Comparative Analysis of Different Drying Techniques Based on the Qualitative Characteristics of Spirulina platensis Biomass

References

• Abd El-Baky HH, El Baz FK, El-Baroty GS. 2009. Production of phenolic compounds from Spirulina maxima microalgae and its protective effects in vitro toward hepatotoxicity model. Electron J Environ Agric Food Chem. 8(11):1099–112.
   Google Scholar
• Agustini TW, Suzery M, Sutrisnanto D, Ma’ruf WF. 2015. Comparative study of bioactive substances extracted from fresh and dried Spirulina sp. Procedia Environ Sci. 23(Ictcred 2014):282–89.
   Google Scholar
• Aouir A, Amiali M, Bitam A, Benchabane A, Raghavan VG. 2017. Comparison of the biochemical composition of different arthrospira platensis strains from Algeria, Chad and the USA. J Food Meas Charact. 11:913–23.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Boussiba S, Richmond AE. 1980. C-phycocyanin as a storage protein in the blue-green alga Spirulina platensis. Arch Microbiol. 125(1–2):143–47.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Britton G, Liaaen-Jensen S, Pfander H. 2004. Carotenoids. Handbook. doi:10.1007/978-3-0348-7836-4
   Google Scholar
• Chang Y, Wu Z, Bian L, Feng D, Leung DYC. 2013. Cultivation of Spirulina platensis for biomass production and nutrient removal from synthetic human urine. Appl Energy. 102:427–31.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Chen C-L, Chang J-S, Lee D-J. 2015. Dewatering and drying methods for microalgae. Dry Technol. 33(4):443–54.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Cunniff PA. 1998. Official methods of analysis of AOAC international. Assoc Off Anal Chem Int CD–ROM. doi:10.3109/15563657608988149
   Google Scholar
• Danesi EDG, Rangel-Yagui CO, Carvalho JCM, Sato S. 2004. Effect of reducing the light intensity on the growth and production of chlorophyll by Spirulina platensis. Biomass Bioenergy. 26(4):329–35.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Deng R, Chow TJ. 2010. Hypolipidemic, antioxidant, and antiinflammatory activities of microalgae spirulina. Cardiovasc Ther. 28(4):33–45.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Dey S, Rathod VK. 2013. Ultrasound assisted extraction of β-carotene from Spirulina platensis. Ultrason Sonochem. 20(1):271–76.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Divakaran S, Duerr EO. 1987. Characteristics of a blue-green alga (Spirulina platensis) preserved by acidulation with sulfuric acid. J Agric Food Chem. 35:568–70.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Drosou C, Kyriakopoulou K, Bimpilas A, Tsimogiannis D, Krokida M. 2015. A comparative study on different extraction techniques to recover red grape pomace polyphenols from vinification byproducts. Ind Crops Prod. 75:141–49.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ejike CECC, Collins SA, Balasuriya N, Swanson AK, Mason B, Udenigwe CC. 2017. Prospects of microalgae proteins in producing peptide-based functional foods for promoting cardiovascular health. Trends Food Sci Technol. 59:30–36.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Graham JE, Bryant DA. 2009. The biosynthetic pathway for myxol-2′ fucoside (myxoxanthophyll) in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. strain PCC 7002. J Bacteriol. 191:3292–300.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Guedes AC, Amaro HM, Malcata FX. 2011. Microalgae as sources of carotenoids. Mar Drugs. 9(4):625–44.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hua TC, Liu BL, Zhang H. 2010. Freeze-drying of pharmaceutical and food products. Cambridge: Woodhead Publishing. doi:10.1533/9781845697471
   Google Scholar
• Jaime L, Mendiola JA, Herrero M, Soler-Rivas C, Santoyo S, Senorans FJ, Ibanez E. 2005. Separation and characterization of antioxidants from Spirulina platensis microalga combining pressurized liquid extraction, TLC, and HPLC-DAD. J Sep Sci. 28(16):2111–19.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kandasamy S, Nagarajan P, Sujatha K, Nagarajan P. 2013. Optimization of growth conditions for carotenoid production from Spirulina platensis (Geitler). Int J Curr Microbiol Appl Sci. 2(10):325–28.
   Google Scholar
• Knockaert G, Lemmens L, Van Buggenhout S, Hendrickx M, Van Loey A. 2014. Changes in β-carotene during processing of carrots. Process Impact Active Components Food. doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-404699-3.00002-0
   Google Scholar
• Kumar M, Sansaniwal SK, Khatak P. 2016. Progress in solar dryers for drying various commodities. Renew Sustain Energy Rev. doi:10.1016/j.rser.2015.10.158
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kyriakopoulou K, Pappa A, Krokida M, Detsi A, Kefalas P. 2013. Effects of drying and extraction methods on the quality and antioxidant activity of sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) berries and leaves. Dry Technol. 31(9):1063–76.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Lin LP. 1985. Microstructure of spray-dried and freeze-dried microalgal powders. Food Microstruct. 4(2):341–48.
