References
- Ashby, M.P.J., 2017. The value of CCTV surveillance cameras as an investigative tool: an empirical analysis. European journal on criminal policy and research, 23 (3), 441–459.
- Brady, P.Q. and King, W.R., 2017. Technology and homicide investigation. In: F. Brookman, E.R. Maguire, and M. Maguire, eds. The handbook of homicide. Chichester: Wiley Blackwell, 517–532.
- Braun, V. and Clarke, V., 2006. Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative research in psychology, 3, 77–101.
- British Society of Criminology. 2015. British Society of Criminology statement of ethics [online]. Available from: https://www.britsoccrim.org/documents/BSCEthics2015.pdf [Accessed 29 Oct 2015].
- Brookman, F., 2015. Researching homicide suspects, offenses and detectives using qualitative methods. In: H. Copes, and J. Mitchell Miller, eds. The Routledge handbook of qualitative criminology. London: Routledge, 236–252.
- Brookman, F., et al., 2020. Dead reckoning: unravelling how “homicide” cases travel from crime scene to court using qualitative research methods. Homicide studies [online]. Available from: https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1177/1088767920907374 [Accessed 26 June 2020].
- Brookman, F. and Innes, M., 2013. The problem of success: what is a “good” homicide investigation? Policing and society: an international journal of research and policy, 23, 292–310.
- Brookman, F., Maguire, E., and Maguire, M., 2019. What factors influence whether homicide cases are solved? Insights from qualitative research with detectives in Great Britain and the USA. Homicide studies, 23 (2), 145–174.
- Casey, E., 2019a. Editorial. Trust in digital evidence. Forensic science international: digital investigation, 31, 200898.
- Casey, E., 2019b. The chequered past and risky future of digital forensics. Australian journal of forensic sciences, 51 (6), 649–664.
- Cole, S.A., 2017. Changed science statutes: can courts accommodate accelerating forensic scientific and technological change? Jurimetrics, 57 (4), 443–458.
- Cole, S.A. and Bertenthal, A., 2017. Science, technology, society, and law. Annual review of law and social science, 13 (1), 351–371.
- College of Policing. 2020. Investigation. Passive data generators [online]. Available from: https://www.app.college.police.uk/app-content/investigations/investigative-strategies/passive-data-generators/#:~:text=Investigation-,Passive%20data%20generators,can%20be%20accessed%20by%20investigators.&text=financial%20information,-CCTV [Accessed 8 June 2020].
- Cook, T., 2019. Blackstone’s senior investigating officers’ handbook. 5th ed. Oxford, England: Oxford University Press.
- Corbin, J. and Strauss, A., 2008. Basics of qualitative research. 3rd ed. Los Angeles, California: SAGE.
- Davies, B., Innes, M., and Dawson, A., 2018. An evaluation of South Wales police’s use of automated facial recognition. Cardiff: UPSI.
- Dowling, C., et al., 2019. How do police use CCTV footage in criminal investigations? Trends and issues in crime and criminal justice, 575, 1–15.
- Edmond, G., 2010. Impartiality, efficiency or reliability? A critical response to expert evidence law and procedure in Australia. Australian journal of forensic sciences, 42 (2), 83–99.
- Edmond, G., 2013. Just truth? Carefully applying history, philosophy and sociology of science to the forensic use of CCTV images. Studies in history and philosophy of science part C: studies in history and philosophy of biological and biomedical sciences, 44 (1), 80–91.
- Evison, M.P., 2015. The third forensics – images and allusions. Policing and society, 25 (5), 521–539.
- [2020] EWCA Civ 1058, [online]. Available from: https://www.judiciary.uk/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/R-Bridges-v-CC-South-Wales-ors-Judgment.pdf [Accessed 30 Nov 2020].
- Forensic Science Regulator, 2016. Forensic image comparison and interpretation evidence: Guidance for prosecutors and investigators. Issue 2 [online]. Available from: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/511168/Image_Comparison_and_Interpretation_Guidance_Issue_2.pdf [Accessed 5 June 2020].
