Publication Cover
Policing and Society
An International Journal of Research and Policy
Volume 28, 2018 - Issue 9
728
Views
34
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
ARTICLES

Police legitimacy in Africa: a multilevel multinational analysis

Pages 1105-1120 | Received 08 Sep 2016, Accepted 03 Jan 2017, Published online: 20 Jan 2017

References

  • Afrobarometer, 2016. Survey data [online]. Available from: www.afrobarometer.org [Accessed 15 June 2016].
  • Bayley, D.H. and Weisburd, D., 2009. Cops and spooks: The role of police in counterterrorism. In: D. Weisburd, T. Feucht, I. Hakimi, L. Mock, & S. Perry, eds. To protect and to serve. New York: Springer, 81–99.
  • Beare, M.E. and Murray, T., 2007. Police and government relations: who's calling the shots? Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
  • Boateng, F.D., 2016. Neighborhood-level effects on trust in the police a multilevel analysis. International criminal justice review, 26 (3), 217–236.
  • Boateng, F.D. and Darko, I.N., 2016. Our past the effect of colonialism on policing in Ghana. International journal of police science & management, 18 (1), 13–20.
  • Boateng, F.D., Lee, H.D., and Abess, G., 2016. Analyzing citizens’ reported levels of confidence in the police: a cross-national study of public attitudes toward the police in the United States and South Korea. Asian journal of criminology, 11 (4), 289–308. doi: 10.1007/s11417-016-9231-8
  • Bradford, B., Murphy, K., and Jackson, J., 2014. Officers as mirrors: policing, procedural justice and the (re)production of social identity. British journal of criminology, 54 (4), 527–550. doi: 10.1093/bjc/azu021
  • Brown, K. and Coulter, P. B., 1983. Subjective and objective measures of police service delivery. Public administration review, 43 (1), 50–58. doi: 10.2307/975299
  • Cao, L. and Dai, M., 2006. Confidence in the police: where does Taiwan rank in the world? Asian criminology, 1, 71–84. doi: 10.1007/s11417-006-9001-0
  • Cao, L. and Hou, C., 2001. A comparison of confidence in the police in China and in the United States. Journal of criminal justice, 29 (2), 87–99. doi: 10.1016/S0047-2352(00)00084-2
  • Cao, L. and Stack, S., 2005. Confidence in the police between America and Japan: results from two waves of surveys. Policing: An international journal of police strategies and management, 28 (1), 139–151. doi: 10.1108/13639510510581020
  • Cao, L. and Zhao, J.S., 2005. Confidence in the police in Latin America. Journal of criminal justice, 33, 403–412. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2005.06.009
  • Cao, L., Frank, J., and Cullen, F.T., 1996. Race, community context and confidence in police. American journal of police, 15 (1): 3–22. doi: 10.1108/07358549610116536
  • Cao, L., Stack, S., and Sun, Y., 1998. Public confidence in the police: a comparative study between Japan and America. Journal of criminal justice, 26, 279–289. doi: 10.1016/S0047-2352(98)00015-4
  • Cao, L., Lai, Y.-L., and Zhao, R., 2012. Shades of blue: confidence in the police in the world. Journal of criminal justice, 40 (1), 40–49. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2011.11.006
  • Chanley, V. A., 2002. Trust in government in the aftermath of 9/11: determinants and consequences. Political psychology, 23 (3), 469–483. doi: 10.1111/0162-895X.00294
  • Chu, Y.-H., et al., 2008. Public opinion and democratic legitimacy. Journal of democracy, 19 (2), 74–87. doi: 10.1353/jod.2008.0032
  • Coser, L.A., 1956. The functions of social conflict (Vol. 9). Routledge.
  • Fishman, G., 2005. Balanced police action between terror and maintaining public order: a summary of an era and challenges for coming years. Jerusalem: The Israel Democracy Institute (in Hebrew).
  • Flexon, J.L., Lurigio, A.J., and Greenleaf, R.G., 2009. Exploring the dimensions of trust in the police among Chicago juveniles. Journal of criminal justice, 37, 180–189. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2009.02.006
  • Frazier, L.S., 2007. The loss of public trust in law enforcement [online]. Available from: http://libcat.post.ca.gov/dbtw-wpd/documents/cc/40-frazier.pdf [Accessed 20 January 2012].
  • Gau, J.M., et al., 2012. Examining macro-level impacts on procedural justice and police legitimacy. Journal of criminal justice, 40, 333–343. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2012.05.002
  • Global Peace Index, 2015. Measuring peace, its causes and its economic value. Institute for Economic & Peace [online]. Available form http://economicsandpeace.org/ [Accessed 5 Jan 2016].
