U.S. and Korean Consumers: A Cross-Cultural Examination of Product Information-Seeking and -Giving

References

• Akamai. (2017). Akamai’s state of the Internet. Retrieved on April 02, 2019 from https://www.akamai.com/us/en/multimedia/documents/state-of-the-internet/q1-2017-state-of-the-internet-connectivity-report.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Austen. (2018). 21 Stats that prove your brand needs more user generated content. Social Toaster Online. Retrieved April 21, 2019 from https://www.socialtoaster.com/user-generated-content-21-stats-ugc/
   Google Scholar
• Batra, R., Aaker, A., & Myer, J. (1995). Advertising management (5th ed.). Prentice Hall.
   Google Scholar
• Berelson, B. (1971). Content analysis in communication research. Hafner Publishing Company.
   Google Scholar
• Cheong, H., & Morrison, M. (2008). Consumers’ reliance on product information and recommendations found in UGC. Journal of Interactive Advertising, 8(2), 38–29. doi:10.1080/15252019.2008.10722141
   Google Scholar
• Cheung, M., Anitsal, M., & Anitsal, I. (2007). Revisiting word-of-mouth communications: A cross-national exploration. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 15(3), 235–249. doi:10.2753/MTP1069-6679150304
   Google Scholar
• Chu, S.-C., & Kim, J. (2018). The current state of knowledge on electronic word-of-mouth in advertising research. International Journal of Advertising, 37(1), 1–13. doi:10.1080/02650487.2017.1407061
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Colton, D. A., & Poploski, S. P. (2019). A content analysis of corporate blogs to identify communications strategies, objectives and dimensions of credibility. Journal of Promotion Management, 25(4), 609–630. doi:10.1080/10496491.2018.1500408
   Google Scholar
• Copeland, L., & Griggs, L. (1985). Going international: How to make friends and deal effectively in the global marketplace. Random House.
   Google Scholar
• Daugherty, T., Eastin, M. S., & Bright, L. (2008). Exploring consumer motivations for creating user-generated content. Journal of Interactive Advertising, 8(2), 16–24. doi:10.1080/15252019.2008.10722139
   Google Scholar
• Eng, T., & Kim, E. (2006). An examination of the antecedents of e-customer loyalty in a confucian culture: the case of South Korea. The Service Industries Journal, 26(4), 437–458. doi:10.1080/02642060600622314
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Fong, J., & Burton, S. (2006). Electronic word-of-mouth: A comparison of stated and revealed behavior on electronic discussion boards. Journal of Interactive Advertising, 6(2), 7–70. doi:10.1080/15252019.2006.10722119
   Google Scholar
• Fong, J., & Burton, S. (2008). A cross-cultural comparison of electronic word-of-mouth and country-of-origin effects. Journal of Business Research, 61(3), 233–242. doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2007.06.015
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Good, R. (1992). Editorial: The importance of replication studies. Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 29(3), 209–209. doi:10.1002/tea.3660290302
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Gray, S. (2018). These are the biggest U.S. trading partners. Fortune Online. Retrieved April 21, 2019 from http://fortune.com/2018/03/07/biggest-us-trade-partners/
   Google Scholar
• Hall, E. T. (1976). Beyond culture. Anchor Press-Doubleday.
   Google Scholar
• Hall, E. T. (1981). Beyond culture. Anchor Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hall, E. T. (1990). Hidden differences: Doing business with the Japanese. Anchor Press.
   Google Scholar
• Hennig-Thurau, T., Gwinner, K. P., Walsh, G., & Gremler, D. D. (2004). Electronic word-of-mouth via consumer-opinion platforms: What motivates consumers to articulate themselves on the Internet?. Journal of Interactive Marketing, 18(1), 38–52. doi:10.1002/dir.10073
   Google Scholar
• Hoare, J., & Pares, S. (1988). Korea: An introduction. Kegan Paul International.
   Google Scholar
• Hofstede Insights. (2019). Country comparison. Retrieved April 22, 2019 from https://www.hofstede-insights.com/country-comparison/south-korea,the-usa/
   Google Scholar
• Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture’s consequences: International differences in work-related values. Sage Publications.
   Google Scholar
• Hofstede, G. (1991). Cultures and organizations: Software of the mind. McGraw-Hill.
   Google Scholar
• Jiang, Z., Gollan, P. J., & Brooks, G. (2017). Relationships between organizational trust and organizational commitment: A cross-cultural study of China, South Korea and Australia. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 28(7), 973–1004. doi:10.1080/09585192.2015.1128457
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson, T., & Kaye, B. (2004). Wag the blog: How reliance on traditional media and the Internet influence credibility perceptions of weblogs among blog users. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 81(3), 622–642. doi:10.1177/107769900408100310
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Keegan, W., & Green, M. (2000). Global marketing (2nd ed.). Prentice Hall.
   Google Scholar
• Khang, H., Ki, E. J., & Ye, L. (2012). Social media research in advertising, communication, marketing, and public relations. Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, 89(2), 279–298. doi:10.1177/1077699012439853
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, D., Pan, Y., & Park, S. H. (1998). High- versus low-context culture: A comparison of Chinese, Korean, and American cultures. Psychology and Marketing, 15(6), 507–521. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1520-6793(199809)15:6<507::AID-MAR2>3.0.CO;2-A
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kim, M., & Cho, K. S. (2019). The effects of message valence and claim type on the perceived usefulness of online product reviews: The moderating role of consumer skepticism. Advertising Research, 121, 37–63. doi:10.16914/ar.2019.121.37
   Google Scholar
• Ko, H., Roberts, M., & Cho, C. (2006). Cross-cultural differences in motivations and perceived interactivity: A comparative study of American and Korean Internet users. Journal of Current Issues & Research in Advertising, 28(2), 93–104. doi:10.1080/10641734.2006.10505201
   Google Scholar
• Kozinets, R. V. (2002). The field behind the screen: Using netnography for marketing research in online communities. Journal of Marketing Research, 39(1), 61–72. doi:10.1509/jmkr.39.1.61.18935
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kuhn, T. S. (Eds.). (1996). The structure of scientific revolutions. University of Chicago Press. doi:10.1086/ahr/68.3.700
   Google Scholar
• Laroche, M., Kalamas, M., & Cleveland, M. (2005). I” versus “we”: How individualists and collectivists use information sources to formulate theft service expectations. International Marketing Review, 22(3), 279–308. doi:10.1108/02651330510602213
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lee, M., & Youn, S. (2009). Electronic word of mouth (eWOM): How eWOM platforms influence consumer product judgement. International Journal of Advertising, 28(3), 473–499. doi:10.2501/S0265048709200709
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Liao, S., Lee, C. T.-Y., Lin, T.-H., & Lin, M.-C. (2015). eWOM richness of leisure farm tour experience: Influences of message valence, product type and consumer knowledge. Journal of Marketing Management, 3(2), 55–68.
   Google Scholar
• Lipschultz, H. J. (2017). Social media communication (2nd ed.). Routledge.
   Google Scholar
• Lopez, M., & Sicilia, M. (2014). eWOM as source influence: The impact of participation in eWOM and perceived source trustworthiness on decision making. Journal of Interactive Advertising, 14(2), 86–97. doi:10.1080/15252019.2014.944288
   Google Scholar
• Lu, Y.-L., & Keng, C.-J. (2014). Cognitive dissonance, social comparison, and disseminating untruthful or negative truthful eWOM messages. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 42(6), 979–994. doi:10.2224/sbp.2014.42.6.979
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Mohammed-Baksh, S., & Callison, C. (2015). Hegemonic masculinity in hip-hop music? Difference in brand mention in rap music based on the rapper’s gender. Journal of Promotion Management, 21(3), 351–370. doi:10.1080/10496491.2015.1039177
   Google Scholar
• Mohammed-Baksh, S., Callison, C. (2014). Listening to Maybach in my Maybach (Hey Ya…Shake it like a Polaroid Picture): Evolution of product mention in music across the Millennium’s First Decade. Journal of Promotion Management, 20(1), 20–35. doi:10.1080/10496491.2013.829162
   Google Scholar
• Ordóñez de Pablos, P. (2005). Western and eastern views on social networks. Retrieved April 26, 2019 from http://www.casaasia.es/pdf/290611656PM1139487416394.pdf
   Google Scholar
• Perreault, W., & Leigh, L. (1989). Reliability of nominal data based on qualitative judgments. Journal of Marketing Research, 26(2), 135–148. doi:10.2307/3172601
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Riegner, C. (2007). Word of mouth on the web: The impact of web 2.0 on consumer purchase decisions. Journal of Advertising Research, 47(4), 436–447. doi:10.2501/S0021849907070456
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Samiee, S. (2001). Internet marketing: Readings and online resources. McGraw-Hill/Irwin.
   Google Scholar
• Sebastianelli, R., & Tamimi, N. (2018). E-tailer website attributes and trust: Understanding the role of online reviews. Online Information Review, 42(4), 506–519. doi:10.1108/OIR-02-2016-0039
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor, C. R. (2017). How to avoid marketing disasters: Back to the basic communication model, but with some updates illustrating the importance of e-word-of-mouth research. International Journal of Advertising, 36(4), 515–519. doi:10.1080/02650487.2017.1323406
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor, C., Miracle, G., & Wilson, D. (1997). The impact of information level on the effectiveness of U.S. and Korean television commercials. Journal of Advertising, 26(1), 1–18. doi:10.1080/00913367.1997.10673514
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Taylor, C., Wilson, D., & Miracle, G. (1994). The Impact of brand differentiating message on the effectiveness of Korean advertising. Journal of International Marketing, 2(4), 31–52. doi:10.1177/1069031X9400200403
   Google Scholar
• Tsao, W.-Y. (2019). An assessment of propagation stickers in LINE services to promote: Toward a new model of diffusion theory. Journal of Promotion Management, 25(1), 20–42. doi:10.1080/10496491.2018.1427654
   Google Scholar
• Um, N. (2019). Antecedents and consequences of consumers’ attitude toward social commerce sites. Journal of Promotion Management, 25(4), 500–519. doi:10.1080/10496491.2018.1448324
   Google Scholar
• World Business Culture. (2019). Doing Business in South Korea. Retrieved August 31, 2019 from https://www.worldbusinessculture.com/country-profiles/south-korea/
   Google Scholar
• Yu, J., King, K., & Yoon, H. (2010). How much are health websites influenced by culture? Content analysis of online diet programs in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Korea. Journal of Promotion Management, 16(3), 331–359. doi:10.1080/10496490903294703
   Google Scholar