., & Morgan, F. W. (2007). Satisfiers, dissatisfiers, criticals and neutrals: A review of their relative effects on customer (dis)satisfaction. Academy of Marketing Science Review, 11(2), 1–19. http://www.amsreview.org/articles/vargo2-2007.pdf
  • Verbeek, J. (2004). Patient satisfaction: Is it a measure for the outcome of care or the process of care? Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 57(2), 217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclinepi.2003.07.006
  • Ware, J. E., Snyder, M. K., Wright, W. R., & Davies, A. R. (1983). Defining and measuring patient satisfaction with medical care. Evaluation and Program Planning, 6(3), 247–263. https://doi.org/10.1016/0149-7189(83)90005-8
  • Watt, K., Abbott, P., & Reath, J. (2016). Developing cultural competence in general practitioners: An integrative review of the literature. BMC Family Practice, 17(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12875-016-0560-6
  • Wei, J., Wang, X., Yang, H., & Yang, T. (2015). Development of an in-patient satisfaction questionnaire for the Chinese population. PLoS One, 10(12), e0144785. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0144785
  • Winsted, K. F. (1997). The service experience in two cultures: A behavioral perspective. Journal of Retailing, 73(3), 337–360. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-4359(97)90022-1
  • Wong, W. S., Fielding, R., Wong, C. M., & Hedley, A. J. (2008). Psychometric properties of the Nine-Item Chinese Patient Satisfaction Questionnaire (ChPSQ-9) in Chinese patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Psycho-Oncology, 17(3), 292–299. https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.1247
  • World Health Organization. Programme on Traditional Medicine. (2001). Legal status of traditional medicine and complementary/alternative medicine: A worldwide review (WHO/EDM/TRM/2001 2. World Health Organization. https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/42452
  • Wu, Q. L., & Tang, L. (2022). What satisfies parents of pediatric patients in China: A grounded theory building analysis of online physician reviews. Health Communication, 37(10), 1329–1336. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2021.1888437
  • Xiao-Qing, Z., Qi-Jie, Z., Cai-Xing, Z., Tian-Hao, T., & Hao, Y. (2019). Thoughts about paths for digitization of traditional Chinese medicine-refined data elements. Digital Chinese Medicine, 2(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcmed.2019.05.001
  • Xu, J., & Xia, Z. (2019). Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) – Does its contemporary business booming and globalization really reconfirm its medical efficacy & safety? Medicine in Drug Discovery, 1, 100003. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medidd.2019.100003
  • Xu, J., & Yang, Y. (2009). Traditional Chinese medicine in the Chinese health care system. Health Policy (Amsterdam, Netherlands), 90(2), 133–139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2008.09.003
  • Yang, M. M. (1994). Gifts, favors, and banquets: The art of social relationships in China. Cornell University Press. https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=5hfiJQ4-nkgC&oi=fnd&pg=PR7&dq=gifts+favors+banquets&ots=KP1u10Vbt7&sig=rOB8wK5QI9HLFxiCgRIRuha3qVU
  • Yip, J. W. C. (2020). Directness of advice giving in traditional Chinese medicine consultations. Journal of Pragmatics, 166, 28–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2020.05.016
  • Zeithaml, V. A., Berry, L. L., & Parasuraman, A. (1993). The nature and determinants of customer expectations of service. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 21(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1177/0092070393211001
  • Zeithaml, V. A., Parasuraman, A., & Berry, L. L. (1990). Delivering quality service—balancing customer perceptions and expectations. The Free Press.
  • Zhang, W., Deng, Z., Hong, Z., Evans, R., Ma, J., & Zhang, H. (2018). Unhappy patients are not alike: Content analysis of the negative comments from China’s good doctor website. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 20(1), e8223. https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.8223

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.