  • Goldsmith, A., 2005. Police reform and the problem of trust. Theoretical criminology 9 (4), 443–470. doi: 10.1177/1362480605057727
  • Goldstein, H., 1977. Policing a free society. Policing a Free Society Cambridge, MA: Ballinger.
  • Goodman-Delahunty, J., 2010. Four ingredients: new recipes for procedural justice in Australian policing. Policing, 4 (4), 403–410. doi: 10.1093/police/paq041
  • Hasisi, B., Alpert, G. P., and Flynn, D., 2009. The impacts of policing terrorism on society: lessons from Israel and the US. In: D. Weisburd, T. Feucht, I. Hakimi, L. Mock, & S. Perry, eds. To protect and to serve. New York, NY: Springer, 177–202.
  • Hawdon, J., 2008. Legitimacy, trust, social capital, and policing styles: a theoretical statement. Police quarterly, 11, 182–201. doi: 10.1177/1098611107311852
  • Horowitz, J., 2007. Making every encounter count: building trust and confidence in the police. NIJ journal, 256, 8–11.
  • Hough, M., 2012. Researching trust in the police and trust in justice: a UK perspective. Policing and society: An international journal of research and policy, 22 (3), 332–345. doi: 10.1080/10439463.2012.671826
  • Hough, M. and Roberts, J.V., 2004. Youth crime and youth justice: public opinion in England and Wales. Criminal Policy Monograph. Bristol: Policy Press.
  • Hough, M., et al., 2010. Procedural justice, trust, and institutional legitimacy. Policing: A journal of policy and practice, 4, 203–210. doi: 10.1093/police/paq027
  • Howell, B.A., 2004. Seven weeks: the making of the USA PATRIOT Act. Geoge Washington Law Review, 72 (6), 1145.
  • Hsieh, M.L. and Boateng, F.D., 2015. Perceptions of democracy and trust in the criminal justice system a comparison between mainland China and Taiwan. International criminal justice review, 25 (2), 153–173.
  • Huang, W. and Vaughn, M., 1996. Support and confidence: public attitudes toward the police. In: T. Flanagan and D. Longmire, eds. American view crime and justice: a National Public Opinion Survey. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 31–45.
  • Huddy, L. and Feldman, S., 2011. Americans respond politically to 9/11: understanding the impact of the terrorist attacks and their aftermath. American psychologist, 66 (6), 455–467. doi: 10.1037/a0024894
  • Hurst, Y.G. and Frank, J., 2000. How kids view cops: the nature of juvenile attitudes toward the police. Journal of criminal justice, 28, 189–202. doi: 10.1016/S0047-2352(00)00035-0
  • Jackson, J. and Bradford, B., 2010. What is trust and confidence in the police? Policing: A journal of policy and practice, 4, 241–248. doi: 10.1093/police/paq020
  • Jackson, J., et al., 2012. Why do people comply with the law? Legitimacy and the influence of legal institutions. British journal of criminology, 52 (6), 1051–1071.
  • Jang, H., Joo, H.J., and Zhao, J.S., 2010. Determinants of public confidence in police: an international perspective. Journal of criminal justice, 38 (1), 57–68. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2009.11.008
  • Jesilow, P., Meyer, J.A., and Namazzi, N., 1995. Public attitudes towards the police. American journal of police, 14, 67–88. doi: 10.1108/07358549510102767
  • Jonathan, T., 2010. Police involvement in counter-terrorism and public attitudes towards the police in Israel—1998–2007. British journal of criminology, 50, 748–771. doi: 10.1093/bjc/azp044
  • Jonathan-Zamir, T. and Weisburd, D., 2011. The effects of security threats on antecedents of police legitimacy: findings from a quasi-experiment in Israel. Journal of research in crime & delinquency, 50 (1), 3–32. doi: 10.1177/0022427811418002
  • Jonathan-Zamir, T., Hasisi, B., and Margalioth, Y., 2016. Is it the what or the how? The roles of high-policing tactics and procedural justice in predicting perceptions of hostile treatment: the case of security checks at Ben-Gurion airport, Israel. Law and society review, 50 (3), 608–638. doi: 10.1111/lasr.12216
  • Kaariainen, J., 2007. Trust in the police in 16 European countries: A multilevel analysis. European journal of criminology, 4(4):409–435. doi: 10.1177/1477370807080720
  • Karstedt, S. and LaFree, G., 2006. Democracy, crime, and justice. The annals of the American academy of political and social science, 605, 6–23. doi: 10.1177/0002716206288230
  • Landau, M.J., et al., A., 2004. Deliver us from evil: the effects of mortality salience and reminders of 9/11 on support for President George W. Bush. Personality and social psychology bulletin, 30 (9), 1136–1150. doi: 10.1177/0146167204267988
  • Lee, H.D, Boateng, F.D. and Marenin, O., 2015. Trust in and legitimacy of the police among American college students: a preliminary assessment. Police journal: theory, practice, and principles, 88 (4), 299–314. doi: 10.1177/0032258X15601797
  • Marenin, O., 1983. Supporting the local police: the difference group basis of varieties of support. Police studies, 6, 50–56.
