266
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

Does the Digital Environment Evoke Anxiety Cycles in Romantic Relationships? The Roles of Social–Interpersonal and Individual Factors in Cyberdating Abuse Perpetration

ORCID Icon, ORCID Icon & ORCID Icon
Received 07 Nov 2022, Accepted 13 Apr 2023, Published online: 07 May 2023

References

  • Alvarez, A. R. (2012). “IH8U”: Confronting cyberbullying and exploring the use of cybertools in teen dating relationships. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 68(11), 1205–1215. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.21920
  • Archer, J., & Coyne, S. M. (2005). An integrated review of indirect, relational, and social aggression. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 9(3), 212–230. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15327957pspr0903_2
  • Arnett, J. J. (2000). Emerging adulthood: A theory of development from the late teens through the twenties. The American Psychologist, 55(5), 469. 469–480. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.55.5.469
  • Barbaro, N., & Shackelford, T. K. (2019). Environmental unpredictability in childhood is associated with anxious romantic attachment and intimate partner violence perpetration. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 34(2), 240–269. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260516640548
  • Barter, C. A., Stanley, N., Wood, M., Lanau, A., Aghtaie, N., Larkins, C., & Overlien, C. (2017). Young people’s online and face-to-face experiences of interpersonal violence and abuse and their subjective impact across five European countries. Psychology of Violence, 7(3), 375–384. https://doi.org/10.1037/vio0000096
  • Bevan, J. L. (2017). Romantic jealousy in face-to-face and technologically-mediated interactions: A communicative interdependence perspective. Western Journal of Communication, 81(4), 466–482. https://doi.org/10.1080/10570314.2017.1283048
  • Birtchnell, J. (1991). Redefining dependence: A reply to Cadbury’s critique. British Journal of Medical Psychology, 64(3), 253–261. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2044-8341.1991.tb01664.x
  • Borrajo, E., Gámez-Guadix, M., Pereda, N., & Calvete, E. (2015). The development and validation of the cyber dating abuse questionnaire among young couples. Computers in Human Behavior, 48, 358–365. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.01.063
  • Bowlby, J. (1969). Attachment and loss: Vol. 1. Attachment. Basic Books.
  • Bowlby, J. (1973). Attachment and loss: Vol. 2. Separation: Anxiety and anger. Basic Books.
  • Bowlby, J. (1988). A secure base: Parent-child attachment and healthy human development. Basic Books.
  • Brassard, A., Shaver, P. R., & Lussier, Y. (2007). Attachment, sexual experience, and sexual pressure in romantic relationships: A dyadic approach. Personal Relationships, 14(3), 475–493. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1475-6811.2007.00166.x
  • Brown, C., & Hegarty, K. (2021). Development and validation of the TAR Scale: A measure of technology-facilitated abuse in relationships. Computers in Human Behavior Reports, 3, 100059. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chbr.2021.100059
  • Bui, N. H., & Pasalich, D. S. (2021). Insecure attachment, maladaptive personality traits, and the perpetration of in-person and cyber psychological abuse. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 36(5–6), 2117–2139. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260518760332
  • Butler, L. C., Fissel, E. R., Gildea, B., & Fisher, B. S. (2023). Understanding intimate partner cyber abuse across partnership categories based on gender identity and sexual orientation. Victims & Offenders, 18(1), 77–100. https://doi.org/10.1080/15564886.2022.2139032
  • Caridade, S., Braga, T., & Borrajo, E. (2019). Cyber dating abuse (CDA): Evidence from a systematic review. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 48, 152–168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2019.08.018
  • Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences. Routledge Academic.
  • Deans, H., & Bhogal, M. S. (2019). Perpetrating cyber dating abuse: A brief report on the role of aggression, romantic jealousy and gender. Current Psychology, 38(5), 1077–1082. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-017-9715-4
  • Díaz-Aguado, M. J. (2003). Adolescencia, sexismo y violencia de género. Papeles del Psicólogo, 23(84), 35–44. http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=77808404
  • Diekman, A. B., & Eagly, A. H. (2008). On men, women, and motivation: A role congruity account. In J. Y. Shah & W. L. Gardner (Eds.), Handbook of motivation science (pp. 434–447). Guilford Press.
  • Doucette, H., Collibee, C., Hood, E., Gittins Stone, D. I., DeJesus, B., & Rizzo, C. J. (2021). Perpetration of electronic intrusiveness among adolescent women: Associations with in-person dating violence. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 36(11–12), NP6581–NP6601. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260518815725
  • Eagly, A. H. (1987). Sex differences in social behavior: A social-role interpretation. Lawrence Erlbaum.
  • Eagly, A. H., Wood, W., & Johannesen-Schmidt, M. C. (2004). Social role theory of sex differences and similarities: Implications for the partner preferences of women and men. The psychology of gender (2nd ed.). Guilford.
  • Felmlee, D., & Faris, R. (2016). Toxic ties: Networks of friendship, dating, and cyber victimization. Social Psychology Quarterly, 79(3), 243–262. https://doi.org/10.1177/0190272516656585
  • Fernández-González, L., Calvete, E., & Orue, I. (2020). Adolescent dating violence stability and mutuality: A 4-year longitudinal study. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 35(9–10), 2012–2032. https://doi.org/10.1177/08862605176999
  • Fraley, R. C., Waller, N. G., & Brennan, K. A. (2000). An item response theory analysis of self-report measures of adult attachment. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78(2), 350–365. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.78.2.350
  • Frampton, J. R., & Fox, J. (2018). Social media’s role in romantic partners’ retroactive jealousy: Social comparison, uncertainty, and information seeking. Social Media + Society, 4(3), 205630511880031. https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305118800317
  • Fuertes, A. A. F., Orgaz, B., Fuertes, A., & Carcedo, R. (2011). La evaluación del apego romántico en adolescentes españoles: Validación de la versión reducida del Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised (ECR-R). Anales de Psicología/Annals of Psychology, 27(3), 827–833. https://revistas.um.es/analesps/article/view/135561
  • Gámez-Guadix, M., Borrajo, E., & Calvete, E. (2018). Partner abuse, control and violence through internet and smartphones: Characteristics, evaluation and prevention. Papeles del Psicólogo, 39(3), 218–227. https://doi.org/10.23923/pap.psicol2018.2874
  • Glick, P., & Fiske, S. T. (1996). The Ambivalent Sexism Inventory: Differentiating hostile and benevolent sexism. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 70(3), 491–512. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.70.3.491
  • Gómez-Franco, E., & Sendín, J. C. (2014). Internet como refugio y escudo social: Usos problemáticos de la Red por jóvenes españoles. Comunicar, 22(43), 45–53. https://doi.org/10.3916/C43-2014-04
  • Gormley, B., & López, F. G. (2010). Correlates of psychological abuse perpetration in college dating relationships. Journal of College Counseling, 13(1), 4–16. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2161-1882.2010.tb00044.x
  • Hammond, M. D., & Overall, N. C. (2017). Dynamics within intimate relationships and the causes, consequences, and functions of sexist attitudes. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 26(2), 120–125. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721416686213
  • Harris, C. R., & Darby, R. S. (2010). Jealousy in adulthood. In S. L. Hart & M. Legerstee (Eds.), Handbook of jealousy: Theory, research, and multidisciplinary approaches (pp. 547–571). Wiley Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444323542.ch23
  • Hayes, A. F. (2018). Introduction to mediation, moderation, and conditional process analysis: A regression-based approach. The Guilford Press.
  • Hazan, C., & Shaver, P. R. (1987). Romantic love conceptualized as an attachment process. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 52(3), 511–524. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.52.3.511
  • Jaffe, P. (1989). Review of The domestic assault of women: Psychological and criminal justice perspectives [Review of the book The domestic assault of women: Psychological and criminal justice perspectives, by D. A. Dutton]. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science / Revue canadienne des sciences du comportement, 21(2), 236–237. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0084817
  • Karantzas, G. C., McCabe, M. P., Karantzas, K. M., Pizzirani, B., Campbell, H., & Mullins, E. R. (2016). Attachment style and less severe forms of sexual coercion: A systematic review. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 45(5), 1053–1068. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-015-0600-7
  • Kim, J. L., Sorsoli, C. L., Collins, K., Zylbergold, B. A., Schooler, D., & Tolman, D. L. (2007). From sex to sexuality: Exposing the heterosexual script on primetime network television. Journal of Sex Research, 44(2), 145–157. https://doi.org/10.1080/00224490701263660
  • Lawson, D. M., & Malnar, S. G. (2011). Interpersonal problems as a mediator between attachment and intimate partner violence. Journal of Family Violence, 26(6), 421–430. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-011-9376-2
  • Li, T., & Chan, D. K. S. (2012). How anxious and avoidant attachment affect romantic relationship quality differently: A meta‐analytic review. European Journal of Social Psychology, 42(4), 406–419. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.1842
  • Loinaz, I., & Echeburúa, E. (2012). Apego adulto en agresores de pareja [Adult attachment in couple perpetrators]. Acción Psicológica, 9(1), 33–46. https://doi.org/10.5944/ap.9.1.435
  • López-Zafra, E., García-Retamero, R., Diekman, A., & Eagly, A. H. (2008). Dinámica de estereotipos de género y poder: Un estudio transcultural. Revista de Psicología Social, 23(2), 213–219. https://doi.org/10.1174/021347408784135788
  • Lowe, S. R., Dillon, C. O., Rhodes, J. E., & Zwiebach, L. (2013). Defining adult experiences: Perspectives of a diverse sample of young adults. Journal of Adolescent Research, 28(1), 31–68. https://doi.org/10.1177/0743558411435854
  • Marganski, A., & Fauth, K. (2013). Socially interactive technology and contemporary dating: A cross-cultural exploration of deviant behaviors among young adults in the modern, evolving technological world. International Criminal Justice Review, 23(4), 357–377. https://doi.org/10.1177/1057567713513797
  • Mauricio, A. M., & Gormley, B. (2001). Male perpetration of physical violence against female partners: The interaction of dominance needs and attachment insecurity. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 16(10), 1066–1081. https://doi.org/10.1177/088626001016010006
  • Muise, A. M. Y., Christofides, E., & Desmarais, S. (2014). “Creeping” or just information seeking? Gender differences in partner monitoring in response to jealousy on Facebook. Personal Relationships, 21(1), 35–50. https://doi.org/10.1111/pere.12014
  • Neubauer, A. B., Smyth, J. M., & Sliwinski, M. J. (2019). Age differences in proactive coping with minor hassles in daily life. The Journals of Gerontology, 74(1), 7–16. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gby061CrossRefGoogleScholarPubMed
  • Oleszkowicz, A., & Misztela, A. (2015). How do young poles perceive their adulthood? Journal of Adolescent Research, 30(6), 683–709. https://doi.org/10.1177/0743558415569727
  • Perles, F., San Martín, J., & Canto, J. M. (2019). Gender and conflict resolution strategies in Spanish teen couples: Their relationship with jealousy and emotional dependency. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 34(7), 1461–1486. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260516651316
  • Reed, L. A., Tolman, R. M., & Safyer, P. (2015). Too close for comfort: Attachment insecurity and electronic intrusion in college students’ dating relationships. Computers in Human Behavior, 50, 431–438. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.03.050
  • Reed, L. A., Lawler, S. M., Cosgrove, J. M., Tolman, R. M., & Ward, L. M. (2021a). “It was a joke:” Patterns in girls’ and boys’ self-reported motivations for digital dating abuse behaviors. Children and Youth Services Review, 122, 105883. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105883
  • Reed, L. A., Ward, L. M., Tolman, R. M., Lippman, J. R., & Seabrook, R. C. (2021b). The association between stereotypical gender and dating beliefs and digital dating abuse perpetration in adolescent dating relationships. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 36(9–10), NP5561–NP5585. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260518801933
  • Ruggieri, S., Bonfanti, R. C., Passanisi, A., Pace, U., & Schimmenti, A. (2021). Electronic surveillance in the couple: The role of self-efficacy and commitment. Computers in Human Behavior, 114, 106577. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2020.106577
  • Sánchez, V., Muñoz-Fernández, N., & Ortega-Ruíz, R. (2015). “Cyberdating Q_A”: An instrument to assess the quality of adolescent dating relationships in social networks. Computers in Human Behavior, 48, 78–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.01.006
  • Sánchez-Hernández, M. D., Herrera-Enríquez, M. C., & Expósito, F. (2020). Controlling behaviors in couple relationships in the digital age: Acceptability of gender violence, sexism, and myths about romantic love. Psychosocial Intervention, 29(2), 67–81. https://doi.org/10.5093/pi2020a1
  • Schoemann, A. M., Boulton, A. J., & Short, S. D. (2017). Determining power and sample size for simple and complex mediation models. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 8(4), 379–386. https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550617750734
  • Schokkenbroek, J. M., Hardyns, W., & Ponnet, K. (2022). Phubbed and curious: The relation between partner phubbing and electronic partner surveillance. Computers in Human Behavior, 137, 107425. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2022.107425
  • Seabrook, R. C., Ward, L. M., Reed, L., Manago, A., Giaccardi, S., & Lippman, J. R. (2016). Our scripted sexuality: The development and validation of a measure of the heterosexual script and its relation to television consumption. Emerging Adulthood, 4(5), 338–355. https://doi.org/10.1177/2167696815623686
  • Simpson, J. A., & Rholes, W. S. (2012). Adult attachment orientations, stress, and romantic relationships. In Advances in experimental social psychology (Vol. 45, pp. 279–328). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-394286-9.00006-8
  • Smith, K., Cénat, J. M., Lapierre, A., Dion, J., Hébert, M., & Côté, K. (2018). Cyber dating violence: Prevalence and correlates among high school students from small urban areas in Quebec. Journal of Affective Disorders, 234, 220–223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2018.02.043
  • Sommer, J., Babcock, J., & Sharp, C. (2017). A dyadic analysis of partner violence and adult attachment. Journal of Family Violence, 32(3), 279–290. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10896-016-9868-1
  • Soriano-Ayala, E., Cala, V. C., & Orpinas, P. (2023). Prevalence and predictors of perpetration of cyberviolence against a dating partner: A cross-cultural study with Moroccan and Spanish youth. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 38(3–4), 4366–4389. https://doi.org/10.1177/08862605221115111
  • Soto, A. M., & Ibabe, I. (2022). Recommended instruments for analyzing cyber dating violence: A systematic review. The Spanish Journal of Psychology, 25, e4. https://doi.org/10.1017/SJP.2021.50
  • Statista. (2020c). Ranking de países con mayor número de usuarios de Instagram a nivel mundial en enero de 2020. https://es.statista.com/estadisticas/875291/paises-con-mayor-numero-de-usuarios-de-instagram/
  • Stonard, K. E., Bowen, E., Walker, K., & Price, S. A. (2017). “They’ll always find a way to get to you”: Technology use in adolescent romantic relationships and its role in dating violence and abuse. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 32(14), 2083–2117. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260515590787
  • Stosny, S. (1995). Treating attachment abuse: A compassionate approach. Springer.
  • Sugihara, Y., & Warner, J. A. (2002). Dominance and domestic abuse among Mexican Americans: Gender differences in the etiology of violence in intimate relationships. Journal of Family Violence, 17(4), 315–340. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1020318532350
  • Sullivan, K. T. (2021). Attachment style and jealousy in the digital age: Do attitudes about online communication matter? Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 678542. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.678542
  • Tokunaga, R. S. (2011). Social networking site or social surveillance site? Understanding the use of interpersonal electronic surveillance in romantic relationships. Computers in Human Behavior, 27(2), 705–713. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2010.08.014
  • Toplu-Demirtaş, E., Akcabozan-Kayabol, N. B., Araci-Iyiaydin, A., & Fincham, F. D. (2022). Unraveling the roles of distrust, suspicion of infidelity, and jealousy in cyber dating abuse perpetration: An attachment theory perspective. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 37(3–4), NP1432–NP1462. https://doi.org/10.1177/088626052097505
  • Utz, S., & Beukeboom, C. J. (2011). The role of social network sites in romantic relationships: Effects on jealousy and relationship happiness. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 16(4), 511–527. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2011.01552.x
  • Van Ouytsel, J., Van Gool, E., Walrave, M., Ponnet, K., & Peeters, E. (2016). Exploring the role of social networking sites within adolescent romantic relationships and dating experiences. Computers in Human Behavior, 55, 76–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2015.08.042
  • van Ouytsel, J., Walrave, M., Ponnet, K., Willems, A. S., & Van Dam, M. (2019). Adolescents’ perceptions of digital media’s potential to elicit jealousy, conflict and monitoring behaviors within romantic relationships. Cyberpsychology: Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace, 13(3), 3. https://doi.org/10.5817/CP2019-3-3
  • Vaterlaus, J. M., Tulane, S., Porter, B. D., & Beckert, T. E. (2018). The perceived influence of media and technology on adolescent romantic relationships. Journal of Adolescent Research, 33(6), 651–671. https://doi.org/10.1177/0743558417712611
  • Vázquez, T. D., Hurtado, M. J. R., & Baños, R. V. (2018). La adolescencia ante la violencia de género 2.0: Concepciones, conductas y experiencias. Educación Xx1, 21(1), 109–133. https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=70653466006
  • Víllora, B., Navarro, R., & Yubero, S. (2021). The role of social-interpersonal and cognitive-individual factors in cyber dating victimization and perpetration: Comparing the direct, control, and combined forms of abuse. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 36(17–18), 8559–8584. https://doi.org/10.1177/0886260519851172
  • Walby, S., & Towers, J. (2018). Untangling the concept of coercive control: Theorizing domestic violent crime. Criminology & Criminal Justice, 18(1), 7–28. https://doi.org/10.1177/1748895817743541
  • White, J. W. (2001). Aggression and gender. En J. Worell (Ed.), Encyclopedia of women and gender (Vol.1, pp.81–93). Academic Press.
  • Wolins, L. (1995). A Monte Carlo study of constrained factor analysis using maximum likelihood and unweighted least squares. Educational and Psychological Measurement, 55(4), 545–557. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013164495055004003
  • Wood, W., & Eagly, A. H. (2002). A cross-cultural analysis of the behavior of women and men: Implications for the origins of sex differences. Psychological Bulletin, 128(5), 699–727. https://doi.org/10.1037//0033-2909.128.5.699
  • World Health Organization (WHO). (2021, 9 March). Violence against women. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/violence-against-women#:∼:text=Intimate%20partner%20violence%20refers%20to,psychological%20abuse%20and%20controlling%20behaviours.
  • Wright, M. F. (2015). Cyberaggression within adolescents’ romantic relationships: Linkages to parental and partner attachment. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 44(1), 37–47. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-014-0147-2
  • Wright, M. F. (2017). Intimate partner aggression and adult attachment insecurity: The mediation of jealousy and anger. Evolutionary Behavioral Sciences, 11(2), 187–198. https://doi.org/10.1037/ebs0000097
  • Zweig, J. M., Dank, M., Lachman, P., Yahner, J. (2013). Technology, teen dating violence and abuse, and bullying. The Urban Institute. Retrieved from http://www.iacpyouth. org/portals/0/resources/teen_dating_violence.pdf.
  • Zweig, J. M., Lachman, P., Yahner, J., & Dank, M. (2014). Correlates of cyber dating abuse among teens. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 43(8), 1306–1321. https://doi.org/10.1007/s1096

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.