   Google Scholar
• Marques LG, Freire JT. 2005. Analysis of freeze-drying of tropical fruits. Dry Technol. 23(9–11):2169–84.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Moraes CC, Sala L, Cerveira GP, Kalil SJ. 2011. C-Phycocyanin extraction from Spirulina platensis wet biomass. Brazilian J Chem Eng. 28(1):45–49.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Multari S, Marsol-Vall A, Keskitalo M, Yang B, Suomela JP. 2018. Effects of different drying temperatures on the content of phenolic compounds and carotenoids in quinoa seeds (Chenopodium quinoa) from Finland. J Food Compos Anal. 72:75–82.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nakagawa K, Ritcharoen W, Sri-Uam P, Pavasant P, Adachi S. 2016. Antioxidant properties of convective-air-dried Spirulina maxima: evaluation of phycocyanin retention by a simple mathematical model of air-drying. Food Bioprod Process. 100:292–302.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oliveira EG, Rosa GS, Moraes MA, Pinto LAA. 2008. Phycocyanin content of Spirulina platensis dried in spouted bed and thin layer. J Food Process Eng. 31(1):34–50.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Oliveira EG, Duarte JH, Moraes K, Crexi VT, Pinto LAA. 2010a. Optimisation of Spirulina platensis convective drying: evaluation of phycocyanin loss and lipid oxidation. Int J Food Sci Technol. 45:1572–78.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Papalia T, Sidari R, Panuccio MR. 2019. Impact of different storage methods on bioactive compounds in arthrospira platensis biomass. Molecules. 24:2810.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Pohndorf RS, Camara ÁS, Larrosa APQ, Pinheiro CP, Strieder MM, Pinto LAA. 2016. Production of lipids from microalgae Spirulina sp.: influence of drying, cell disruption and extraction methods. Biomass Bioenergy. 93:25–32.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Que F, Mao L, Fang X, Wu T. 2008. Comparison of hot air-drying and freeze-drying on the physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities of pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata Duch.) flours. Int J Food Sci Technol. 43(7):1195–201.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rangel-Yagui CDO, Danesi EDG, De Carvalho JCM, Sato S. 2004. Chlorophyll production from Spirulina platensis: cultivation with urea addition by fed-batch process. Bioresour Technol. 92(2):133–41.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ratti C. 2001. Hot air and freeze-drying of high-value foods: a review. J Food Eng. 49(4):311–19.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Ryckebosch E, Muylaert K, Eeckhout M, Ruyssen T, Foubert I. 2011. Influence of drying and storage on lipid and carotenoid stability of the Microalga Phaeodactylum tricornutum. J Agric Food Chem. 59(20):11063–69.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sarada R, Pillai MG, Ravishankar GA. 1999. Phycocyanin from Spirulina sp: influence of processing of biomass on phycocyanin yield, analysis of efficacy of extraction methods and stability studies on phycocyanin. Process Biochem. 34(8):795–801.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Seshadri CV, Umesh BV, Manoharan R. 1991. Beta-carotene studies in Spirulina. Bioresour Technol. 38(2–3):111–13.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Shih MC, Kuo CC, Chiang W. 2009. Effects of drying and extrusion on colour, chemical composition, antioxidant activities and mitogenic response of spleen lymphocytes of sweet potatoes. Food Chem. 117:114–21.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Show K-Y, Lee D-J, Mujumdar AS. 2015. Advances and Challenges on Algae Harvesting and Drying. Dry Technol. 33(4):386–94.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Siefermann-Harms D. 1994. Light and Temperature Control of Season-Dependent Changes in the α- and β-Carotene Content of Spruce Needles. J Plant Physiol. 143:488–94.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Silveira ST, Burkert JFM, Costa JAV, Burkert CAV, Kalil SJ. 2007. Optimization of phycocyanin extraction from Spirulina platensis using factorial design. Bioresour Technol. 98(8):1629–34.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sogi DS, Siddiq M, Dolan KD. 2015. Total phenolics, carotenoids and antioxidant properties of Tommy Atkin mango cubes as affected by drying techniques. LWT - Food Sci Technol. 62(1):564–68.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Spolaore P, Joannis-Cassan C, Duran E, Isambert A. 2006. Commercial applications of microalgae. J Biosci Bioeng. 101(2):87–96.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Stramarkou M, Papadaki S, Konstantina Kyriakopoulou MK. 2017. Effect of drying and extraction conditions on the recovery of bioactive compounds from Chlorella vulgaris. J Appl Phycol. 29:1–14.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Šumić Z, Vakula A, Tepić A, Čakarević J, Vitas J, Pavlić B. 2016. Modeling and optimization of red currants vacuum drying process by response surface methodology (RSM). Food Chem. 203:465–75.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Vigani M, Parisi C, Rodríguez-Cerezo E, Barbosa MJ, Sijtsma L, Ploeg M, Enzing C. 2015. Food and feed products from micro-algae: market opportunities and challenges for the EU. Trends Food Sci Technol. 42(1):81–92.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Viswanathan T, Mani S, Das KC, Chinnasamy S, Bhatnagar A, Singh RK, Singh M. 2012. Effect of cell rupturing methods on the drying characteristics and lipid compositions of microalgae. Bioresour Technol. 126:131–36.
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wani SM, Masoodi FA, Haq E, Ahmad M, Ganai SA. 2020. Influence of processing methods and storage on phenolic compounds and carotenoids of apricots. LWT. 132:109846.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Wu L, Orikasa T, Ogawa Y, Tagawa A. 2007. Vacuum drying characteristics of eggplants. J Food Eng. 83(3):422–29.
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Young A. 2004. Carotenoids: handbook. Synthesis (Stuttg). 2004:1901–1901.
   Google Scholar