Intuition in Judgment and Decision Making: Extensive Thinking Without Effort

References

• Acker , F. 2008 . New findings on unconscious versus conscious thought in decision making: Additional empirical data and meta-analysis . Judgment and Decision Making. , 3 : 292 – 303 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Amenta , S. and Balconi , M. 2008 . Understanding irony: An ERP analysis on the elaboration of acoustic ironic statements . Neuropsychological Trends. , 3 : 7 – 27 .
   Google Scholar
• Beach , L. R. and Mitchell , T. R. 1978 . A contingency model for the selection of decision strategies . Academy Management Review. , 3 : 439 – 449 .
   Google Scholar
• Betsch , T. 2005 . “ Preference theory—An affect-based approach to recurrent decision making ” . In The routines of decision making , Edited by: Betsch , T. and Haberstroh , S. 39 – 65 . Mahwah, NJ : Erlbaum .
   Google Scholar
• Betsch , T. 2008 . “ The nature of intuition and its neglect in research on judgment and decision making ” . In Intuition in judgment and decision making , Edited by: Plessner , H. , Betsch , C. and Betsch , T. 3 – 22 . New York, NY : Erlbaum .
   Google Scholar
• Betsch , T. , Fiedler , K. and Brinkmann , B. J. 1998 . Behavioral routines in decision making: The effects of novelty in task presentation and time pressure on routine maintenance and deviation . European Journal of Social Psychology. , 28 : 861 – 878 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Betsch , T. , Haberstroh , S. and Höhle , C. 2002 . Explaining routinized decision making—A review of theories and models . Theory and Psychology. , 12 : 453 – 488 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Betsch , T. , Haberstroh , S. , Molter , B. and Glöckner , A. 2004 . Oops, I did it again—Relapse errors in routinized decision making . Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes. , 93 : 62 – 74 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Betsch , T. , Hoffmann , K. , Hoffrage , U. and Plessner , H. 2003 . Intuition beyond recognition: When less familiar events are liked more . Experimental Psychology. , 50 : 49 – 54 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Betsch , T. , Kaufmann , M. , Lindow , F. , Plessner , H. and Hoffmann , K. 2006 . Different principles of information aggregation in implicit and explicit attitude formation . European Journal of Social Psychology. , 36 : 887 – 905 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Betsch , T. , Plessner , H. and Schallies , E. 2004 . “ The value-account model of attitude formation ” . In Contemporary perspectives on the psychology of attitudes , Edited by: Maio , G. R. and Haddock , G. 251 – 273 . Hove, , UK : Psychology Press .
   Google Scholar
• Betsch , T. , Plessner , H. and Schallies , E. 2004 . “ The value-account model of attitude formation ” . In Contemporary perspectives on the psychology of attitudes , Edited by: Maio , G. R. and Haddock , G. 251 – 273 . London, , UK : Psychology Press .
   Google Scholar
• Betsch , T. , Plessner , H. , Schwieren , C. and Gütig , R. 2001 . I like it but I don't know why: A value-account approach to implicit attitude formation . Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin. , 27 : 242 – 253 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Brehmer , B. 1994 . The psychology of linear judgement models . Acta Psychologica. , 87 : 137 – 154 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Bröder , A. 2003 . Decision making with the “adaptive toolbox”: Influence of environmental structure, intelligence, and working memory load . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition. , 29 : 611 – 625 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chaiken , S. and Trope , Y. 1999 . Dual-process theories in social psychology , New York, NY : Guilford .
   Google Scholar
• Davidson , D. and Hudson , J. 1988 . The effects of decision reversibility and decision importance on children's decision making . Journal of Experimental Child Psychology. , 46 : 35 – 40 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dawes , R. M. 1998 . “ Behavioral decision making and judgment ” . In The handbook of social psychology—Fourth edition , Edited by: Gilbert , D. T. , Fiske , S. T. and Lindzey , G. Vol. 1 , 497 – 548 . Boston : McGraw-Hill .