- Geertz, C., 1973. The interpretation of cultures: selected essays. New York: Basic Books.
- Gerell, M., 2020. CCTV in deprived neighbourhoods – a short-time follow-up of effects on crime and crime clearance. Nordic journal of criminology. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/2578983X.2020.1816023 [Accessed 30 November 2020].
- Gerrard, G., 2007. CCTV and major incident investigation: professionalising the police approach. The journal of homicide and major incident investigation, 3 (2), 7–20.
- Gill, M. and Spriggs, A., 2005. Assessing the impact of CCTV. Home Office research study 292 [online]. Available from: https://techfak.uni-bielefeld.de/~iluetkeb/2006/surveillance/paper/social_effect/CCTV_report.pdf [Accessed 3 June 2020].
- Goodwin, C., 1994. Professional vision. American anthropologist, 96, 606–633.
- Hadjimatheou, K., 2017. Surveillance technologies, wrongful criminalisation, and the presumption of innocence. Philosophy & technology, 30, 39–54.
- Hak, J., 2019. Evaluation of the forensic science regulator's recommendations regarding image comparison evidence. Forensic science international: synergy, 1, 294–297.
- Home Office, Association of Police and Crime Commissioners, and National Police Chiefs’ Council, 2018. Forensics review. Review of the provision of forensic science to the criminal justice system in England and Wales [online]. Available from: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/800447/Joint-review-of-forensics-provision-July-2018.pdf [Accessed 30 April 2019].
- House of Lords Science and Technology Select Committee, 2019. Forensic science and the criminal justice system: A blueprint for change [online]. Available from: https://publications.parliament.uk/pa/ld201719/ldselect/ldsctech/333/333.pdf [Accessed 2 May 2019].
- Jasanoff, S., 2006. Just evidence: The limits of science in the legal process. The journal of law, medicine & ethics, 34, 328–341.
- Jung, Y. and Wheeler, A.P., 2019. The effect of public surveillance cameras on crime clearance rates [online]. Available from: https://osf.io/preprints/socarxiv/eh5bg/ [Accessed 30 Nov 2020].
- Kim, S., 2016. Alternative truths: the construction of narratives in the Rodney King trial. Elements, 12 (2), 83–96.
- Kruse, C., 2016. The social life of forensic evidence. Oakland, CA: California University.
- La Vigne, N.G., et al., 2011. Evaluating the use of public surveillance cameras for crime control and prevention [online]. Available from: https://www.urban.org/sites/default/files/publication/27556/412403-evaluating-the-use-of-public-surveillance-cameras-for-crime-control-and-prevention_1.pdf [Accessed 4 June 2020].
- Levesley, T. and Martin, A., 2005. Police attitudes to and use of CCTV. Home Office Online Report 09/05 [online]. Available from: https://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20110218141420/http://rds.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/pdfs05/rdsolr0905.pdf [Accessed 29 May 2020].
- Lynch, M., et al., 2008. Truth machine: the contentious history of DNA fingerprinting. Chicago, Illinois: Chicago University.
- Maras, M.-H. and Alexandrou, A., 2019. Determining authenticity of video evidence in the age of artificial intelligence and in the wake of Deepfake videos. The international journal of evidence & proof, 23 (3), 255–262.
- McCartney, C., 2018. Commentary: disclosure in the criminal justice system. Journal of forensic and legal medicine, 58, 72–73.
- McEwan, T. and Regoeczi, W., 2015. Forensic evidence in homicide investigations and prosecutions. Journal of forensic sciences, 60 (5), 1188–1198.
- Milliet, Q., Delemont, O., and Margot, P., 2014. A forensic science perspective on the role of images in crime investigation and reconstruction. Science & justice, 54 (6), 470–480.
- Morgan, N., et al., 2020. Trends and drivers of homicide: Main findings data tables [online]. Available from: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/trends-and-drivers-of-homicide-main-findings [Accessed 4 Dec 2020].
- Morgan, A. and Dowlng, C., 2019. Does CCTV help police solve crime? Trends and issues in crime and criminal justice, 576, 1–16.
- Piza, E.L., 2018. The history, policy implications, and knowledge gaps of the CCTV literature: insights for the development of body-worn video camera research. International criminal justice review, April 2018, 1–21.
- Piza, E.L., et al., 2019. CCTV surveillance for crime prevention. A 40-year systematic review with meta-analysis. Criminology & public policy, 18, 135–159.
- Police Foundation, 2014. The briefing – CCTV [online]. Available from: http://www.police-foundation.org.uk/2017/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/cctv.pdf [Accessed 30 Nov 2020].
- Porter, G., 2007. Visual culture in forensic science. Australian journal of forensic sciences, 39 (2), 81–91.
- Porter, G., 2012. Zak Coronial Inquest and the interpretation of photographic evidence. Current issues in criminal justice, 24 (1), 39–49.
- Porter, G. and Kennedy, M., 2012. Photographic truth and evidence. Australian journal of forensic sciences, 44 (2), 183–192.
- Robin, L., Peterson, B.E., and Lawrence, D.S., 2020. How do close-circuit television cameras impact crime and clearances? An evaluation of the Milwaukee police department’s public surveillance system. Police practice and research, doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/15614263.2020.1772783.
- Roycroft, M., 2007. What solves hard to solve murders? Identifying the solving factors for Category A and Category B murders. Does the SIO’s decision making make a difference? Journal of homicide and major incident investigation, 3 (1), 93–107.
- Scottish Government, 2020. Homicide in Scotland 2019–2020: Statistics [online]. Available from: https://www.gov.scot/publications/homicide-scotland-2019-2020/ [Accessed 4 Dec 2020].
- Sloan, J.J., 2015. There’s no code of ethics to govern digital forensics –and we need one [online]. Available from: https://theconversation.com/theres-no-code-of-ethics-to-governdigital-forensics-and-we-need-one-45755 [Accessed 26 June 2020].
- Smit, N.M., Morgan, R.M., and Lagnado, D.A., 2018. A systematic analysis of misleading evidence in unsafe rulings in England and Wales. Science & justice, 58 (2), 128–137.
- Stelfox, P., 2009. Criminal investigation. An introduction to principles and practice. Cullompton: Willan.
- Sunde, N., and Dror, I.E., 2019. Cognitive and human factors in digital forensics: problems, challenges, and the way forward. Digital investigation, 29, 101–108.
- Surveillance Camera Commissioner, 2016. Surveillance Camera Commissioner’s IFSEC speech [online]. Available from: https://www.gov.uk/government/speeches/surveillance-camera-commissioners-ifsec-speech [Accessed 28 May 2020].
- Surveillance Camera Commissioner, 2017. A national surveillance camera strategy for England and Wales [online]. Available from: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/608818/NSCS_Strategy_post_consultation.pdf [Accessed 28 May 2020].
- Tully, G., 2020. Forensic Science Regulator Annual Report 17 Nov 2018–16 Nov 2019 [online]. Available from: https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/877607/20200225_FSR_Annual_Report_2019_Final.pdf [Accessed 25 Feb 2020].
- Tully, G. and Stockdale, M., 2019. Commentary on: Hak. Evaluation of the forensic science regulator's recommendations regarding image comparison evidence. Forensic science international: synergy, 1, 298–301.
- Tully, G., et al., 2020. Quality standards for digital forensics: learning from experience in England & Wales. Forensic science international: digital investigation, 32, 200905.
- Vincze, E.A., 2016. Challenges in digital forensics. Police practice and research: an international journal, 17 (2), 183–194.
- Wilson-Kovacs, D., 2019. Effective resource management in digital forensics. An exploratory analysis of triage practices in four English constabularies. Policing: an international journal, 43 (1), 77–90.