Mass Occurrence of Penetrative Trace Fossils in Triassic Lake Deposits (Kyrgyzstan, Central Asia)

REFERENCES

• Bohacs , K. M. , Carroll , A. R. , Neal , J. E. and Mankiewicz , P. J. 2000 . “ Lake basin type, source potential, and hydrocarbon character: an integrated sequence-stratigraphic-geochemical framework ” . Edited by: Gierlowski-Kordesch , E. and Kelts , K. Vol. 46 , 3 – 34 . Lake basins through space and time. AAPG Studies in Geology
   Google Scholar
• Brinkhurst , R. O. 1964 . Observations on the biology of lake-dwelling tubificidae . Archiv für Hydrobiologie , 60 : 385 – 418 .
   Google Scholar
• Bromley , R. G. and Frey , R. W. 1974 . Redescription of the trace fossil Gyrolithes and taxonomic evaluation of Thalassinoides, Ophiomorpha and Spongeliomorpha . Geological Society of Denmark Bulletin , 23 : 311 – 335 .
   Google Scholar
• Buatois , L. A. and Mángano , M. G. 1993 . Ecospace utilization, paleoenvironmental trends, and the evolution of early nonmarine biotas . Geology , 21 : 595 – 598 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buatois , L. A. and Mángano , M. G. 1995 . The paleoenvironmental significance of the lacustrine Mermia ichnofacies, an archetypal subaqueous nonmarine trace fossil assemblage . Ichnos , 4 : 151 – 161 .
   Google Scholar
• Buatois , L. A. and Mángano , M. G. 1998 . The fossil analysis of lacustrine facies and basins . Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology , 140 : 367 – 382 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Buatois , L. A. and Mángano , M. G. 2004 . “ Animal-substrate interactions in freshwater environments: applications of ichnology in facies and sequence stratigraphic analysis of fluvio-lacustrine successions ” . In The application of ichnology to palaeoenvironmental and stratigraphic analysis , Edited by: McIlroy , D. Vol. 228 , 311 – 333 . London : Special Publications . Geological Society
   Google Scholar
• Buatois , L. A. and Mángano , M. G . 2007 . “ Invertebrate ichnology of continental freshwater environments ” . In Trace fossils, concepts, problems, prospects , Edited by: Miller , W. 285 – 323 . Amsterdam : Elsevier .
   Google Scholar
• Buatois , L. A. and Mángano , M. G . 2008 . Applications of ichnology in lacustrine sequence stratigraphy: Potential and limitations . Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology ,
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Buatois , L. A. , Mángano , M. G. , Xiantao , W. and Guocheng , Z. 1995 . Vagorichnus, a new ichnogenus for feeding burrow systems and its occurrence as discrete and compound ichnotaxa in Jurassic lacustrine turbidites of Central China . Ichnos , 3 : 265 – 272 .
   Google Scholar
• Buatois , L. A. , Mángano , M. G. , Maples , Ch. G. and Lanier , W. P. 1998 . Ichnology of an Upper Carboniferous fluvio-estuarine paleovalley: The Tonganoxie Sandstone, Buildex quarry, eastern Kansas, USA . Journal of Paleontology , 72 : 152 – 180 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chamberlain , C. K. 1975 . “ Recent lebensspuren in nonmarine aquatic environments ” . In The study of trace fossils. Springer Edited by: Frey , R. W. 431 – 458 . New York
   Google Scholar
• Charbonneau , P. and Hare , L. 1998 . Burrowing behavior and biogenic structures of mud-dwelling insects . Journal of the North American Benthological Society , 17 : 239 – 249 .
   Google Scholar
• Charbonneau , P. , Hare , L. and Carignan , R. 1997 . Use of X-ray images and a contrasting agent to study the behavior of animals in soft sediments . Limnology and Oceanography , 42 : 1823 – 1828 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Covich , A. P. , Palmer , M. A. and Crowl , T. A. 1999 . The role of benthic invertebrate species in freshwater ecosystems . Bioscience , 49 : 119 – 127 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Curry , L. 1954 . Notes on the ecology of the midge fauna (Diptera: Tendipedidae) of Hunt Creek, Montgomery County, Michigan . Ecology , 35 : 541 – 550 .
