144
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

“Trust Me, I’m a Doctor.” How TikTok Videos from Different Sources Influence Clinical Trial Participation

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon

References

  • Ambeba, E. J., Ye, L., Sereika, S. M., Styn, M. A., Acharya, S. D., Sevick, M. A., Ewing, L. J., Conroy, M. B., Glanz, K., Zheng, Y., Goode, R. W., Mattos, M., & Burke, L. E. (2015). The use of mHealth to deliver tailored messages reduces reported energy and fat intake. Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing, 30(1), 35–43. https://doi.org/10.1097/JCN.0000000000000120
  • Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Prentice-Hall.
  • Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. W. H. Freeman.
  • Basil, D. Z., Ridgway, N. M., & Basil, M. D. (2008). Guilt and giving: A process model of empathy and efficacy. Psychology & Marketing, 25(1), 1–23. https://doi.org/10.1002/mar.20200
  • Bednall, T. C., Bove, L. L., Cheetham, A., & Murray, A. L. (2013). A systematic review and meta-analysis of antecedents of blood donation behavior and intentions. Social Science & Medicine, 96, 86–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2013.07.022
  • Bernhardt, J. M., & Felter, E. M. (2004). Online pediatric information seeking among mothers of young children: Results from a qualitative study using focus groups. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 6(1), Article e7. https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.6.1.e7
  • Braunsberger, K., & Munch, J. M. (1998). Source expertise versus experience effects in hospital advertising. Journal of Services Marketing, 12(1), 23–38. https://doi.org/10.1108/08876049810202348
  • Briñol, P., & Petty, R. E. (2006). Fundamental processes leading to attitude change: Implications for cancer prevention communications. Journal of Communication, 56(suppl_1), S81–S104. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2006.00284.x
  • Caplan, A., & Friesen, P. (2017). Health disparities and clinical trial recruitment: Is there a duty to tweet? PLOS Biology, 15(3), Article e2002040. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.2002040
  • Ceci, L. (2023). Distribution of TikTok users in the United States in 2022, by age group [Graphic Data]. Statista. https://www.statista.com/statistics/1095186/tiktok-us-users-age/
  • Center for Information and Study on Clinical Research Participation. (2021). Perception and insight study 2021: Deciding to participate. https://www.ciscrp.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/2021-PI-Deciding-to-Participate-Report-04NOV2021-FINAL.pdf
  • Chen, T., Dai, M., Xia, S., & Zhou, Y. (2022). Do messages matter? Investigating the combined effects of framing, outcome uncertainty, and number format on COVID-19 vaccination attitudes and intention. Health Communication, 37(8), 944–951. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2021.1876814
  • Chen, J., & Wang, Y. (2021). Social media use for health purposes: Systematic review. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 23(5), Article e17917. https://doi.org/10.2196/17917
  • Chou, W. Y. S., Gaysynsky, A., Trivedi, N., & Vanderpool, R. C. (2021). Using social media for health: National data from HINTS 2019. Journal of Health Communication, 26(3), 184–193. https://doi.org/10.1080/10810730.2021.1903627
  • Christensen, T., Riis, A. H., Hatch, E. E., Wise, L. A., Nielsen, M. G., Rothman, K. J., Toft Sørensen, H., & Mikkelsen, E. M. (2017). Costs and efficiency of online and offline recruitment methods: A web-based cohort study. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 19(3), Article e58. https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.6716
  • Falzon, C., Radel, R., Cantor, A., & d’Arripe-Longueville, F. (2015). Understanding narrative effects in physical activity promotion: The influence of breast cancer survivor testimony on exercise beliefs, self-efficacy, and intention in breast cancer patients. Supportive Care in Cancer, 23(3), 761–768. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-014-2422-x
  • Fleming, M. A., & Petty, R. E. (2000). Identity and persuasion: An elaboration likelihood approach. In D. J. Terry & M. A. Hogg (Eds.), Attitudes, behavior, and social context: The role of norms and group membership (pp. 171–199). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Publishers.
