285
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Effects of Scanning Health News Headlines on Trust in Science: An Emotional Framing Perspective

ORCID Icon, , , &

References

  • Albertson, B., & Gadarian, S. (2014). Ebola, anxiety, and public support for protective policies. PS-Political Science and Politics, 48(1), 8–9. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1049096514001851
  • Averill, J. R. (1983). Studies on anger and aggression: Implications for theories of emotion. American Psychologist, 38(11), 1145–1160. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.38.11.1145
  • Bago, B., Rosenzweig, L. R., Berinsky, A. J., & Rand, D. G. (2022). Emotion may predict susceptibility to fake news but emotion regulation does not seem to help. Cognition and Emotion, 36(6), 1166–1180. https://doi.org/10.1080/02699931.2022.2090318
  • Bavel, J. J. V., Baicker, K., Boggio, P. S., Capraro, V., Cichocka, A., Cikara, M., Crockett, M. J., Crum, A. J., Douglas, K. M., Druckman, J. N., Drury, J., Dube, O., Ellemers, N., Finkel, E. J., Fowler, J. H., Gelfand, M., Han, S., Haslam, S. A., Jetten, J., … Willer, R. (2020). Using social and behavioural science to support COVID-19 pandemic response. Nature Human Behaviour, 4(5), 460–471. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-020-0884-z
  • Bolsen, T., Druckman, J. N., & Cook, F. L. (2014). How frames can undermine support for scientific adaptations: Politicization and the status-quo bias. Public Opinion Quarterly, 78(1), 1–26. https://doi.org/10.1093/poq/nft044
  • Cacciatore, M. A., Scheufele, D. A., & Iyengar, S. (2016). The end of framing as we know it … and the future of media effects. Mass Communication and Society, 19(1), 7–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/15205436.2015.1068811
  • Cappella, J. N., & Jamieson, K. H. (1997). Spiral of cynicism: The press and the public good. Oxford University Press.
  • Chen, Y., Conroy, N. K., & Rubin, V. L. (2015). News in an online world: The need for an “Automatic crap detector”. Proceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology, 52(1), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.1002/pra2.2015.145052010081
  • Chong, D., & Druckman, J. N. (2007). A theory of framing and opinion formation in competitive elite environments. Journal of Communication, 57(1), 99–118. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2006.00331.x
  • Clifford, S. (2019). How emotional frames moralize and polarize political attitudes. Political Psychology, 40(1), 75–91. https://doi.org/10.1111/pops.12507
  • Coleman, R., Thorson, E., & Wilkins, L. (2011). Testing the effect of framing and sourcing in health news stories. Journal of Health Communication, 16(9), 941–954. https://doi.org/10.1080/10810730.2011.561918
  • Dan, V., & Raupp, J. (2018). A systematic review of frames in news reporting of health risks: Characteristics, construct consistency vs. name diversity, and the relationship of frames to framing functions. Health, Risk & Society, 20(5–6), 203–226. https://doi.org/10.1080/13698575.2018.1522422
  • Davis, M. H. (1980). Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) [Database record]. APA PsycTests. https://doi.org/10.1037/t01093-000
  • de Coninck, D., d’Haenens, L., & Matthijs, K. (2020). Forgotten key players in public health: News media as agents of information and persuasion during the COVID-19 pandemic. Public Health, 183, 65–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2020.05.011
  • de Los Santos, T. M., & Nabi, R. L. (2019). Emotionally charged: Exploring the role of emotion in online news information seeking and processing. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 63(1), 39–58. https://doi.org/10.1080/08838151.2019.1566861
  • Dhanani, L. Y., & Franz, B. (2021). Why public health framing matters: An experimental study of the effects of COVID-19 framing on prejudice and xenophobia in the United States. Social Science & Medicine, 269, 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2020.113572
  • Dillard, J. P., & Shen, L. (2005). On the nature of reactance and its role in persuasive health communication. Communication Monographs, 72(2), 144–168. https://doi.org/10.1080/03637750500111815
  • Dunaway, J. (2013). Media ownership and story tone in campaign news. American Politics Research, 41(1), 24–53. https://doi.org/10.1177/1532673X12454564
  • Entman, R. M. (1993). Framing: Toward clarification of a fractured paradigm. Journal of Communication, 43(4), 51–58. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1993.tb01304.x