   Google Scholar
• Dobruskina , I. A. 1970 . The age of the Madygen Formation in relation to the Permian-Triassic boundary in Middle Asia . Sovetskaya geologiya , 3 : 16 – 28 . [in Russian]
   Google Scholar
• Dobruskina , I. A. 1994 . Triassic floras of Eurasia . Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Schriftenreihe der Erdwissenschaftlichen Kommissionen , 10 : 1 – 422 .
   Google Scholar
• Dobruskina , I. A. 1995 . Keuper (Triassic) Flora from Middle Asia (Madygen, Southern Fergana) . New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin , 5 : 1 – 49 .
   Google Scholar
• Eggermont , H. , de Deyne , P. and Verschuren , D. 2007 . Spatial variability of chironomid death assemblages in the surface sediments of a fluctuating tropical lake (Lake Naivasha, Kenya) . Journal of Paleolimnology , 38 : 309 – 328 .
   Google Scholar
• Ehrenberg , K. 1944 . Ergänzende Bemerkungen zu den seinerzeit aus dem Miozän von Burgschleinitz beschriebenen Gangkernen und Bauten dekapoder Krebse . Paläontologische Zeitschrift , 23 : 354 – 359 .
   Google Scholar
• Ekdale , A. A. 1992 . “ Muckraking and mudslinging: the joys of deposit feeding ” . In Paleontological Society Short Course Edited by: Maples , C. G. and West , R. R. Vol. 5 , 145 – 171 . Trace fossils
   Google Scholar
• Fischer , J. , Voigt , S. and Buchwitz , M. 2007 . First elasmobranch egg capsules from freshwater lake deposits of the Madygen Formation (Middle to Late Triassic, Kyrgyzstan, Central Asia) . Freiberger Forschungshefte , C 524 : 41 – 46 .
   Google Scholar
• Frank , C. 1982 . Ecology, production and anaerobic metabolism of Chironomus plumosus L. larvae in a shallow lake I. Ecology and production . Archiv für Hydrobiologie , 94 : 460 – 491 .
   Google Scholar
• Fürsich , F. T. 1973 . A revision of the trace fossils Spongeliomorpha, Ophiomorpha and Thalassinoides . Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Monatshefte , 1973 : 719 – 735 .
   Google Scholar
• Gingras , M. K. , Lalond , S. V. , Amskold , L. and Konhauser , K. O. 2007 . Wintering chironomids mine oxygen . Palaios , 22 : 433 – 438 .
   Google Scholar
• Gosselin , A. and Hare , L. 2003 . Burrowing behavior of Chaoborus flavicans larvae and its ecological significance . Journal of the North American Benthological Society , 22 : 575 – 581 .
   Google Scholar
• Hall , J. 1847 . “ Palaeontology of New York ” . 338 State of New York : Albany .
   Google Scholar
• Häntzschel , W. 1975 . “ Trace fossils and problematica ” . Edited by: Teichert , C. W269 Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press . Treatise on invertebrate paleontology, Part W, miscellanea, supplement I
   Google Scholar
• James , M. R. , Weatherhead , M. , Stanger , C. and Graynoth , E. 1998 . Macroinvertebrate distribution in the littoral zone of Lake Coleridge, South Island, New Zealand—effects of habitat stability, wind exposure, and macrophytes . New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research , 32 : 287 – 305 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jónasson , P. M. 1972 . Ecology and production of the profundal benthos in relation to phytoplankton in Lake Esrom . Oikos , 14 : 1 – 148 . Oikos
   Google Scholar
• Jónasson , P. M. 1996 . Limits for life in the lake ecosystem . Verhandlungen Internationale Vereinigung für Theoretische und Angewandte Limnologie , 26 : 1 – 33 .
   Google Scholar
• Jónasson , P. M. 2003 . Hypolimnetic eutrophication of the N-limited dimictic Lake Esrom 1908–1998 . Archiv für Hydrobiologie, Supplementum , 139 : 449 – 512 .