  • Marenin, O., 1990. The police and the coercive nature of the state. In: E.S. Greenberg and T. Mayer, eds. Changes in the state: causes and consequences. Newbury Park, CA: Sage, 115–130.
  • Mazerolle, L., et al., 2013. Procedural justice and police legitimacy: a systematic review of the research evidence. Journal of experimental criminology. DOI:201310.1007/s11292-013-9175-2.
  • Memmo, D., Sartor, G., and di Cardano, G.Q., 2003. Trust, reliance, good faith, and the law. In: P. Nixon and S. Terzis, eds. Proceedings of the first international conference on trust management. LNCS 2692. Heraklion, Crete, 150–164.
  • Morgan, M. ed., 2009. The impact of 9/11 on politics and war: The day that changed everything? New York: Palgrave Macmillan, xvii, 264.
  • Morris, C., 2015. An international study on public confidence in police. Police practice and research, 16 (5), 416–430. doi: 10.1080/15614263.2014.951935
  • Mueller, J.E., 1973. War, presidents and public opinion. New York, NY: Wiley.
  • Murphy, K., 2009. Public satisfaction with police: the importance of procedural justice and police performance in police-citizen encounters. Australian & New Zealand journal of criminology, 42 (2), 159–178. doi: 10.1375/acri.42.2.159
  • Murphy, K. and Cherney, A., 2012. Fostering cooperation with the police: how do ethnic minorities in Australia respond to procedural justice-based policing? Australian & New Zealand journal of criminology, 44:235–257. doi: 10.1177/0004865811405260
  • Murphy, D.W. and Worrall, J.L., 1999. Residency requirements and public perceptions of the police in large municipalities. Policing: An international journal of police strategies & management, 22, 327–342. doi: 10.1108/13639519910285080
  • Norris, P., 1999. Critical citizens: global support for democratic government. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Norris, P., 2011. Democratic deficit: critical citizens revisited. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Panagopoulos, C., 2006. The polls-trends Arab and Muslim Americans and Islam in the aftermath of 9/11. Public opinion quarterly, 70 (4), 608–624. doi: 10.1093/poq/nfl029
  • Parker, S.L., 1995. Towards an understanding of “rally” effects public opinion in the Persian Gulf war. Public opinion quarterly, 59 (4), 526–546. doi: 10.1086/269492
  • Pérez, O.J., 2003. Democratic legitimacy and public insecurity: crime and democracy in El Salvador and Guatemala. Political science quarterly, 118 (4), 627–644. doi: 10.1002/j.1538-165X.2003.tb00408.x
  • Powell, M.B, Skouteris, H., and Murfett, R., 2008. Children’s perceptions of the role of police: a qualitative study. International journal of police science and management, 10 (4): 464–473.
  • Raudenbush, S.W. and Bryk, A.S., 2002. Hierarchical linear models: applications and data analysis methods. 2nd ed. Thousand Oak, CA: Sage.
  • Reiner, R., 2010. The politics of the police. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
  • Reisig, M.D. and Parks, R.B., 2000. Experience, quality of life and neighborhood context: a hierarchical analysis of satisfaction with police. Justice quarterly, 17, 607–630. doi: 10.1080/07418820000094681
  • Reisig, M.D., Tankebe, J., and Mesko, G., 2012. Procedural justice, police legitimate, and public cooperation with the police among young Slovene adults. Journal of criminology and security, 14, 147–164.
  • Ren, L., et al., 2005. Linking confidence in police with the performance of the police: community policing can make a difference. Journal of criminal justice, 33, 55–66. doi: 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2004.10.003
  • Reynolds, K.M., Semukhina, O.B., and Demidov, N.N., 2008. A longitudinal analysis of public satisfaction with the police in the Volgograd Region of Russia 1998–2005. International criminal justice review, 18, 158–189. doi: 10.1177/1057567708318484
  • Rockmore, T., 2011. Before and after 9/11: a philosophical examination of globalization, terror, and history. New York: Bloomsbury.
  • Rosenbaum, D.P., et al., 2005. Attitudes toward the police: The effects of direct and vicarious experience. Police quarterly, 8, 343–365. doi: 10.1177/1098611104271085
  • Sabet, D.M., 2012. Corruption or insecurity? Understanding dissatisfaction with Mexico's police. Latin American politics and society, 55 (1), 1–45.