   Google Scholar
• DeKay , M. L. , Patino-Echeverri , D. and Fischbeck , P. S. 2009a . Better safe than sorry: precautionary reasoning and implied dominance in risky decisions. . Journal of Behavioral Decision Making , 22 : 338 – 361 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• DeKay , M. L. , Patino-Echeverri , D. and Fischbeck , P. S. 2009b . Distortion of probability and outcome information in risky decisions. . Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes , 109 : 79 – 92 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dijksterhuis , A. 2004 . Think different: The merits of unconscious though in preference development and decision making . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. , 87 : 586 – 598 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dijksterhuis , A. , Bos , M. W. , Nordgren , L. F. and van Baaren , R. B. 2006 . On making the right choice: The deliberation-without-attention effect . Science. , 311 : 1005 – 1007 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ebersbach , M. 2009 . Achieving a new dimension: Children integrate three stimulus dimensions in volume estimations . Developmental Psychology. , 45 : 877 – 883 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Epstein , S. 2008 . “ Intuition from the perspective of cognitive-experiential self-theory ” . In Intuition in judgment and decision making , Edited by: Plessner , H. , Betsch , C. and Betsch , T. 23 – 37 . New York, NY : Erlbaum .
   Google Scholar
• Evans , J. S. B. T. 2008 . Dual-processing accounts of reasoning, judgment, and social cognition . Annual Review of Psychology. , 59 : 255 – 278 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ferreira , M. B. , Garcia-Marques , L. , Sherman , S. J. and Sherman , J. W. 2006 . Automatic and controlled components of judgment and decision making . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. , 91 : 797 – 813 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gao , G. , Li , H. , Bai , J. , Lin , C. and Wei , Y. 2009 . Young children's affective decision-making in a gambling task: Does difficulty in learning the gain/loss schedule matter? . Cognitive Development , 24 : 183 – 191 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gibbs , R. W. and Colston , H. L. 2007 . Irony in language and thought: A cognitive science reader , Mahwah, NJ : Erlbaum .
   Google Scholar
• Gigerenzer , G. 2004 . “ Fast and frugal heuristics: The tools of bounded rationality ” . In Handbook of judgment and decision making , Edited by: Koehler , D. and Harvey , N. 62 – 88 . Oxford, , UK : Blackwell .
   Google Scholar
• Gigerenzer , G. 2007 . Gut feelings. The intelligence of the unconscious , New York : Viking .
   Google Scholar
• Gigerenzer , G. and Goldstein , D. G. 1996 . Reasoning the fast and frugal way: Models of bounded rationality . Psychological Review. , 103 : 650 – 669 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gigerenzer , G. and Selten , R. 2001 . Bounded rationality—The adaptive toolbox , Cambridge, MA : MIT Press .
   Google Scholar
• Gigerenzer , G. , Todd , P. M. and the ABC Research Group . 1999 . Simple heuristics that make us smart , Oxford, , UK : Oxford University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Gilovich , T. , Griffin , D. and Kahneman , D. 2002 . Heuristics and biases: The psychology of intuitive judgment , Cambridge, , UK : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Glöckner , A. 2009 . Investigating intuitive and deliberate processes statistically: The Multiple-Measure Maximum Likelihood strategy classification method . Judgment and Decision Making. , 4 : 186 – 199 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glöckner , A. and Betsch , T. 2008a . Modelling option and strategy choices with connectionist networks: Towards an integrative model of automatic and deliberate decision making. . Judgment and Decision Making , 3 : 215 – 228 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glöckner , A. and Betsch , T. 2008b . Multiple-reason decision making based on automatic processing. . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition , 34 : 1055 – 1075 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glöckner , A. and Betsch , T. 2010 . Decisions beyond boundaries: When more information is processed faster than less. , Manuscript submitted for publication .
   Google Scholar
• Glöckner , A. , Betsch , T. and Schindler , N. in press . “ Construction of probabilistic inferences by constraint satisfaction ” . In Journal of Behavioral Decision Making
   Google Scholar
• Glöckner , A. and Bröder , A. in press . Processing of recognition information and additional cues: A model-based analysis of choice, confidence, and response time. . Judgment and Decision Making ,
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glöckner , A. and Herbold , A.-K. in press . An eye-tracking study on information processing in risky decisions: Evidence for compensatory strategies based on automatic processes. . Journal of Behavioral Decision Making ,
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glöckner , A. and Hochman , G. in press . The interplay of experience-based affective and probabilistic cues in decision making: Arousal increases when experience and additional cues conflict. . Experimental Psychology ,
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glöckner , A. and Hodges , S. D. in press . Parallel constraint satisfaction in memory-based decisions. . Experimental Psychology ,
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glöckner , A. and Witteman , C. L. M. 2010a . Beyond dual-process models: A categorization of processes underlying intuitive judgment and decision making. . Thinking & Reasoning , 16 : 1 – 25 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Glöckner , A. and Witteman , C. L. M. 2010b . Foundations for tracing intuition: Challenges and methods , London : Psychology Press .
   Google Scholar
• Goldstein , D. G. and Gigerenzer , G. 2002 . Models of ecological rationality: The recognition heuristic . Psychological Review. , 109 : 75 – 90 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Goldstein , W. M. and Hogarth , R. M. 1997 . “ Judgment and decision research: Some historical context ” . In Research on judgment and decision making: Currents, connections and controversies , Edited by: Goldstein , W. M. and Hogarth , R. M. 3 – 65 . Cambridge, , UK : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Gonzalez-Vallejo , C. , Lassiter , G. D. , Belleza , F. and Lindberg , M. J. 2008 . “Save angels perhaps”: A critical examination of Unconscious Thought Theory and the Deliberation-Without Intention Effect. . Review of General Psychology , 12 : 282 – 296 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hammond , K. R. , Hamm , R. M. , Grassia , J. and Pearson , T. 1987 . Direct comparison of the efficacy of intuitive judgment and analytical cognition in expert judgment . IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics. , 17 : 753 – 770 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hilbig , B. E. and Pohl , R. F. 2009 . Ignorance- versus evidence-based decision making: A decision time analysis of the recognition heuristic . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition. , 35 : 1296 – 1305 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hochman , G. , Ayal , S. and Glöckner , A. 2010 . Physiological arousal in processing recognition information: Ignoring or integrating cognitive cues? . Judgment and Decision Making , 5 : 285 – 299 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holyoak , K. J. 1991 . “ Symbolic connectionism: Toward third-generation theories of expertise ” . In Toward a general theory of expertise , Edited by: Ericsson , K. A. and Smith , J. 301 – 336 . Cambridge, , UK : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Holyoak , K. J. and Simon , D. 1999 . Bidirectional reasoning in decision making by constraint satisfaction . Journal of Experimental Psychology: General , 128 ( 1 ) : 3 – 31 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Holyoak , K. J. and Spellman , B. A. 1993 . Thinking . Annual Review of Psychology. , 44 : 265 – 315 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Jacobs , J. E. and Klaczynski , P. A. 2005 . The development of judgement and decision making in children and adolescents , Mahwah, NJ : Erlbaum .
   Google Scholar
• Johnson , E. J. , Payne , J. W. , Schkade , D. A. and Bettman , J. R. 1986 . Monitoring information processing and decisions: The mouselab system , Durham, NC : Unpublished manuscript, Center for Decision Studies, Fuqua School of Business, Duke University .
   Google Scholar
• Kahneman , D. and Klein , G. 2009 . Conditions for intuitive expertise: A failure to disagree . American Psychologist. , 64 : 515 – 526 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kahneman , D. , Slovic , P. and Tversky , A. 1982 . Judgment under uncertainty: Heuristics and biases , Cambridge, , UK : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Karelaia , N. and Hogarth , R. M. 2008 . Determinants of linear judgment: A meta-analysis of lens model studies . Psychological Bulletin. , 134 : 404 – 426 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kaufmann , M. and Betsch , T. 2009 . Origins of the sample-size effect in explicit evaluative judgments . Experimental Psychology. , 56 : 344 – 353 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Klein , G. 1999 . Sources of power. How people make decisions , Cambridge, MA : MIT Press .