  • Franck, G. (2018). The economy of attention. Journal of Sociology, 55(1), 8–19. https://doi.org/10.1177/1440783318811778
  • Freiling, I., Krause, N. M., Scheufele, D. A., & Brossard, D. (2023). Believing and sharing misinformation, fact-checks, and accurate information on social media: The role of anxiety during COVID-19. New Media & Society, 25(1), 141–162. https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448211011451
  • Gabielkov, M., Ramachandran, A., Chaintreau, A., & Legout, A. (2016, June). Social clicks: What and who gets read on Twitter? In Proceedings of the 2016 ACM SIGMETRICS International Conference on Measurement and Modeling of Computer Science (pp. 179–192). Association for Computing Machinery. https://doi.org/10.1145/2896377.2901462
  • Gallagher, K. M., & Updegraff, J. A. (2012). Health message framing effects on attitudes, intentions, and behavior: A meta-analytic review. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 43(1), 101–116. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12160-011-9308-7
  • Gollust, S. E., Fowler, E. F., & Niederdeppe, J. (2019). Television news coverage of public health issues and implications for public health policy and practice. Annual Review of Public Health, 40(1), 167–185. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-publhealth-040218-044017
  • Hauser, D. J., & Schwarz, N. (2016). Attentive turkers: MTurk participants perform better on online attention checks than do subject pool participants. Behavior Research Methods, 48(1), 400–407. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-015-0578-z
  • Hayes, A. F. (2018). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based perspective (2nd ed.). The Guilford Press.
  • Hilgard, J., & Jamieson, K. H. (2017). Does a scientific breakthrough increase confidence in science? News of a Zika vaccine and trust in science. Science Communication, 39(4), 548–560. https://doi.org/10.1177/1075547017719075
  • Hong, H. (2013). The effects of human interest framing in television news coverage of medical advances. Health Communication, 28(5), 452–460. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2012.693013
  • Hove, T., Paek, H. -J., Yun, M., & Jwa, B. (2015). How newspapers represent environmental risk: The case of carcinogenic hazards in South Korea. Journal of Risk Research, 18(10), 1320–1336. https://doi.org/10.1080/13669877.2014.923025
  • Hovick, S. R., & Bigsby, E. (2016). Heart disease and colon cancer prevention beliefs and their association with information seeking and scanning. Journal of Health Communication, 21(1), 76–84. https://doi.org/10.1080/10810730.2015.1049307
  • Ihekweazu, C. (2017). Ebola in prime time: A content analysis of sensationalism and efficacy information in U.S. nightly news coverage of the Ebola outbreaks. Health Communication, 32(6), 741–748. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2016.1172287
  • Jaiswal, J., LoSchiavo, C., & Perlman, D. C. (2020). Disinformation, misinformation and inequality-driven mistrust in the time of COVID-19: Lessons unlearned from AIDS denialism. AIDS and Behavior, 24(10), 2776–2780. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-020-02925-y
  • Jensen, J. D., Pokharel, M., Scherr, C. L., King, A. J., Brown, N., & Jones, C. (2017). Communicating uncertain science to the public: How amount and source of uncertainty impact fatalism, backlash, and overload. Risk Analysis, 37(1), 40–51. https://doi.org/10.1111/risa.12600
  • Johnson-Taylor, W. L., Yaroch, A. L., Krebs-Smith, S. M., & Rodgers, A. B. (2007). What can communication science tell us about promoting optimal dietary behavior? Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior, 39(2), S1–S4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2006.05.011
  • Kim, H. S. (2015). Attracting views and going viral: How message features and news-sharing channels affect health news diffusion. Journal of Communication, 65(3), 512–534. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcom.12160
  • Klemm, C., Hartmann, T., & Das, E. (2019). Fear-mongering or fact-driven? Illuminating the interplay of objective risk and emotion-evoking form in the response to epidemic news. Health Communication, 34(1), 74–83. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2017.1384429
  • Kohring, M., & Matthes, J. (2007). Trust in news media: Developments and validation of a multidimensional scale. Communication Research, 34(2), 231–252. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650206298071
  • Kuhn, T. S. (1996). The structure of scientific revolutions (3rd ed.). The University of Chicago.
