References
- Atkinson , P. and Hammersley , M. 1994 . “ Ethnography and participant observation ” . In Handbook of qualitative research , Edited by: Denzin , N. K. and Lincoln , Y. S. Thousand Oaks, CA : Sage .
- Barton , A. C. and Osborne , M. D. 2001 . “ Transforming the “harsh world” science with/for social action ” . In Science education as/for sociopolitical action , Edited by: Roth , W. M. and Desautels , J. New York : Routledge .
- Barton , A. C. and Tobin , K. 2001 . Urban science education . Journal of Research in Science Teaching , 38 (8) : 843 – 846 .
- Beers , G. K. 2003 . When kids can’t read, what teachers can do: A guide for teachers , 6 – 12 . Portsmouth, NH : Heinemann .
- Bingham , C. W. and Sidorkin , A. M. 2004 . No education without relation , New York : Peter Lang .
- Champagne , A. L. and Kouba , V. L. 2000 . “ Writing to inquire: Written products as performance measures ” . In Assessing science understanding: A human constructivist view , Edited by: Mintzes , J. J. , Wandersee , J. H. and Novak , J. D. 223 – 248 . New York : Academic Press .
- Condron , D. J. and Roscigno , V. J. 2003 . Disparities within: Unequal spending and achievement in an urban school district . Sociology of Education , 76 (1) : 18
- Elmesky , R. 2005 . “ Playing on the streets––solidarity in the classroom: Weak cultural boundaries and the implications for urban science education ” . In Improving urban science education: New roles for teachers, students, & researchers , Edited by: Tobin , K. , Elmesky , R. and Seiler , G. Lanham, MD : Rowman & Littefield .
- Fine , M. 1991 . Framing dropouts: Notes on the politics of an urban public high school , Albany, NY : SUNY Press .
- Fordham , S. 1991 . “ Peer‐proofing academic competiton among black adolescents: “Acting white” black American style ” . In Empowerment through multicultural education , Edited by: Sleeter , C. E. 69 – 94 . Albany, NY : SUNY Press .
- Gay , G. 2002 . Preparing for culturally responsive teaching . Journal of Teacher Education , 53 (2) : 106 – 116 .
- Hammersley , M. and Atkinson , P. 1983 . Ethnography, principles in practice , London : Tavistock .
- Harding , S. 1998 . Is science multicultural: Postcolonolialisms, feminisms, and epistemologies , Bloomington, IN : Indiana University Press .
- Ingram , M. and Kelley , A. 1993 . Bottle biology: An idea book for exploring the world through plastic bottles and other recyclable materials , Dubuque, IA : Kendall .
- Irvine , J. J. and Armento , B. J. 2001 . Culturally responsive teaching: Lesson planning for elementary and middle grades , Boston, MA : McGraw‐Hill .
- Johnson , A. G. 2001 . Privilege, power and difference , Mountain View, CA : Mayfield .
- Knapp , M. 1995 . Teaching for meaning in high‐poverty classrooms , New York : Teachers College Press .
- Lee , O. 2002 . “ Promoting scientific inquiry with elementary students from diverse cultures and languages ” . In Review of research in education , Edited by: Secada , W. C. Vol. 26 , 23 – 69 . Washington, DC : American Educational Research Association .
- Maher , F. A. and Tetreault , M. K. T. 1993 . Doing feminist ethnography: Lessons from feminist classrooms . Qualitative Studies in Education , 6 (1) : 19 – 32 .
- Ogbu , J. 1995 . Cultural problems in minority education: Their interpretations and consequences––Part one: Theoretical background . The Urban Review , 27 (3) : 189 – 205 .
- Osborne , M. D. 1999 . Constructing knowledge in the elementary school science classroom: Teachers and students , New York : Peter Lang .
- Prain , V. 2007 . Learning from writing in secondary science: Some theoretical and practical implications . International Journal of Science Education , 28 (2) : 179 – 201 .
- Roth , W. M. and Lee , S. 2004 . Science education as/for participation in the community . Science Education , 88 (2) : 263 – 291 .
- Tobin , K. , Elmesky , R. and Seiler , G. 2005 . Improving urban science education: New roles for teachers, students, and researchers , Lanham, MD : Rowman & Littlefield .
- Tobin , K. and Tippins , D. 1993 . “ Constructivism as a referent for teaching and learning ” . In The practice of constructivism in science teaching , Edited by: Tobin , K. Hillsdale, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum .
- von Glaserfeld , E. 1993 . “ Questions and answers about radical constructivism ” . In The practice of constructivism in science education , Edited by: Tobin , K. 23 – 38 . Hillsdale, NJ : Lawrence Erlbaum .
- Williams , S. W. 1991 . “ Classroom use of African American language: Educational tool or social weapon? ” . In Empowerment through multicultural education , Edited by: Sleeter , C. E. 199 – 216 . Albany, NY : SUNY Press .