   Google Scholar
• Klein , G. , Orasanu , J. , Calderwood , R. and Zsambock , C. E. 1993 . Decision making in action: models and methods , Norwood, NJ : Ablex .
   Google Scholar
• Knight , G. P. , Berning , A. L. , Wilson , S. L. and Chao , C.-C. 1987 . The effects of information-processing demands and social-situational factors on the social decision making of children . Journal of Experimental Child Psychology. , 43 : 244 – 259 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Künzler , R. and Bakker , C. M. 2001 . Female preferences for single and combined traits in computeranimated stickleback males . Behavioral Ecology. , 12 : 681 – 685 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kunda , Z. and Thagard , P. 1996 . Forming impressions from stereotypes, traits, and behaviors: A parallel-constraint-satisfaction theory . Psychological Review. , 103 : 284 – 208 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee , M. D. and Cummins , T. D. R. 2004 . Evidence accumulation in decision making: Unifying the “take the best” and the “rational” models . Psychonomic Bulletin & Review. , 11 : 343 – 352 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Levin , I. P. , Weller , J. A. , Pederson , A. A. and Harshman , L. A. 2007 . Age-related differences in adaptive decision making: Sensitivity to expected value in risky choice . Judgment and Decision Making. , 2 : 225 – 233 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Long , D. L. and Graesser , A. C. 1988 . Wit and humour in discourse processes . Discourse Process. , 11 : 35 – 60 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• McClelland , J. L. and Rumelhart , D. E. 1981 . An interactive activation model of context effects in letter perception: I. An account of basic findings. . Psychological Review , 88 : 375 – 407 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Montgomery , H. 1989 . “ From cognition to action: The search for dominance in decision making ” . In Process and structure in human decision making , Edited by: Montgomery , H. and Svenson , O. 23 – 49 . Oxford, , UK : Wiley & Sons .
   Google Scholar
• Newell , A. and Simon , H. A. 1972 . Human problem solving , Englewood Cliffs, NJ : Prentice Hall .
   Google Scholar
• Newell , B. R. 2005 . Re-visions of rationality? . Trends in Cognitive Sciences , 9 : 11 – 15 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Newell , B. R. and Shanks , D. R. 2003 . Take the best or look at the rest? Factors influencing “one-reason” decision making . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition. , 29 : 53 – 65 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Payne , J. W. , Bettman , J. R. and Johnson , E. J. 1988 . Adaptive strategy selection in decision making . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition. , 14 : 534 – 552 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Payne , J. W. , Bettman , J. R. and Johnson , E. J. 1992 . Behavioral decision research: A constructive processing perspective . Annual Review of Psychology. , 43 : 87 – 131 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Payne , J. W. , Bettman , J. R. and Johnson , E. J. 1993 . The adaptive decision maker , Cambridge, , UK : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Platt , M. L. and Glimcher , P. W. 1999 . Neural correlates of decision variables in parietal cortex . Nature. , 400 : 233 – 238 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Plessner , H. , Betsch , C. and Betsch , T. 2008 . Intuition in judgment and decision making , New York, NY : Erlbaum .
   Google Scholar
• Plessner , H. , Betsch , T. , Schallies , E. and Schwieren , C. 2008 . “ Automatic online formation of implicit attitudes towards politicians as a basis for intuitive voting behaviour ” . In Intuition in judgment and decision Making , Edited by: Plessner , H. , Betsch , C. and Betsch , T. 107 – 117 . New York, NY : Erlbaum .