   Google Scholar
• Kennedy , W. J. 1967 . Burrows and surface traces from the Lower Chalk of southern England . Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History), Geology Series , 15 : 125 – 167 .
   Google Scholar
• Liljendahl-Nurminen , A. , Horppila , J. , Eloranta , P. , Malinen , T. and Uusitalo , L. 2002 . The seasonal dynamics and distribution of Chaoborus flavicans larvae in adjacent lake basins of different morphometry and degree of eutrophication . Freshwater Biology , 47 : 1283 – 1295 .
   Google Scholar
• Mángano , M. G. and Buatois , L. A. 2007 . “ Trace fossils in evolutionary paleoecology ” . In Trace fossils, concepts, problems, prospects , Edited by: Miller , W. 391 – 409 . Amsterdam : Elsevier .
   Google Scholar
• McCall , P. L. and Fisher , J. B. 1980 . “ Effects of tubificid oligocheates on physical and chemical properties of Lake Erie sediments ” . Edited by: Brinkhurst , R. O. and Cook , D. G. 253 – 317 . New York : Plenum Press . Aquatic oligochaete biology
   Google Scholar
• McLachlan , A. J. 1977 . Some effects of tube shape on the feeding of Chrionomus plumosus L. (Diptera: Chironomidae) . Journal of Animal Ecology , 46 : 139 – 146 .
   Google Scholar
• McLachlan , A. J. and Cantrell , M. A. 1976 . Sediment development and its influence on the distribution and tube structure of Chironomus plumosus L. (Chironomidae, Diptera) in a new impoundment . Freshwater Biology , 6 : 437 – 443 .
   Google Scholar
• Melchor , R. N. 2004 . “ Trace fossil distribution in lacustrine deltas: examples from the Triassic rift lakes of the Ischigualasto—Villa Unión basin, Argentina ” . Edited by: McIlroy , D. Vol. 228 , 335 – 354 . Geological Society London : special publications . The application of ichnology to palaeoenvironmental and stratigraphic analysis
   Google Scholar
• Miller , M. F. and White , D. S. 2007 . “ Ecological and evolutionary controls on the composition of marine and lake ichnofacies ” . In Trace fossils, concepts, problems, prospects , Edited by: Miller , W. 531 – 544 . Amsterdam : Elsevier .
   Google Scholar
• Miller , M. F. , McDowell , T. , Smail , S. E. , Shyr , Y. and Kemp , N. R. 2002 . Hardly used habitats: Dearth and distribution of burrowing in Paleozoic and Mesozoic stream and lake deposits . Geology , 30 : 527 – 530 .
   Google Scholar
• Myrow , P. M. 1995 . Thalassinoides and the enigma of Early Paleozoic open-framework burrow systems . Palaios , 10 : 58 – 74 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nicholson , H. A. 1873 . Contributions to the study of the errant annelids of the older Paleozoic rocks . Proceedings of the Royal Society of London , 21 : 288 – 299 .
   Google Scholar
• Orlowski , S. 1968 . The Cambrian of the Lysogory anticline in the Holy Cross Mountains . Biuletyn Geologiczny , 10 : 195 – 221 .
   Google Scholar
• Pemberton , S. G. and Frey , R. W. 1982 . Trace fossil nomenclature and the Planolites–Palaeophycus dilemma . Journal of Paleontology , 56 : 843 – 881 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pinder , L. C. V. 1986 . Biology of freshwater chironomidae . Annual Review of Entomology , 31 : 1 – 13 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pritchard , G. and Leischner , T. G. 1973 . The life history and feeding habits of Sialis cornuta Ross in a series of abandoned beaver ponds (Insecta: Megaloptera) . Canadian Journal of Zoology , 51 : 121 – 131 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rogaar , H. 1974 . Polyester casts for the study of the pore structure in soils . Netherlands Journal of Agricultural Science , 22 : 143 – 152 .
   Google Scholar
• Rogaar , H. 1980 . The morphology of burrow structures made by tubificids . Hydrobiologia , 71 : 107 – 124 .