  • Sigelman, L. and Conover, P.J., 1981. The dynamics of presidential support during international conflict situations: the Iranian hostage crisis. Political behavior, 3 (4), 303–318. doi: 10.1007/BF00989812
  • Silva Forné, C., 2009. Policía y encuentros con la ciudadanía en ciudad nezahualcóyotl. Doctoral diss. El Colegio de México.
  • Simmel, G., 1955. Conflict and the web of group affiliations. New York, NY: The Free.
  • Stoutland, S.E., 2001. The multiple dimensions of trust in residential police relationship in Boston. Journal of research in crime and delinquency, 38 (3), 226–256. doi: 10.1177/0022427801038003002
  • Sunshine, J. and Tyler, R.T., 2003. The role of procedural justice and legitimacy in shaping public support for policing. Law & society review, 37, 513–548. doi: 10.1111/1540-5893.3703002
  • Tankebe, J., 2013. Viewing things differently: The dimensions of public perceptions of police legitimacy. Criminology, 51 (1), 103–135. doi: 10.1111/j.1745-9125.2012.00291.x
  • Thomas, C.W., and Hyman, J.M., 1977. Perceptions of crime, fear of victimization, and public perceptions of police performance. Journal of police science and administration, 5 (3), 305–317.
  • Tyler, T., 1990. Why people obey the law. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press.
  • Tyler, T.R., 1997. The psychology of legitimacy: a relational perspective on voluntary deference to authorities. Personality and social psychology review, 1 (4), 323–345. doi: 10.1207/s15327957pspr0104_4
  • Tyler, T.R., 2004. Enhancing police legitimacy. The ANNALS of the American academy of political and social science, 593 (1), 84–99. doi: 10.1177/0002716203262627
  • Tyler, R.T., 2005. Policing in black and White: ethnic group differences in trust and confidence in the police. Police quarterly 8 (3), 322–342. doi: 10.1177/1098611104271105
  • Tyler, T.R., 2006. Why people obey the law. 2nd ed. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
  • Tyler, T.R. and Huo, Y.J., 2002. Trust in the Law: encouraging public cooperation with the police and court. New York, NY: Russell Sage.
  • Tyler, R.T., Schulhofer, S., and Huq, A.Z., 2010. Legitimacy and deterrence effects in counterterrorism policing: a study of Muslim Americans. Law and society review, 44 (2), 365–402. doi: 10.1111/j.1540-5893.2010.00405.x
  • Weber, M., 1968. Economy and society. New York, NY: Bedminster Press (Original work published in 1921).
  • Weisburd, D., Jonathan, T., and Perry, S., 2009. The Israeli model for policing terrorism goals, strategies, and open questions. Criminal justice and behavior, 36 (12), 1259–1278. doi: 10.1177/0093854809345597
  • Weisburd, D., et al., 2010. Terrorist threats and police performance a study of Israeli communities. British journal of criminology, 50 (4), 725–747. doi: 10.1093/bjc/azp064
  • Weitzer, R. and Tuch, S.A., 1999. Race, class, and perceptions of discrimination by the police. Crime and delinquency, 45 (4), 494–507. doi: 10.1177/0011128799045004006
  • Weitzer, R. and Tuch, S.A., 2005. Determinants of public satisfaction with the police. Police quarterly 8 (3), 279–297. doi: 10.1177/1098611104271106
  • Wexler, C., 2014. PERF and BJA release 2 reports defining legitimacy and procedural justice in policing. Subject to Debate. A Newsletter of the Police Executive Research Forum 28(1): 1. Available from: http://www.policeforum.org/assets/docs/Subject_to_Debate/Debate2014/debate_2014_janfeb.pdf.
  • Whitehead, J.W. and Aden, S.H., 2002. Forfeiting enduring freedom for homeland security: a constitutional analysis of the USA patriot Act and the justice department's anti-terrorism initiatives. American University Law Review, 51 (6), 1081–1133.
  • Wu, Y., Sun, I.Y., and Triplett, R.A., 2009. Race, class, or neighborhood context: which matters more in measuring satisfaction with police? Justice quarterly, 26, 125–156. doi: 10.1080/07418820802119950
  • You, J.S., 2006. A comparative study of corruption, inequality, and social trust: institutions, intervention, and ethnic conflict. Doctoral dissertation. Harvard University.
  • Zhao, S., Scheider, M., and Thurman, Q., 2002. The effect of police presence on public fear reduction and satisfaction: a review of the literature. The justice professional, 15, 273–299. doi: 10.1080/0888431021000049471

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.