  • Fonte, D., Blondé, J., & Girandola, F. (2017). How to encourage non‐donors to be more willing to donate blood? Testing of binding communication-based interventions. Transfusion Medicine, 27(3), 207–212. https://doi.org/10.1111/tme.12376
  • Garcia, M. B., Juanatas, I. C., & Juanatas, R. A. (2022, April). TikTok as a knowledge source for programming learners: A new form of nanolearning? [ Paper presentation]. 2022 10th International Conference on Information and Education Technology (ICIET), Matsue, Japan. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIET55102.2022.9779004
  • Goldberg, E. (2020, January 31). Doctors on TikTok try to go viral. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/31/health/tiktok-doctors-sex-ed.html
  • Gould, B. (2019, November 26). Should sponsors and CROs advertise clinical trials on TikTok? PatientCentra. https://www.patientcentra.com/patient-recruitment-insights/should-sponsors-and-cros-advertise-clinical-trials-on-tiktok
  • Guillory, J., Wiant, K. F., Farrelly, M., Fiacco, L., Alam, I., Hoffman, L., Crankshaw, E., Delahanty, J., & Alexander, T. N. (2018). Recruiting hard-to-reach populations for survey research: Using Facebook and Instagram advertisements and in-person intercept in LGBT bars and nightclubs to recruit LGBT young adults. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 20(6), Article e197. https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.9461
  • Hall, M. A., Camacho, F., Dugan, E., & Balkrishnan, R. (2002). Trust in the medical profession: Conceptual and measurement issues. Health Services Research, 37(5), 1419–1439. https://doi.org/10.1111/1475-6773.01070
  • Hall, M. A., Dugan, E., Zheng, B., & Mishra, A. K. (2001). Trust in physicians and medical institutions: What is it, can it be measured, and does it matter? The Milbank Quarterly, 79(4), 613–639. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0009.00223
  • Hayes, A. F. (2017). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach. Guilford Publications.
  • Hocevar, K. P., Metzger, M., & Flanagin, A. J. (2017). Source credibility, expertise, and trust in health and risk messaging. In J. F. Nussbaum (Ed.), Oxford research encyclopedia of communication. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228613.013.287
  • Jones, L. W., Sinclair, R. C., & Courneya, K. S. (2003). The effects of source credibility and message framing on exercise intentions, behaviors, and attitudes: An integration of the elaboration likelihood model and prospect theory 1. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 33(1), 179–196. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2003.tb02078.x
  • Kang, H., & Lee, M. J. (2018). Designing anti-binge drinking prevention messages: Message framing vs. evidence type. Health Communication, 33(12), 1494–1502. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2017.1372046
  • Kantor, E. (2023, January 25). The wrong way to use social media for clinical trial recruitment. Antidote. https://www.antidote.me/blog/the-wrong-way-to-use-social-media-for-clinical-trial-recruitment
  • Kareklas, I., Muehling, D. D., & Weber, T. J. (2015). Reexamining health messages in the digital age: A fresh look at source credibility effects. Journal of Advertising, 44(2), 88–104. https://doi.org/10.1080/00913367.2015.1018461
  • Kennedy, B. R., Mathis, C. C., & Woods, A. K. (2007). African Americans and their distrust of the health care system: Healthcare for diverse populations. Journal of Cultural Diversity, 14(2), 56–60. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19175244/
  • Kim, K. J., & Sundar, S. S. (2016). Mobile persuasion: Can screen size and presentation mode make a difference to trust? Human Communication Research, 42(1), 45–70. https://doi.org/10.1111/hcre.12064
  • Kim, S. H., Tanner, A., Friedman, D. B., Foster, C., & Bergeron, C. (2015). Barriers to clinical trial participation: Comparing perceptions and knowledge of African American and White South Carolinians. Journal of Health Communication, 20(7), 816–826. https://doi.org/10.1080/10810730.2015.1018599
  • Kirkpatrick, C. E., & Lee, S. (2021). The impact of source and message relevance on audience responses to health podcasts. Communication Reports, 34(2), 78–91. https://doi.org/10.1080/08934215.2021.1912129
  • Lee, S., Cappella, J. N., Lerman, C., & Strasser, A. A. (2013). Effects of smoking cues and argument strength of antismoking advertisements on former smokers’ self-efficacy, attitude, and intention to refrain from smoking. Nicotine & Tobacco Research, 15(2), 527–533. https://doi.org/10.1093/ntr/nts171
  • Lee, S., Lee, N., & Kirkpatrick, C. E. (2023). Effects of communication source and racial representation in clinical trial recruitment flyers. Health Communication, 38(4), 790–802. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2021.1976361
  • Levine, A. S. (2022, December 21). Doctors and nurses are becoming internet stars: Some are losing their jobs over it. Forbes. https://www.forbes.com/sites/alexandralevine/2022/12/20/healthcare-influencers-medical-creators-firing/?sh=443cb02a13ee
  • Lin, X., Lachlan, K. A., & Spence, P. R. (2022). “I thought about it and I may follow what you said”: Three studies examining the effects of elaboration and source credibility on risk behavior intentions. Journal of International Crisis and Risk Communication Research, 5(1), 9–28. https://doi.org/10.30658/jicrcr.5.1.2
  • McComas, K. A., Yang, Z., Gay, G. K., Leonard, J. P., Dannenberg, A. J., & Dillon, H. (2010). Individuals’ willingness to talk to their doctors about clinical trial enrollment. Journal of Health Communication, 15(2), 189–204. https://doi.org/10.1080/10810730903528058
  • McCroskey, J. C., & Teven, J. J. (1999). Goodwill: A reexamination of the construct and its measurement. Communications Monographs, 66(1), 90–103. https://doi.org/10.1080/03637759909376464
  • Metzger, M. J., & Flanagin, A. J. (2011). Using web 2.0 technologies to enhance evidence-based medical information. Journal of Health Communication, 16(sup1), 45–58. https://doi.org/10.1080/10810730.2011.589881
  • Modi, R. (2022, January 13). The changing face of patient recruitment in pharma. Oracle Life Sciences Blog. https://blogs.oracle.com/health-sciences/post/the-changing-face-of-patient-recruitment-in-pharma
  • Moran, G., Muzellec, L., & Johnson, D. (2020). Message content features and social media engagement: Evidence from the media industry. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 29(5), 533–545. https://doi.org/10.1108/JPBM-09-2018-2014
  • Morgan, S. E., Peng, W., Occa, A., Mao, B., McFarlane, S., Grinfeder, G., Millet, B., & Byrne, M. M. (2022). Tailored messages about research participation: Using an interactive information aid to improve study recruitment. Journal of Cancer Education, 37(1), 16–22. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13187-020-01775-5
  • National Cancer Institute. (2019). Health information national trends survey briefs number 39. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health. https://hints.cancer.gov/docs/Briefs/HINTS_Brief_39.pdf
  • National Institute of Aging. (2023, March 22). What are clinical trials and studies? https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/what-are-clinical-trials-and-studies
  • National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities. (2023, April 24). Diversity and inclusion in clinical trials. https://www.nimhd.nih.gov/resources/understanding-health-disparities/diversity-and-inclusion-in-clinical-trials.html
  • National Opinion Research Center. (1998). General Social Survey 1998 (GSS) questionnaire: Section A. https://gss.norc.org/Documents/quex/1998GSSV5.pdf
  • Nekmat, E., Gower, K. K., Zhou, S., & Metzger, M. (2019). Connective-Collective action on social media: Moderated mediation of cognitive elaboration and perceived source credibility on personalness of source. Communication Research, 46(1), 62–87. https://doi.org/10.1177/0093650215609676
  • Neubaum, G., & Krämer, N. C. (2015). Let’s blog about health! Exploring the persuasiveness of a personal HIV blog compared to an institutional HIV website. Health Communication, 30(9), 872–883. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2013.856742
  • Niu, Z., Jeong, D. C., & Willoughby, J. F. (2021). Friends over doctors? The influences of source and perceived customization on college drinking. Health Communication, 36(6), 671–681. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2020.1712034
  • O’Keefe, D. J. (1990). Persuasion: Theory and research. Sage Publications.
  • O’Keefe, D. J. (2003). Message properties, mediating states, and manipulation checks: Claims, evidence, and data analysis in experimental persuasive message effects research. Communication Theory, 13(3), 251–274. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2885.2003.tb00292.x
  • Panozzo, C. A., Head, K. J., Kornides, M. L., Feemster, K. A., & Zimet, G. D. (2020). Tailored messages addressing human papillomavirus vaccination concerns improves behavioral intent among mothers: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Adolescent Health, 67(2), 253–261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2020.01.024
  • Petrillo, S. (2021, December 13). What makes TikTok so addictive? An analysis of the mechanisms underlying the world’s latest social media craze. Brown Undergraduate Journal of Public Health. https://sites.brown.edu/publichealthjournal/2021/12/13/tiktok/
  • Petty, R. E., & Cacioppo, J. T. (1984). Source factors and the elaboration likelihood model of persuasion. In T. C. Kinnear (Ed.), Advances in consumer research (Vol. 11, pp. 668–672). Association for Consumer Research. https://www.acrwebsite.org/volumes/6328/volumes/v11/NA-11/full
  • Petty, R. E., & Cacioppo, J. T. (1986). The elaboration likelihood model of persuasion. In R. E. Petty & J. T. Cacioppo (Eds.), Communication and persuasion: Central and peripheral routes to attitude change (pp. 123–205). Springer.