   Google Scholar
• Schlirf , M. , Uchman , A. and Kümmel , M. 2001 . Upper Triassic (Keuper) non-marine trace fossils from the Haßberge area (Franconia, southeastern Germany) . Paläontologische Zeitschrift , 75 : 71 – 96 .
   Google Scholar
• Seilacher , A. 1953 . Studien zur Palichnologie. I. Über die Methoden der Palichnologie . Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen , 96 : 421 – 452 .
   Google Scholar
• Seilacher , A. 2007 . “ Trace fossil analysis ” . 226 Berlin : Springer .
   Google Scholar
• Sharov , A. G. 1970 . A peculiar reptile from the Lower Triassic of Fergana . Paleontologicheskij Zhurnal , 1970 : 112 – 116 . [in Russian]
   Google Scholar
• Sharov , A. G. 1971 . “ Phylogeny of the Orthopteroidea ” . In Israel 251 Jerusalem Israel
   Google Scholar
• Sytchevskaya , E. K. 1999 . “ Freshwater fish fauna from the Triassic of Northern Asia ” . Edited by: Arratia , G. and Schultze , H.-P. 445 – 468 . München . Mesozoic Fishes 2—systematics and fossil record. Dr. Friedrich Pfeil
   Google Scholar
• Uchman , A. and Álvaro , J. J. 2000 . Non-marine invertebrate trace fossils from the Tertiary Calatayud-Teruel basin, NE Spain . Revista Española de Paleontología , 15 : 203 – 218 .
   Google Scholar
• Uchman , A. , Nemec , W. , Ilgar , E. and Messina , C. 2007 . Lacustrine trace fossils and environmental conditions in the Early Miocene Ermenek basin, Southern Turkey . Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae , 77 : 123 – 139 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vishnyakova , V. N. 1998 . Cockroaches (Insecta, Blattodea) from the Triassic Madygen occurrence, Central Asia . Paleontologiceskij Zhurnal , 1998 : 69 – 76 . [in Russian]
   Google Scholar
• Voigt , S. , Haubold , H. , Meng , S. , Krause , D. , Buchantschenko , J. , Ruckwied , K. and Götz , A. E. 2006 . Die Fossil-Lagerstätte Madygen: Ein Beitrag zur Geologie und Paläontologie der Madygen-Formation (Mittel- bis Ober-Trias, SW-Kirgisistan, Zentralasien) . Hallesches Jahrbuch für Geowissenschaften , B 22 : 85 – 119 .
   Google Scholar
• Voigt , S. , Spindler , F. , Fischer , J. , Kogan , I. and Buchwitz , M. 2007 . “ An extraordinary lake basin—the Madygen fossil lagerstaette (Middle to Upper Triassic,Kyrgyzstan, Central Asia) ” . 162 – 163 . Freiberg . Abstract volume, 77th Annual Meeting of the German Palaeontological Society, September 17–19
   Google Scholar
• Voigt , S. , Buchwitz , M. , Fischer , J. , Krause , D. and Georgi , R. 2009 . Feather-like development of Triassic diapsid skin appendages . Naturwissenschaften , 96 ( 1 ) : 81 – 86 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Vorobyeva , E. I. 1967 . A Triassic Ceratodus from Southern Fergana and some notes on systematic and phylogeny of the family ceratodontidae . Paleontologiceskij Zhurnal , 1967 : 102 – 111 . [in Russian]
   Google Scholar
• Walter , H. and Suhr , P. 1998 . Lebensspuren aus kaltzeitlichen Bändersedimenten des Quartärs . Abhandlungen des Staatlichen Museums für Mineralogie und Geologie zu Dresden , 43–44 : 311 – 328 .
   Google Scholar
• Wetzel , R. G. 2001 . “ Limnology—lake and river ecosystems ” . 1006 Sand Diego, CA : Academic Press .
   Google Scholar
• Woodward , S. 1830 . “ A synoptical table of British organic remains, in which all the edited British fossils are systematically and stratigraphically arranged ” . XIII + 50 p London and Norwich
   Google Scholar
• Wootton , R. J. 1988 . Historical ecology of aquatic insects: An overview . Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology , 62 : 477 – 482 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar