Efficacy of an organic–inorganic hybrid phosphorus compound in corrosion mitigation of reinforcement steel in concrete. I. Gravimetric and electrochemical analysis

References

• Azad, A. K.; Ahmad, S.; Azher, S. A. Residual Strength of Corrosion-Damaged Reinforced Concrete Beams. ACI Mater. J. 2007, 104, 40–47. DOI: 10.14359/18493.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Azad, A. K.; Ahmad, S.; Al-Gohi, B. H. A. Flexural Strength of Corroded Reinforced Concrete Beams. Mag. Concr. Res. 2010, 62, 405–414. DOI: 10.1680/macr.2010.62.6.405.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chung, L.; Najm, H.; Balaguru, P. Flexural Behavior of Concrete Slabs with Corroded Bars. Cem. Concr. Compos. 2008, 30, 184–193. DOI: 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2007.08.005.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Torres-Acosta, A. A.; Navarro-Gutierreza, S.; Teran-Guillen, J. Residual Flexure Capacity of Corroded Reinforced Concrete Beams. Eng. Struct. 2007, 29, 1145–1152. DOI: 10.1016/j.engstruct.2006.07.018.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Palanisamy, S. P.; Maheswaran, G.; Geetha Selvarani, A.; Kamal, C.; Venkatesh, G. Ricinus communis – A Green Extract for the Improvement of anti-Corrosion and Mechanical Properties of Reinforcing Steel in Concrete in Chloride Media. J. Build. Eng. 2018, 19, 376–383. DOI: 10.1016/j.jobe.2018.05.020.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ormellese, M.; Bolzoni, F.; Goldanich, S.; Pedeferri, M. P. Corrosion Inhibitors in Reinforced Concrete Structures, Part 3 – Migration of Inhibitors into Concrete. Corros. Eng. Sci. Technol. 2011, 46, 334–339. DOI: 10.1179/174327809X419230.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bolzoni, F. M.; Goidanich, S.; Lazzari, L.; Ormellese, M. Corrosion Inhibitors in Reinforced Concrete Structures, Part 2 – Repair System. Corros. Eng. Sci. Technol. 2006, 41, 212–220. DOI: 10.1179/174327806X111234.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ormellese, M.; Lazzari, L.; Goidanich, S.; Fumagalli, G.; Brenna, A. A Study of Organic Substances as Inhibitors for Chloride-Induced Corrosion in Concrete. Corros. Sci. 2009, 51, 2959–2968. DOI: 10.1016/j.corsci.2009.08.018.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tiwari; Purnima, A. K.; Goyal, S.; Luxami, V. Influence of Corrosion Inhibitors on Two Different Concrete Systems under Combined Chloride and Carbonated Environment. Structures 2023, 48, 717–735. DOI: 10.1016/j.istruc.2022.12.093.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Doubi, M.; Erramli, H.; Touir, R.; Benhiba, F.; Dermaj, A.; Errahmany, N.; Hajjaji, N.; Zarrouk, A. A Synthesis 3-Phenyl-1,2,4-Triazole-5-Thione as an Inhibitor against Low Carbon Steel Corrosion in Simulated Reinforced Concrete: Experimental and Theoretical Studies. Chem. Data Collect. 2023, 44, 100989. DOI: 10.1016/j.cdc.2023.100989.
   Google Scholar
• Tian, Y.; Bao, J.; Xie, D.; Wang, B.; Zhang, P.; Zhao, T.; Lei, D. The Effects of Organic Corrosion Inhibitor on Concrete Properties and Frost Resistance. J. Build. Eng. 2023, 65, 105762. DOI: 10.1016/j.jobe.2022.105762.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tian, Y.; Guo, W.; Wang, W.; Wang, B.; Zhang, P.; Zhao, T. Influence of Organic Corrosion Inhibitors on Steel Corrosion in Concrete under the Coupled Action of Freeze-Thaw Cycles and Chloride Attack. Constr. Build. Mater. 2023, 368, 130385. DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2023.130385.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhang, A.; Wang, Y.; Wang, H. Preparation of Inorganic-Polymer Nano-Emulsion Inhibitor for Corrosion Resistance of Steel Reinforcement for Concrete. Alex. Eng. J. 2023, 66, 537–542. DOI: 10.1016/j.aej.2022.11.020.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Srinivasa Rao, S.; Roopas Kiran, S.; Chaitanya Kumar, K.; Diwakar, B. S. Electrochemical Behaviour of Interface of Carbon Steel/Solution Containing Three-Component Formulations. Mater. Today: Proc. 2019, 18, 2003–2011. DOI: 10.1016/j.matpr.2019.05.350.
   Google Scholar
• Sarada Kalyani, D.; Srinivasa Rao, S.; Chaitanya Kumar, K.; Roopas Kiran, S.; Sreedhar, B.; Appa Rao, B. V. Evaluation of Surface/Solution Interface on Carbon Steel in Contact with a Phosphonate-Based Ternary Corrosion Inhibitor System. Trans. Indian Inst. Met. 2017, 70, 2497–2508. DOI: 10.1007/s12666-017-1112-z.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sarada Kalyani, D.; Srinivasa Rao, S.; Sarath Babu, M.; Appa Rao, B. V.; Sreedhar, B. Electrochemical and Surface Analytical Studies of Carbon Steel Protected from Corrosion in a Low-Chloride Environment Containing a Phosphonate-Based Inhibitor. Res. Chem. Intermed. 2015, 41, 5007–5032. DOI: 10.1007/s11164-014-1584-y.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Appa Rao, B. V.; Venkateswara Rao, M.; Srinivasa Rao, S.; Sreedhar, B. Tungstate as a Synergist to Phosphonate-Based Formulation for Corrosion Control of Carbon Steel in Nearly Neutral Aqueous Environment. J. Chem. Sci. 2010, 122, 639–649. DOI: 10.1007/s12039-010-0099-3.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Appa Rao, B. V.; Srinivasa Rao, S. Electrochemical and Surface Analytical Studies of Synergistic Effect of Phosphonate, Zn2+ and Ascorbate in Corrosion Control of Carbon Steel. Mater. Corros. 2010, 61, 285–301. DOI: 10.1002/maco.200905333.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Etteyeb, N.; Dhouibi, L.; Takenouti, H.; Triki, E. Protection of Reinforcement Steel Corrosion by Phenyl Phosphonic Acid Pre-Treatment, Part 1: Tests in Solutions Simulating the Electrolyte in the Pores of Fresh Concrete. Cem. Concr. Compos. 2015, 55, 241–249. DOI: 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2014.07.025.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Etteyeb, N.; Dhouibi, L.; Takenouti, H.; Triki, E. Protection of Reinforcement Steel Corrosion by Phenylphosphonic Acid Pre-Treatment, Part 2: Tests in Mortar Medium. Cem. Concr. Compos. 2016, 65, 94–100. DOI: 10.1016/j.cemconcomp.2015.10.010.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gunasekaran, G.; Chauhan, L. R. Eco Friendly Inhibitor for Corrosion Inhibition of Mild Steel in Phosphoric Acid Medium. Electrochim. Acta 2004, 49, 4387–4395. DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2004.04.030.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Morad, M. S. An Electrochemical Study on the Inhibiting Action of Some Organic Phosphonium Compounds on the Corrosion of Mild Steel in Aerated Acid Solutions. Corros. Sci. 2000, 42, 1307–1326. DOI: 10.1016/S0010-938X(99)00138-9.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Alagta, A.; Felhosi, I.; Telegdi, J.; Bertoti, I.; Kalman, E. Effect of Metal Ions on Corrosion Inhibition of Pimeloyl-1,5-di-Hydroxamic Acid for Steel in Neutral Solution. Corros. Sci. 2007, 49, 2754–2766. DOI: 10.1016/j.corsci.2006.11.008.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Andrade, C.; Alonso, C. Test Methods for on-Site corrosion rate measurement of Steel Reinforcement in Concrete by Means of the Polarization Resistance Method. Mater. Struct. 2004, 37, 623–643. DOI: 10.1007/BF02483292.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gonzalez, Y.; Lafont, M. C.; Pebere, N.; Moran, F. A Synergistic Effect between Zinc Salt and Phosphonic Acid for Corrosion Inhibition of a Carbon Steel. J. Appl. Electrochem. 1996, 26, 1259–1265. DOI: 10.1007/BF00249928.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pech-Canul, M. A.; Bartolo-Perez, P. Inhibition Effects of N-Phosphono-Methyl-Glycine/Zn2+ Mixtures on Corrosion of Steel in Neutral Chloride Solutions. Surf. Coat. Technol. 2004, 184, 133–140. DOI: 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2003.11.018.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Felhosi, I.; Keresztes, Z.; Karman, F. H.; Mohai, M.; Bertoti, I.; Kalman, E. Effects of Bivalent Cations on Corrosion Inhibition of Steel by 1-Hydroxyethane-1,1-Diphosphonic Acid. J. Electrochem. Soc. 1999, 146, 961–969. DOI: 10.1149/1.1391706.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Song, H. W.; Saraswathy, V. Corrosion Monitoring of Reinforced Concrete Structures – A Review. Int. J. Electrochem. Sci. 2007, 2, 1–28.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Freire, L.; Novoa, X. R.; Montemor, M. F.; Carmezim, M. J. Study of Passive Films Formed on Mild Steel in Alkaline Media by the Application of Anodic Potentials. Mater. Chem. Phys. 2009, 114, 962–972. DOI: 10.1016/j.matchemphys.2008.11.012.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ahmad, A.; Kumar, R.; Kumar, A. Effect of Sodium Molybdate and Sodium Tungstate in Concrete Rebar Corrosion. Anti-Corros. Methods Mater. 2019, 66, 253–263. DOI: 10.1108/ACMM-06-2018-1960.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bilek, V.; Bonczkova, S.; Hurta, J.; Pytlik, D.; Mrovec, M. Bond Strength between Reinforcing Steel and Different Types of Concrete. Procedia Eng. 2017, 190, 243–247. DOI: 10.1016/j.proeng.2017.05.333.
   Google Scholar
• Li, S. L.; Ma, H. Y.; Lei, S. B.; Yu, R.; Chen, S. H.; Liu, D. X. Inhibition of Copper Corrosion with Schiff Base Derived from 3-Methoxysalicylaldehyde and o-Phenyldiamine in Chloride Media. Corrosion 1998, 54, 947–954. DOI: 10.5006/1.3284816.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Juttner, K. Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) of Corrosion Processes on Inhomogeneous Surfaces. Electrochim. Acta 1990, 35, 1501–1508. DOI: 10.1016/0013-4686(90)80004-8.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• El Hosary, A. A.; Saleh, R. M. Shams El Din, A.M. Corrosion Inhibition by Naturally Occurring Substances. I. The Effect of Hibiscus subdariffa (Karkade) Extract on the Dissolution of Al and Zn. Corros. Sci. 1972, 12, 897–904. DOI: 10.1016/S0010-938X(72)80098-2.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mansfeld, F.; Kendig, M. W.; Lorenz, W. J. Corrosion Inhibition in Neutral, Aerated Media. J. Electrochem. Soc. 1985, 132, 290–296. DOI: 10.1149/1.2113820.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Macdonald, R.; Franceschetti, D. R. Impedance Spectroscopy; Wiley: New York, 1987.
   Google Scholar
• Lopez, D. A.; Simison, S. N.; de Sanchez, S. R. The Influence of Steel Microstructure on CO2 Corrosion. EIS Studies on the Inhibition Efficiency of Benzimidazole. Electrochim. Acta 2003, 48, 845–854. DOI: 10.1016/S0013-4686(02)00776-4.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bhalgamiya, S.; Tivadi, G.; Jethva, M. Techniques for Accelerated Corrosion Test of Steel Concrete for Determine Durability. Int. Res. J. Eng. Technol. 2018, 5, 4399–4402.
   Google Scholar
• Dodds, W.; Christodoulou, C.; Goodier, C.; Austin, S.; Dunne, D. Durability Performance of Sustainable Structural Concrete: Effect of Coarse Crushed Concrete Aggregate on Rapid Chloride Migration and Accelerated Corrosion. Constr. Build. Mater. 2017, 155, 511–521. DOI: 10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.08.073.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nordtest, NT-Build 356 Concrete, Repairing Methods and Protective Coating: Embedded Steel Method, Chloride Permeability. Nordtest Project No. 707-87/7, Finland, 1989.
   Google Scholar
• Albarwary, I. H. M.; Haido, J. H. Bond Strength of Concrete with the Reinforcement Bars Polluted with Oil. Eur. Sci. J. 2013, 9, 255–272. DOI: 10.19044/esj.2013.v9n6p%25p.
   Google Scholar
• Maca, P.; Panteki, E.; Curbach, M. Bond Stress-Slip Behaviour of Concrete and Steel under High-Loading Rates. Int. J. Comput. Methods Exp. Meas. 2016, 4, 221–230. DOI: 10.2495/CMEM-V4-N3-221-230.
   Google Scholar
• IS 456 – 2000: Plain and Reinforced Concrete – Code of Practice.
   Google Scholar
• IS 383 – 1970 (Reaffirmed 2002) – Specification for Coarse and Fine Aggregates from Natural Sources for Concrete.
   Google Scholar
• IS: 2770 (Part I) – 1967 (Reaffirmed 2007) – Methods of Testing Bond in Reinforced Concrete, Part 1 Pull-Out Test.
   Google Scholar