  • Phua, J. (2016). The effects of similarity, parasocial identification, and source credibility in obesity public service announcements on diet and exercise self-efficacy. Journal of Health Psychology, 21(5), 699–708. https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105314536452
  • Pornpitakpan, C. (2004). The persuasiveness of source credibility: A critical review of five decades’ evidence. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 34(2), 243–281. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2004.tb02547.x
  • Pure, R. A., Markov, A. R., Mangus, J. M., Metzger, M. J., Flanagin, A. J., & Hartsell, E. H. (2013). Understanding and evaluating source expertise in an evolving media environment. In T. Takševa (Ed.), Social software and the evolution of user expertise: Future trends in knowledge creation and dissemination (pp. 37–51). Information Science Reference. https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2178-7.ch003.
  • Rimal, R. N. (2000). Closing the knowledge-behavior gap in health promotion: The mediating role of self-efficacy. Health Communication, 12(3), 219–237. https://doi.org/10.1207/S15327027HC1203_01
  • Rosenblatt, K. (2020, November 29). Viral TikToks offer firsthand accounts of vaccine trials, debunk misinformation. NBC News. https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/viral-tiktoks-offer-firsthand-accounts-vaccine-trials-debunk-misinformation-n1249046
  • Schwarzer, R., & Renner, B. (2000). Social-cognitive predictors of health behavior: Action self-efficacy and coping self-efficacy. Health Psychology, 19(5), 487–495. https://doi.org/10.1037/0278-6133.19.5.487
  • Sharrocks, K., Spicer, J., Camidge, D. R., & Papa, S. (2014). The impact of socioeconomic status on access to cancer clinical trials. British Journal of Cancer, 111(9), 1684–1687. https://doi.org/10.1038/bjc.2014.108
  • Sheridan, R., Martin-Kerry, J., Hudson, J., Parker, A., Bower, P., & Knapp, P. (2020). Why do patients take part in research? An overview of systematic reviews of psychosocial barriers and facilitators. Trials, 21(1), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-020-4197-3
  • Spleen, A. M., Lengerich, E. J., Camacho, F. T., & Vanderpool, R. C. (2014). Health care avoidance among rural populations: Results from a nationally representative survey. The Journal of Rural Health, 30(1), 79–88. https://doi.org/10.1111/jrh.12032
  • Sundar, S. S. (2008). The MAIN model: A heuristic approach to understanding technology effects on credibility. In M. J. Metzger & A. J. Flanagin (Eds.), Digital media, youth, and credibility (pp. 73–100). The MIT Press. https://doi.org/10.1162/dmal.9780262562324.073
  • Sundar, S. S., & Nass, C. (2001). Conceptualizing sources in online news. Journal of Communication, 51(1), 52–72. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2466.2001.tb02872.x
  • Sundar, S. S., Rice, R. E., Kim, H.-S., & Sciamanna, C. N. (2011). Online health information: Conceptual challenges and theoretical opportunities. In T. Thompson, R. Parrott, & J. Nussbaum (Eds.), The Routledge handbook of health communication (2nd ed., pp. 181–202). Routledge.
  • Thorson, E., Wicks, R., & Leshner, G. (2012). Experimental methodology in journalism and mass communication research. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 89(1), 112–124. https://doi.org/10.1177/1077699011430066
  • Unger, J. M., Cook, E., Tai, E., & Bleyer, A. (2016). The role of clinical trial participation in cancer research: Barriers, evidence, and strategies. American Society of Clinical Oncology Educational Book, 36(36), 185–198. https://doi.org/10.1200/EDBK_156686
  • Wang, J. W., Wei, C. N., Harada, K., Minamoto, K., Ueda, K., Cui, H. W., Zhang, C. G., Cui, Z. T., & Ueda, A. (2011). Applying the social cognitive perspective to volunteer intention in China: The mediating roles of self-efficacy and motivation. Health Promotion International, 26(2), 177–187. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/daq056
  • Wheeler, R. T. (2009). Nonprofit advertising: Impact of celebrity connection, involvement and gender on source credibility and intention to volunteer time or donate money. Journal of Nonprofit & Public Sector Marketing, 21(1), 80–107. https://doi.org/10.1080/10495140802111984
  • Xu, Y., Margolin, D., & Niederdeppe, J. (2021). Testing strategies to increase source credibility through strategic message design in the context of vaccination and vaccine hesitancy. Health Communication, 36(11), 1354–1367. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410236.2020.1751400
  • Yadav, S., Todd, A., Patel, K., Tabriz, A. A., Nguyen, O., Turner, K., & Hong, Y. R. (2022). Public knowledge and information sources for clinical trials among adults in the USA: Evidence from a health information national trends survey in 2020. Clinical Medicine, 22(5), 416–422. https://doi.org/10.7861/clinmed.2022-0107
  • Zheng, S., Hui, S. F., & Yang, Z. (2017). Hospital trust or doctor trust? A fuzzy analysis of trust in the health care setting. Journal of Business Research, 78, 217–225. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2016.12.017

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.