0
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

In Vitro Antioxidant and Anticancer Potential of the Vegetative and Reproductive Organs of Embelia ruminata

, , , , &
Received 07 Jul 2023, Published online: 14 Jul 2024

References

  • Hayes, J. D.; Dinkova-Kostova, A. T.; Tew, K. D. Oxidative Stress in Cancer. Cancer Cell 2020, 38(2), 167–197. DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2020.06.001.
  • Gupta, R. K.; Patel, A. K.; Shah, N.; Chaudhary, A. K.; Jha, U. K.; Yadav, U. C.; Gupta, P. K.; Pakuwal, U. Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Disease and Cancer: A Review. Asian Pac. J. Cancer Prev. 2014, 15(11), 4405–4409. DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2014.15.11.4405.
  • Shin, J.; Song, M. H.; Oh, J. W.; Keum, Y. S.; Saini, R. K. Pro-Oxidant Actions of Carotenoids in Triggering Apoptosis of Cancer Cells: A Review of Emerging Evidence. Antioxidants 2020, 9(6), 532. DOI: 10.3390/antiox9060532.
  • Khurana, R. K.; Jain, A.; Jain, A.; Sharma, T.; Singh, B.; Kesharwani, P. Administration of Antioxidants in Cancer: Debate of the Decade. Drug Discov. Today. 2018, 23(4), 763–770. DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2018.01.021.
  • Deo, S. V. S.; Sharma, J.; Kumar, S. Globocan 2020 Report on Global Cancer Burden: Challenges and Opportunities for Surgical Oncologists. Ann Surg. Oncol 2022, 29(11), 6497–6500. DOI: 10.1245/s10434-022-12151-6.
  • Wang, Y.; Qi, H.; Liu, Y.; Duan, C.; Liu, X.; Xia, T.; Chen, D.; Piao, H. L.; Liu, H. X. The Double-Edged Roles of ROS in Cancer Prevention and Therapy. Theranostics 2021, 11(10), 4839–4857. DOI: 10.7150/thno.56747.
  • Alaklabi, A.; Arif, I. A.; Ahamed, A.; Surendra Kumar, R.; Idhayadhulla, A. Evaluation of Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities of Chemical Constituents of the Saururus chinensis Root Extracts. Saudi J. Biol. Sci. 2018, 25(7), 1387–1392. DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2016.12.021.
  • Dyer, R. A. Flora of Southern Africa: The Republic of South Africa, Basutoland, Swaziland and South West Africa; Department of Agriculture Technical Services: Pretoria, 1966.
  • Hutchings, A.; Scott, A. H.; Lewis, G.; Cunningham, A. Zulu Medicinal Plants: An Inventory; Pietermaritzburg, South Africa: University of Natal Press, 1996.
  • Togue, T. A. M.; Ndontsa, B. L.; Bitchagno, G. T. M.; Schuffler, A.; Opatz, T.; Tane, P.; Tene, M. New Alkenylresorcinols with Cytotoxic and Antimicrobial Activities from the Leaves of Embelia schimperi. Planta. Med. 2020, 86(17), 1298–1303. DOI: 10.1055/a-1209-3501.
  • Li, Y.; Li, D.; Yuan, S.; Wang, Z.; Tang, F.; Nie, R.; Weng, J.; Ma, L.; Tang, B. Embelin-Induced MCF7 Breast Cancer Cell Apoptosis and Blockade of MCF-7 Cells in the G2/M Phase via the Mitochondrial Pathway. Oncol. Lett 2013, 5(3), 1005–1009. DOI: 10.3892/ol.2012.1084.
  • Durg, S.; Veerapur, V. P.; Neelima, S.; Dhadde, S. B. Antidiabetic Activity of Embelia ribes, Embelin and Its Derivatives: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Biomed. Pharmacother. 2017, 86, 195–204. DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2016.12.001.
  • Caruso, F.; Rossi, M.; Kaur, S.; Garcia-Villar, E.; Molasky, N.; Belli, S.; Sitek, J. D.; Gionfra, F.; Pedersen, J. Z.; Incerpi, S. Antioxidant Properties of Embelin in Cell Culture, Electrochemistry and Theoretical Mechanism of Scavenging, Potential Scavenging of Superoxide Radical Through the Cell Membrane. Antioxidants 2020, 9(5), 1–22. DOI: 10.3390/antiox9050382.
  • Kundap, U. P.; Bhuvanendran, S.; Kumari, Y.; Othman, I.; Shaikh, M. F. Plant Derived Phytocompound, Embelin in CNS Disorders: A Systematic Review. Front. Pharmacol. 2017, 8, 76. DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00076.
  • Hossan, M. S.; Fatima, A.; Rahmatullah, M.; Khoo, T. J.; Nissapatorn, V.; Galochkina, A. V.; Slita, A. V.; Shtro, A. A.; Nikolaeva, Y.; Zarubaev, V. V., et al. Antiviral Activity of Embelia ribes Burm. f. Against Influenza Virus in vitro. Arch. Virol. 2018, 163(8), 2121–2131. DOI: 10.1007/s00705-018-3842-6.
  • Rambaran, N.; Naidoo, Y.; Mohamed, F.; Chenia, H. Y.; Baijnath, H. Antibacterial and Anti-Quorum Sensing Activities of the Different Solvent Extracts of Embelia ruminata. S. Afr. J. Bot. 2022, 151, 996–1007. DOI: 10.1016/j.sajb.2022.11.014.
  • Prieto, P.; Pineda, M.; Aguilar, M. Spectrophotometric Quantitation of Antioxidant Capacity Through the Formation of a Phosphomolybdenum Complex: Specific Application to the Determination of Vitamin E. Anal. Biochem. 1999, 269(2), 337–341. DOI: 10.1006/abio.1999.4019.
  • Benzie, I.; Strain, J. The Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma (FRAP) As a Measure of “Antioxidant Power”: The FRAP Assay. Biochem. Anal. Biochem. 1996, 239, 70–76. DOI: 10.1006/abio.1996.0292.
  • Blois, M. S. Antioxidant Determination by the Use of a Stable Free Radical. Nature 1958, 181(4617), 1199–1200. DOI: 10.1038/1811199a0.
  • Thumbrain, D.; Dwarka, D.; Gerrano, A. S.; Mellem, J. J. Antioxidant and Apoptotic Potential of Protein Isolates Derived from Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp. Int. J. Food Sci. Technol. 2020, 55(7), 2813–2823. DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.14535.
  • Dwarka, D.; Thaver, V.; Naidu, M.; Koorbanally, N. A.; Baijnath, H. In vitro Chemo-Preventative Activity of Strelitzia nicolai Aril Extract Containing Bilirubin. Afr. J. Tradit. Complement. Altern. Med. 2017, 14(3), 147–156. DOI: 10.21010/ajtcam.v14i3.16.
  • Wang, Y. T.; Yang, C. H.; Huang, T. Y.; Tai, M. H.; Sie, R. H.; Shaw, J. F. Cytotoxic Effects of Chlorophyllides in Ethanol Crude Extracts from Plant Leaves. Evidence-Based Complementary. Altern. Med 2019, 2019, 1–13. DOI: 10.1155/2019/9494328.
  • Abdalla, M. A.; McGaw, L. J. Bioprospecting of South African Plants as a Unique Resource for Bioactive Endophytic Microbes. Front. Pharmacol. 2018, 9, 456. DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00456.
  • Laraib, S.; Sharif, S.; Bibi, Y.; Nisa, S.; Aziz, R.; Qayyum, A. Phytochemical Analysis and Some Bioactivities of Leaves and Fruits of Myrsine africana Linn. Arab. J. Sci. Eng. 2020, 46(1), 53–63. DOI: 10.1007/s13369-020-04710-4.
  • Al-Abd, N. M.; Nor, Z. M.; Mansor, M.; Zajmi, A.; Hasan, M. S.; Azhar, F.; Kassim, M. Phytochemical Constituents, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities of Methanolic Extract of Ardisia elliptica. Asian Pac. J. Trop. Biomed. 2017, 7(6), 569–576. DOI: 10.1016/j.apjtb.2017.05.010.
  • Othman, S. N. N.; Lum, P. T.; Sekar, M.; Mazlan, N. A.; Yusri, P. Z. S.; Ghazali, N. F.; Idi, H. M.; Azman, S.; Ismail, M.; Noor, A. A. M. Molecules of Interest-Embelin-A Review. Res. J. Pharm. Technol, 2020; 13(7), 3485–3493. DOI: 10.5958/0974-360x.2020.00618.6.
  • Caruso, F.; Paumier, S.; Rossi, M. X-Ray Crystal Structure of Embelin and Its DFT Scavenging of Superoxide Radical. J. Comput. Chem. 2017, 39(18), 1143–1148. DOI: 10.1002/jcc.24915.
  • SreeHarsha, N. Embelin Impact on Paraquat-Induced Lung Injury Through Suppressing Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory Cascade, and MAPK/NF-κB Signaling Pathway. J. Biochem. Mol. Toxicol. 2020, 34(4), e22456. DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22456.
  • Chen, Y.; Gu, Y.; Zhao, H.; Zhang, H.; Zhou, Y. Effects of Graded Levels of Dietary Squalene Supplementation on the Growth Performance, Plasma Biochemical Parameters, Antioxidant Capacity, and Meat Quality in Broiler Chickens. Poult. Sci. 2020, 99(11), 5915–5924. DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2020.08.042.
  • Khalaf, E. S. A.; Farag, H.; Abdel-Bary, E. M. Mechanical and Physical Characterizations of Styrene Butadiene Rubber: Bagasse Composites. J. Rubber. Res 2020, 23(1), 23–31. DOI: 10.1007/s42464-019-00032-9.
  • Carocho, M.; Morales, P.; Ferreira, I. C. F. R. Antioxidants: Reviewing the Chemistry, Food Applications, Legislation and Role As Preservatives. Trends Food Sci. Technol. 2018, 71, 107–120. DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2017.11.008.
  • Twilley, D.; Rademan, S.; Lall, N. A Review on Traditionally Used South African Medicinal Plants, Their Secondary Metabolites and Their Potential Development into Anticancer Agents. J. Ethnopharmacol 2020, 261, 113101. DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.113101.
  • Zeng, X. P.; Li, X. J.; Zhang, Q. Y.; Liu, Q. W.; Li, L.; Xiong, Y.; He, C. X.; Wang, Y. F.; Ye, Q. F. Tert-Butylhydroquinone Protects Liver Against Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats Through Nrf2-Activating Anti-Oxidative Activity. Transplant. Proc. 2017, 49(2), 366–372. DOI: 10.1016/j.transproceed.2016.12.008.
  • Jang, M.; Kim, H.; Park, R.; Jo, D.; Lee, E. J.; Oh, W. K.; Park, J. 2,2′-Methylenebis (6-Tert-Butyl 4-Methylphenol) Enhances the Antitumor Efficacy of Belotecan, a Derivative of Camptothecin, by Inducing Autophagy. Oncotarget 2017, 8(70), 115068–115078. DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22858.
  • Narayan Bhilwade, H.; Tatewaki, N.; Konishi, T.; Nishida, M.; Eitsuka, T.; Yasui, H.; Inanami, O.; Handa, O.; Naito, Y.; Ikekawa, N., et al. The Adjuvant Effect of Squalene, an Active Ingredient of Functional Foods, on Doxorubicin-Treated Allograft Mice. Nutr. Cancer, 2019; 71(7), 1153–1164. DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2019.1597900.
  • Sumi, E. S.; Dara, P. K.; Mannuthy, R. J.; Ganesan, B.; Anandan, R.; Mathew, S. Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Property of Squalene for Counteracting the Oxidative Damage Induced by Methotrexate in Experimental Rats. Acta. Biol. Szeged. 2021, 64(2), 199–206. DOI: 10.14232/abs.2020.2.199-206.
  • Lou-Bonafonte, J. M.; Martinez-Beamonte, R.; Sanclemente, T.; Surra, J. C.; Herrera-Marcos, L. V.; Sanchez-Marco, J.; Arnal, C.; Osada, J. Current Insights into the Biological Action of Squalene. Mol. Nutr. Food Res. 2018, 62(15), e1800136. DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201800136.
  • Kamath, A; Kamanna, K. Prenylated Proteins: Structural Diversity and Functions. In Modifications in Biomolecules, Zhan, X. and Jabbari, A., Eds.; Rijeka: IntechOpen, 2022; p 124.
  • Wang, D. G.; Sun, Y. B.; Ye, F.; Li, W.; Kharbuja, P.; Gao, L.; Zhang, D. Y.; Suo, J. Anti-Tumor Activity of the X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis (XIAP) Inhibitor Embelin in Gastric Cancer Cells. Mol. Cell. Biochem., 2014; 386(1–2), 143–152. DOI: 10.1007/s11010-013-1853-x.
  • Ko, J. H.; Lee, S. G.; Yang, W. M.; Um, J. Y.; Sethi, G.; Mishra, S.; Shanmugam, M. K.; Ahn, K. S. The Application of Embelin for Cancer Prevention and Therapy. Molecules 2018, 23(3), 1–14. DOI: 10.3390/molecules23030621.
  • Qian, H.; Huang, T.; Chen, Y.; Li, X.; Gong, W.; Jiang, G.; Zhang, W.; Cheng, S.; Li, X.; Li, P. X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein Inhibitor Embelin Induces Apoptosis via PI3K/AKT Pathway and Inhibits Invasion in Osteosarcoma Cells. J. Cancer Res. Ther. 2018, 14, S648–S55. DOI: 10.4103/0973-1482.203599.

Reprints and Corporate Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

To request a reprint or corporate permissions for this article, please click on the relevant link below:

Academic Permissions

Please note: Selecting permissions does not provide access to the full text of the article, please see our help page How do I view content?

Obtain permissions instantly via Rightslink by clicking on the button below:

If you are unable to obtain permissions via Rightslink, please complete and submit this Permissions form. For more information, please visit our Permissions help page.