   Google Scholar
• Read , S. J. and Marcus-Newhall , A. 1993 . Explanatory coherence in social explanations: A parallel distributed processing account . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. , 65 : 429 – 447 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Read , S. J. , Vanman , E. J. and Miller , L. C. 1997 . Connectionism, parallel constraint satisfaction, and Gestalt principles: (Re) Introducing cognitive dynamics to social psychology . Personality and Social Psychology Review. , 1 : 26 – 53 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Reason , J. 1992 . Human error , Cambridge, , UK : Cambridge University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Reyna , V. F. and Ellis , S. C. 1994 . Fuzzy-trace theory and framing e?ects in children's risky decision making . Psychological Science , 5 : 275 – 279 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Russo , J. E. , Carlson , K. A. , Meloy , M. G. and Yong , K. 2008 . The goal of consistency as a cause of information distortion . Journal of Experimental Psychology: General. , 137 : 456 – 470 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Russo , J. , Medvec , V. and Meloy , M. 1996 . The distortion of information during decisions . Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes. , 66 : 102 – 110 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Russo , J. E. , Meloy , M. G. and Medvec , V. H. 1998 . Predecisional distortion of product information . Journal of Marketing Research. , 35 : 438 – 452 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schlottmann , A. 2001 . Children's probability intuitions: Understanding the expected value of complex gambles . Child Development , 72 ( 1 ) : 103 – 122 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Schwoebel , J. , Dews , S. , Winner , E. and Srinivas , K. 2000 . Obligatory processing of the Literal meaning of ironic utterances: Further evidence . Metaphor and Symbol. , 15 : 47 – 61 .
   Google Scholar
• Simon , D. , Krawczyk , D. C. and Holyoak , K. J. 2004 . Construction of preferences by constraint satisfaction . Psychological Science. , 15 : 331 – 336 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simon , D. , Pham , L. B. , Le , Q. A. and Holyoak , K. J. 2001 . The emergence of coherence over the course of decision making . Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition. , 27 : 1250 – 1260 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simon , D. , Snow , C. J. and Read , S. J. 2004 . The redux of cognitive consistency theories: Evidence judgments by constraint satisfaction . Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. , 86 : 814 – 837 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simon , H. A. 1955 . A behavioral model of rational choice . The Quarterly Journal of Economics. , 69 : 99 – 118 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Simon , H. A. 1982 . Models of bounded rationality , Cambridge, MA : MIT Press .
   Google Scholar
• Svenson , O. 1992 . Differentiation and consolidation theory of human decision making: A frame of reference for the study of pre- and post-decision processes . Acta Psychologica. , 80 : 143 – 168 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thagard , P. 1989 . Explanatory coherence . Behavioral and Brain Sciences. , 12 : 435 – 502 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Thagard , P. and Millgram , E. 1995 . “ Inference to the best plan: A coherence theory of decision ” . In Goal-driven learning , Edited by: Ram , A. and Leake , D. B. 439 – 454 . Cambridge, MA : MIT Press .
   Google Scholar
• Thomas , D. 1968 . A child's christmas in Wales , London, , UK : J.M. Dent .
   Google Scholar
• Tversky , A. and Kahneman , D. 1973 . Availability: A heuristic for judging frequency and probability . Cognitive Psychology. , 5 : 207 – 232 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Tversky , A. and Kahneman , D. 1974 . Judgment under uncertainty: Heuristics and biases . Science. , 185 : 1124 – 1131 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang , A. T. , Lee , S. S. , Sigman , M. and Dapretto , M. 2006 . Neural basis of irony comprehension in children with autism: the role of prosody and context . Brain. , 12 : 932 – 943 .
   Google Scholar
• Winerman , L. 2005 . Intuition [Special issue]. . APA Monitor on Psychology , 36 ( 3 )
   Google Scholar
• Wundt , W. 1907 . Outlines of psychology , Leipzig, , Germany : Wilhelm Engelmann .
   Google Scholar
• Zajonc , R. B. 1980 . Feeling and thinking: Preferences need no inferences . American Psychologist. , 35 : 151 – 175 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar