17,978
Views
61
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Original Articles

A Comparison of Different Pre-Performance Routines as Possible Choking Interventions

&
Pages 343-360 | Received 23 Aug 2009, Accepted 05 May 2010, Published online: 19 Jul 2010

REFERENCES

  • Averill , J. R. and Rosenn , M. 1972 . Vigilant and nonvigilant coping strategies and psychophysiological stress reactions during the anticipation of electric shock . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 23 : 128 – 141 .
  • Bandura , A. , Cioffi , D. , Barr-Taylor , C. and Brouillard , M. E. 1988 . Perceived self-efficiency in coping with cognitive stressors and opioid activation . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 55 : 479 – 488 .
  • Baumeister , R. F. 1984 . Choking under pressure: Self-consciousness and paradoxical effects of incentives on skillful performance . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 46 : 610 – 620 .
  • Baumeister , R. F. and Showers , C. J. 1986 . A review of paradoxical performance effects: Choking under pressure in sports and mental tests . European Journal of Social Psychology , 16 : 361 – 383 .
  • Beilock , S. L. , Bertenthal , B. I. , McCoy , A. M. and Carr , T. H. 2004 . Haste does not always make waste: Expertise, direction of attention, and speed versus accuracy in performing sensorimotor skills . Psychonomic Bulletin & Review , 11 : 373 – 379 .
  • Beilock , S. L. and Carr , T. H. 2001 . On the fragility of skilled performance: What governs choking under pressure? . Journal of Experimental Psychology: General , 130 : 701 – 725 .
  • Beilock , S. L. , Kulp , C. A. , Holt , L. E. and Carr , T. H. 2004 . More on the fragility of performance: Choking under pressure in mathematical problem solving . Journal of Experimental Psychology: General , 133 : 584 – 600 .
  • Boutcher , S. H. and Crews , D. J. 1987 . The effect of a preshot attentional routine on a well-learned skill . International Journal of Sport Psychology , 18 : 30 – 39 .
  • Boutcher , S. H. and Zinsser , N. W. 1990 . Cardiac deceleration of elite and beginning golfers during putting . Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology , 12 : 37 – 47 .
  • Butler , J. L. and Baumeister , R. F. 1998 . The trouble with friendly faces: Skilled performance with a supportive audience . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology , 75 : 1213 – 1230 .
  • Cheng , W.-N. K. , Hardy , L. and Markland , D. 2009 . Toward a three-dimensional conceptualization of performance anxiety: Rationale and initial measurement development . Psychology of Sport and Exercise , 10 : 271 – 278 .
  • Cohn , P. J. 1990 . Preperformance routines in sport: Theoretical support and practical applications . The Sport Psychologist , 4 : 301 – 312 .
  • Cotterill , S. T. , Sanders , R. and Collins , D. 2010 . Developing effective pre-performance routines in golf: Why don't we ask the golfer? . Journal of Applied Sport Psychology , 22 : 51 – 64 .
  • Cox , R. H. , Martens , M. P. and Russell , W. D. 2003 . Measuring anxiety in athletics: The revised Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 . Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology , 25 : 519 – 533 .
  • Dale , G. A. 2004 . Becoming a champion athlete: Mastering pressure situations , Ames, IA : Champonline Sports Videos and Books .
  • Gucciardi , D. F. and Dimmock , J. A. 2008 . Choking under pressure in sensorimotor skills: Conscious processing or depleted attentional resources? . Psychology of Sport and Exercise , 9 : 45 – 59 .
  • Gucciardi , D. F. , Longbottom , J. , Jackson , B. and Dimmock , J. A. 2010 . Experienced golfers’ perspectives on choking under pressure . Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology , 32 : 61 – 83 .
  • Hall , E. N. Unpublished master's thesis, Victoria University . Melbourne, Australia. Defining choking: A qualitative examination ,
  • Hardy , L. , Mullen , R. and Martin , N. 2001 . Effect of task-relevant cues and state anxiety on motor performance . Perceptual and Motor Skills , 92 : 942 – 946 .
  • Hill , D. M. , Hanton , S. , Fleming , S. and Matthews , N. 2009 . A re-examination of choking in sport . European Journal of Sport Science , 9 : 203 – 212 .
  • Jackson , R. C. , Ashford , K. J. and Norsworthy , G. 2006 . Attentional focus, dispositional reinvestment, and skilled motor performance under pressure . Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology , 28 : 49 – 68 .
  • Jackson , R. C. and Willson , R. J. 1999 . “ Using “swing thought” to prevent paradoxical performance effects in golf putting ” . In Science and Golf III: Proceedings of the 1998 World Scientific Congress of Golf , Edited by: Farrally , M. R. and Cochran , A. J. Leeds, , UK : Human Kinetics .
  • Jordet , G. 2009 . When superstars flop: Public status and choking under pressure in international soccer penalty shootouts . Journal of Applied Sport Psychology , 21 : 125 – 130 .
  • Jordet , G. and Hartman , E. 2008 . Avoidance motivation and choking under pressure in soccer penalty shootouts . Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology , 30 : 450 – 457 .
  • Kane , M. J. and Engle , R. W. 2000 . Working memory capacity, proactive interference and divided attention: Limits on long-term memory retrieval . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition , 26 : 336 – 358 .
  • Lewis , B. P. and Linder , D. E. 1997 . Thinking about choking? Attentional processes and paradoxical performance . Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , 23 : 937 – 944 .
  • Lonsdale , C. and Tam , J. T. M. 2008 . On the temporal and behavioural consistency of pre-performance routines: An intra-individual analysis of elite basketball players’ free throw shooting accuracy . Journal of Sports Sciences , 26 : 259 – 266 .
  • Marlow , C. , Bull , S. J. , Heath , B. and Shambrook , C. J. 1998 . The use of a single case design to investigate the effect of a pre-performance routine on the water polo penalty shot . Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport , 1 : 143 – 155 .
  • Martens , R. , Burton , D. , Vealey , R. S. , Bump , L. A. and Smith , D. E. 1990 . “ Development and validation of the CSAI-2 ” . In Competitive anxiety in sport , Edited by: Martens , R. , Vealey , R. S. and Burton , D. 117 – 190 . Champaign, IL : Human Kinetics .
  • Masters , R. S. W. 1992 . Knowledge, nerves and know-how . British Journal of Psychology , 83 : 343 – 58 .
  • Mesagno , C. Unpublished master's thesis, University of Florida . Gainesville. Implicit and explicit learning: Application of a cognitive strategy to overcome performance deficits under stress ,
  • Mesagno , C. Paper presented at the 12th World Congress of Sport Psychology . Marrakesh, Morocco. Choking under pressure: Toward a self-presentation explanation of why athletes use self-monitoring techniques ,
  • Mesagno , C. , Marchant , D. and Morris , T. 2008 . Using a pre-performance routine to alleviate choking under pressure in “choking-susceptible” athletes . The Sport Psychologist , 22 : 439 – 457 .
  • Mesagno , C. , Marchant , D. and Morris , T. 2009 . Alleviating choking: The sounds of distraction . Journal of Applied Sport Psychology , 21 : 131 – 147 .
  • Moran , A. P. 1996 . The psychology of concentration in sport performers: A cognitive analysis , London : Taylor & Francis .
  • Mullen , R. , Hardy , L. and Tattersall , A. 2005 . The effects of anxiety on motor performance: A test of the Conscious Processing Hypothesis . Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology , 27 : 212 – 225 .
  • Nideffer , R. M. 1992 . Psyched to win , Champaign, IL : Leisure Press .
  • Otten , M. 2009 . Choking vs. clutch: A study of sport performance under pressure . Journal of Sport & Exercise Psychology , 31 : 583 – 601 .
  • Pates , J. , Cummings , A. and Maynard , I. 2002 . The effects of hypnosis on flow states and three-point shooting performance in basketball players . The Sport Psychologist , 16 : 34 – 47 .
  • Wang , J. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Victoria University . Melbourne, Australia. Developing and testing an integrated model of choking in sport ,
  • Wang , J. , Marchant , D. B. and Morris , T. 2004 . Coping style and susceptibility to choking . Journal of Sport Behavior , 27 : 75 – 92 .
  • Williams , J. M. and Harris , D. V. 2006 . “ Relaxation and energizing techniques for regulation of arousal ” . In Applied sport psychology: Personal growth to peak performance , 5th ed. , Edited by: Williams , J. 285 – 305 . New York : Mayfield Publishing .
  • Wilson , V. E. , Peper , E. and Schmid , A. 2006 . “ Strategies for training concentration ” . In Applied sport psychology: Personal growth to peak performance , 5th ed. , Edited by: Williams , J. 404 – 422 . New York : Mayfield Publishing .
  • Wrisberg , C. A. and Pein , R. L. 1992 . The preshot interval and free throw accuracy: An exploratory investigation . The Sport Psychologist , 6 : 14 – 23 .

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.