  • Lawrence, R. G. (2004). Framing obesity: The evolution of news discourse on a public health issue. Harvard International Journal of Press/Politics, 9(3), 56–75. https://doi.org/10.1177/1081180X04266581
  • Lazarus, R. S. (1991). Emotion and adaptation. Oxford University.
  • Lecheler, S., Bos, L., & Vliegenthart, R. (2015). The mediating role of emotions: News framing effects on opinions about immigration. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 92(4), 812–838. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077699015596338
  • Lee, N. Y. (2022). Headlines for summarizing news or attracting readers’ attention? Comparing news headlines in South Korean newspapers with the New York Times. Journalism, 23(4), 892–909. https://doi.org/10.1177/1464884920929202
  • Lee, S. T. (2014). Predictors of H1N1 influenza pandemic news coverage: Explicating the relationships between framing and news release selection. International Journal of Strategic Communication, 8(4), 294–310. https://doi.org/10.1080/1553118X.2014.913596
  • Lewis, N., & Martinez, L. S. (2022). Information scanning impacts nonmedical drug use among college students: A longitudinal study of scanning effects. Health Communication, 38(10), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2022.2051269
  • Marcon, A. R., Bieber, M., & Caulfield, T. (2018). Representing a “Revolution”: How the popular press has portrayed personalized medicine. Genetics in Medicine, 20(9), 950–956. https://doi.org/10.1038/gim.2017.217
  • Media Insight Project. (2014). How Americans get their news. American Press Institute. https://www.americanpressinstitute.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/The_Media_Insight_Project_The_Personal_News_Cycle_Final.pdf
  • Molek-Kozakowska, K. (2013). Towards a pragma-linguistic framework for the study of sensationalism in news headlines. Discourse & Communication, 7(2), 173–197. https://doi.org/10.1177/1750481312471668
  • Motta, M., Sylvester, S., Callaghan, T., & Lunz-Trujillo, K. (2021). Encouraging COVID-19 vaccine uptake through effective health communication. Frontiers in Political Science, 3, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpos.2021.630133
  • Munger, K., Luca, M., Nagler, J., & Tucker, J. (2020). The (null) effects of clickbait headlines on polarization, trust, and learning. Public Opinion Quarterly, 84(1), 49–73. https://doi.org/10.1093/poq/nfaa008
  • Myrick, J. G. (2015). The role of emotions in preventative health communication. Lexington Books.
  • Nabi, R. L. (1999). A cognitive‐functional model for the effects of discrete negative emotions on information processing, attitude change, and recall. Communication Theory, 9(3), 292–320. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2885.1999.tb00172.x
  • Nabi, R. L. (2003). The framing effects of emotion: Can discrete emotions influence information recall and policy preference? Communication Research, 30(2), 224–247. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650202250881
  • Nabi, R. L. (2007). Emotion and persuasion: A social cognitive perspective. In D. R. Roskos-Ewoldsen & J. Monahan (Eds.), Social cognition and communication: Theories and methods (pp. 377–398). Erlbaum.
