Effects of branched-chain volatile fatty acids and fibrolytic enzyme on rumen development in pre- and post-weaned Holstein dairy calves

References

• Bannink A, France J, Lopez S, et al. Modelling the implications of feeding strategy on rumen fermentation and functioning of the rumen wall. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 2008;143(1–4):3–26.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Martens H, Rabbani I, Shen Z, Stumpff F, Deiner C. Changes in rumen absorption processes during transition. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 2012;172(1-2):95–102.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mentschel J, Leiser R, Mülling C, Pfarrer C, Claus R. Butyric acid stimulates rumen mucosa development in the calf mainly by a reduction of apoptosis. Arch Anim Nutr. 2001;55:85–102.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Górka P, Kowalski ZM, Pietrzak P, et al. Effect of method of delivery of sodium butyrate on rumen development in newborn calves. J Dairy Sci. 2011;94(11):5578–5588.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Plöger S, Stumpff F, Penner G, et al. Microbial butyrate and its role for barrier function in the gastrointestinal tract. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2012;1258(1):52–29.
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Cummins KA, Papas AH. Effect of isocarbon 4 and isocarbon 5 volatile fatty acids on microbial protein synthesis and dry matter digestibility in vitro. J Dairy Sci.1985;68(10):2588–2595.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang C, Liu Q, Pei CX, et al. Effects of 2-methylbutyrate on rumen fermentation, ruminal enzyme activities, urinary excretion of purine derivatives and feed digestibility in steers. Livestock Sci. 2012;145(1–3):160–166.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang C, Liu Q, Zhang YL, et al. Effects of isobutyrate supplementation on ruminal microflora, rumen enzyme activities and methane emissions in Simmental steers. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr. 2015;99(1):123–131.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liu Q, Wang C, Zhang YL, et al. Effects of 2-methylbutyrate supplementation on growth performance and ruminal development in pre- and post-weaning dairy calves. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 2016; 216:129–137.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang C, Liu Q, Zhang YL, et al. Effects of isobutyrate supplementation in pre- and post-weaned dairy calves diet on growth performance, rumen development, blood metabolites and hormone secretion. Animal. 2017;11(5):794–801.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Titi HH, Tabbaa MJ. Efficacy of exogenous cellulase on digestibility in lambs and growth of dairy calves. Livestock Prod Sci. 2004;87(2-3):207–214.
   Google Scholar
• Arce-Cervantes O, Mendoza GD, Hernandez PA, Meneses M, Torres-Salado N, Loera O. The effects of a lignocellulolytic extract of Fomes sp. EUM1 on the intake, digestibility, feed efficiency and growth of lambs. Anim Nutr Feed Technol. 2013;13:363–372.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silva TH, Takiya CS, Vendramini TH, De Jesus EF, Zanferari F, Rennó FP. Effects of dietary fibrolytic enzymes on chewing time, ruminal fermentation, and performance of mid-lactating dairy cows. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 2016;221:35–43.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chung YH, Zhou M, Holtshausen L, et al. A fibrolytic enzyme additive for lactating Holstein cow diets: ruminal fermentation, rumen microbial populations and enteric methane emissions. J Dairy Sci. 2012;95(3):1419–1427.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wang C, Liu Q, Guo G, et al. Effects of fibrolytic enzymes and isobutyrate on ruminal fermentation, microbial enzyme activity and cellulolytic bacteria in pre- and post-weaning dairy calves. Anim Prod Sci. 2019;59(3):471–478.
   Google Scholar
• Vieira Salles MS, Zanetti MA, Roma Junior LC, et al. Performance and immune response of suckling calves fed organic selenium. Anim Feed Sci Technol. 2014; 188:28–35.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• AOAC. Official Methods of Analysis. 16th ed. Gaithersburg, MD: Association of Official Analytical Chemists, Int; 1997.
   Google Scholar
• Van Soest PJ, Robertson JB, Lewis BA. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J Dairy Sci. 1991;74(10):3583–3597.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Williamson DH, Mellanby J, Krebs HA. Enzymic determination of D(-)-beta-hydroxybutyric acid and acetoacetic acid in blood. Biochem J. 1962;82:90–96.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kasuya E, Hodate K, Matsumoto M, Sakaguchi M, Hashizume T, Kanematsu S. The effects of xylazine on plasma concentrations growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor-i, glucose and insulin in calves. Endocr J. 1996;43(2):145–149.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuzinski J, Zitnan R, Viergutz T, Legath J, Schweige M. Altered Na+/K+-ATPase expression plays a role in rumen epithelium adaptation in sheep fed hay ad libitum or a mixed hay/concentrate diet. Czech Vet Med. 2011;56:35–47.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Denman SE, McSweeney CS. Developmentofa real-time PCR assay formonitoring anaerobic fungal and cellulolytic bacterial populations within the rumen. FEMS Microbiol Ecol. 2006;58(3):572–582.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• SAS. User's Guide: Statistics, Version 9 Edition. Cary, NC, USA: SAS Institute; 2002.
   Google Scholar
• Liu Q, Wang C, Zhang YL, et al. Effects of isovalerate supplementation on growth performance and ruminal fermentation in pre- and post-weaning dairy calves. J Agric Sci. 2016;154(8):1499–1508.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hamada T, Maeda S, Kameoka K. Factors influencing growth of rumen, liver and other organs in kids weaned from milk replacers to solid foods. J Dairy Sci. 1976;59(6):1110–1118.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zitnan R, Kuhla S, Sanftleben P, et al. Diet induced ruminal papillae development in neonatal calves not correlating with rumen butyrate. Vet Med. 2012;50(No. 11):472–479.
   Google Scholar
• Lane MA, Jesse BW. Effect of volatile fatty acid infusion on development of the rumen epithelium in neonatal sheep. J Dairy Sci. 1997;80(4):740–746.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shen Z, Seyfert H-M, LöHrke B, et al. An energy-rich diet causes rumen papillae proliferation associated with more IGF type 1 receptors and increased plasma IGF-1 concentrations in young goats. J Nutr. 2004;134(1):11–17.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Smith JM, Amburgh MEV, Diaz MC, Lucy MC, Bauman DE. Effect of nutrient intake on the development of the somatotropic axis and its responsiveness to GH in Holstein bull calves. J Anim Sci. 2002;80(6):1528–1537.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Flaga J, Górka P, Kowalski ZM, Kaczor U, Pietrzak P, Zabielski R. Insulin-like growth factors 1 and 2 (IGF-1 and IGF-2) mRNA levels in relation to the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) development in newborn calves. Polish J Vet Sci. 2011;14:605–613.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Zhao G, Sun Y. Effects of volatile fatty acids on IGF-I, IGFBP-3, GH, insulin and glucagon in plasma, and IGF-I and IGFBP-3 in different tissues of growing sheep nourished by total intragastric infusions. Asian Australas J Anim Sci. 2010;23(3):366–371.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Georgieva TM, Georgiev IP, Ontsouka E, Hammon HM, Pfaffl MW, Blum JW. Abundance of message for insulin-like growth factors-I and -II and for receptors for growth hormone, insulin-like growth factors-I and -II, and insulin in the intestine and liver of pre- and full-term calves. J Anim Sci. 2003;81(9):2294–2300.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lane MA, Baldwin RL, Jesse BW. Developmental changes in ketogenic enzyme gene expression during sheep rumen development. J Anim Sci. 2002;80(6):1538–1544.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar