Evaluation of Electrical Stunning of Atlantic Cod (Gadus morhua) and Turbot (Psetta maxima) in Seawater

REFERENCES

• Anonymous . 1993 . Council Directive 93/119/EC 1993 on the protection of animals at the time of slaughter or killing . Official Journal of the European Communities No. , : 1340/21
   Google Scholar
• Blackmore , D. K. and Delany , M. W. 1988 . Slaughter of Stock (Publication No. 118) , Palmerston North , , New Zealand : Massey University, Veterinary Continuing Education .
   Google Scholar
• Claireaux , G. , Webber , D. M. , Kerr , S. R. and Boutilier , R. G. 1995 . Physiology and behaviour of free-swimming Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) facing fluctuating temperature conditions . J. Exp. Bio. , 198 : 49 – 60 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Digre , H. , Erikson , U. , Misimi , E. , Lambooij , B. and van de Vis , H. 2010 . Electrical stunning of farmed cod (Gadus morhua L.): A comparison of an industrial and experimental method . Aquac. Res. , : 1190 – 1202 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• European Food Safety Authority . 2009 . Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Animal Health and Welfare on a request from the European Commission on welfare aspect of the main systems of stunning and killing of farmed turbot . The EFSA J. , 1073 : 1 – 34 .
   Google Scholar
• Gregory , N. G. , Wilkins , L. J. , Wotton , S. B. and Middleton , A. L. V. 1995 . Effects of current and waveform on the incidence of breast meat haemorrhages in electrically stunned broiler chicken carcasses . Vet. Rec. , 137 : 263 – 265 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Johnson , N. L. and Kotz , S. 1969 . Distributions in Statistics—Discrete Distributions , 59 New York , NY : John Wiley. Section 7.2 .
   Google Scholar
• Lambooij , E. 2004 . Electrical stunning. In: Encyclopedia of Meat Sciences , Edited by: Jensen , W. K. , Devine , C. and Dikeman , M. 1342 – 1348 . Oxford : United Kingdom .
   Google Scholar
• Lambooij , E. , Gerritzen , M. A. , Reimert , H. , Burggraaf , D. and van de Vis , J. W. 2008a . A humane protocol for electro-stunning and killing of Nile tilapia in fresh water . Aquaculture , 275 : 88 – 95 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lambooij , E. , Gerritzen , M. A. , Reimert , H. , Burggraaf , D. , Andre , G. and van de Vis , J. W. 2008b . Evaluation of electrical stunning of sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) in sea water and killing by chilling: Welfare aspects, product quality and possibilities for implementation . Aquac. Res. , 39 : 50 – 58 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lambooij , E. , Grimsbø , E. , van de Vis , J. W. , Reimert , H. G. M. , Nortvedt , R. and Roth , B. 2010 . Percussion and electrical stunning of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) after dewatering and subsequent effect on brain and heart activities . Aquaculture , 300 : 107 – 112 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lambooij , E. , Kloosterboer , R. J. , Gerritzen , M. A. and van de Vis , J. W. 2004 . Head-only electrical stunning and bleeding of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus): Assessment of loss of consciousness . Anim. Welfare , 13 (1): 71– 76 )
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lambooij , E. , Kloosterboer , R. J. , Gerritzen , M. A. and van de Vis , J. W. 2006 . Assessment of electrical stunning of farmed African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) and chilling in ice water for loss of consciousness and sensibility . Aquaculture , 254 : 388 – 395 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lambooij , E. , Pilarczyk , M. , Bialowas , H. , van den Boogaart , J. G. M. and van de Vis , J. W. 2007 . Electrical and percussive stunning of the common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.): Neurological and behavioural assessment . Aquac. Eng. , 37 : 171 – 179 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lambooij , E. , van de Vis , J. W. , Kloosterboer , R. J. and Pieterse , C. 2002 . Evaluation of head-only and head-to-tail electrical stunning of farmed eels (Anguilla anguilla, L.) for the development of a humane slaughter method . Aquac. Res. , 33 : 323 – 331 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lines , J. and Kestin , S. 2004 . Electrical stunning of fish: The relationship between the electric field strength and water conductivity . Aquaculture , 241 : 219 – 234 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Robb , D. F. H. , Wotton , S. B. , McKinstry , J. L. , Sørensen , N. K. and Kestin , S. C. 2000 . Commercial slaughter methods used on Atlantic salmon: Determination of the onset of brain failure by electroencephalography . Vet. Rec. , 147 : 298 – 303 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roth , B. , Birkeland , S. and Oyarzun , F. 2009a . Stunning, pre slaughter and filleting conditions of Atlantic salmon and subsequent effect on flesh quality on fresh and smoked fillets . Aquaculture , 289 : 350 – 356 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roth , B. , Imsland , A. K. and Foss , A. 2009b . Live chilling of turbot and subsequent effect on behaviour, muscle stiffnes, muscle quality, blood gases and chemistry . Anim. Welfare , 18 : 33 – 41 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Roth , B. , Slinde , E. and Robb , D. H. L. 2007 . Percussive stunning of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and the relation between force and stunning . Aquac. Eng. , 36 : 192 – 197 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sattari , A. , Lambooij , E. , Sharifi , H. , Abbink , W. , Reimert , H. and van de Vis , J. W. 2010 . Industrial dry electro-stunning followed by chilling and decapitation as a slaughter method in Claresse (Heteroclarias sp.) and African catfish (Clarias gariepinus) . Aquaculture , 302 : 100 – 105 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• van de Vis , J. W. , Kestin , S. C. , Robb , D. F. H. , Oehlenschläger , J. , Lambooij , E. , Münkner , W. , Kuhlmann , H. , Münkner , W. , Kloosterboer , R. J. , Tejada , M. , Huidobro , A. , Ottera , H. , Roth , B. , Soerensen , N. K. , Akse , L. , Byrne , H. and Nesvadba , P. 2003 . Is humane slaughter of fish possible for industry? . Aquac. Res. , 34 : 211 – 220 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wageneder , F. M. and St , Schuy . 1967 . Electrotherapeutic Sleep and Electroanaesthesia: Proceedings of the First International Symposium , Amsterdam : The Netherlands: Excerpta Medica Foundation . Graz, Austria, 12–17, September, 1966
   Google Scholar