  • Nabi, R. L., Gustafson, A., & Jensen, R. (2018). Framing climate change: Exploring the role of emotion in generating advocacy behavior. Science Communication, 40(4), 442–468. https://doi.org/10.1177/1075547018776019
  • Nabi, R. L., Huskey, R., Nicholls, S. B., Keblusek, L., & Reed, M. (2019). When audiences become advocates: Self-induced behavior change through health message posting in social media. Computers in Human Behavior, 99, 260–267. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2019.05.030
  • Nabi, R. L., & Prestin, A. (2016). Unrealistic hope and unnecessary fear: Exploring how sensationalistic news stories influence health behavior motivation. Health Communication, 31(9), 1115–1126. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2015.1045237
  • Nabi, R. L., Walter, N., Oshidary, N., Endacott, C. G., Love-Nichols, J., Lew, Z. J., & Aune, A. (2020). Can emotions capture the elusive gain-loss framing effect? A meta-analysis. Communication Research, 47(8), 1107–1130. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650219861256
  • Nadelson, L., Jorcyk, C., Yang, D., Jarratt Smith, M., Matson, S., Cornell, K., & Husting, V. (2014). I just don’t trust them: The development and validation of an assessment instrument to measure trust in science and scientists. School Science and Mathematics, 114(2), 76–86. https://doi.org/10.1111/ssm.12051
  • Nagler, R. H. (2014). Adverse outcomes associated with media exposure to contradictory nutrition messages. Journal of Health Communication, 19(1), 24–40. https://doi.org/10.1080/10810730.2013.798384
  • Nagler, R. H., Vogel, R. I., Gollust, S. E., Yzer, M. C., & Rothman, A. J. (2022). Effects of prior exposure to conflicting health information on responses to subsequent unrelated health messages: Results from a population-based longitudinal experiment. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 56(5), 498–511. https://doi.org/10.1093/abm/kaab069
  • Nagler, R. H., Yzer, M. C., & Rothman, A. J. (2019). Effects of media exposure to conflicting information about mammography: Results from a population-based survey experiment. Annals of Behavioral Medicine, 53(10), 896–908. https://doi.org/10.1093/abm/kay098
  • Nisbet, M. C., & Fahy, D. (2017). New models of knowledge-based journalism. In K. H. Jamieson & D. M. Kahan (Eds.), The Oxford handbook of the science of science communication (pp. 273–281). Oxford University Press.
  • O’Keefe, D. J. (2003). Message properties, mediating states, and manipulation checks: Claims, evidence, and data analysis in experimental persuasive message effects research. Communication Theory, 13(3), 251–274. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2885.2003.tb00292.x
  • O’Keefe, D. J., & Jensen, J. D. (2007). The relative persuasiveness of gain-framed loss-framed messages for encouraging disease prevention behaviors: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Health Communication, 12(7), 623–644. https://doi.org/10.1080/10810730701615198
  • O’Keefe, D. J., & Jensen, J. D. (2009). The relative persuasiveness of gain-framed and loss-framed messages for encouraging disease detection behaviors: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Communication, 59(2), 296–316. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2009.01417.x
  • Ophir, Y. (2018). Coverage of epidemics in American newspapers through the lens of the crisis and emergency risk communication framework. Health Security, 16(3), 147–157. https://doi.org/10.1089/hs.2017.0106
  • Ort, A., Reinhardt, A., Koch, L., & Rossmann, C. (2023). The emotional effects of gain-loss frames in persuasive messages about sun protection on health promotional outcomes: Evidence from an experimental study. Health Communication, 38(3), 512–521. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2021.1956072
  • Peng, H., Romero, D. M., & Horvát, E. Á. (2022). Dynamics of cross-platform attention to retracted papers. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 119(25), e2119086119. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2119086119
  • Pengnate, S. (2019). Shocking secret you won’t believe! Emotional arousal in clickbait headlines: An eye-tracking analysis. Online Information Review, 43(7), 1136–1150. https://doi.org/10.1108/OIR-05-2018-0172
  • Rains, S. A. (2013). The nature of psychological reactance revisited: A meta-analytic review. Human Communication Research, 39(1), 47–73. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.2012.01443.x
  • Raupp, J. (2014). Social agents and news media as risk amplifiers: A case study on the public debate about the E. coli outbreak in Germany 2011. Health, Risk & Society, 16(6), 565–579. https://doi.org/10.1080/13698575.2014.950203
  • Sacerdote, B., Sehgal, R., & Cook, M. (2020). Why is all COVID-19 news bad news? (Working Paper No. w28110). https://doi.org/10.3386/w28110
  • Shah, D. V., Kwak, N., Schmierbach, M., & Zubric, J. (2004). The interplay of news frames on cognitive complexity. Human Communication Research, 30(1), 102–120. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2958.2004.tb00726.x
  • Sharot, T. (2011). The optimism bias. Current Biology, 21(23), R941–R945. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2011.10.030
  • Smith, K. C., Niederdeppe, J., Blake, K. D., & Cappella, J. N. (2013). Advancing cancer control research in an emerging news media environment. Journal of the National Cancer Institute: Monographs, 2013(47), 175–181. https://doi.org/10.1093/jncimonographs/lgt023
  • Snyder, C. R. (2000). Hypothesis: There is hope. In C. R. Snyder (Ed.), Handbook of hope: Theory, measures, and applications (pp. 3–21). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012654050-5/50003-8
  • Soroka, S., Fournier, P., & Nir, L. (2019). Cross-National evidence of a negativity bias in psychophysiological reactions to news. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 116(38), 18888–18892. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1908369116
  • Strekalova, Y. A. (2015). Informing dissemination research: A content analysis of U.S. newspaper coverage of medical nanotechnology news. Science Communication, 37(2), 151–172. https://doi.org/10.1177/1075547014555025
  • Tagliabue, F., Galassi, L., & Mariani, P. (2020). The “Pandemic” of disinformation in COVID-19. SN Comprehensive Clinical Medicine, 2(9), 1287–1289. https://doi.org/10.1007/s42399-020-00439-1
  • Tannenbaum, M. B., Hepler, J., Zimmerman, R. S., Saul, L., Jacobs, S., Wilson, K., & Albarracín, D. (2015). Appealing to fear: A meta-analysis of fear appeal effectiveness and theories. Psychological Bulletin, 141(6), 1178. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0039729
  • Turner, M. M. (2007). Using emotion in risk communication: The anger activism model. Public Relations Review, 33(2), 114–119. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2006.11.013
  • Turner, M. M. (2012). Using emotional appeals in health messages. In H. Cho (Ed.), Health communication message design: Theory and practice (pp. 59–72). Sage.
  • Updegraff, J. A., & Rothman, A. J. (2013). Health message framing: Moderators, mediators, and mysteries. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 7(9), 668–679. https://doi.org/10.1111/spc3.12056
  • Vasilopoulos, P. (2019). Affective intelligence and emotional dynamics in voters’ decision-making processes. In W. R. Thompson (Ed.), Oxford research encyclopedia of politics. https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.767
  • Wahl-Jorgensen, K. (2020). An emotional turn in journalism studies? Digital Journalism, 8(2), 175–194. https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2019.1697626
  • Wallston, K. A., Strudler Wallston, B., & DeVellis, R. (1978). Development of the multidimensional health locus of control (MHLC) scales. Health Education Monographs, 6(1), 160–170. https://doi.org/10.1177/109019817800600107
  • Wise, K., Eckler, P., Kononova, A., & Littau, J. (2009). Exploring the hardwired for news hypothesis: How threat proximity affects the cognitive and emotional processing of health-related print news. Communication Studies, 60(3), 268–287. https://doi.org/10.1080/10510970902956024
  • Witte, K. (1992). Putting the fear back into fear appeals: The extended parallel process model. Communication Monographs, 59(4), 329–349. https://doi.org/10.1080/03637759209376276

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.