Clients’ experiences of moments of sadness in psychotherapy: A grounded theory analysis

References

• American Psychiatric Association . 2000 . Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed., text rev.) . Washington, DC : Author .
   Google Scholar
• Butler , E. A. , Egloff , B. , Wlhelm , F. H. , Smith , N. C. , Erickson , E. A. and Gross , J. J. 2003 . The social consequences of expressive suppression . Emotion , 3 ( 1 ) : 48 – 67 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Elliott , R. , Watson , J. C. , Goldman , R. N. and Greenberg , L. S. 2004 . Learning emotion-focused therapy: The process-experiential approach to change , Washington, DC : American Psychological Association .
   Google Scholar
• Giorgi , A. 1970 . Psychology as a human science: A phenomenological based approach , New York : Harper & Row .
   Google Scholar
• Glaser , B. J. and Strauss , A. 1967 . The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research , Chicago : Aldine .
   Google Scholar
• Greenberg , L. S. 1993 . “ Emotion and change processes in psychotherapy ” . In Handbook of emotions , Edited by: Lewis , M. and Haviland , J. M. 499 – 508 . New York : Guilford Press .
   Google Scholar
• Greenberg , L. S. , Elliott , R. and Foerster , F. 1990 . “ Experiential process in the psychotherapeutic treatment of depression ” . In Depression: New directions in theory, research, and practice , Edited by: McCann , D. and Endler , N. 157 – 185 . Toronto, Ontario, Canada : Wall & Emerson .
   Google Scholar
• Greenberg , L. S. and Paivio , S. C. 1997 . Working with emotions in psychotherapy , New York : Guilford Press .
   Google Scholar
• Gross , J. J. and Levenson , R. W. 1997 . Hiding feelings: The acute effects of inhibiting negative and positive emotion . Journal of Abnormal Psychology , 106 : 95 – 103 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Haslam , N. 2005 . Dimensions of folk psychiatry . Review of General Psychology , 9 ( 1 ) : 35 – 47 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Hoehn-Saric , R. 1977 . Emotions and psychotherapies . American Journal of Psychotherapy , 31 ( 1 ) : 83 – 96 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Horstmann , G. 2003 . What do facial expressions convey: Feeling states, behavioral intentions, or action requests? . Emotion , 3 : 150 – 166 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Horwitz , A. V. 2002 . Creating mental illness , Chicago : University of Chicago Press .
   Google Scholar
• Huebner , R. R. and Izard , C. E. 1988 . Mothers’ responses to infants’ facial expressions of sadness, anger, and physical distress . Motivation and Emotion , 12 : 185 – 196 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• John , O. P. and Gross , J. J. 2004 . Healthy and unhealthy emotion regulation: Personality processes, individual differences, and life span development . Journal of Personality , 72 ( 6 ) : 1301 – 1334 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kagan , N. 1975 . Interpersonal process recall: A method of influencing human interaction , Houston, TX : University of Houston .
   Google Scholar
• Kagan , N. , Krathwohl , D. R. and Miller , R. 1963 . Stimulated recall in therapy using video tape: A case study . Journal of Counseling Psychology , 10 ( 3 ) : 237 – 243 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Kagan , N. and Schauble , P. G. 1969 . Affect simulation in interpersonal process recall . Journal of Counseling Psychology , 16 ( 4 ) : 309 – 313 .
   Google Scholar
• Kutchins , H. and Kirk , S. A. 1997 . Making us crazy: DSM: The psychiatric bible and the creation of mental disorders , New York : Free Press .
   Google Scholar
• Laing , R. D. 1960 . The divided self , London : Tavistock .
   Google Scholar
• Laing , R. D. and Esterson , A. 1964 . Sanity, madness, and the family , Harmondsworth, , England : Penguin .
   Google Scholar
• Linn , S. E. 1985 . Being depressed: An existential-phenomenological investigation . (Doctoral dissertation, Duquesne University). Dissertation Abstracts International, 46(6-B), 2070 .
   Google Scholar
• Malkinson , R. 2001 . Cognitive-behavioral therapy of grief: A review and application . Research on Social Work Practice , 11 ( 6 ) : 671 – 698 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Nelson , L. H. 1990 . Who knows: From Quine to a feminist empiricism , Philadelphia : Temple University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Nesse , R. M. 1999 . The evolution of hope and despair . Social Research , 66 ( 2 ) : 429 – 469 .
   Google Scholar
• NUD*IST 4 [Computer software] . 1997 . Doncaster, Victoria, Australia : QSR International Pty Ltd .
   Google Scholar
• Plutchik , R. 2000 . “ Therapist tactics for uncovering emotions ” . In Emotions in the practice of psychotherapy: Clinical implications of affect theories , Edited by: Plutchik , R. 127 – 138 . Washington, DC : American Psychological Association .
   Google Scholar
• Rennie , D. L. 2000 . Grounded theory methodology as methodical hermeneutics: Reconciling realism and relativism . Theory & Psychology , 10 ( 4 ) : 481 – 501 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Rennie , D. L. , Phillips , J. R. and Quartaro , G. K. 1986 . Grounded theory: A promising approach to conceptualization in psychology . Canadian Psychology , 29 ( 2 ) : 139 – 150 .
   Google Scholar
• Richards , J. M. and Gross , J. J. 1999 . Composure at any cost? The cognitive consequences of emotion suppression . Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin , 25 : 1033 – 1044 .
   Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Sahakian , W. S. 1976 . Philosophical psychotherapy: An existential approach . Journal of Individual Psychology , 32 ( 1 ) : 62 – 69 .
   PubMedGoogle Scholar
• Silberschatz , G. and Sampson , H. 1991 . “ Affects in psychopathology and psychotherapy ” . In Emotion, psychotherapy, and change , Edited by: Safran , J. D. and Greenberg , L. S. 113 – 129 . New York : Guilford Press .
   Google Scholar
• Spinelli , E. 1997 . Tales of un-knowing: Eight stories of existential therapy , New York : New York University Press .
   Google Scholar
• Spinelli , E. 2002 . The therapeutic relationship as viewed by existential psychotherapy: Re-embracing the world . Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy , 32 ( 1 ) : 111 – 118 .
   Google Scholar
• Vandervoort , D. J. 2001 . Cross-cultural differences in coping with sadness . Current Psychology , 20 ( 2 ) : 147 – 154 .
   Google Scholar
• Wakefield , J. C. , Schmitz , M. F. , First , M. B. and Horwitz , A. V. 2007 . Extending the bereavement exclusion for major depression to other losses: Evidence from the National Comorbidity Survey . Archives of General Psychiatry , 64 ( 4 ) : 433 – 440 .
   PubMed Web of Science ®Google Scholar
• Yalom , I. 1989 . Love's executioner and other tales of psychotherapy , New York : Basic Books .
   Google Scholar